Overview of the W3C Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) ontology

1. Overview of the W3C Semantic Sensor Network Ontology Raúl García-Castro Ontology Engineering Group. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain rgarcia@fi.upm.es

2. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro Index •  W3C Semantic Sensor Network XG •  Semantic Sensor Network ontology •  Use case: coastal flood emergency planning (FP7 SSG4Env project) •  Conclusions 2

3. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro W3C Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) XG •  Goal: To begin the formal process of producing ontologies that define the capabilities of sensors and sensor networks •  Duration: March 2009 – June 2011 -  Continuity: W3C Semantic Sensor Networks CG (Since Feb. 2012) •  24 Participants from 14 institutions: -  CSIRO, Wrigth State University, University of Surrey, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft, Pennsylvania State University, The Open University, University of Southampton, Open Geospatial Consortium, DERI at the National University of Ireland, Ericsson, Boeing, Fundación CTIC •  Outcomes: -  Final report •  http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/ -  Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) ontology •  http://purl.oclc.org/NET/ssnx/ssn 3

4. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro W3C SSN XG motivation •  Sensor data are not just data: -  Event-based nature of sensors and sensor networks -  Temporal and spatial relationships -  Physical constraints (e.g., limited power availability, limited memory, variable data quality, loose connectivity) •  Reflect the Open Geospatial Consortium standards: -  Sensor Model Language (SensorML) -  Observations and Measurements (O&M) 4

5. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro Motivating use cases 5 http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/

7. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro Ontology module Class Individual Subclass-of property Type property Object or datatype property Equivalent to a restriction in an object property Subclass of a restriction in an object property Legend Module Class = objectProperty only | some objectProperty only | some property Class Class Class Individual 7

8. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro SSO Pattern Device Deployment PlatformSite System Process ConstraintBlockMeasuringCapability OperatingRestriction Data Overview of the SSN ontology modules 8 http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/

9. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro SSO Pattern Device Deployment PlatformSite System System onPlatform only hasSubsystem only, some SurvivalRange hasSurvivalRange only OperatingRange hasOperatingRange only hasDeployment only DeploymentRelatedProcess Deployment deploymentProcesPart only deployedSystem only Platform deployedOnPlatform only attachedSystem only Device Sensor SensingDevice Sensing implements some observes only hasMeasurementCapability only inDeployment only Stimulus detects only isProxyFor only ObservationValue SensorOutput hasValue some isProducedBy some Process Process hasInput only hasOutput only, some Input Output Observation observedBy only featureOfInterest only observationResult only Property observedProperty only hasProperty only, some isPropertyOf some sensingMethodUsed only includesEvent some FeatureOfInterest ConstraintBlock Condition inCondition only MeasuringCapability MeasurementCapability forProperty only OperatingRestriction inCondition only Data Overview of the SSN ontologies 9 http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/

10. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro CommunicationMeasuringCapability MeasurementCapability MeasurementProperty hasMeasurementProperty only Accuracy DetectionLimit Drift Frequency MeasurementRange PrecisionResolution ResponseTime Selectivity Sensitivity Latency SSO Pattern EnergyRestrictionOperatingRestriction OperatingRange OperatingProperty hasOperatingProperty only EnvironmentalOperatingProperty MaintenanceSchedule SurvivalRange SurvivalProperty hasSurvivalProperty only EnvironmentalSurvivalProperty SystemLifetime BatteryLifetime OperatingPowerRange Property Sensor and environmental properties 10 http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/

11. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro Data Device Deployment PlatformSiteSystem SystemDeploymentRelated Process Deployment Platform Device Sensor SensingDevice Sensing SensorInput ObservationValue SensorOutput Process Process SSO Pattern Observation Property FeatureOfInterest DOLCE UltraLite Situation Method Region Object Event QualityEvent InformationObject PhysicalObject Process DesignedArtifact or Alignment to DOLCE UltraLite 11 http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/ssn/XGR-ssn/

13. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro Ontologies overview SWEET Service Coastal Defences Ordnance Survey Additional Regions Role DOLCE UltraLite Schema FOAF Upper External Infrastructure Flood domain 13 SSN SSN Extension 13

14. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro SSNExtension ontology dul:Collection DUL ObservationCollection hasMember dul:Entity ssn:Observation dul:Situation SSN directlyPrecedes directlyFollows hasMember only PropertySummary hasPropertySummary ssn:Property forMeasuredProperty ssn:ObservationValue hasQuantityValue xsd:float hasQuantityUnitOfMeasure dul:UnitOfMeasure hasMeasuredValue (Mean, Median, Mode) ssn:Sensor observes only hasMeasurementCapability only ssn:MeasurementCapability forProperty only SSN ssn:MeasurementProperty hasMeasurementProperty only ssn:Frequencyssn:MeasurementRange (Min, Max) hasMeasurementPropertyValue DUL hasObservation (Min, Max, First, Last) hasObservationPeriod dul:TimeInterval xsd:datetime hasIntervalDate coversTemporalInterval (Start, End) includesCollection 14

15. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro Sensor observes hasMeasurementCapability ObservationValue Property MeasurementCapability forProperty Sensor Capabilities example MeasurementProperty hasMeasurementProperty MeasurementRange hasQuantityValue hasQuantityUnitOfMeasure hasMeasurementPropertyMinValue hasMeasurementPropertyMaxValue Sensor001 cd:WaveHeight WaveHeightMeasurementCapability WaveHeightMeasurementRange_1 WaveHeightValue_1 3.6 hasQuantityValue WaveHeightValue_2 meter 1.2 hasQuantityUnitOfMeasure dul:UnitOfMeasure “Sensor001 can measure wave heights with a minimum value of 1.2 and a maximum one of 3.6” 15

16. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro Infrastructure. Service ontology coversRegion hasTemporalExtent hasSpatialExtent hasDataset hasInterface hasServiceType containsOperation hasParameter includesProperty includesFeature hasEndpointReference 16 hasSchema hasStyleURL WebService StatefulWebService xsd:string sw:Dataset sw:Region sw:SpatialExtent sw:TemporalExtent ssn:Property ssn:FeatureOfInterest sm:Schema xsd:anyURI Interface Operation Parameter DataAccessInterface …ServiceType OGCS.T.InfrastructureS.T. GeoJSONS.T.XMLS.T. RSSXMLS.T. Schema SSN SWEETXSD ISO 19119 RDFS.T. 16

17. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro Infrastructure. Schema Metadata ontology hasExtent hasPrimaryKey hasAttribute or hasSQLType hasTimestampAttribute 17 equivalentToProperty Extent Relation Stream Schema DatabaseSchema DataStreamSchema PrimaryKey Attribute TimestampAttribute ssn:Property SQLType SSN 17

18. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro Domain. Coastal Defences ontology locatedInRegionssn:hasProperty 18 ssn:Property ssn:FeatureOfInterest sw:Region AssetProperty OceanRegionProperty Asset os:TopographicObject OceanRegion… … TideHeight WaveHeight SSN SWEET OS ssn:hasProperty only AnyOceanRegion ssn:hasProperty ssn:hasProperty sw:Unit dul:UnitOfMeasure DUL degree hectopascal 18

19. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro Domain. Features and properties •  Physical atmosphere •  Air temperature •  Air pressure •  Wind speed •  Wind gust speed •  Wind direction •  Visibility •  Ocean region •  Sea temperature •  Wave height •  Maximum wave height •  Predicted wave height •  Wave periodicity •  Vertical heave •  Tide height •  Predicted tide height •  Asset •  Height •  Condition •  Class •  Width •  Inspection date •  Maintainer •  Location •  Mastermap Id •  Flood plain •  Water depth •  Flood zone •  Flood zone type •  Flood defence policy •  Strategic defence option •  Vessel •  Location •  Name •  Bearing •  Type •  Size •  Callsign •  Speed •  ETA •  Destination •  Draught •  Road problem •  Location •  Road identifier •  Description •  Event time 19 19

20. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro Domain. Additional Regions ontology 20 sw:Region gz:NamedPlace Coastal Defence Partnership •  Coastal Defence Partnership •  Coastal Defence Partnership (Modelled area) Solent •  Solent •  Solent (Modelled area) •  Solent (AIS live) South East England •  South East England •  South East England (BRANCH) •  South East England (CCO) •  South East England (Highways Agency) South West England •  South West England (Highways Agency) Southern Coastal England •  Southern Coastal England (CCO) Poole Bay •  Poole Bay (Wavenet) Competent Harbour Authorities •  Southampton Competent Harbour Authority •  Portsmouth Competent Harbour Authority Statutory Harbour Authorities •  Southampton Statutory Harbour Authority •  Portsmouth Statutory Harbour Authority •  Cowes Statutory Harbour Authority 20

21. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro Domain. Role ontology hasRegionOfResponsibility hasResponsibility undertakesTask foaf:member 21 assumesRole hasPosition occupies hasSubOrganization ssn:hasProperty hasRelatedProperty hasRelatedFeature isFulfilledBy definesisAssignedTo appliesTo ssn:Property ssn:FeatureOfInterest Position Role Task Responsibility Duty foaf:Person foaf:Organization sw:Region SSN SWEET FOAF isOperatedWithin assignsTask 21

23. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro Conclusions The SSN ontology: •  Is compatible with the OGC standards •  Is aligned with an upper ontology -  Dolce Ultra Light (DUL) •  Only includes core concepts; needs to be extended: -  time, location, units of measurement, domain specific (feature/property/sensor) hierarchies, etc. •  Does not need to be wholly reused -  Only observations -  Only sensors -  ... 23

24. Overview of the SSN ontology© Raúl García Castro References •  COMPTON, M., BARNAGHI, P., BERMUDEZ, L., GARCÍA-CASTRO, R., CORCHO, O., COX, S., GRAYBEAL, J., HAUSWIRTH, M., HENSON, C., HERZOG, A., HUANG, V., JANOWICZ, K., KELSEY, W., PHUOC, D., LEFORT, L., LEGGIERI, M., NEUHAUS, H., NIKOLOV, A., PAGE, K., PASSANT, A., SHETH, A., TAYLOR, K. The SSN Ontology of the W3C Semantic Sensor Network Incubator Group. Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web, North America, 17, oct. 2012. •  GARCÍA-CASTRO, R., CORCHO, O., & HILL, C. (2012). A Core Ontological Model for Semantic Sensor Web Infrastructures. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems (IJSWIS), 8(1), 22-42. 24

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