what is incentives ?? what is remuneration ?? what are the types of the remuneration ?? what are the types of incentives ??

1. Mehran University of Engineering and
Technology,
Jamshoro, Sindh Pakistan
LECTURE PRESENTATION
INCENTIVES AND REMUNERATION
SUBJECT TEACHER:
PROF. SAAD MEMON
LECTURE PRESENTED BY:
MOHAMMAD YOUNUS (08IN70)
DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL
ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT

2. INCENTIVES AND REMUNERATION
REMUNERATION
Remuneration is a payment or compensation received for service or employment. This includes
the base salary and any bonus or other economic benefits that an employee or executives received
during employment.
Or
Remuneration is traditionally seen as the total income of an individual and may comprises a range
of separate payments determined according to different rules.
For instance the total remuneration of medical staff may comprise a capitation fee and a fee for
services mot is may include a salary and shared financial risk.
A remuneration strategy therefore is the particular configuration of building of payments that go
make up an individual’s total income.
TYPES OF REMUNERATION
The following are the types of remuneration.
1) COMPANSATION
It is of two types
a) Executives Pay
Executive pay is the total pay or financial compensation an executive offer within the
co-corporation salary, and all bonuses, shares, options and any other company
benefits. Executives pay is an important part of corporate governance and is often
determined by companies’ board of director.
b) Deferred Compensation
It is an arrangement in which a portion of an employee’s income is paid out at a
date after which that income is actually earned. Example of deferred compensation
includes pensions, retirement plans and stock options.
2) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
Employee benefits are various non-wage compensation provided to employees in addition to
their wage and salaries, where an employee exchange (cash) wages for some other forms of
benefits, this is generally referred to as salary sacrifice arrangement. Some of these benefits are
housing ( employer provided or employer- paid ) , group insurance ( health, dental, etc), disability
income protection, retirement benefits, tuition reimbursement, sick leave, vacation ( pad and not
paid), social security, profit sharing, funding of education and other specialized benefits.
The purpose of employee’s benefits also is to increase the economic security of employee.
3) COMISSION
The payment of commission as remuneration for service rendered or product sold in a common
way to reward sales people.
4) SALARY
A salary is a form an employee to an employee which may be specified in a employment contract.
It is contracted with piece wages, where each job, hour or other unit is paid separately rather than
on a periodic basis.
From a point of business salary can also be viewed as the cost of acquiring human resources for
running operation it is the termed personnel expenses or salary expenses.
In accounting salaries are recorded in payroll account.
5) PERFORMANCE LINKED INCENTIVES (PLI)
A performance linked incentives is a form of payment from an employer to an employees which
is directly related to the performance output of an employee and which may be specified on an
employment contact.
PLI may be either open handed ( does not have fixed ceiling ) or closed handed ( has an upper
ceiling which is normally stipulated in the employment contacts). Open handed incentives are

3. normally applicable revenue generating activities (e.g. sales) and close handed are associated with
support functions ( e.g. operation, human resources, administration etc)
INCENTIVES
• Incentive is a reward monetary or non-monetary which is given to a worker for his
efficiency and hard work.
• If a worker has raised production by hard work then there must be increase in wage
corresponding to an increase in output. Any firm earning high profits give bonus at high
rate as incentives. So the workers exert themselves to produce any where near their full
capacity and try to increase the profit of the firm because their income increases with the
increase in the firm’s profit.
• An incentive motivates and encourages a worker to produce more and better and are
prevalent in the fixed salary method. Incentives help in increasing the interest of the
worker in the production and are in addition to the job hourly rate and in some proportion
to the worker’s contribution towards production.
• Incentive and production are closely related with each other. Incentives stimulate the
worker for increased production and help to create better efficiency.
TYPES OF INCENTIVES
Incentives may be classified in to the following two groups:
a) financial incentives
b) non- financial incentives
A) FINANCIAL INCENTIVES
Financial incentives involve direct monetary payments or benefits to workers for
better productivity and performance. Besides incentives for the immediate work contribution,
workers may receive additional financial benefits in the form of;
i) bonuses
ii) profit sharing
METHOD OF FINANCIAL INCENTIVES
i) Piece rate system
ii) Cent percent premium
iii) Halsey system
iv) Rowan system
v) Bedaux or point system
vi) Emerson’s effiency bonus system
vii) Gantt task and bonus system
viii) Taylor’s differential piece rate system
ix) Merrick’s multiple piece rate system
x) Weir premium plan
xi) Barth system
xii) collective or group bonuses system.
Here I am going to elaborate the two (piece rate system and cent premium) methods
1. PIECE RATE SYSTEM:-
Under this system, a piece rate for the completion of job is fixed. Now if
a worker completes the job earlier, he can save his time. In this time he can make jobs and get
extra money for his extra work
Earning of a worker = no. of pieces produced * rate per piece
ADVANTAGES OF PIECE RATE SYSTEM
i) This method is simple understood by every worker.
ii) The employer can calculate his labor cost per unit of job.

4. iii) Workers are paid on their merits.
iv) In this method production will improve.
v) Man power does not go waste.
DIS-ADVANTAGES OF PIECE RATE SYSTEM
i) The worker put maximum efforts to earn more and more which result suffering with
their health.
ii) Accidents may be more due to hasty work.
iii) Quality of work may decrease.
iv) It does not ensure the regularity of the employment.
v) The worker may waste more material because of tendency for higher output.
2. Cent Percent premium: -
In this system the standard time for completion of the job is fixed and its rate of
completion during this period is also fixed. Now the worker who completes the job earlier
they get full payment for the time saved.
ADVANTAGES OF CENT PER CENT PREMIUM
i) It is used for bigger job in which single job takes several days for completion.
ii) This method is very simple and easy to understand.
iii) The workers earning is based upon his efficiency.
iv) Time and rate is fixed earlier. So there is no problem at the time of payment.
DIS-ADVANTAGES OF CENT PER CENT PREMIUM
i) The worker is not guaranteed a minimum wage.
ii) The inefficient workers suffer.
iii)
2) NON-FINACIAL INCENTIVES
The financial incentives must be supported by the non-financial incentives. Only cash wages
cannot help in solving the problems of the workers. So there must also be some non-financial
incentives. Non financial incentives include good working conditions, amenities and social
benefits in the organization. Non financial incentives play an important role in maintaining better
production and efficiency in an organization. With this type of incentives workers create interest
for greater and better output and will also enjoy richer and fuller life.
At last the say that the non-monetary reward given to the worker for the better productivity and
performance, is called non-financial incentives.
Some of the chief Non-financial incentives are:
1. Security of service. The service of the trained person should be secure in the industry. A
worker knows that the he is not going to be dismissed, suspended or discharge unless he behaves
wrongly or creates indiscipline or shows carelessness against the work. He will have security of
his service.
2. Opportunity for training. There should exist a suitable arrangement for the training the
workers of different levels and thus offering them opportunities for improving their knowledge
and skill.
3. Chances of Quick Promotion. There is no back door entry of the worker. Every worker is
likely to be promoted to a higher rank when the opportunity arises. There fore it is necessary for
every worker to increase his efficiency and show his skill what he has. Only then he gets the
chances of promotion.
4. Personal Reward. The rewards like certificates of merit, appreciation for good work, good
conduct and attendances etc. also increase the efficiency of the workers. Respect of recognition in
the organization in also is itself a reward to the workers.
5. Welfare Measures. Some of the necessary welfare measure like provision of medical
facilities, transportation, housing, food services, recreational and educational facilities to workers
and their families has a sound effect on the workers.

5. In the factory some facilities like drinking water, shelters, canteen, rest room, latrines and urinals
etc must be provided to the increase the efficiency of the workers.
6. Sympathetic Attitude of the Management. For increasing the efficiency of the worker it is
necessary for the management that fair and sympathetic treatment is given to a worker. A
faith in their individuality is not ignored and their grievances should always be redressed
speedily.