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Urban data requirements for business planning and development
- 1. Plan4business Urban data requirements RICS 08 March 2013 Anna Rose Director a.rose@spacesyntax.com
- 2. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 2 Movement is the lifeblood of the city. Moving in space
- 3. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 3 The city is for transaction Social Economic Cultural
- 4. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 4 The need to de-risk design decisions
- 5. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 5 Measure:LogChoiceRN*IntegrationRN Our expertise Spatial analysis & performance forecasting
- 6. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 6 Each place has a unique spatial signature. Describing & measuring space A
- 7. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 7 Spatial Accessibility High Low London
- 8. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 8 Tokyo
- 9. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 9 Spatial Accessibility High Low Beijing 北京
- 10. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 10 Space A common language Architecture Town planning Urban economics Criminology Masterplanning Transport planning Property agency PR & branding Space Location Land use Linkage Layout
- 11. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 11 Working across scales Buildings Public Spaces Masterplans Area Action Plans Urban Development Frameworks City Wide Strategies Macro Meso Micro
- 12. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 12 Core services Baseline analysis Undertaking studies to understand the existing form & functioning of buildings & urban areas Strategic design solutions Forming sustainable visions to deliver social & economic objectives Planning support Supporting design proposals with evidence of efficacy Diagnosis Prognosis Delivery
- 13. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 13 UCL Space Syntax Laboratory Fundamental research Teaching Technology development Space Syntax Limited Strategic consulting Internship Technology development Technology People Innovation A process of mutual “exploitation”
- 14. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 14 Innovative, unorthodox and aspirational proposals for development opportunities Consultation Creative thinking Strategic design Objective evaluation Baseline analysis Summary Evidence based creativity
- 15. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 15 Trafalgar Square The new Central Staircase
- 16. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 16 Nottingham, England Old Market Square Manipulating spatial networks
- 17. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 17 Millennium Bridge, London Manipulating spatial networks
- 18. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 18 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 y = .784x + 2.147, R-squared: .589 Spatial accessibility Pedestrianmovement Spatial accessibility -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 y = 1.235x + 1.048, R-squared: .702 Vehiclemovement Research shows that 60-80% of movement flows are due to the structure of the network, measured by spatial accessibility. More accessible places get more movement. The evidence base
- 19. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 19 Spatial Accessibility Measuring movement Spatial layout distributes land use
- 20. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 20 80% retail located on 20% most spatially accessible streets
- 21. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 21 Spatial Accessibility High Low Understanding movement De-risking design decisions Manipulating spatial networks B
- 22. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 22 Spatial Accessibility High Low Manipulating spatial networks B Understanding movement De-risking design decisions
- 23. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 23 Spatial Accessibility High Low Manipulating spatial networks B Understanding movement De-risking design decisions
- 24. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 24 Spatial Accessibility High Low Manipulating spatial networks B Understanding movement De-risking design decisions
- 25. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 25 Spatial Accessibility High Low Manipulating spatial networks B Understanding movement De-risking design decisions
- 26. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 26 i-VALUL What does i-VALUL do? Centre vitality i-VALUL makes this impact tangible, measurable and visible. £0 £200 £400 £600 £800 £1,000 £1,200 £1,400 Hampstead Chiswick SwissCottage NorthFinchley Streatham Tooting Clapham Kilburn WestEaling WalworthRoad 200% 250% 300% 350% 400% 450% 500% 550% 600% £ % Street quality Property value Residential security Personal safety Urban layout 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 £ Int i-VALUL describes the impact of urban layout on different aspects of sustainable communities.
- 27. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 27WALBURGHSTREET CANNONSTREETROAD HAWKSMOORMEWS WelsteadHouse LangdaleStreet PON LER STREET BURSLEM STREET WickerStreet GOLDINGSTREET PENNING TON STREET BETTSST ARTICHOKEHILL PENNING TON STREET THE HIGHWAY VIRGINIASTREET BREEZER'SHILL WELLCLOSESTREET WELLCLOSE SQ UARE CROWDERSTREET GOLDINGSTREET BURSLEM STREET HINDM ARSH CLOSE STUTFIELDSTREET CHRISTIANSTREET STUTFIELDSTREET ELLEN STREET PHILCHURCHPLACE BOYD STREET PINCHIN STREET FLETCHERSTREET CABLE STREET WELLCLOSE SQ UARE FORBESSTREET W AY FORBESSTREET CO NANT MEWS MILLYARD BACKCHURCHLANE ENSIGNSTREET EAST SMITHFIELD VAUG HAN DOCKSTREET BOWM AN M EWS HO OPER STREET CRO FTS STREET HO OPER STREET LEMANSTREET JOHNFISHER STREET FLANKSTREET CHAMBER STREET RO YALMIN TSTREET STREETCARTWRIGHT NELSON STREET TURNERSTREET RICHARDSTREET RAMPARTSTREET SLY STR EET KINDERSTREET BARNETT ST WALDEN STREET CANNONSTREETROAD KINDER STREET MYRDLESTREET NEWROAD HESSELSTREET AM AZO N STR EET UMBERSTONSTREET TURNERSTREET MOUNT TERRACE NEWROAD FIELD GATE STREET MYRDLESTREET ROMFORDSTREETROMFORDSTREET FORD HAM STREET VALLAN CE RD ROMFORDSTREET MYRDLESTREET GOLDINGTERRACE ROPEWALKGARDENS ParfettStreet PARFETTSTREET FORD HAM STREET SETTLESSTREET PARFETTSTREET CHRISTIANSTREET BATTYSTREET SETTLESSTREET GREENFIELDROAD FAIRCLOUG HSTREET HENRIQUESSTREET GREENFIELDROAD PLUMBERSROW BACKCHURCHLANE MITALIPASSAGE CO URT VIN E DAVENAN TSTREET FIELDGATE STREET M OSS CLOSE WHITECHAPEL ROAD PLUMBERSROW CO KESTREET WEYHILLROAD CO MM ERCIALRO AD AD LER STRE ET MULBER RY STR EET GOWER'SWALK WHITE CH UR CHLAN E ASSAMSTREET M OUNTFORD STREET GO ODM AN'S STIL E W HIT ECHAPEL ROAD OSBORNSTREET W HIT ECHAPEL HIG H ST Whitechurch Passage M ANNIN GTREE STREET ALIE STREET PLOUG H STREET BUCKLE STREET GREATOREXSTREET OLD M ONTAGUE STREET ADLER ST TailworthStreet MONTHOPE RO AD SPELMANSTREET CASSONSTREET King's Arms Court OS BO RN ST RE ET GreenDragonYard CHICKSAN D STR EET LuntleyPlace EASTTENTERSTREET LEMANSTREET Lem anPass ag e CARTWRIGH TSTREET BLUE ANCHORYARD SwanPassage SwanPassage MagdalenPassage YEOMAN'SYAR D SOU TH TENTER ST STMARKSTREET SOU TH TENTER STREET CHAMBER STREET RO YALMIN TSTREET Royal Mint Place SOU TH TENTER STREET PRESCO TSTREET EAST SMITHFIELD STAR PLACE PRESCO TSTREET ST MARK STREET SCARBO ROUG H STREET MANSELLSTREET WESTTENTERSTREET MANSELLSTREET STREET WESTTENTERSTREET TENTER PASSAGE TOWERBRIDGEAPPROACH STKATHARINE'SWAY HaydonWalk SHO RTER HAYDO N STREET POR TSO KEN STR EET HAYDO N STREET GO ODM AN'S YARD Goodm an's Court MINORIES HAM METT STREET MINORIES CR ES CEN T TOWER HILL TRINITYPLACE AMERICA SQUARE CO OPER'SROW SQUARE TRIN IT Y SAVAGEGARDENS PEPYS STREET SAVAGEGARDENS NO RTHUMBER LA ND ALLE Y CRU TC HED FRIA RS LLO YD'S AVENU E PEPYS STREET BYWARD STREET M USCOVY STREET TRIN IT YSQ UARE SeethingLane CRU TC HED FRIARS OrdinaryCourtFrench FenchurchBuildings OSBORNSTREET OLD MONTAGUE STREET CHICKSAN D STR EET HO PETO WN ST ForsticWalk BRICKLANE HENEAG E STR EET GUNTHORPE STREET Flower and Dean Walk NATHANIEL CLOSE FASHION STREET THRAWL STR EET Rose Court GUNTHORPESTREET AngelAlley RO AD CO MM ERCIA L DRU M STREET EASTTENTERSTREET BUCKLE STREET CAM PERDOW N STREET LEMAN STREET STREET ALIE STREET NO RTH TEN TER STREET HalfMoon PassageCOLCHESTER W HIT ECHAPEL HIG H STREET BRAHAM STREET HALFMOON PASSAGE TYNE STREET WENTWORTHSTREET MANSELLSTREET SOMERSETSTREET LITTLE GO ULSTO N STR EET COMMERCIALSTREET Gardens OLD CASTLE STR EET POMELLWAY Ann'sPlace M allon TOYNBEESTREET LEYDENSTREETBELLLANE W ENTW ORTH STREET NEW GOU LSTON STREET M ID DLE SEX STREET GR AVELLANE CO BBSTREET TENTERGROUND ARTIL LE RY GUNSTREET LANE FryingPanAlley STRYPE STREET FryingPan Alley Artillery Pass age W HIT EKEN NETTSTREET STONEY LANE MIDDLESEXSTREET HARR OW PLA CE LOLESWORTH CLOSE COMMERCIAL STREET WHITE'S RO W BRUN ESTREET BRUSHFIELDSTREET CRISPINSTREET SANDY'SRO W MINORIES ST CLARE STR EET StBotolph Row ALDGATE HIG H STREET ST BOTOLPH STREET CRO SSWALL VINESTREET STREET INDIASTREET VINE JEWRYSTREET DUKE'S PLAC E HO UNDSDITCH HO UNDSDIT CH ALDGATE CARLISLEAVEN UE CRUTCHED FRIARS RANG OON STREET NO RTHUMBER LA ND ALLEY AVENUE LLO YD'S BRUSH FIELD STREET FORTSTREET ARTILLERY LANE M ID DLE SEX STREET WIDEGATESTREET Artillery Pass age CockHill Victoria Avenue NEW STREET DEVO NSHIRE SQU ARE CATHERINE WHEEL ALLEY Catherine WheelAlley HARR OW PLA CE ARTIZ AN STREET W HIT EKENNETT ST DUKE'S PLA C E CUTLER STREET CLOTHIE R STREET StJa mes'sPassa ge MITRE STREET M ITRE SQUARE HENEAG E PLACE HENEAG E LA NE CREEC HURCH LANE SugarBakersCt CREEC HURCH PLACE STONEY LANE BEVIS MARKS GO RIN G STREET DEVO NSHIR E SQUARE HO UNDSDIT CH CARLIS LE LLO YD'SAVENUE Northu m be rlan d Alley AVENUE SEETHINGLANE FENCHU RCH STREET HartshornAlley CO URT GLOU CESTER TOWER HILL LON DO NST FE NC HU RC HPL AC E LONDO N STREET NEWLONDONSTREET HART STREET FENCHURCHBUILDINGS Urban functioning Pedestrian flow scan Tower Hamlets People per hour 450 to 900 250 to 450 150 to 250 100 to 150 50 to 100 0 to 50 Measuring urban functional outcomes
- 28. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 28 Urban functioning Pedestrian database London central Oxford Street Covent Garden Baker Street Soho Mayfair Street comparison 8–10 10-12 12- 2 2-4 4-6 6-8 Oxford Street Soho London subarea comparison Baker Street Pedestrianmovement Pedestrianmovement Measuring urban functional outcomes
- 29. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 29 The degree to which the design of the development creates an accessible, intelligible spatial layout. Elephant & Castle Pedestrian Forecast Model Transport attraction Land use attraction Spatial layout attraction Pedestrian forecast The degree to which public and private transport systems integrate with the development. The strength of attraction of movement-sensitive land uses, especially retail.
- 30. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 30 Spatial accessibility Low High Pedestrian Forecast Model Spatial layout attraction New Kent Road Elephant and Castle KenningtonRoad BlackfriarsRoad Rodney Road Southbank University Borough Station Lambeth North Station Weekend R square 40% Weekday R square 35% 1504_Ax_Ex_R2000 Spatial layout attraction is calculated by analysing the network of pedestrian routes and measuring the degree to which individual route segments are likely to be used by people moving through the area. The degree to which the spatial layout attraction influences actual pedestrian movement is indicated by the R square value where the higher R square means a higher degree of fit (0% is no fit, 100% is perfect fit). For further information please see appendix 2.
- 31. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 31 Retail attraction Shopping Centre over 800m 700 – 800 m 600 – 700 m 500 – 600 m 400 – 500 m 300 – 400 m 200 – 300 m 100 – 200 m 0- 100 m Origins Metric distance New Kent Road Elephant and Castle KenningtonRoad BlackfriarsRoad Rodney Road Southbank University Lambeth North Station Weekend R square 51% Weekday R square 38% 1504_Ax_Ex_MCA_Centres Retail attraction is calculated by measuring the distance of any route segment from the two principal areas of retail focus – Elephant and Castle Shopping Centre and the East Street market. East Street Market
- 32. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 32 Transport attraction New Kent Road Elephant and Castle KenningtonRoad BlackfriarsRoad Rodney Road Southbank University Borough Station Lambeth North Station Kennington Station Weekend R square 28% Weekday R square 26% 1504_Ax_Ex_MCA_Bus Transport attraction is calculated according to the distance of any pedestrian segment from either a bus stop, tube station or rail station. over 800m 700 – 800 m 600 – 700 m 500 – 600 m 400 – 500 m 300 – 400 m 200 – 300 m 100 – 200 m 0- 100 m Bus stop Underground station Metric distance
- 33. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 33 Weekday R square = 60% Weekend R square=73% Pedestrian forecast Pedestrian Forecast Model Correlations Spatial layout attraction Weekday R square = 49% Weekend R square = 54% Retail attraction Weekday R square = 38% Weekend R square = 51% Transport attraction Weekday R square = 26% Weekend R square = 28% Actual movement Forecast movement Actual movement Forecast movement
- 34. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 34 Data requirements the user perspective Urban Form OS Landline Open Street Map Google Earth Urban Function & Performance Activity levels Transport demand Landuse Land value Crime Diagnosis Analysis Simulation
- 35. Space Syntax Limited © 2013 Plan4business 35 Issues the user perspective Integration Need to integrate performance data with spatial frameworks Evidence Need for stronger evidence base regarding urban performance Sharing Need to share information between public and private sector Integration Conclusions Advice