Planning in Environmentally Special Regions- intro

1. Leture1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim Cairo University Faculty Of Urban & Regional Planning Planning Of Environmentally Special Regions ‫تخطيط‬‫األقاليم‬‫الخاصة‬ ‫البيئية‬ Code 3682

2. Agenda Lecture 1 2 Planning of environmentally Special Regions  Focus On the Course Title /the scope of this course  Natural Ecosystems: step1 to understand an ecosystem  Course outlines Dr Safaa Ghoneim

3. Planning Of Environmentally Special Regions Focus On Course Title

4. Planning Environmentally Special Regions Planning Of Environmentally Special Regions

5. Land use planning/Physical planning: The process of designating and regulating the use of land in order to improve (communities’ / a community’s) physical, economic, social, and environmental efficiency and well-being. √ Starting from the common base Inputs Outputs Tasks Planning Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 5

6. Main steps of Physical Planning Process Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 6

7. 7Lecture 1  Is it a liner process?  Is it a systematic process?  Does it follow One Approach or alternative approaches?  Does is respond to the special Factors?  &&& How??? How the planning process should be? Dr Safaa Ghoneim

8. • Not liner but it should include loops & feedbacks • Not systematic: however it has certain major stages, steps and details should differ upon the speciality of each case • Many planning approaches have been developed. &New approaches are in the way. We determine the suitable approach upon the speciality of the case. Planning

9. Does is respond to the special Factors? Special factors ???

10. Socio-Cultural factors Lecture 1 10 Planning of Environmentally Special Regions Political factor Economic factor Environmental factor …… , factor? Social Environmental Economic Sustainable One can lead / dominate! Dr Safaa Ghoneim

11. Socio-Cultural factors Lecture 1 11 Planning of environmentally Special Regions  Villages of Noba  Traditional communities in western desert  Fishing villages in the north east  More examples…. Dr Safaa Ghoneim

12. Lecture 1 12 Planning of Environmentally Special Regions Political factor  Borders Regions/ communities:,..  Hot areas: problematic,…???  Central strategic areas: ministries district, ??? Dr Safaa Ghoneim

13. Lecture 1 13 Planning of environmentally Special Regions Economic factor  Ports cities,  Suez canal region,  Mining cities,  …. Dr Safaa Ghoneim

14. Industrial Cities Economic factor Ports Mining cities Poor/ slum areas…… ….. Regions …… Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 14

15. The environmental dimension should lead the planning process if the project area : Has Significant Environment Planning of Environmentally Special Regions Environmental factor Faces Natural Hazards

16. Hazards driven by water ( i.e. floods, tsunamis, and droughts. Natural hazards, such as: Hazards driven by geology (i.e., earthquakes and volcanic waves) EarthquakesVolcanic Waves Meteorological: hazards driven by weather Heat Waves Cold Waves Freezing Rain Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 16

17. Faces Natural Hazards The environmental dimension should lead the planning process if the project area : Has Significant Environment Planning of Environmentally Special Regions Environmental factor

18. Having very significant Environment Very rich Biodiversity Rare environmental features Threatened organism/habitats Aesthetic values Cultural values Scientific value / Economic value Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 18

19. 19Lecture 1 • Each case has its speciality to some extends but we always seek for balanced solutions. • When a particular factor can be seen as the major one, it should dominate the planning process. • Although this course will focus on the Environmental special features, the other dimensions will be integrated in the planning process. Remember!! Dr Safaa Ghoneim

20. Regional planning Urban/City Planning Urban design Landscape Architecture Which scale we are interested in? Planning of Environmentally Special Regions Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 20

21. Lecture 1 21 So, it could be: o Global-International o /National- Sub national o /planning region o /city/ small community? o Small area, o Multi scale, Planning of Environmentally Special Regions The special factor can take us up to the global scale and down to a very detailed local scale Dr Safaa Ghoneim

22. 22Lecture 1 • Here we focus on the ecosystem as a natural unit. • The special feature can take us up to the global scale and down to a very detailed local scale. • The special features can be Significant Env or Hazards • Our Aim …… Dr Safaa Ghoneim

23. Step1: to understand an ecosystem

24. Natural Ecosystem is a dynamic complex of living communities (e.g. plants, animals, microorganisms, etc) and nonliving natural components (e.g. Water, soil, geography, etc) interacting as a functional unit. Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 24

25. To understand an Ecosystem Identify: 1. Type; 2. Main components (physical & living); 3. Interactions (functions & processes); 4. Boundaries (as a functional UNIT); 5. Dynamics (daily, seasonal, annual, longer changes) 6. The Benefits they provide (Eco-Services) Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 25

26. Main Types of Ecosystems Natural Arid/ Mountain Semi- arid Oasis Forests Aquatic lotic (Rivers) Lentic (Lakes) SeasWetlands Oceans Artificial Terrestrial Fresh Marine Ecosystems Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 26

27. To understand an Ecosystem Identify: 1. Type; 2. Main components (physical & living); 3. Interactions (functions & processes); 4. Boundaries (as a functional UNIT); 5. Dynamics (daily, seasonal, annual, longer changes) 6. The Benefits they provide (Eco-Services) Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 27

28. Main components Natural Ecosystem Biotic Fauna Flora Abiotic Geomorpholgy Hydrology Climate Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 28

29. To understand an Ecosystem 1. Type; 2. Main components (physical & living); 3. Ecosystem Structure 4. Interactions (functions & processes); 5. Boundaries (as a functional UNIT); 6. Dynamics (daily, seasonal, annual, longer changes) 7. The Benefits they provide (Eco-Services) Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 29

30. Vertical & Horizontal distribution of ecosystem components (e.g., vegetation ht., distribution of plant biomass above and below ground, etc.) Ecosystem Structure Function = Chain of processes that are conducted or evaluated at the ecosystem scale. Ecosystem Functions Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 30

32. How do we decide where to draw the lines around an ecosystem? Boundaries of Ecosystem (as a functional UNIT); Natural Boundaries: Ecosystems sometimes are bounded by naturally delineated borders (crop field, lake); appropriate questions include whole-lake trophic dynamics and energy fluxes (e.g., Lindeman 1942) Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 32

34. Time Scale in Ecosystem Ecology • Rapid: over the day/ days/ weeks, e.g. wetlands • Seasonal: e.g. forest, desert grassland • Successional: 3 months after fire, 300 years after fire • Species migration/invasions: 1 to thousands of years Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 34

35. To understand an Ecosystem Identify: 1. Type; 2. Main components (physical & living); 3. Ecosystem Structure 4. Interactions (functions & processes); 5. Boundaries (as a functional UNIT); 6. Dynamics (daily, seasonal, annual, longer changes) 7. The Benefits they provide (Eco-Services) Lecture 1 Dr Safaa Ghoneim 35

36. No. Lecture Assessment 1 Introduction to the course & approach to understand Ecosystem Individual (A3 report up to 5 pages) 2 Ecosystem services & Human Wellbeing Groups (A2 posters) 3 Environmentally Sensitive Areas Individual (one A3 ex. + layers of services groups) 4 Tools and techniques supporting the planning and decision making : ESA Groups (A2 posters) 5 Planning of environmentally sensitive areas (1) Groups (A2 posters) 6 Planning of environmentally sensitive areas (2) Groups (A2 posters) Week 7  EXAM Course contents

37. Course contents No. Lecture Assessment 8 Considering the impacts of development activities & Land uses Groups (A2 posters) 9 Reflections of Climate change on the environmental planning. Individual (one A3 ex.) 10 Natural Hazards and extreme events Groups (A2 posters) 11 Planning of hazard areas (the immediate & recovery plans) Groups (A2 posters) 12 Planning of hazard areas (long term plan) Groups (A2 posters) 13 International frameworks for environmentally special areas. Individual (one A3 ex.) Midterm + final Project

38. Dr Safaa Ghoneim38 Lecture 1

39. Lecture 1 39 Title Degree Date 1 Class activities ‫المحاضرة‬ ‫أثناء‬ ‫التفاعل‬ 5 Weekly 3 Exercise (one A3 ) ‫مختصر‬ ‫فردية‬ ‫تمرينات‬(‫واحدة‬ ‫صفحة‬) 5 Weekly 4 Practical sessions ‫المشروع‬ ‫على‬ ‫تطبيقية‬ ‫تمرينات‬(‫السكش‬ ‫نهاية‬ ‫في‬ ‫تقييمها‬ ‫يتم‬) (groups + individual evaluation) 15 Weeks (2:6 & 9:12) 5 Final Project ‫تسليمات‬‫للمشروع‬ ‫نهائية‬ 10 Weeks 6 & 12 6 Report of the term ‫تقرير‬‫التيرم‬(‫فردي‬) 5 Week 8 & 12 7 Midterm ‫التيرم‬ ‫منتصف‬ ‫إمتحان‬ 20 Week 7 8 Exam ‫التيرم‬ ‫نهاية‬ ‫إمتحان‬ 40 Total ‫إجمالي‬ 100 Dr Safaa Ghoneim

40. Lecture 1 40 Tasks ‫مهام‬ Start ‫التوقيت‬ Duration (H) ‫بالساعة‬ ‫المدة‬ 1 Lecture ‫المحاضرة‬ Saturdays 11:00 am ‫السبت‬: 11 ‫صباحا‬ ‫ساعتين‬ 2 Practical session ‫العملي‬ ‫التطبيق‬ Saturdays 1:00 pm ‫السبت‬:‫الواحدة‬ ‫تقريبا‬ ‫ساعتين‬ 3 Academic supervision ‫األكاديمي‬ ‫اإلرشاد‬ Wednesday 1:00 ‫االربعاء‬:‫الواحدة‬‫ظهرا‬ ‫ساعتين‬ Dr Safaa Ghoneim

41. Dr Safaa Ghoneim 41Lecture 1

Planning in Environmentally Special Regions- intro

Dr S Ghoneim

Planning in Environmentally Special Regions- intro