1
GROWTH HORMONE AND THYROID
HORMONE
RISHABH KUMAR
M.PHARM (2nd SEMESTER)
DEPARTMENT OF
PHARMACOLOGY
ISF COLLEGE OF PHARMACY ,
MOGA

2
CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Functions of endocrine system
 Growth hormone
 Regulation of growth hormone
 Treatment
 Thyroid hormone
 Regulation of thyroid hormone
 Treatment

 The endocrine system is controlled by two
parts of the brain: the pituitary gland and the
hypothalamus
 This system coordinates the various functions
of our body by transmitting information in the
form of biochemicals between individual cells
and tissues of the body.
 It does so by releasing the messengers , called
HORMONES
3
INTRODUCTIO
N

4
FUNCTIONS OF ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM
 Maintain Internal Homeostasis
 Support Cell Growth
 Coordinate Development
 Coordinate Reproduction, fertility, sexual function
 Facilitate Responses to External Stimuli

The Pituitary
Gland
Anterior
Pituitary
Posterior
Pituitary
5

Anterior
Pituitary
Somatotrophs Thyrotrophs Gonadotrophs
Lactotrophs Corticotrophs
6

Anterior
pituitary
Growth
Hormone
(GH)
Adrenocorticotropin
Hormone (ACTH)
Leutinizing
Hormone (LH)
Follicle-Stimulating
Hormone (FSH) )
Prolactin
Thyroid-
Stimulating
Hormone (TSH)
7

Posterior
Pituitary
Oxytocin Antidiuretic
Hormone (ADH)
8

 Derived from the somatotroph cells
 Its secretion is controlled by GHRH and
somatostatin
 Secretion of GHRH and somatostatin
regulated by hypothalamus.
 Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) released
from the liver inhibits GH secretion by
stimulating somatostatin secretion from the
hypothalamus.
9
GROWTH
HORMONE

10

11

12
- Synthetic Somatostatin
(Octreotide)
- Surgical removal / Radiotherapy
of the tumor
- GH Antagonists (Pegvisomant)
Treatment of excess GH
disorders

 Thyroid gland consist of two type of cells
 Follicular cells – synthesized T3 and T4
hormone.
 Para-follicular cells – synthesized and release
calcitonin.
 Synthesis and release of TSH by pituitary is
controlled by hypothalamus primarily through
TRH, while somatostatin inhibits TSH secretion.
Thyroid hormone
13

Synthesis and Release of Thyroid
Hormone
14

15
Mechanism of action of Thyroid
Hormone

16

 Anti-thyroid drugs (Peroxidase inhibitor)
Propylthiouracil, Methimazole, Carbimazole
 Inhibition of iodine uptake
Thiocyantes, Perchlorates, Nitrates
 Destroy thyroid tissue
Radioactive iodine (I131 , I125, I123)
 Inhibit Hormone Release
Iodides of Na and K
Treatment
17

18