Multi-Use Concepts as a Potential
Solution for the Overcrowded
Marine Realm
Bela H. Buck
International Marine Spatial Planning Public Symposium, Providence (RI)

Relatively small
N PL size of the EEZ in
the Baltic Sea
EST
S and in the North
RUS Sea.
DK
LT
GB D LV
NL
B FIN
F
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012

North Sea
EEZ: Baltic Sea
28,600 km2 Schleswig‐
Holstein
Hamburg Mecklenburg‐
Vorpommern
Bremen EEZ:
Lower‐Saxony 4,500 km2
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012

Priority list (with regard to UNCLOS)
MSP at an early stages:
(between 2001‐2006)
High
 Safety and efficiency of shipping
  Defining the actual state of
National and international
uses
contracts [e.g. pipelines, cables]
Shipping & Pipelines, Cables, Mariculture,
Military Features Sediment, Platforms  Protection of the marine
 Ascertain priorities of
environment
 National/Alliance defence
different uses
Others
  Set priorities regarding
Resources
national and international
 Scientific research
Nature Conservation Offshore Wind Farms  Wind farming
“dependencies”.
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012

Construction of the
Alpha Ventus wind
farm in the EEZ 60
km off the coast of
Germany.
5 MW class turbines:
65 MWh∙day‐1∙windmill‐1
8,000 €∙day‐1∙windmill‐1
70% of companies SME
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012

Multi-use ideas to maximize the 1. Ecology
benefit of an offshore area: - Creating MPA‘s (nursery,
sustainable fisheries…)
- Set-up artificial reefs
2. Tourism
3. Additional energy resources
4. Offshore Aquaculture
5. Bio-Remediation /
Bio-Extraction
6. Use of fouling organisms
Image taken from Barry Costa‐Pierce
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012

Meek, 1989
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012

Marine Facilities
Ordinance
OSS‐Project forces
wind farm operators
to investigate in co‐
uses
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012
Buck et al. (2008), Helg. Mar. Research

Mussel cultivation designs
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012 Buck (2007), Helg. Mar. Res.
Buck et al. (2010), Aquac. Econom. Management

Seaweed cultivation
 longlines
 ladder
 grid
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012

IMTA
(Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture)
extractive species
extractive species 1. defense line:
filter feeders
wind
seaweed mussels
farm with
fish
fish/ 2. defense line: fish/
wind turbine seaweeds wind turbine
different directions
bidirectional
McVey & Buck (2008), WAS
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012

Consideration of
mechanical
loads on
grounding
constructions of
longline, cage windmills by
or other aquaculture
constructions devices
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012

y
N
NW NO
W O x

SW S0
S1 [N/mm²]
S
8 Windrichtungen
8 Wellenanlaufrichtungen
LC 5
EF 4 EF 5 EF 6
Development of static models
Discussion of alternative
Generation of representative
(for 3-5 MWpoints ofclass)
connection turbine foundation
loads of wind energy LC 5 S1 [N/mm²] S1 [N/mm²]
structure
installations
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012
Buck et al. (2006), Ocean, Offshore, and Arctic Engineering

© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012
Buck & Krause (2010), Springer Encyclopedia

Experimental setup
 Analysis of flow velocities/forces/qualitative scouring
 Length scale 1 : 40
 Wave parameter:
Medium wave
T = 6 s, Hs = 1,5 m
Maximum wave:
T = 14 s, Hs = 11 m
 Variation of design
– Cylinder
– Sphere
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012

© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012

Mooring System
Jetty Station
Offshore Test Field
Koch (2007) Thesis

Key Issues:
1. Multi-use concepts ease MSP
2. Multi-use will have a better acceptance for both
stakeholders and would save costs.
3. Multi-Use concepts will have economic benefits
• Quick procedure
• Combined EIA
• Shared vessels/personal
Prof. Dr. Bela H. Buck
• training
• Additional biomass
Bela.H.Buck@awi.de
• etc.
© B. H. Buck 2012 - MSP-Symposium 2012