1.
Plack BasicsLeo Lapworth @ YAPC::EU 2011 Much content from Tatsuhiko Miyagawa’s YAPC::NA 2010 talk

2.
What is Plack?

3.
What is Plack?“Superglue for Perl 5 Web Frameworks and Web Servers”

4.
How will that help me?

5.
How will that help me?‣ Flexibility

6.
How will that help me?‣ Flexibility‣ Middleware (plugins)

7.
How will that help me?‣ Flexibility‣ Middleware (plugins)‣ Apps

8.
How will that help me?‣ Flexibility‣ Middleware (plugins)‣ Apps‣ Development

9.
How will that help me?‣ Flexibility‣ Middleware (plugins)‣ Apps‣ Development‣ Testing

10.
How will that help me?‣ Flexibility‣ Middleware (plugins)‣ Apps‣ Development‣ Testing‣ Deployment

11.
How will that help me?‣ Flexibility‣ Middleware (plugins)‣ Apps‣ Development‣ Testing‣ Deployment‣ World peace

12.
How will that help me?‣ Flexibility‣ Middleware (plugins)‣ Apps‣ Development‣ Testing‣ Deployment‣ World peace

13.
History...

14.
Hello World

15.
#!/usr/bin/perluse strict;print “Content-Type: text/plainrnrn”;print “Hello World”;

16.
package HelloWorld;use strict;use Apache::RequestRec;use Apache::RequestIO;use Apache::Const -compile => qw(OK);sub handler { my $r = shift; $r->content_type(‘text/plain’); $r->print(“Hello World”); return Apache::Const::OK;}1;

17.
use FCGI;my $req = FCGI::Request();while ($req->Accept >= 0) { print “Content-Type: text/plainrnrn”; print “Hello World”;}

18.
package HelloWorld;use base qw(HTTP::Server::Simple::CGI);sub handle_request { my($self, $cgi) = @_; print “HTTP/1.0 200 OKrn”; print “Content-Type: text/plainrnrn”; print “Hello World”;}1;

19.
All similarbut slightly different

20.
Painful to support all of them 

21.
There wasone common way to do all of this.

22.
CGI.pm

23.
#!/usr/bin/perluse CGI;my $q = CGI->new;print $q->header(‘text/plain’);print “Hello World”;

24.
Works under... CGI FastCGI mod_perlHTTP::Server::Simple::CGI

25.
CGI.pmmod_perl CGI fastcgiApache IIS lighttpd

26.
CGI.pm?

27.
CGI.pm? meh

28.
Frameworksto the rescue!

29.
Catalyst Maypole Mason Mojo Sledge Spoon PageKit AxKit Egg Gantry Continuity Solstice Mojolicious Tripletail Konstrukt Reaction Jifty Cyclone3 WebGUI OpenInteract Squatting Dancer CGI::Application Nanoa Ark Angelos Noe Schenker Tatsumaki AmonApache2::WebApp Web::Simple Apache2::REST SweetPea Hydrant Titanium

30.
Let’s look how theyhandled web servers.

31.
CGI.pmmod_perl CGI fastcgiApache IIS lighttpd

32.
CGI::ApplicationApache IIS lighttpd

33.
CGI::Application CGI.pmApache IIS lighttpd

34.
CGI::Application CGI.pm mod_perl CGI fastcgiApache IIS lighttpd

35.
CGI::Application Jifty CGI.pm mod_perl CGI fastcgiApache IIS lighttpd

36.
CGI::Application Jifty Catalyst CGI.pm mod_perl CGI fastcgiApache IIS lighttpd

37.
CGI::Application Jifty Catalyst CGI.pm Catalyst::Engine mod_perl CGI fastcgiApache IIS lighttpd

38.
CGI::Application Jifty Catalyst CGI.pm Catalyst::Engine mod_perl CGI fastcgiApache IIS lighttpd nginx

39.
CGI::Application Jifty Catalyst CGI.pm Catalyst::Engine mod_perl CGI fastcgiHTTP::Server ::Simple Apache IIS lighttpd nginx

40.
Mason CGI::Application Jifty Catalyst CGI.pm Catalyst::Engine mod_perl CGI fastcgiHTTP::Server ::Simple Apache IIS lighttpd nginx

41.
Mason CGI::Application Jifty CatalystMason::CGIHandler CGI.pm Catalyst::Engine mod_perl CGI fastcgi HTTP::Server ::Simple Apache IIS lighttpd nginx

42.
Gross.

43.
CGI.pm Jifty, CGI::Application, Spoonmod_perl centricMason, Sledge, PageKit, WebGUI Adapters Catalyst, Maypole, Squatting

44.
That was 2008...

45.
Gentleman thief & Double agentMiyagawa

46.
Acquired a great idea from Python/Ruby

47.
WSGI (Python) Rack (Ruby)

48.
WSGI (PEP-333)

49.
WSGI Python Frameworks • Django • mod_wsgi • Bottle • Paste • CherryPy • gunicorn • Tornado • uWSGI • Pylons • wsgiref • Flask • Google AppEngine

50.
Django Bottle Flask Tornado WSGI middleware WSGI wsgi handlersApache lighttpd nginx mod_wsgi GAE

51.
Rack

52.
Rack Ruby Frameworks• Rails • Unicorn• Merb • Thin• Sinatra • Mongrel• Camping • Rainbows!• Ramaze • Phusion Passenger• etc. • Heroku

53.
Rails Merb Sinatra Ramaze Rack middleware Rack Rack handlersApache lighttpd Thin Unicorn Mongrel

54.
Perl ?

55.
PSGI Perl ?Perl Web Server Gateway Interface

56.
Interface

57.
Interface

58.
InterfacePSGI != Plack

59.
PSGI application code reference $app = sub {...};

60.
# PSGI Hello Worldmy $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ 200, [ ‘Content-Type’, ‘text/plain’ ], [ ‘Hello World’ ], ];};

61.
my $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ $status, $header, $body ];}; CGI-like environment variables + psgi.input, psgi.errors etc.

62.
my $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ $status, $header, $body ];}; HTTP status code (int.): 200, 404 etc.

63.
my $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ $status, $header, $body ];}; Array reference of header pairs: [ ‘Content-Type’, ‘text/html’, ... ]

64.
my $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ $status, $header, $body ];}; String, array reference of content chunks, Filehandle or IO::Handle-ish object

65.
That’s it.(There’s a callback based streaming interface as well)

66.
# PSGImy $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ 200, [ ‘Content-Type’, ‘text/plain’ ], [ ‘Hello World’ ], ];};

67.
Now you’ve gota PSGI compatible application.

68.
Mason CGI::App Jifty CatalystMason::CGIHandler CGI.pm Catalyst::Engine mod_perl CGI fastcgi HTTP::Server ::Simple Apache IIS lighttpd nginx

69.
Catalyst CGI::App Jifty Mason 2 Plack::Middleware PSGI Compatible App Plack::Handler::* (CGI, FCGI, Apache)Apache lighttpd HTTP::Server::PSGI mod_psgi Perlbal

70.
Catalyst CGI::App Jifty Mason 2 Plack::Middleware PSGI Compatible App Plack::Handler::* (CGI, FCGI, Apache)Apache lighttpd HTTP::Server::PSGI mod_psgi Perlbal other PSGI Webservers

71.
Web Servers

72.
Plack::HandlerConnects PSGI compatible apps to Web servers...

73.
FCGIPlack::Handler::FCGI

74.
ApachePlack::Handler::Apache1Plack::Handler::Apache2

75.
StarmanUNIX Preforking HTTP servers (like Unicorn.rb) HTTP/1.1 chunk + keep-alives / Very Fast

76.
HTTP::Server::Simple::PSGI Zero-deps other than HTTP::Server::Simple Best for embedding PSGI applications

77.
Twiggy Non-blocking web server (like Thin.rb) based on AnyEvent framework Starlet Simpler UNIX HTTP/1.0 ServerBest used with Server::Starter and nginx/lighttpd

78.
Perlbal pluginhttp://github.com/miyagawa/Perlbal-Plugin-PSGI

79.
nginx embedded perl http://github.com/yappo/nginx-psgi-patchs

80.
mod_psgihttp://github.com/spiritloose/mod_psgi Apache2

81.
Corona uWSGICoroutine for each connection http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/ based on Coro.pm Feersum evpsgihttp://github.com/stash/Feersum http://github.com/sekimura/evpsgi Gepok http://metacpan/module/Gepok Pure Perl standalone HTTPS First released July 2011

82.
Frameworks Apps Your own code Plack::Middleware PSGI Plack::Handler::* (CGI, FCGI, Apache)

83.
Frameworks Apps Your own code Plack::Middleware PSGI Plack::Handler::* (CGI, FCGI, Apache)Apache lighttpd HTTP::Server::PSGI mod_psgi PerlbalStarman Twiggy uWSGI Corona etc, etc

84.
25+ Plack::Handlers

85.
Adoption?

86.
Plack::Middleware PSGI Compatible App Plack::Handler::* (CGI, FCGI, Apache)Apache lighttpd HTTP::Server::PSGI mod_psgi PerlbalStarman Twiggy uWSGI Corona etc

87.
? Plack::Middleware PSGI Compatible App Plack::Handler::* (CGI, FCGI, Apache)Apache lighttpd HTTP::Server::PSGI mod_psgi PerlbalStarman Twiggy uWSGI Corona etc

88.
Catalyst Maypole Mason Mojo Sledge Spoon PageKit AxKit Egg Gantry Continuity Solstice MojoliciousTripletail Konstrukt Reaction Jifty Cyclone3 WebGUI OpenInteract Squatting Dancer CGI::Application Nanoa Ark Angelos Noe Schenker Tatsumaki Amon Apache2::WebApp Web::Simple Apache2::REST SweetPea Hydrant Titanium

89.
Catalyst Maypole Mason Mojo Sledge Spoon PageKit AxKit Egg Gantry Continuity Solstice MojoliciousTripletail Konstrukt Reaction Jifty Cyclone3 WebGUI OpenInteract Squatting Dancer CGI::Application Nanoa Ark Angelos Noe Schenker Tatsumaki Amon Apache2::WebApp Web::Simple Apache2::REST SweetPea Hydrant Titanium

90.
PSGI Perl Frameworks• Amon • Hydrant • Schenker• Angelos • Jifty • Sledge• Ark • Mason • Squatting• Catalyst • Maypole • Tatsumaki• CGI::Application • Mojo • Titanium• Continuity • Mojolicious • Web::Simple• Dancer • Noe

91.
Applications Movable Type 6 WebGUI 8 RT4 ACT (conference toolkit)Bricolage (if someone gets time)

92.
Plack::Middleware PSGI Compatible App Plack::Handler::* (CGI, FCGI, Apache)Apache lighttpd HTTP::Server::PSGI mod_psgi PerlbalStarman Twiggy uWSGI Corona evpsgi

93.
Catalyst CGI::App Jifty Tatsumaki Dancer Mojoliscious MT6 Mason 2 Web::Simple WebGui 8 Mojo etc... Plack::Middleware PSGI Compatible App Plack::Handler::* (CGI, FCGI, Apache)Apache lighttpd HTTP::Server::PSGI mod_psgi PerlbalStarman Twiggy uWSGI Corona evpsgi

94.
PSGI from a framework

95.
use Dancer;get ‘/’ => sub { “Hello World”;};dance;

96.
use Mojolicious::Lite;get ‘/:name’ => sub { my $self = shift; $self->render_text(‘Hello!’);};app->start;

97.
use My::Jifty::App;my $app = My::Jifty::App->psgi_app;

98.
use Web::Simple ‘MyApp’;package MyApp;dispatch { sub(GET) { [ 200, [...], [ ‘Hello’ ] ]; }};my $app = MyApp->as_psgi;

99.
use My::Catalyst::App;My::Catalyst::App->setup_engine(‘PSGI’);my $app = sub { My::Catalyst::App->run(@_) };

100.
catalyst.pl My::Catalyst::App

101.
Plack“PSGI implementation & toolkit”

102.
Plack toolkit

103.
Plack toolkitPlack::Handlers Connect PSGI apps and Web Servers

104.
Plack toolkitPlack::Handlers Connect PSGI apps and Web Servers plackup Command line launcher

105.
Plack toolkitPlack::Handlers Connect PSGI apps and Web Servers plackup Command line launcherPlack::Loader (auto)load Plack Servers

106.
Plack toolkit Plack::Handlers Connect PSGI apps and Web Servers plackup Command line launcher Plack::Loader (auto)load Plack ServersPlack::Middleware Easy-to-use PSGI Middleware

107.
Plack toolkit Plack::Handlers Connect PSGI apps and Web Servers plackup Command line launcher Plack::Loader (auto)load Plack ServersPlack::Middleware Easy-to-use PSGI Middleware Plack::Builder OO & DSL to enable Middleware

108.
Plack toolkit Plack::Handlers Connect PSGI apps and Web Servers plackup Command line launcher Plack::Loader (auto)load Plack ServersPlack::Middleware Easy-to-use PSGI Middleware Plack::Builder OO & DSL to enable Middleware Plack::Apps Apps

109.
Plack toolkit Plack::Handlers Connect PSGI apps and Web Servers plackup Command line launcher Plack::Loader (auto)load Plack ServersPlack::Middleware Easy-to-use PSGI Middleware Plack::Builder OO & DSL to enable Middleware Plack::Apps Apps Plack::Test Testing

110.
plackupRuns PSGI app instantly from CLI (inspired by rackup)

111.
> plackup app.psgi

112.
> plackup app.psgiHTTP::Server::PSGI: Acceptingconnections at http://0:5000/

113.
HTTP::Server::PSGI Reference PSGI web server bundled in Plack Standalone, single-process HTTP server great for development and testing

114.
Plack::Middleware (160+ modules - July 2011)

115.
Middleware Debug, Session, Logger, Static, Lint,AccessLog, ErrorDocument, StackTrace, Auth::Basic, Auth::Digest, ReverseProxy, Refresh, Auth::OAuth, Throttle....

116.
Chunked Class::Refresh Compile Conditional ConditionalGETConsoleLogger ContentLength ContentMD5 CrossOriginCSRFBlock Dancer::Debug DBIC::QueryLog DebugDebug::CatalystPluginCache Debug::DBIC::QueryLogDebug::DBIProfile Debug::Profiler::NYTProf Debug::W3CValidateDeflater DoCoMoGUID Doorman ErrorDocument ESI ETagExpires File::Sass Firebug::Lite FirePHP ForceEnv Head HeaderHTMLify HTMLMinify HTTPExceptions IEnosniff IIS6ScriptNameFixImage::Scale Inline InteractiveDebugger IPAddressFilter iPhoneJavaScript::Ectype JSConcat JSONP LighttpdScriptNameFix LintLog::Contextual Log::Minimal Log4perl LogDispatch LogWarnMethodOverride Mirror NeverExpire NoDeflate NoMultipleSlashesNullLogger Options OptionsOK Precompressed ProxyMapRearrangeHeaders Recursive RefererCheck Refresh REPL ReproxyReverseProxy Rewrite Runtime Scope::Container Scope::SessionServerStatus::Lite Session Session::SerializedCookie SetAcceptSimpleContentFilter SimpleLogger SizeLimit SocketIO SSIStackTrace Static Static::Minifier StaticShared StatusTest::StashWarnings Throttle TMT UseChromeFrame Watermark

117.
Plack Middleware Wraps a PSGI applicationto add pre/post processing

118.
Logging

119.
LoggingStatus code redirect

120.
LoggingStatus code redirectError Handler

121.
LoggingStatus code redirectError HandlerCache Middleware

122.
LoggingStatus code redirectError HandlerCache MiddlewareSession Middleware

123.
LoggingStatus code redirectError HandlerCache MiddlewareSession MiddlewareRoutes Middleware

124.
LoggingStatus code redirectError HandlerCache MiddlewareSession MiddlewareRoutes MiddlewareYour App

125.
Plack::Middleware::A Plack::Middleware::B PSGI Compatible App

126.
Plack::Middleware::A Plack::Middleware::B PSGI Compatible AppRequest in

127.
Plack::Middleware::A Plack::Middleware::B PSGI Compatible AppRequest in P::MW::A

128.
Plack::Middleware::A Plack::Middleware::B PSGI Compatible AppRequest in P::MW::A P::MW::B

129.
Plack::Middleware::A Plack::Middleware::B PSGI Compatible AppRequest in P::MW::A P::MW::B PSGI App

130.
Plack::Middleware::A Plack::Middleware::B PSGI Compatible AppRequest in P::MW::A P::MW::B P::MW::B PSGI App

131.
Plack::Middleware::A Plack::Middleware::B PSGI Compatible AppRequest in P::MW::A P::MW::A P::MW::B P::MW::B PSGI App

132.
Plack::Middleware::A Plack::Middleware::B PSGI Compatible AppRequest in Response out P::MW::A P::MW::A P::MW::B P::MW::B PSGI App

133.
Plack::Middleware::A Plack::Middleware::B PSGI Compatible AppRequest in e.g. Redirect Response out P::MW::A P::MW::A P::MW::B P::MW::B PSGI App

134.
Plack::Middleware::A Plack::Middleware::B PSGI Compatible AppRequest in e.g. Redirect Response out P::MW::A P::MW::A e.g. Static P::MW::B P::MW::B PSGI App

135.
EnablingPlack::Middleware reusable and extensible Middleware framework Plack::Builder DSL in .psgi

136.
my $app = sub { return [ $status, $header, $body ];};use Plack::Builder;return builder { enable “A”; enable “B”; $app;}

137.
my $app = sub { return [ $status, $header, $body ];};use Plack::Builder;return builder { enable “A”; enable “B”; $app;}

138.
my $app = sub { return [ $status, $header, $body ];};use Plack::Builder;return builder { enable “A”; enable “B”; $app;}

139.
my $app = sub { return [ $status, $header, $body ];};use Plack::Builder;return builder { enable “A”; enable “B”; $app;}

140.
my $app = sub { return [ $status, $header, $body ];};use Plack::Builder;return builder { enable “A”; # Plack::Middleware::A enable “B”; # Order matters $app;}

141.
my $app = sub { return [ $status, $header, $body ];};use Plack::Builder;return builder { enable “A”; enable “B”; $app;}

142.
my $app = sub { return [ $status, $header, $body ];};use Plack::Builder;return builder { enable “Static”, root => “/htdocs”, path => qr!^/static/!; enable “Deflater”; $app;}

143.
my $app = sub { return [ $status, $header, $body ];};use Plack::Builder;return builder { enable “Static”, root => “/htdocs”, path => qr!^/static/!; enable “Deflater”; $app;}

144.
my $app = sub { return [ $status, $header, $body ];};use Plack::Builder;return builder { enable “Static”, root => “/htdocs”, path => qr!^/static/!; enable “Deflater”; # gzip/deflate $app;}

145.
my $app = sub { return [ $status, $header, $body ];};use Plack::Builder;return builder { enable “Static”, root => “/htdocs”, path => qr!^/static/!; enable “Deflater”; $app;}

146.
Plack::Middleware::Static Plack::Middleware::Deflate PSGI Compatible App

147.
Plack::Middleware::Static Plack::Middleware::Deflate PSGI Compatible AppRequest in

148.
Plack::Middleware::Static Plack::Middleware::Deflate PSGI Compatible AppRequest in Static

149.
Plack::Middleware::Static Plack::Middleware::Deflate PSGI Compatible AppRequest in Response out =~ ^/static Static

150.
Plack::Middleware::Static Plack::Middleware::Deflate PSGI Compatible AppRequest in Response out =~ ^/static Static -

151.
Plack::Middleware::Static Plack::Middleware::Deflate PSGI Compatible AppRequest in Response out =~ ^/static Static - PSGI App

152.
Plack::Middleware::Static Plack::Middleware::Deflate PSGI Compatible AppRequest in Response out =~ ^/static Static - Deflate compresses PSGI App

153.
Plack::Middleware::Static Plack::Middleware::Deflate PSGI Compatible AppRequest in Response out =~ ^/static Static - - Deflate compresses PSGI App

154.
Plack::Middleware::Static Plack::Middleware::Deflate PSGI Compatible AppRequest in Response out =~ ^/static Static - - Deflate compresses PSGI App

155.
plackup compatibleplackup -e ‘enable “Foo”;’ app.psgi

156.
MiddlewareWrite once, run in every framework

157.
A few demos..

158.
Assume...use Plack::Builder;my $body = ‘<html><body>Hello World</body></html>’;my $app = sub { my $self = shift; return [200, [Content-Type => text/html], [ $body ]];};

159.
Assume...use Plack::Builder;my $body = ‘<html><body>Hello World</body></html>’;my $app = sub { my $self = shift; return [200, [Content-Type => text/html], [ $body ]];};

160.
Assume...use Plack::Builder;my $body = ‘<html><body>Hello World</body></html>’;my $app = sub { my $self = shift; return [200, [Content-Type => text/html], [ $body ]];};

161.
Debugger

162.
return builder { # Precious debug info. Right on your page! enable Debug; $app;}

163.
InteractiveDebugger

164.
my $app = sub { my $foo = bar; die "oops" if $foo eq bar; [200, [Content-Type => text/html], [ $body ]];};return builder { # Enable Interactive debugging enable "InteractiveDebugger"; $app;}

165.
my $app = sub { my $foo = bar; die "oops" if $foo eq bar; [200, [Content-Type => text/html], [ $body ]];};return builder { # Enable Interactive debugging enable "InteractiveDebugger"; $app;}

166.
my $app = sub { my $foo = bar; die "oops" if $foo eq bar; [200, [Content-Type => text/html], [ $body ]];};return builder { # Enable Interactive debugging enable "InteractiveDebugger"; $app;}

167.
NYTProf - profiler

168.
First rule of Program Optimisation

169.
Don’t do it!

170.
Second rule of Program Optimisation (for experts only)

171.
Don’t do it - yet!

172.
return builder { enable Debug, panels => [ [ Profiler::NYTProf ] ]; $app;};

173.
ServerStatus::Lite

174.
use Plack::Builder;return builder { enable "ServerStatus::Lite", path => /server-status, allow => [ 127.0.0.1], scoreboard => /tmp/score; $app;}

175.
SizeLimit

176.
use Plack::Builder;return builder { enable "SizeLimit", max_unshared_size_in_kb => 3000, check_every_n_requests => 5; $app;}

177.
Plack::App::*ready-to-use applications

178.
Apache::ActionWrapper CGIBin CascadeCocProxy DAV Directory Directory::XslateFCGIDispatcher File ImageMagick JSP PSGIBinPath::Router ProxyProxy::Backend::AnyEvent::HTTPProxy::Backend::LWP Proxy::Selective Proxy::TestURLMap WrapApacheReqWrapApacheReq::FakeRequest WrapCGI

179.
Plack::App::CGIBinmount /cgi-bin as PSGI applications

180.
CGI::PSGIEasy migration from CGI.pm

181.
Plack::App::Directory Static content file server

182.
Plack::App::Proxy (non-blocking) proxy serverCan be used as reverse proxy as well

183.
Plack::App::JSPRuns JavaScript PSGI apps :)

184.
# app.psgi - Javascript!Plack::App::JSP->new( js => q{ function respond(body) { return [ 200, [ Content-type, text/html ], [ body ] ] } respond("Five factorial is " + (function(x) { if ( x<2 ) return x; return x * arguments.callee(x - 1); })(5) );});

185.
# app.psgi - Javascript!Plack::App::JSP->new( js => q{ function respond(body) { return [ 200, [ Content-type, text/html ], [ body ] ] } respond("Five factorial is " + (function(x) { if ( x<2 ) return x; return x * arguments.callee(x - 1); })(5) );});

186.
Plack::App::URLMap Multiplex multiple apps Integrated with Builder DSL

187.
use CatApp;use CGIApp;my $c1 = sub { CatApp->run };my $c2 = sub { CGIApp->run_psgi };use Plack::Builder;return builder { mount “/cat” => $c1; mount “/cgi-app” => builder { enable “StackTrace”; $c2; };}

188.
use CatApp;use CGIApp;my $c1 = sub { CatApp->run };my $c2 = sub { CGIApp->run_psgi };use Plack::Builder;return builder { mount “/cat” => $c1; mount “/cgi-app” => builder { enable “StackTrace”; $c2; };}

189.
use CatApp;use CGIApp;my $c1 = sub { CatApp->run };my $c2 = sub { CGIApp->run_psgi };use Plack::Builder;return builder { mount “/cat” => $c1; mount “/cgi-app” => builder { enable “StackTrace”; $c2; };}

190.
Some more demos...

191.
Basic website

192.
TemplateToolkit + Static

193.
my $root = /path/to/html_doc_root;my $app = Plack::Middleware::TemplateToolkit->new( INCLUDE_PATH => root,)->to_app;return builder { enable Static, path => qr{.[gif|png|jpg|swf|ico|mov|mp3|pdf|js|css]$}, root => $root; $app;}

194.
my $root = /path/to/html_doc_root;my $app = Plack::Middleware::TemplateToolkit->new( INCLUDE_PATH => root,)->to_app;return builder { enable Static, path => qr{.[gif|png|jpg|swf|ico|mov|mp3|pdf|js|css]$}, root => $root; $app;}

195.
my $root = /path/to/html_doc_root;my $app = Plack::Middleware::TemplateToolkit->new( INCLUDE_PATH => root,)->to_app;return builder { enable Static, path => qr{.[gif|png|jpg|swf|ico|mov|mp3|pdf|js|css]$}, root => $root; $app;}

196.
my $root = /path/to/html_doc_root;my $app = Plack::Middleware::TemplateToolkit->new( INCLUDE_PATH => root,)->to_app;return builder { enable Static, path => qr{.[gif|png|jpg|swf|ico|mov|mp3|pdf|js|css]$}, root => $root; $app;}

197.
my $root = /path/to/html_doc_root;my $app = Plack::Middleware::TemplateToolkit->new( INCLUDE_PATH => root,)->to_app;return builder { enable Static, path => qr{.[gif|png|jpg|swf|ico|mov|mp3|pdf|js|css]$}, root => $root; $app;}

198.
Creating utilities

199.
Caching Proxy

200.
Website

201.
WebsiteDeveloping code

202.
WebsiteDeveloping code

203.
Slow website WebsiteDeveloping code

204.
Slow websiteDeveloping code

205.
Slow website Caching ProxyDeveloping code

206.
use Plack::Middleware::Cache;use Plack::App::Proxy;my $app = Plack::App::Proxy->new( remote => "http://london.pm.org/" )->to_app;return builder { enable "Cache", match_url => ^/.*, # everything cache_dir => /tmp/plack-cache; $app;};

207.
use Plack::Middleware::Cache;use Plack::App::Proxy;my $app = Plack::App::Proxy->new( remote => "http://london.pm.org/" )->to_app;return builder { enable "Cache", match_url => ^/.*, # everything cache_dir => /tmp/plack-cache; $app;};

208.
use Plack::Middleware::Cache;use Plack::App::Proxy;my $app = Plack::App::Proxy->new( remote => "http://london.pm.org/" )->to_app;return builder { enable "Cache", match_url => ^/.*, # everything cache_dir => /tmp/plack-cache; $app;};

209.
use LWP::Simple;my $content = get(‘http://localhost:5000/’);

210.
Caching Proxy + Domain hijack

211.
use LWP::Simple;my $content = get(‘http://localhost:5000/’);

212.
use LWP::Simple;my $content = get(‘http://london.pm.org/’);

213.
my $app = Plack::App::Proxy->new( remote => "http://london.pm.org/" )->to_app;return builder { enable "Cache", match_url => ^/.*, # everything cache_dir => /tmp/plack-cache2; $app;};

214.
my $app = Plack::App::Proxy->new( remote => "http://london.pm.org/" )->to_app;return builder { enable "Cache", match_url => ^/.*, # everything cache_dir => /tmp/plack-cache2; $app;};

215.
my $app = Plack::App::Proxy->new( remote => "http://london.pm.org/" )->to_app;$app = builder { enable "Cache", match_url => ^/.*, # everything cache_dir => /tmp/plack-cache2; $app;};

216.
# Hijack Any LWP::Useragent requestsLWP::Protocol::PSGI->register($app);use LWP::Simple;my $content = get("http://london.pm.org/");say o/ if $content =~ /London Perl Mongers/;

217.
# Hijack Any LWP::Useragent requestsLWP::Protocol::PSGI->register($app);use LWP::Simple;my $content = get("http://london.pm.org/");say o/ if $content =~ /London Perl Mongers/;

218.
# Hijack Any LWP::Useragent requestsLWP::Protocol::PSGI->register($app);use LWP::Simple;my $content = get("http://london.pm.org/");say o/ if $content =~ /London Perl Mongers/;

219.
# Hijack Any LWP::Useragent requestsLWP::Protocol::PSGI->register($app);use LWP::Simple;my $content = get("http://london.pm.org/");say o/ if $content =~ /London Perl Mongers/;

220.
Plack::TestUnified interface to write TAP tests with Mock HTTP and Live HTTP

221.
use Plack::Test;use HTTP::Request::Common;my $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ $status, $header, $body ];};test_psgi app => $app, client => sub { my $callback = shift; my $req = GET “http://localhost/foo”; my $res = $callback->($req); ok $res->[0] == ‘200’, ‘Success’; };

222.
use Plack::Test;use HTTP::Request::Common;my $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ $status, $header, $body ];};test_psgi app => $app, client => sub { my $callback = shift; my $req = GET “http://localhost/foo”; my $res = $callback->($req); ok $res->[0] == ‘200’, ‘Success’; };

223.
use Plack::Test;use HTTP::Request::Common;my $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ $status, $header, $body ];};test_psgi app => $app, client => sub { my $callback = shift; my $req = GET “http://localhost/foo”; my $res = $callback->($req); ok $res->[0] == ‘200’, ‘Success’; };

224.
use Plack::Test;use HTTP::Request::Common;my $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ $status, $header, $body ];};test_psgi app => $app, client => sub { my $callback = shift; my $req = GET “http://localhost/foo”; my $res = $callback->($req); ok $res->[0] == ‘200’, ‘Success’; };

225.
use Plack::Test;use HTTP::Request::Common;my $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ $status, $header, $body ];};test_psgi app => $app, client => sub { my $callback = shift; my $req = GET “http://localhost/foo”; my $res = $callback->($req); ok $res->[0] == ‘200’, ‘Success’; };

226.
use Plack::Test;use HTTP::Request::Common;my $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ $status, $header, $body ];};test_psgi app => $app, client => sub { my $callback = shift; my $req = GET “http://localhost/foo”; my $res = $callback->($req); ok $res->[0] == ‘200’, ‘Success’; };

227.
use Plack::Test;use HTTP::Request::Common;my $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ $status, $header, $body ];};test_psgi app => $app, client => sub { my $callback = shift; my $req = GET “http://localhost/foo”; my $res = $callback->($req); ok $res->[0] == ‘200’, ‘Success’; };

228.
use Plack::Test;use HTTP::Request::Common;my $app = sub { my $env = shift; return [ $status, $header, $body ];};test_psgi app => $app, client => sub { my $callback = shift; my $req = GET “http://localhost/foo”; my $res = $callback->($req); ok $res->[0] == ‘200’, ‘Success’; };

229.
Test::WWW::Mechanize::PSGI

230.
use Test::WWW::Mechanize::PSGI; my $mech = Test::WWW::Mechanize::PSGI->new( app => $app, );$mech->get_ok(/);

231.
use Test::WWW::Mechanize::PSGI; my $mech = Test::WWW::Mechanize::PSGI->new( app => $app, );$mech->get_ok(/);

232.
Testing your full configuration!

233.
Network setup tip

234.
Use a reverse proxy

235.
Use a reverse proxy• Sits in front of servers, not clients - “reverse”

236.
Use a reverse proxy• Sits in front of servers, not clients - “reverse”• Makes servers more efficient

237.
Use a reverse proxy• Sits in front of servers, not clients - “reverse”• Makes servers more efficient• Add HTTPS easily

238.
Use a reverse proxy• Sits in front of servers, not clients - “reverse”• Makes servers more efficient• Add HTTPS easily• Makes scaling easier

239.
Internet / UsersWebserver App

240.
Internet / UsersWebserver App

241.
Internet / UsersWebserver App

242.
Internet / UsersWebserver App

243.
Internet / Users Reverse Proxy NGINX Perlbal PoundWebserver App

244.
Internet / Users Reverse Proxy NGINX Perlbal PoundWebserver App

245.
Internet / Users Reverse Proxy NGINX Perlbal PoundWebserver App

246.
Internet / Users Reverse Proxy NGINX Perlbal PoundWebserver App

247.
Internet / Users Reverse Proxy NGINX Perlbal PoundWebserver App

248.
Reverse ProxyNGINX Perlbal Pound Server

249.
Reverse Proxy NGINX Perlbal PoundServer 1 Server 2

250.
Reverse Proxy NGINX Perlbal PoundServer 1 Server 3 Server 2

251.
Reverse Proxy NGINX Perlbal PoundServer 1 Server 3 Server 2

252.
Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy Updates $env->{REMOTE_ADDRESS}

253.
Why use Plack?

254.
Why use Plack?‣ Flexibility‣ Middleware‣ Apps‣ Development‣ Testing‣ Deployment

255.
Flexibility Plack::Handler::* (CGI, FCGI, Apache)Apache lighttpd HTTP::Server::PSGI mod_psgi PerlbalStarman Twiggy uWSGI Corona etc

256.
Flexibility• Easy to change webserver (25+!) Plack::Handler::* (CGI, FCGI, Apache) Apache lighttpd HTTP::Server::PSGI mod_psgi Perlbal Starman Twiggy uWSGI Corona etc

257.
Flexibility• Easy to change webserver (25+!) Plack::Handler::* (CGI, FCGI, Apache) Apache lighttpd HTTP::Server::PSGI mod_psgi Perlbal Starman Twiggy uWSGI Corona etc• Starman seems to be used most

258.
Middleware

259.
Middleware• Easy to reuse with any PSGI app

260.
Middleware• Easy to reuse with any PSGI app• Many tools to make your life easy

261.
Middleware• Easy to reuse with any PSGI app• Many tools to make your life easy• 160+ on CPAN now

262.
App

263.
App• URLMapping / Routing

264.
App• URLMapping / Routing• Static files

265.
App• URLMapping / Routing• Static files• Proxying

266.
Development

267.
Development• plackup

268.
Development• plackup• Restarter (monitor changes on disk)

269.
Development• plackup• Restarter (monitor changes on disk)• HTTP::Server::PSGI

270.
Development• plackup• Restarter (monitor changes on disk)• HTTP::Server::PSGI• Debugging middleware

271.
Development• plackup• Restarter (monitor changes on disk)• HTTP::Server::PSGI• Debugging middleware• Profiler

272.
Testing

273.
Testing• Testing your full configuration

274.
Testing• Testing your full configuration• Test::WWW::Mechanize::PSGI

275.
Testing• Testing your full configuration• Test::WWW::Mechanize::PSGI• Plack::Test

276.
Deployment

277.
Deployment• No separate configuration files

278.
Deployment• No separate configuration files• Easy to choose/change webserver

279.
Deployment• No separate configuration files• Easy to choose/change webserver• DotCloud etc - cloud deployment

280.
Summary

281.
Summary✦ PSGI is an interface, Plack is the code.

282.
Summary✦ PSGI is an interface, Plack is the code.✦ Many fast PSGI servers.

283.
Summary✦ PSGI is an interface, Plack is the code.✦ Many fast PSGI servers.✦ Adapters and tools for frameworks and webservers.

284.
Summary✦ PSGI is an interface, Plack is the code.✦ Many fast PSGI servers.✦ Adapters and tools for frameworks and webservers.✦ An amazing amount of middleware

285.
Summary✦ PSGI is an interface, Plack is the code.✦ Many fast PSGI servers.✦ Adapters and tools for frameworks and webservers.✦ An amazing amount of middleware✦ Used in many production systems

286.
Use Plack

287.
Thank you!Slides: http://slideshare.net/ranguard http://plackperl.org/ irc://irc.perl.org/#plack