The document discusses theories about the origins of the universe, including the steady state, oscillating model, and big bang theory. It describes how the big bang theory proposes that the universe began as one dense mass that violently exploded, sending out matter and energy which over time formed stars and galaxies. It also explains how the observation of redshift shows that galaxies are moving further apart from each other as the universe expands.

1. Origins of the Universe

2. Steady State

3. Oscillating Model

4. Big Bang Theory

6. The big bang theory originated form one huge mass of densely packed matter. The densely packed matter violently exploded with a “big bang” send out matter and energy in all directions. From this matter stars and galaxies now exist.

7. Red Shift Galaxies are moving further apart from each other. When a star moves away the wavelengths of light appear elongated. If a galaxy is moving away from the Earth, its wavelengths of light are shifted to the red end of the spectrum. If a galaxy is moving closer to the Earth then the blue end of the spectrum.