What is hydrogen powered tractor? and it's component. then how to fuel cell work ? Advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen powered tractor. and how does it work.

3. Introduction
• Depleting fossil fuel reserves
• Attention of various petroleum industries to find an
alternate fuel
• The proposed fuel should suitably replace the existing fuel
• At the same time it should be renewable
• Hydrogen combines the properties of higher calorific
value
• Higher velocity of flame propagation and non toxicity
Contd….

4. • One of the emerging technologies of the innovation
period
• One of the cleanest and most efficient technologies
for generating electricity
• A fuel cell tractor is a new technology developing to
look up for as future the tractors

5. What is Hydrogen Powered Tractor ?
• Advanced technology
• By using this technology tractors run on hydrogen as
the fuel
• The standard diesel combustion engine is replaced by
two electric motors
• It relies on fuel cells which provides electricity
• This tractor has no gears
• No power losses and power is delivered only as
needed

6. How Tractor works ?
• It has a fuel tank, which supplies Hydrogen to
the fuel cells.
• Fuel cells then transform hydrogen into
electricity to run the motors.
• This is almost a ‘stealth tractor’ as it produces
practically no noise.

7. Improvement opportunities
• A new tractor design due to fewer design and
architecture constraints.
• Less weight and components
• Greater reliability due to fewer moving parts.
• Replace hydraulic system and mechanical drives with
electrical ones. Electrical driven implements (planters,
fertilizer spreaders, etc).

8. Main components

9. What is not ?
• No diesel tank .
• No combustion engine.
• No exhaust pipe.
• No gear box .
Product specification :
• Power: 75 kW (106 hp) .
• Transmission: CVT through electrical motor.
• PTO : CVT through electrical motor.

10. What is inside
• A Hydrogen tank.
• Fuel Cells System perfectly integrated
into production tractor with standard
components
• Electric motor no. 1 - Power to traction.
• Electric motor no. 2 - Power to PTO and
auxiliaries.
10

11. Advantages
• Water is the only discharge (pure H2O)
• No emissions
• No noise
• No power losses
• Efficiency
Contd…

12. 12
• Less complicated .
• No structural weaknesses.
• operate indefinitely.
• Power delivered only as needed
• No components require like gear box, fuel
injector ,etc

13. Disadvantages
• Cost .
• Production.
• Infrastructure.
• Electric motors .
• It is highly Flammable.
Contd…

14. • High maintenance.
• Technology currently expensive.
• Many design issues still in progress.
• Pure hydrogen is difficult to handle.
• Refilling stations, storage tanks, …
14

15. HOW DOES IT WORK
15

16. 16
1. ELECTRICITY GENERATION
Electrical energy is generated from free and renewable sources, such
as wind, solar, waste or biomass, according on its availability in each
particular farming area.
2. ELECTRICITY CONVERSION IN HYDROGEN (H2): THE ELECTROLYSER
The electrolyser technology is used to split water into hydrogen and
oxygen gases. Basically, it needs water and electricity as inputs.
`

17. 17
3. H2 STORAGE
The Hydrogen is safely stored at the farm in high-pressure tanks. And it is ready to be used
as a free and clean fuel.
Why Hydrogen?
Because: •is an efficient energy carrier
•It works like a battery, accumulating energy
• Is more advantageous and cleaner than a conventional battery. No disposal issues
•It is quicker to refuel, 5 minutes to fill a tank compared to hours required by batteries
•It is completely carbon-free
4. H2CONVERSION INTO ELECTRICITY POWERING THE NH2 ™: THE FIRST
HYDROGEN-FUELED ELECTRICAL TRACTOR.
H2™ is not just a prototype, but a fully functional tractor, featuring a
hydrogen tank and fuel cells, that generate the electrical power to run
the electrical motors that operate the machine, its systems and
implements

18. 5. NH 2 ™ TRACTOR AT WORK: THE CYCLE IS COMPLETE.
With the NH2™ tractor, and the future hydrogen-fueled New Holland
machines, farmers will be able to perform all agricultural operations in their
farms, based on the hydrogen they produce. The Energy Independent Farm.

19. Fuel cell
19

20. Why fuel cells?
• The only emissions from a fuel cell come from
the generation of Water.
• Reduction in carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas,
for every mile travelled.

21. Fuel Cell Descriptions
• Fuel cells generate electricity through an
electrochemical process
In which the energy stored in a fuel is converted
directly into DC electricity.
• Because electrical energy is generated without
combusting fuel,
Fuel cells are extremely attractive from an
environmental stand point. 21

22. Hydrogen Fuel Cell Efficiency :
• 40% efficiency converting methanol to hydrogen
in reformer .
• 80% of hydrogen energy content converted to
electrical energy .
• 80% efficiency for inverter/motor
• Overall efficiency of 24-32% .
• Converts electrical to mechanical energy

23. Attractive characteristics of
Fuel Cell
• High energy conversion efficiency
• Modular design
• Very low chemical and acoustical pollution
• Fuel flexibility
• Cogeneration capability
• Rapid load response
23

24. What Is a Fuel Cell ?
• A fuel cell produces electricity directly from the
reaction between hydrogen and oxygen from the air.
• In an internal combustion engine, the fuel burns in
tiny explosions that push the pistons up and down.
• In a fuel cell, the fuel is also oxidized, but the
resulting energy takes the form of electricity.
• The Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell is
the focus of vehicle-power research. Contd….

25. • Anode side:
2H2  4H+ + 4e-
• Cathode side:
O2 + 4H+ + 4e-  2H2O
• Net reaction:
2H2 + O2  2H2O
25
Chemistry of a Fuel Cell

26. The following are the major different types of
fuel cells:
• Proton Exchange Membrane - (PEM -- sometimes also called
polymer electrolyte membrane) - Considered the leading fuel
cell type for vehicle application; operates at relatively low
temperatures and has a high power density.
• Phosphoric Acid - The most commercially developed fuel cell;
generates electricity at more than 40 percent efficiency.
• Molten Carbonate - Promises high fuel-to-electricity
efficiencies and the ability to utilize coal-based fuels
Contd….

27. 27
Animation of PEMFC

28. Working of PEM cells :

29. • Solid Oxide - Can reach 60 percent power-generating
efficiencies and be employed for large, high powered
applications such as industrial generating stations.
• Alkaline - Used extensively by the space program; can
achieve 70 percent power-generating efficiencies, but is
considered too costly for transportation applications.
• Direct Methanol - Expected efficiencies of 40 percent with
low operating temperatures; able to use hydrogen from
methanol without a reformer.

30. 30
• All fuel cells have the same basic operating principle.
Basic Configuration

31. Conclusion
• These tractors are environmental friendly.
• They have better efficiency and also saves
a lot of fuel in today’s fuel shortage
world.
• If proper research and development is done
in this field, fuel cell tractors promises a
practical, efficient, low pollution tractor for
the coming period.

32. References
• G.D.Rai, Non-Conventional Energy sources,
Khanna Publications, 1997, Oct.
• S.Rao & Dr. B.B. Parluker, Non – Conventional
energy technology, Khanna Publications, 1997.
• Bansel.N.K., M.kaleeman, and M.Miller,
Renewable Energy sources and conversion
Technology, Tata McGrawhill, New Delhi.
• http://www.thecleanenergyleader.com/en/nh2_tm_
hydrogen/hydrogenenergy.html

33. 33

34. `
34
THANK YOU