RV 2014: Parking De-Mystified

1. Getting Parking Right Presented by Lisa Jacobson Rail~Volution | Minneapolis | September 2014

2. $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 Parking Wastes Money Thank you, Don Shoup!

3. Parking Wastes Land  If you require more than 3 spaces per 1,000 sq ft, you’re requiring more parking than land use 3

4. Parking Space 10’ x 20’ = 200 ft2 Bedroom 9’ x 11’ = 99 ft2 Office Cubicle 8’ x 9’ = 72 ft2 Restaurant Table 5’ x 5’ = 25 ft2 Tensions

5. Sources: “A Heavy Load: The Combined Housing and Transportation Burdens of Working Families,” Center for Neighborhood Technology, 2006. “The Affordability Index: A New Tool for Measuring the True Affordability of a Housing Choice,” Center for Neighborhood Technology, 2008. Sedway Cook studies of parking and housing costs in San Francisco and Oakland. Parking Worsens Housing Affordability • For each parking space required in a residential unit: – Price of unit increases 15- 30% – Number of units that can be built on typical parcel decreases 15-25% • Fannie Mae: Getting rid of a car = extra $100,000 in mortgage • At >300 sq ft, each parking space consumes more space than an efficiency apartment 6

6. 7 Stop competing with parking Montgomery County Planning Department

7. 8 Start competing with place

8. Parking will Drive you Crazy

9. So what do we do? 10 Key Principles for Smarter Parking

10. 1. Focus on Availability Methodological approach:  Not turnover. Turnover Availability 11

11. 2. Pricing not Time Limits Put your customers first. 12

12. 3. Set the Right Price On-Street: $0.50/hr. Harbor Garage: $1.50/hr.

13. … and the Right Time Span

14. 4. Smart Technology

15. - 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 5. Use Resources Efficiently Time of Day Spaces Used

16. - 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 Office (150k SF): Real Demand Unshared Supply 2pm

17. - 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 Restaurant (150k SF): Real Demand 12pm Unshared Supply

18. - 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 Residential (150k SF/1000 units): Real Demand 2 am Unshared Supply

19. - 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 Unshared Supply 31% Less Mixed Use  Shared Parking Shared

20. 6. Invest Revenue 21

21. Impact on Sales Tax Revenue 25 Pasadena Retail Sales Tax Revenue$0$500,000$1,000,000$1,500,000$2,000,000$2,500,000198919911993199519971999Year Sales Tax Revenue Old PasadenaPlayhouse DistrictPlaza PasadenaSouth Lake

22. 7. Parking for People

23. 27

24. 8. Eliminate Minimum Parking Requirements Adam Millard-Ball, NelsonNygaard

25. Tailor Parking Requirements  Parking demand varies with geographic factors: – Density – Transit Access – Income – Household size  Cities can tailor parking requirements to meet demand, based on these factors  Does not seek to constrain demand

26. 9. Create Great Places to Walk 30

27. Medford Garage | Chevalier Access: High/Forest Streetfront Source: Utile, Inc., Medford, MA

28. Medford Garage | Existing Site Source: Utile, Inc. 73 spaces

29. Medford Garage | Garage View: Full Site Source: Utile, Inc. 238 spaces

30. LOCATION BASED PARKING OCCUPANCY

31. West Square 570 Parking Spaces East Square 750 Parking Spaces

32. Medford Garage | Chevalier Access: High/Forest Streetfront Source: Utile, Inc., Medford, MA West Square East Square

33. PEDESTRIAN LEVEL-OF-SERVICE MAXIMUM Pedestrian Delay A B C D E F Seconds Likelihood of Noncompliance <10 Low 10-20 21-30 Moderate 31-40 41-60 High >60 Very High

34. Melrose, MA Medford, MA

35. Melrose, MA Medford, MA

36. PROPOSED DESIGN NEW DELAY 5-MINUTE WALKING AREA

37.  $7.5 M for 165 spaces or $1.5 M for 90 spaces and improved public space Medford, MA

38. Source: WMATA May 2002 weekday Metrorail ridership and access data Arlington’s 5 Stations: 39,500 daily boardings 12.9% Auto (incl. Drop- off) 73.0% 2.0% 7.5% 3.6% 1.0% Walk Metrobus Bus/Vanpool Other Fairfax’s 5 Stations: 29,250 daily boardings Auto 14.6% 9.3% 4.8% 57.6% 12.0% 1.7% Walk Metrobus Other Bus/Vanpool Auto (incl. drop-off) Other No Response/Unknown 10. More Parking ≠ More Ridership

39. 6:00 8:00 10:00 12:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00 10:00 5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Parking lot fills Unmanaged parking Managed parking TOD Station Smart Rail Station Parking: Efficiency

40. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 Boardings Occupied MBTA Commuter Rail: Park & Ride Stations Average of 1.9 boardings per parked car

41. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 Boardings Occupied MBTA Commuter Rail: Village Settings Average of 4.7 boardings per parked car

42. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 Boardings Occupied MBTA Commuter Rail: Downtowns Average of 6.6 boardings per parked car

43. CHANGE?! NO WAY! 47