ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12

Owner, ΚΕΝΤΡΟ ΠΑΙΔΙΑΤΡΙΚΗΣ ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑΣ at ΚΕΝΤΡΟ ΠΑΙΔΙΑΤΡΙΚΗΣ ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑΣ
Dec. 3, 2012
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
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ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12
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ΕΜΒΟΛΙΑ - ΣΥΡΙΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ 1-12-12

Editor's Notes

  1. Key Point: Primary prevention through routine vaccination is key to controlling IMD. Slide Overview: Capsular approaches to vaccine development have been successful for preventing Hib- and pneumococcal-associated meningitis and sepsis. Capsular approaches have also been successful for 4 of the 5 major meningococcal disease–causing serogroups (ACWY). Vaccines formulated from the polysaccharide capsule of serogroup B are poorly immunogenic. 1 A broadly protective vaccine effective against serogroup B remains a significant unmet medical need and a public health priority. Serogroup B is responsible for approximately 70% of meningococcal disease in developed countries. 1 Reference: Häyrinen J, Jennings H, Raff HV, et al. Antibodies to polysialic acid and its N -propyl derivative: binding properties and interaction with human embryonal brain glycopeptides. J Infect Dis. 1995;171:1481-1490. 1/Hayrinen/p1481/col 1/para 1
  2. Sxima oloklirwnetai stous 12 mines kai analysi egine stous 11 For more information re FinIP please comment orally and refer to slide further in this slide kit to allow experts to understand why 2009-2010 data were not considered for the analysis. Poster No 165 MONITORING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FINNISH NATIONAL VACCINATION PROGRAMME (NVP) OF THE 10-VALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE (PCV10) J. Jokinen 1 , P. Nuorti 1 , A. Palmu 2 , A. Virolainen-Julkunen 1 , H. Nohynek 1 , M. Virtanen 1 , L. Siira 1 , M. Lahdenkari 1 , P. Ruutu 1 , T. Kilpi 1 , 1 Helsinki, 2 Tampere, Finland Background and aims: Finland introduced PCV10 into NVP for infants in September 2010 using a 2+1-schedule (3, 5 and 12 months) without catch-up vaccinations. THL monitors the effectiveness of NVP using national, population-based health registers and reference laboratory data. An annual birth cohort in Finland is approximately 60,000. Methods: National Infectious Disease Register is used for monitoring changes in the incidence and serotype-distribution of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Data for 2004-2008 were used as baseline, and compared with September 2010 to August 2011, following NVP-implementation. January 2009 to August 2010 was excluded since >30,000 infants received PCV10 as part of a blinded clinical trial during this time. IPD rates were stratified by serotype (vaccine-type, vaccine-related, other) and age (0-11 months, 12-23 months, 24-59 months). Results: Comparing the baseline with post-NVP implementation, overall IPD rates per 100,000 persons/year among children 0-11, 12-23 and 24-59 months were 45.5 vs 22.9, 81.1 vs 65.8, and 21.3 vs 20.6, respectively. Among children < 1 years, the PCV10, PCV10-related, and other serotype-rates for pre- and post-NVP were 33.8 vs 18.0, 5.5 vs 0.0 and 4.8 vs 3.3, respectively. Among children who had received ≥1 doses of PCV10 as part of NVP, 5 cases of IPD were identified: 3 were vaccine serotypes; all of which occurred at age < 6 months. Conclusions: Reduction in the IPD incidence among infants was observed within one year of NVP implementation. Continued surveillance will determine potential indirect effects among unvaccinated persons and vaccine-induced changes in the IPD serotype distribution.
  3. References: Miller E et al. Vaccine 2011 Oct 5. ePub ahead of print.
  4. Εχουν αναγνωριστεί 13 ορότυποι αλλά 6 προκαλούν διεισδυτική νόσο Ενδημεί στην λεγόμενη ζώνη μηνιγγίτιδας όπου επιδημίες κάθε 7-14 έτη
  5. 2/Harrison/ p149/col 1/ para 3 1/Post/p 651/fig 3A 2/Harrison/ p149/col 1/ para 3
  6. ΗΠΑ 11-55 Ευρωπη >11
  7. V59 P5 CSR/p12/ Table 3a; p13/Table 3b; p14/Table 3c; p15/Table 3d
  8. Key Point: Multicomponent vaccines have the highest potential for broad vaccine coverage in the population at highest risk, infants. Slide Overview: Noncapsular approaches are being developed including those that target proteins contained in the outer membrane vesicles. These can be effective but are limited to homologous strains because of antigenic variability. 1,2 Pfizer’s experimental bivalent vaccine based on the subcapsular protein factor H binding protein (fHbp), is an example of a single-component vaccine. Though it has been shown to be immunogenic and generally well tolerated in adolescents, its efficacy in infants in unknown. 3 Further, estimates that indicate possible broad protection using functional surrogates of protection have used limited data sets. 4 Further study is expected. Novartis’ multicomponent 4CMenB is the only meningococcal B vaccine with proven immunogenicity in both infants 5 and adolescents. 6 Estimates of broad protection are based on established surrogates of protection and an innovative methodology currently used by many surveillance labs across the globe. 7 References: Pizza M, Scarlato V, Masignani V, et al. Identification of vaccine candidates against serogroup B meningococcus by whole-genome sequencing. Science . 2000;287:1816-1820. Zimmer SM, Stephens DS. Serogroup B meningococcal vaccines. Curr Opin Investig Drugs . 2006;7: 733-739. Richmond P. “Safety & immunogenicity of serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis (MnB) rLP2086 vaccine in adults and adolescent subjects: overview of 3 clinical trials”. Presented at an oral session of IPNC, 2010. Banff, Alberta, Canada. Jiang H, et al. Broad vaccine coverage predicted for a bivalent recombinant factor H binding protein based vaccine to prevent serogroup B meningococcal disease. Vaccine . 2010;28:6086-6093. Findlow J, et al. Multicenter, open-label, randomized phase II controlled trial of an investigational recombinant meningococcal serogroup B vaccine with and without outer membrane vesicles, administered in infancy. CID. 2010;51:1127-1137. Data on file, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics. Donnelly J, et al. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of meningococcal antigens to evaluate the potential strain coverage of protein-based vaccines. PNAS. 2010;107:19490-19495. 1/Pizza/p 1816/col 3/ para 1 2/Zimmer/p 734/col 2/para 3 4/Jiang/methods
  9. Key Point: Reverse vaccinology uniquely allows rapid identification of promising vaccine candidates. Slide Overview: The first step in reverse vaccinology was sequencing the full genome of the organism. 1 Bioinformatic analysis was then used to analyze unassembled DNA fragments to identify open reading frames (ORFs) that potentially encoded novel surface-exposed or exported proteins: 570 identified. 2 Three hundred fifty (350) of them were successfully expressed in Escherichia coli , purified, and used to immunize mice. 2,3 The sera obtained were used to confirm the surface exposure of the proteins by ELISA and FACS analysis and tested for the ability to induce complement-mediated in vitro killing of bacteria, a test that correlates with vaccine efficacy in humans. 3 Within 18 months, while the nucleotide sequence was finalized, 85 novel surface-exposed proteins were discovered and 28 of these were shown to induce bactericidal antibodies. 3,4 The best 3 candidates were selected and combined with the major immunogenic component of the New Zealand OMV vaccine, PorA 1.4, to result in the 4CMenB vaccine. 4 This process allowed for identification of novel antigens that are most likely to provide robust immunological protection against the vast majority of meningococcal B disease-causing strains. References: Tettelin H, et al. Complete genome sequence of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B strain MC58. Science. 2000;287:1809-1815. Pizza M, et al. Identification of vaccine candidates against serogroup B meningococcus by whole-genome sequencing. Science . 2000;287:1816-1820. Rappuoli R. Reverse vaccinology, a genome-based approach to vaccine development. Vaccine. 2001;19:2688-2691. Giuliani MM, et al. A universal vaccine for serogroup B meningococcus. PNAS . 2006;103:10834–10839. 1/Tettelin/title 3/Rappuoli/pg2691/col 1/ para 1 2/Pizza/p 1816/col 3/ para 2 4/Giuliani/pg10834/col 2/ para 2 and 10835/col1/para2
  10. Key Point: The 3 main protein antigens were selected for inclusion in the Novartis 4CMenB vaccine—fHbp, NadA, and NHBA—based on their importance for the survival, function, virulence, or pathogenicity of the meningococci. Adding the PorA component of the New Zealand vaccine expands coverage to include important clonal complexes. Slide Overview: NadA: neisserial adhesin A is important for 2 reasons: Novel bacterial invasin that promotes adhesion to and invasion into human epithelial cells 1-3 Possible importance in carriage fHbp: factor H binding protein was historically thought to primarily bind to factor H, which enables bacterial survival. 5,6 However, new evidence suggests its true primary function is bacterial siderophore enterobactin binding ( shown in vitro). 4 Furthermore, it was recently shown that NspA, another protein, binds human factor H with higher affinity and specificity than fHbp, thus supporting the possibility for this newly identified primary function. 7 NHBA: neisserial heparin-binding antigen Present in virtually all strains and binds heparin, which may increase the serum resistance of bacteria 8-10 NZ PorA 1.4: porin A Major outer membrane vesicles protein—produces robust antibody response References: Comanducci M, et al. NadA, a novel vaccine candidate of Neisseria meningitidis. J Exp Med. 2002;195:1445-1454. Capecchi B, et al. Neisseria meningitidis NadA is a new invasin which promotes bacterial adhesion to and penetration into human epithelial cells. Mol Microbiol. 2005;55:687-698. Mazzon C, et al. IFN-gamma and R-848 dependent activation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells by Neisseria meningitidis adhesin A. J Immunol . 2007;179:3904-3916. Veggi D, et al. Presented at IPNC. Banff, Canada. September 11-16, 2010. Madico G, et al. The meningococcal vaccine candidate GNA1870 binds the complement regulatory protein factor H and enhances serum resistance. J Immunol. 2006;177:501-510. Schneider MC, et al. Functional significance of factor H binding to Neisseria meningitidis. J Immunol. 2006;176:7566-7575. Lewis LA, et al. The meningococcal vaccine candidate neisserial surface protein A (NspA) binds to factor H and enhances meningococcal resistance to complement. PLoS Pathog . 2010;6:e1001027. Serruto D, et al. Neisseria meningitidis GNA2132, a heparin-binding protein that induces protective immunity in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 2010;107:3770-3775. Welsch JA, et al. Antibody to genome-derived neisserial antigen 2132, a Neisseria meningitidis candidate vaccine, confers protection against bacteremia in the absence of complement-mediated bactericidal activity. J Infect Dis . 2003;188:1730-1740. Plested JS, Granoff DM. Vaccine-induced opsonophagocytic immunity to Neisseria meningitidis group B. Clin Vaccine Immunol . 2008;15:799-804.
  11. Key Point: The clinical program developed to assess the efficacy and safety of 4CMenB was diverse in terms of ages, dosing schedules, and geographic locations. Slide Overview: The 8 studies conducted were P4, P5, P6, P9, P10, P12, P13, and P13 extension (E1).
  12. Key Point: 4CMenB is expected to be indicated for active immunization of individuals 2 months of age and older against invasive disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B strains. Slide Overview: Infants aged 2 to 5 months The primary infant series consists of 3 doses, each of 0.5 mL, with an interval of at least 1 month between doses. The first dose may be given as early as 6 weeks of age. A booster dose is recommended between 12 and 23 months of age. Unvaccinated infants aged 6 to 11 months The vaccination schedule consists of 2 doses of 0.5 mL with an interval of at least 2 months between doses. A booster dose is recommended in the second year of life with an interval of at least 2 months between the primary series and booster dose. Unvaccinated toddlers and children aged 12 months to 10 years of age The vaccination schedule consists of 2 doses of 0.5 mL with an interval of at least 2 months between doses. The need for a booster dose after this vaccination schedule has not been established. Individuals 11 years of age and older Two doses, each of 0.5 mL, with an interval of at least 1 month between doses. The need for a booster dose after this vaccination schedule has not been established. The safety and immunogenicity of 4CMenB in individuals older than 50 years have not been established.
  13. We want to make it available everywhere Approval vs. Launch * Note: Due to importation, distribution and other regulatory requirements as well as price negotiations, a licensed vaccine may not be marketed in a given country. Registration pending in 26 additional GAVI-eligible countries + WHO pre-qualification submitted Potential Q: which GAVI countries have access to GARDASIL? Indonesia, Kenya and Nicaragua