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Call Me MayBe:
Understanding Nature and Risks of
Sharing Mobile Numbers on Online Social
Networks
Prachi Jain, Paridhi Jain, Ponnurangam Kumaraguru (PK)
7th October 2013
Motivation
How many of you have posted
mobile numbers on Online Social
Networks?

How many of you have seen
mobile numbers being posted on
Online Social Networks?
3
Sample posts

4
Sample posts

5
Sample posts

6
Sample posts

7
Is it a good idea?
Explore mobile number
sharing behavior on Online
Social Networks
 Focus on Indian Mobile Numbers

“India has the second-largest telecom
market in the world” – Economic Times

 Focus on two most popular social
networks – Facebook & Twitter
9
Methodology
Indian Mobile Number format
 10 digit number, start with 7 / 8 / 9
 Country code: +91 ( Example: +91 9123456789 )
 Trunk Code: 0 ( Example: 0 9123456789 )

No standard

way of sharing mobile numbers on OSN!

+91- 9123456789

91.91.23.456.789

+91- 91-2345-6789 (91)23.456.789

0 9123456789
(91234)56789
11
System architecture
Facebook
Graph
API

call ring

Public users /
posts
with mobile
numbers

Category
+91

Regex
patterns

Category 0
Category
void

Mobile
number
validation

Keyword
Refining

Keyword
Selection

contact

Indian
Mobile
Number
Database

Category
void

Twitter
Stream
API

Keyword selection

Public Bio/Tweets
with mobile
numbers

Regex
patterns

Category 0
Category
+91

Data collection

Data validation

12
Data statistics
Twitter:

12th October 2012 – 20th October 2013

Facebook:

16th November 2012 – 20th April 2013

Numbers

Category +91

Category 0

Category void

Twitter Facebook Twitter Facebook Twitter
Mobile
885
Numbers

2,191

User
profiles

2,663

1,074

100%

14,909 8,873
85%

17,913 9,028

Total

Facebook Twitter Facebook

25,566 25,294

41,360 36,358

85%

31,149 25,406

49,817 36,588

13
Analysis
Ownership
Analysis
Ownership analysis
Non-owner
posted the
number

Post

Has 2nd /
3rd person
pronoun

Frequent
action
words

Y

Y
Has 1st
person
pronoun

N

Phrasal
search

Y
Bio /
Name

Owner posted the
number

16
Ownership Analysis: Results
Social Network Mechanism

Mobile
Numbers

Total

Twitter:
Owner

Bio

155

291/885 (33%)

Tweet

136

Non-owner

Tweet

18

18/885 (0.02%)

Facebook:
Owner

Post

468

485/2191 (22%)

Name

17

Non-owner

Message

25

25/2191
(0.01%)

Users share their own mobile numbers on OSNs!
17
Source Analysis
Source analysis
Which applications are used
to share mobile numbers on
Twitter?

Which applications are used
to share mobile numbers on
Facebook?

5%

Facebook
mobile
Facebook for
iPhones
Photos

1%
Facebook

11%

32%

Twitterfeed

12%
8%

Google
26%

LinkedIn
26%

TweetDeck

14%

50%
15%

Facebook for
Android
HootSuite
Twitterfeed

Users posted same mobile numbers on multiple OSNs !

19
Topographical
Analysis
Topographical analysis
Indian Mobile number

XXXX - NNNNNN
Network operator

Subscriber number

Telecom Zone/Circle
Metro

(High density)

A Circle

(Largest
population coverage)

B Circle

C Circle

(Smallest
population coverage)

21
Topographical analysis
Telecom Circle

Category

# of Mobile Numbers

Delhi

Metropolitan 582

Mumbai

Metropolitan 312

Karnataka

“A” Circle

233

Punjab

“B” Circle

226

Rajasthan

“A” Circle

171

Andhra Pradesh

“B” Circle

164

Kerala

“A” Circle

158

Maharashtra

“A” Circle

140

Gujarat

“A” Circle

135

Tamil Nadu

“A” Circle

102

Users of metropolitan cities in India actively posted mobile
numbers on OSNs !

22
Risk
Assessment
Risk of Collation
Methodology

Sample Status

Mobile
Number
Store in Phone
Address Book
Install and
open
WhatsApp

Status

Last Seen
time
24
Risk of Collation
OCEAN:
Open
Government
Data
Repository

Details

User 1

User 2

Mobile
Number

+9199xxxx2708

+9198xxxx5485

Full Name

x Gambhir

xxxxxx Jeswani

Age

23

53

Gender

Male

Father’s
Name

xx Gambhir

Address

***, xxxx Bagh,
Delhi

8 Delhi
Male
Users
x x Jeswani
Identified
Uniquely
***, Mig Flats, *-block,
xxxxx Vihar Phase-I

ID

Voter ID:
NLNxxx5696

Driving License:
DL/04/xxx/222668

Shared by
Owner?

No

Yes
25
Risk
Communication
IVR System

(2,492)
27
Callee
Decision
Tree

0.35 (867)

Call the
Number
0.65 (1625)

Call not
picked

Call picked

0.61 (988)

Listen
message

Disconnect
the Call
0.48 (479)

0.52 (509)

Listen Options
0.21 (107)
FORM 1

0.39 (637)

Didn’t know
0.23 (47)

Leave
Feedback

Disconnect
the Call

0.20
(102)

0.59 (300)

Posted
purposefully

Disconnect
the Call

0.77 (60)

Disconnect
the Call

1.0 (47)

Disconnect
the Call

28
Feedback
“Thank you for information, I have deleted, I will not
post my number online.”
“I want to know how to remove my number and I don't
know, I haven't put my number purposely but if it is
there, where exactly it is there I would also like to know
that. Please get in touch with me asap. Thank you!”

“It is a very nice process that you are doing and making
people aware about online frauds and telephone
number frauds but your system is basically calling
business houses”
29
Take
Aways
Take Aways
 Most users share their own mobile numbers on OSNs.
 Users post same mobile numbers on multiple OSNs.
 A publically shared mobile number can expose
sensitive details (age, ID, family details and full
address) of its owner, from multiple sources.
 We should communicate the risks of sharing mobile
numbers online, to their owners.
Few users were unaware of the online presence of their
number.
31
Future work
Build technological, people and
process oriented solutions to
forewarn users and raise the
awareness towards risks of
exposing mobile numbers leaks.
32
Thank You!
Questions?
prachi1107@iiitd.ac.in
paridhij@iiitd.ac.in
pk@iiitd.ac.in
precog.iiitd.edu.in
For any further information, please write to
pk@iiitd.ac.in
precog.iiitd.edu.in

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Call Me MayBe: Understanding Nature and Risks of Sharing Mobile Numbers on Online Social Networks

  • 1. Call Me MayBe: Understanding Nature and Risks of Sharing Mobile Numbers on Online Social Networks Prachi Jain, Paridhi Jain, Ponnurangam Kumaraguru (PK) 7th October 2013
  • 3. How many of you have posted mobile numbers on Online Social Networks? How many of you have seen mobile numbers being posted on Online Social Networks? 3
  • 8. Is it a good idea?
  • 9. Explore mobile number sharing behavior on Online Social Networks  Focus on Indian Mobile Numbers “India has the second-largest telecom market in the world” – Economic Times  Focus on two most popular social networks – Facebook & Twitter 9
  • 11. Indian Mobile Number format  10 digit number, start with 7 / 8 / 9  Country code: +91 ( Example: +91 9123456789 )  Trunk Code: 0 ( Example: 0 9123456789 ) No standard way of sharing mobile numbers on OSN! +91- 9123456789 91.91.23.456.789 +91- 91-2345-6789 (91)23.456.789 0 9123456789 (91234)56789 11
  • 12. System architecture Facebook Graph API call ring Public users / posts with mobile numbers Category +91 Regex patterns Category 0 Category void Mobile number validation Keyword Refining Keyword Selection contact Indian Mobile Number Database Category void Twitter Stream API Keyword selection Public Bio/Tweets with mobile numbers Regex patterns Category 0 Category +91 Data collection Data validation 12
  • 13. Data statistics Twitter: 12th October 2012 – 20th October 2013 Facebook: 16th November 2012 – 20th April 2013 Numbers Category +91 Category 0 Category void Twitter Facebook Twitter Facebook Twitter Mobile 885 Numbers 2,191 User profiles 2,663 1,074 100% 14,909 8,873 85% 17,913 9,028 Total Facebook Twitter Facebook 25,566 25,294 41,360 36,358 85% 31,149 25,406 49,817 36,588 13
  • 16. Ownership analysis Non-owner posted the number Post Has 2nd / 3rd person pronoun Frequent action words Y Y Has 1st person pronoun N Phrasal search Y Bio / Name Owner posted the number 16
  • 17. Ownership Analysis: Results Social Network Mechanism Mobile Numbers Total Twitter: Owner Bio 155 291/885 (33%) Tweet 136 Non-owner Tweet 18 18/885 (0.02%) Facebook: Owner Post 468 485/2191 (22%) Name 17 Non-owner Message 25 25/2191 (0.01%) Users share their own mobile numbers on OSNs! 17
  • 19. Source analysis Which applications are used to share mobile numbers on Twitter? Which applications are used to share mobile numbers on Facebook? 5% Facebook mobile Facebook for iPhones Photos 1% Facebook 11% 32% Twitterfeed 12% 8% Google 26% LinkedIn 26% TweetDeck 14% 50% 15% Facebook for Android HootSuite Twitterfeed Users posted same mobile numbers on multiple OSNs ! 19
  • 21. Topographical analysis Indian Mobile number XXXX - NNNNNN Network operator Subscriber number Telecom Zone/Circle Metro (High density) A Circle (Largest population coverage) B Circle C Circle (Smallest population coverage) 21
  • 22. Topographical analysis Telecom Circle Category # of Mobile Numbers Delhi Metropolitan 582 Mumbai Metropolitan 312 Karnataka “A” Circle 233 Punjab “B” Circle 226 Rajasthan “A” Circle 171 Andhra Pradesh “B” Circle 164 Kerala “A” Circle 158 Maharashtra “A” Circle 140 Gujarat “A” Circle 135 Tamil Nadu “A” Circle 102 Users of metropolitan cities in India actively posted mobile numbers on OSNs ! 22
  • 24. Risk of Collation Methodology Sample Status Mobile Number Store in Phone Address Book Install and open WhatsApp Status Last Seen time 24
  • 25. Risk of Collation OCEAN: Open Government Data Repository Details User 1 User 2 Mobile Number +9199xxxx2708 +9198xxxx5485 Full Name x Gambhir xxxxxx Jeswani Age 23 53 Gender Male Father’s Name xx Gambhir Address ***, xxxx Bagh, Delhi 8 Delhi Male Users x x Jeswani Identified Uniquely ***, Mig Flats, *-block, xxxxx Vihar Phase-I ID Voter ID: NLNxxx5696 Driving License: DL/04/xxx/222668 Shared by Owner? No Yes 25
  • 28. Callee Decision Tree 0.35 (867) Call the Number 0.65 (1625) Call not picked Call picked 0.61 (988) Listen message Disconnect the Call 0.48 (479) 0.52 (509) Listen Options 0.21 (107) FORM 1 0.39 (637) Didn’t know 0.23 (47) Leave Feedback Disconnect the Call 0.20 (102) 0.59 (300) Posted purposefully Disconnect the Call 0.77 (60) Disconnect the Call 1.0 (47) Disconnect the Call 28
  • 29. Feedback “Thank you for information, I have deleted, I will not post my number online.” “I want to know how to remove my number and I don't know, I haven't put my number purposely but if it is there, where exactly it is there I would also like to know that. Please get in touch with me asap. Thank you!” “It is a very nice process that you are doing and making people aware about online frauds and telephone number frauds but your system is basically calling business houses” 29
  • 31. Take Aways  Most users share their own mobile numbers on OSNs.  Users post same mobile numbers on multiple OSNs.  A publically shared mobile number can expose sensitive details (age, ID, family details and full address) of its owner, from multiple sources.  We should communicate the risks of sharing mobile numbers online, to their owners. Few users were unaware of the online presence of their number. 31
  • 32. Future work Build technological, people and process oriented solutions to forewarn users and raise the awareness towards risks of exposing mobile numbers leaks. 32
  • 35. For any further information, please write to pk@iiitd.ac.in precog.iiitd.edu.in