1. Reproductive Organ of MaleHuman Reproduction System crazy-sains.blogspot.com The Outline for middle and high school

2. You will learn about: The internal and external genital of men. The function of part of genital. Spermatogenesis The related hormone for reproduction system in men.

3. The internal genitalia Testes Reproduction ducts gonad

4. (1)testes The testes consist of : Seminiferous tubule Interstitial cell/ leydig cell Sertoli cell There are three parts of testis that you have to know, of course those placed in the testis-see figure-

6. Seminiferous tubule Seminiferous tubule is the place for forming spermatozoa. This is long and forming rolled in the testis –see the figure in the previous slide-

7. Interstitial cell/ leydig cell This sel can produce testosteron, and the testosteron is used to: Increase the spermatogenesis process. Sperm maturation. Forming some secondary characteristics. Note: Leydig cell are found among seminiferous tubule.

8. Sertoli cell This sel is placed in semineferus tubule, this sel is used to: Feed nutrition to sperm during spermatogenesis take place. Maintain the environment necessary for development and maturation via the blood-testis barrier Secrete substances initiating meiosis Secrete supporting testicular fluid Secrete androgen-binding protein, which concentrates testosterone in close proximity to the developing gametes Testosterone is needed in very high quantities for maintenance of the reproductive tract, and ABP allows a much higher level of fertility Secrete hormones affecting pituitary gland control of spermatogenesis, particularly the polypeptide hormone. Phagocytose residual cytoplasm left over from spermiogenesis They release Antimullerianhormone,which prevents formation of the Mullerian Duct / Oviduct. Protect spermatids from the immune system of the male. <from wikipedia>

9. (2)Reproduction ducts Epididimis for saving immature sperm Vas deferens ducttoflow sperm from epididimis to seminalis vesicle Ejaculatory ductthe short duct that flow sperm from vas deferens to uretra Uretrathe last duct(to issue urine and sperm)

10. uretra Vas deferens

11. (3)gonad Seminal vesicle Prostate gland Cowper gland/bulbouretral gland

12. Seminalis vesicle Is the fluid-producing reserve of food, in the form of fructose, it helps spermatozoid move easily. There are two seminalis vesicle/ only one pair –see the figure-

13. Prostate gland There’s only one.-see figure in the next slide- Produce alkaline sap that flow to the sperm duct. It uses for neutralizing the acidity of vaginal tract. The prostate sap that expelled with semen have better motility,longer survival, and better protection of DNA.

15. Cowper/bulbouretrhal gland There’s only one pair-see the previous slide- Produce sap that flow to the urethra, so that produce semen*(together with sperm) Cowper gland have functions to lubricate the urethra,neutralize traces of acidic urine in urethra, and flush out remaining sperm in theurthralbulb,residualurine,and also foreign matter. *)it consists of sperm sel and a fluid/sap.

16. The external genitalia / penis Glans penis Cavity/erectile tissue -see the figure in the next slide- Note: Penis uses for copulation.

19. Erectile tissue The cavity has erectile tissue, there are three cavities in the penis,but only two kinds of cavities. These are the cavities: 1)Corpus cavernosa(amounted to two). 2)Corpus spongiosum(only one) it’s longer than corpus cavernosa, it reaches to glans penis. The erectile tissue that placed in the cavities, consist of: blood vessels and nerves of taste. Because, the erectile tissue has blood vessel and nerves of taste, the penis can stiffen. –learn the erection process in the next slide-

20. erection It is the process how the penis can stiffen: Stimulationthe blood vessel in the cavity that consists of erectile tissue are filled much more by the bloodthe erection(penis is stiffening) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HaWemCSD7dY

21. spermatogenesis Take place for 16 days at seminiferous tubule Spermatogenesis has 3 stages: spermatocytogenesisspermatidogenesis spermiogenesis

23. The explaination: Cited from WIKIPEDIA Spermatocytogenesis: The forming-Process of spermatocyt The certain spermatogonium (type Ap)will be type B, this type B spermatogonium will divide mitotically to be two diploid intermediate cells called primary spermatocytes. Two primary spermatocytes moves into the adluminal compartment of the seminiferous tubules and duplicates its DNA and subsequently undergoes meiosis I to produce two haploid secondary spermatocytes. The other certain type spermatogonium(type Ad) will divide to produce copies of themselve, so the supply would not run out.

25. Each spermatid produces one spermatozoa.

26. The golgiaparatus creates enzyms and will become acrosome.

27. The golgi surrounds condensed nucleus and become acrosomal cap

28. The mid-piece(the mitochondria gahter and the distal centriol form an axoneme)

29. One of the centriol elongates to be the tail of the sperm.

31. hormone The reproductive system in human is controlled by hormone, the function of testes is influenced by hormone, hipothalamus is the controller of all. Learn this : HipothalamusGnRHstimulate to pituitaryFSH(for increasing spermatogenesis) and LH (for producing testosteron) From above and previous slide, we can infer that increasing spermatogenesis is controlled by testosteron and FSH

32. The explanation for hormone GnRH is gonadotropin-releasing hormone FSH is follicle stimulating hormone LH is luteinizing hormone, this is commonly called ISCH(interstitial cell stimulating hormone)

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