1.
Getting Parking Right
Presented by Lisa Jacobson
Rail~Volution | Minneapolis | September 2014

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Parking Wastes Money
Thank you, Don Shoup!

3.
Parking Wastes Land

If you require more than 3 spaces per 1,000 sq ft, you’re requiring more parking than land use
3

4.
Parking Space
10’ x 20’ = 200 ft2
Bedroom 9’ x 11’ = 99 ft2
Office Cubicle
8’ x 9’ = 72 ft2
Restaurant Table
5’ x 5’ = 25 ft2
Tensions

5.
Sources: “A Heavy Load: The Combined Housing and Transportation Burdens of Working Families,” Center for Neighborhood Technology, 2006. “The Affordability Index: A New Tool for Measuring the True Affordability of a Housing Choice,” Center for Neighborhood Technology, 2008. Sedway Cook studies of parking and housing costs in San Francisco and Oakland.
Parking Worsens Housing Affordability
•
For each parking space required in a residential unit:
–
Price of unit increases 15- 30%
–
Number of units that can be built on typical parcel decreases 15-25%
•
Fannie Mae: Getting rid of a car = extra $100,000 in mortgage
•
At >300 sq ft, each parking space consumes more space than an efficiency apartment
6

6.
7
Stop competing with parking
Montgomery County Planning Department

7.
8
Start competing with place

8.
Parking will Drive you Crazy

9.
So what do we do? 10 Key Principles for Smarter Parking

10.
1. Focus on Availability
Methodological approach:

Not turnover. Turnover Availability
11

11.
2. Pricing not Time Limits
Put your customers first.
12

12.
3. Set the Right Price
On-Street:
$0.50/hr.
Harbor Garage:
$1.50/hr.

13.
… and the Right Time Span

14.
4. Smart Technology

15.
- 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800
5. Use Resources Efficiently
Time of Day
Spaces Used

16.
- 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800
Office (150k SF):
Real Demand
Unshared Supply
2pm

17.
- 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800
Restaurant (150k SF): Real Demand
12pm
Unshared Supply

18.
- 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800
Residential (150k SF/1000 units): Real Demand
2 am
Unshared Supply

19.
- 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800
Unshared Supply
31% Less
Mixed Use  Shared Parking
Shared

20.
6. Invest Revenue 21

21.
Impact on Sales Tax Revenue 25
Pasadena Retail Sales Tax Revenue$0$500,000$1,000,000$1,500,000$2,000,000$2,500,000198919911993199519971999Year Sales Tax Revenue Old PasadenaPlayhouse DistrictPlaza PasadenaSouth Lake

22.
7. Parking for People

23.
27

24.
8. Eliminate Minimum Parking Requirements
Adam Millard-Ball, NelsonNygaard

25.
Tailor Parking Requirements

Parking demand varies with geographic factors:
–
Density
–
Transit Access
–
Income
–
Household size

Cities can tailor parking requirements to meet demand, based on these factors

Does not seek to constrain demand

26.
9. Create Great Places to Walk 30

27.
Medford Garage | Chevalier Access: High/Forest Streetfront
Source: Utile, Inc.,
Medford, MA

28.
Medford Garage | Existing Site
Source: Utile, Inc.
73
spaces

29.
Medford Garage | Garage View: Full Site Source: Utile, Inc.
238
spaces

30.
LOCATION BASED PARKING OCCUPANCY

31.
West Square
570 Parking Spaces
East Square 750 Parking Spaces

32.
Medford Garage | Chevalier Access: High/Forest Streetfront Source: Utile, Inc.,
Medford, MA
West Square
East Square

33.
PEDESTRIAN LEVEL-OF-SERVICE
MAXIMUM Pedestrian Delay
A
B
C
D
E
F
Seconds
Likelihood of Noncompliance
<10
Low
10-20
21-30
Moderate
31-40
41-60
High
>60
Very High

34.
Melrose, MA
Medford, MA

35.
Melrose, MA
Medford, MA

36.
PROPOSED DESIGN
NEW DELAY
5-MINUTE WALKING AREA

37.

$7.5 M for 165 spaces
or
$1.5 M for 90 spaces and improved public space
Medford, MA

38.
Source: WMATA May 2002 weekday Metrorail ridership and access data
Arlington’s 5 Stations:
39,500 daily boardings
12.9%
Auto (incl. Drop-
off)
73.0%
2.0%
7.5%
3.6%
1.0%
Walk
Metrobus
Bus/Vanpool
Other
Fairfax’s 5 Stations:
29,250 daily boardings
Auto
14.6%
9.3%
4.8%
57.6%
12.0%
1.7%
Walk
Metrobus
Other Bus/Vanpool
Auto (incl. drop-off)
Other
No Response/Unknown
10. More Parking ≠ More Ridership

39.
6:00 8:00 10:00 12:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00 10:00
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Parking lot fills
Unmanaged parking
Managed parking
TOD Station
Smart Rail Station Parking: Efficiency

40.
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
Boardings
Occupied
MBTA Commuter Rail: Park & Ride Stations
Average of 1.9 boardings per parked car

41.
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
Boardings
Occupied
MBTA Commuter Rail: Village Settings
Average of 4.7 boardings per parked car

42.
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
Boardings
Occupied
MBTA Commuter Rail: Downtowns
Average of 6.6 boardings per parked car

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CHANGE?! NO WAY! 47

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NELSONNYGAARD CONSULTING ASSOCIATES © 2013
Lisa Jacobson
77 Franklin St, 10th Floor
Boston, MA 02110
(617) 521-9404
ljacobson@nelsonnygaard.com