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Keynote address delivered at the SUNY COTE Summit, February 2015. This talk (1) connects the concepts of democratizing innovation, permissionless innovation, and infrastructure to education, (2) clearly defines "open," briefly reviews research on the student success impacts of using OER, (3) discusses open pedagogy, (4) discusses the ethic of open, and (5) closes with a list of three things faculty can do to start being more open in their practice.
Co-Founder and Chief Academic Officer, Lumen Learning
Keynote address delivered at the SUNY COTE Summit, February 2015. This talk (1) connects the concepts of democratizing innovation, permissionless innovation, and infrastructure to education, (2) clearly defines "open," briefly reviews research on the student success impacts of using OER, (3) discusses open pedagogy, (4) discusses the ethic of open, and (5) closes with a list of three things faculty can do to start being more open in their practice.
4.
“Permissionless Innovation”
Adam Thierer
“Democratizing Innovation”
Eric Von Hippel
5.
Don't EVER make the mistake [of
thinking] that you can design
something better than what you get
from ruthless massively parallel trial-
and-error with a feedback cycle.
That's giving your intelligence
_much_ too much credit.
Linus Torvalds
Creator of Linux
19.
“You may not take any Online Course offered by Coursera or
use any Statement of Accomplishment as part of any tuition-
based or for-credit certification or program for any college,
university, or other academic institution without the express
written permission from Coursera. Such use of an Online
Course or Statement of Accomplishment is a violation of these
Terms of Use.”
32.
Open
1. Free and unfettered access
2. Perpetual, irrevocable 5R permissions
33.
• Make and own a copyRetain
• Use in a wide range of waysReuse
• Adapt, modify, and improveRevise
• Combine two or moreRemix
• Share with othersRedistribute
The 5Rs
35.
• Make and own a copyRetain
• Use in a wide range of waysReuse
• Adapt, modify, and improveRevise
• Combine two or moreRemix
• Share with othersRedistribute
The 5Rs
36.
License Comments
No one can definitively say what
“noncommercial” means, including
Creative Commons
Creates license incompatibility issues with
other openly licensed materials
Mandated by foundations and
governments, adopted by modern projects
37.
License Comments
No one can definitively say what
“noncommercial” means, including
Creative Commons
Creates license incompatibility issues with
other openly licensed materials
Mandated by foundations and
governments, adopted by modern projects
38.
Open
1. Free and unfettered access
2. Perpetual, irrevocable 5R permissions
39.
“Faux-pen”
1. Free (possibly gated) access
2. All rights reserved (or stronger)
43.
Copyright
Regulates
Handwriting Printing Press Internet
Copying
of a textbook
$1000s per
copy
$1s per copy $0.0001s per
copy
Distributing
a textbook
$1000s per
copy
$1s per copy $0.0001s per
copy
48.
Open Is Worth Defending
And must be defended vigorously
49.
64
Textbook Costs and Student Success
Outcomes
Six-year
graduation
rate for
open access
institutions
33%
Avg. annual textbook
cost per college
student
$1,200
Costs growing
3x
inflation
Cost
students go without
textbooks due to cost
6 in 10
take fewer
courses
due to
textbook
cost
35%
Access
of community college
students achieve
credential goals
<50%
50.
65
Internet, Textbook Costs, Student Success
Outcomes
Six-year
graduation
rate for
open access
institutions
?%
Avg. annual textbook
cost per college
student
< $50
Costs
dropping
Cost
students go without
textbooks due to cost
0 in 10
take fewer
courses
due to
textbook
cost
0%
Access
of community college
students achieve
credential goals
?%
53.
Method
Quasi-experimental design with:
• Propensity Score Matching
• Dependent variables: Completion; C or
Better; Credits Enrolled This Term; Next
Term
• Independent variable: Textbook condition
• Covariates: age, gender, and race
54.
Results
Increased:
• Completion (X2
res = +2.9, -2.9)
• C or Better (X2
res = -2.5, +2.7)
• Credits this term t(8101) = 27.81, p < .01
• Credits next term F(1, 6440) = 154.08,
p <.01
55.
Developmental Math
Published in Educause Review
56.
From textbook and MyMathLab ($170)
To OER and MyOpenMath ($5)
57.
73
% Completing with C or Better
48.4%
60.2%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Spring
2011
No OER
Spring
2013
All OER
58.
“Mad” “Glad”
“Sad” “Rad”
Cost
Completing with C or Better
Student Success per Dollar
0 100%
$200
59.
“Mad” “Glad”
“Sad” “Rad”
Cost
Completing with C or Better
Pearson
Student Success per Dollar
0 100%
$200
60.
“Mad” “Glad”
“Sad” “Rad”
Cost
Completing with C or Better
Pearson
OER
Student Success per Dollar
0 100%
$200
61.
Completing with C or Better
Student Success per Dollar
0 100%
0
50
100
150
200
250
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Cost
$250
$0
62.
Associates of Business
“Z Degree”
Graduate without ever buying a textbook
World’s first “all-OER” degree
~30% cheaper for students
63.
When a student drops, it..
Slows down their graduation
Costs the institution tuition dollars
(refunds)
66.
Open
Outcomes
Open
Assessments
Open
Educational
Resources
Open
Credentials
Open Education Infrastructure
What are we defending?
67.
Open
Outcomes
Open
Assessments
Open
Educational
Resources
Open
Credentials
Open Pedagogy
Open Sustainability / Business Models
Open Education Infrastructure
68.
Open Pedagogy
The set of things you can do when
outcomes, assessments, and resources
are open that you cannot do otherwise.