1.
Rediscover with Python
Cybozu Labs.
NISHIO Hirokazu
PyCon JP Keynote Speech
English version
2014-09-17
14年9月17日水曜日1

2.
I gave my speech in Japanese and
unfortunately simultaneous
interpretation was not recorded. So I
rewrite important part of my slide into
English for non-Japanese speakers.
14年9月17日水曜日2

3.
self introduction
14年9月17日水曜日3

4.
self introduction
• Cybozu Labs.
14年9月17日水曜日3

5.
self introduction
• Cybozu Labs.
• Researching next generation groupware
14年9月17日水曜日3

6.
self introduction
• Cybozu Labs.
• Researching next generation groupware
• What is groupware?
14年9月17日水曜日3

7.
examples of groupware
kintone is our product: https://www.kintone.com/
14年9月17日水曜日4

8.
What is groupware?
coined by Douglas C. Engelbart, the inventor of mouse and GUI
14年9月17日水曜日5

9.
What is groupware?
Group + Software
coined by Douglas C. Engelbart, the inventor of mouse and GUI
14年9月17日水曜日5

10.
Augmenting Human Intellect
Augment Human’s ability
with software
Douglas C. Engelbart "Augmenting Human Intellect: A Conceptual Framework" (1962)
14年9月17日水曜日6

11.
Augmenting Group Intellect
Augment group’s ability
with software
= Groupware
14年9月17日水曜日7

12.
word2vec
Computer read text and
understand relation
between words in the text
my book. published on May
14年9月17日水曜日8

13.
人間
コンピュータ
You may think like this
14年9月17日水曜日9

14.
人間+コンピュータ
=増強された人間
人間
I prefer to think like this
14年9月17日水曜日10

15.
Example
To monitor yourself won’t works well. When you are in bad
condition, monitoring is also in bad condition. So you can’t
notice you are in bad condition.
One solution is monitoring by another person. But sense of
shame and pride will cause problems.
14年9月17日水曜日11

16.
Another solution is monitoring by computer. It solves
“shame and pride” problems.
14年9月17日水曜日12

17.
This is a prototype. You can consult with the
system to motivate yourself. 13000 people
used it and 6000 people was motivated.
14年9月17日水曜日13

18.
14 channels brain wave sensor
Another approach is going.
14年9月17日水曜日14

19.
Human→Machine touch panel
Machine→Human
liquid crystal
(multi-touch)
switch
mouse
keyboard
camera
scanner
paper CRT 3D TV
e-ink HMD
Method to copy information from/to human is evolved
14年9月17日水曜日15

20.
Machine→Human
paper CRT liquid crystal 3D TV
e-ink HMD
book e-book
But books are not evolved much
We need next generation “book reading”.
Computer should monitor human reading books,
and augment its performance.
I think brain-wave and hi-reso HMD are the key to future.
14年9月17日水曜日16

21.
4 elements to augment human
• 1: Artifacts:
computer, software, etc.
• 2: Language:
jargon to refer special concepts, design patterns, etc.
• 3: Methodology:
procedure and strategy for solving problems, etc.
• 4: Training: achieve skills to use 1～3
Engelbart "Augmenting Human Intellect: A Conceptual Framework" (1962)
14年9月17日水曜日17

22.
theme of this conference:
Rediscover with Python
14年9月17日水曜日18

23.
How to discover?
→Methodology to find unknown
14年9月17日水曜日19

24.
When you see something...
14年9月17日水曜日20

25.
You see some part of the object
14年9月17日水曜日21

26.
If you see the object from the
left side, it looks like a sphere.
But if you see it from the bottom
side, you find it has a tail!
It is the process to
discover unknown
14年9月17日水曜日22

27.
How to discover?
→Change Perspective
14年9月17日水曜日23

28.
known ↔ unknown
Two? no, it’s not correct.
14年9月17日水曜日24

29.
obviously
known
obviously
unknown
Between known and unknown...
14年9月17日水曜日25

30.
obviously
known
obviously
unknown
不明not obvious
There are things which you don’t know
that you don’t know them.
“obvious” = “明” in Japanese
14年9月17日水曜日26

31.
blind spot
• Between “Things you know” and
“Things you don’t know”,
“Things you don’t know that you don’t
know them” exists
• You don’t see it, but you don’t notice
you don’t see it,
that is the blind spot
14年9月17日水曜日27

32.
Clarify what you know
obviously
known
obviously
unknown
14年9月17日水曜日28

33.
←blind spot
Out of the border you can find
blind spot
obviously
known
obviously
unknown
14年9月17日水曜日29

34.
←blindspot
Then the border expands
obviously
known
obviously
unknown
14年9月17日水曜日30

35.
How to find blind spot?
14年9月17日水曜日31

36.
In my book published in April
2013, I introduced three way
to learn
Comparison
History
Experience
Japanese, Korean, Chinese version are available,
English version is on going. http://nhiro.org/langbook/en.html
14年9月17日水曜日32

37.
In my special feature article in this April, I added two
Comparison
History
Experience
+
Abstraction
Communication
14年9月17日水曜日33

38.
How to find blind spot?
Comparison
History
Experience
Abstraction
Communication
14年9月17日水曜日34

39.
Comparison
• You can find blind spot by comparing
programming languages
“In Ruby, 0 is true?! In Python it is false!”
“It differs among languages?”
“What is the definition in Python??”
object.__nonzero__(self)
Called to implement truth value testing and the built-in operation bool();
14年9月17日水曜日35

40.
History
• You can find blind spot by learning history.
“Why Python has new-style class and old class?”
→(Learn history)
→ “To unify types and classes? It’s important!”
“Old class has problem on method resolution order,
so we need new-style class. I got it.”
Unifying types and classes in Python 2.2 | Python.org
https://www.python.org/download/releases/2.2.3/descrintro
14年9月17日水曜日36

41.
Experience
• You can find blind spot by doing based on your
understanding. Especially it won’t work as you
think.
“Oops, why 1/2 goes into 0? I think it goes 0.5!”
PEP 238 -- Changing the Division Operator
http://legacy.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0238/
If you think it is obviously
goes into 0, you didn’t find
your blind spot. You should
experience Python 3.
14年9月17日水曜日37

42.
Abstraction
• You can find blind spot by learning abstract
model and connect it to your experience. It
helps you verbalize implicit knowledge.
“Ah, I’m used to the coding pattern but I
didn’t know it was called Mediator Pattern!”
“Mailing lists are also Mediator Pattern in
information sharing domain!”
Abstract model can connect experiences
in different domain/person/situation.
14年9月17日水曜日38

43.
Communication
• You can find blind spot by talking with other
people who have different experiences.
“I have a problem...” “You can solve it by ...”
“Oh! Nice idea!” “But it is common in GUI
programming” “Hmm, I don’t know on GUI”
14年9月17日水曜日39

44.
How to find blind spot?
Comparison
History
Experience
Abstraction
Communication
14年9月17日水曜日40

45.
Communication
14年9月17日水曜日41

46.
Office Hour
13:00-13:30
Blog, Mail
see http://nhiro.org/
14年9月17日水曜日42

47.
Q&A
14年9月17日水曜日43

48.
Q: Some people ignore the chance
to find blind spot. How can I
manage them?
14年9月17日水曜日44

49.
A: “U Theory” is targeting
the problem. I’ll give lecture
on that in Kyoto Univ.
Summer Design School.
After that you can read my
slides on U soon.
http://www.design.kyoto-u.ac.jp/sds2014/ja/theme01.html
14年9月17日水曜日45

50.
A: First, “How to manage
others” is not good
attitude. Change yourself
first.
14年9月17日水曜日46

51.
A: Second, you (and I)
sometimes ignore the
chance to find blind spot
too. It’s common. Be aware
and be careful. That helps
you find blind spot.
14年9月17日水曜日47

52.
A: Start from small step.
Make useful result by
finding blind spot.
Successful experience
make you confident.
14年9月17日水曜日48

53.
from my lecture
U Curve
PDCA Cycle and U Curve
U Curve
Otto Scharmer “U Theory”
state
action
14年9月17日水曜日49

54.
from my lecture
U Curve
PDCA Cycle and U Curve
U Curve
←You stick on false belief and you don’t see.
Otto Scharmer “U Theory”
state
action
14年9月17日水曜日50

55.
from my lecture
U Curve
PDCA Cycle and U Curve
U Curve
←You see, but from your perspective.
Otto Scharmer “U Theory”
state
action
You draw boundary between self and others,
thinking “they don’t do ...(some good action)”
14年9月17日水曜日51

56.
Q: Is it important to
make abstract models?
14年9月17日水曜日52

57.
A: Yes, it’s important.
14年9月17日水曜日53

58.
Section 3 of my
special feature
is how to make
models.
You can read them(but in Japanese)
http://gihyo.jp/lifestyle/feature/01/engineer-studying
14年9月17日水曜日54

59.
A: Sense of “I got it” is also
hypothesis. Hypothesis
should be tested.
Do action based on your
understanding and check
the result.
14年9月17日水曜日55

60.
A: If the result differ from your
understanding, it is chance to
adjust your models. To repeat the
process you can achieve better
models, and then based on that
you can make larger model.
This is a method.
14年9月17日水曜日56

61.
A: Another method KJ
method and grounded
theory. They are used in
domains, in which
experiments are difficult.
14年9月17日水曜日57

62.
A: I’ll introduce KJ method
roughly. First, collect a lot
of data. Don’t filter based
on your prejudice. Spread
all data on your desk.
14年9月17日水曜日58

63.
A: Human’s woring
memory is about seven.
But if you put data on
your desk, you can see
100~200 data at a time.
14年9月17日水曜日59

64.
A: Seeing 100 data, moving
them physically, making
structure from bottom up,
and then you get models
on your desk.
(Models in my book and special features are also developed
with KJ method)
14年9月17日水曜日60

65.
Q: 5 ways to find blind
spot are not same on time
series.
14年9月17日水曜日61

66.
A: Good point. It’s my blind point.
Sure, “Abstraction” is follower. A
person without any programming
experience can not find blind spot
by reading design patterns
textbooks. Abstract models in book
doesn’t connect to his experience.
14年9月17日水曜日62

67.
Q: How to share know-how
among testers.
(detail omitted)
14年9月17日水曜日63

68.
A: It looks a problem to
share implicit, not
verbalized, knowledge.
One method is “work
together”
14年9月17日水曜日64

69.
A: By working together, we can
share knowledge without
verbalizing them.
Additionally, if one person is
prohibited to do anything
except for talking what to do, it
prompt verbalization.
Ref: Keith Sawyer "Group Genius: The Creative Power of Collaboration"
14年9月17日水曜日65

70.
A: We can make manuals
only after we verbalized
our knowledge.
Verbalization is difficult
job. Delegating the job
without any training
is bad idea.
14年9月17日水曜日66

71.
not verbalized knowledge
Ikujiro Nonaka "The knowledge creating company" Japanese version p93
from my lecture
verbalized
not verbalized
14年9月17日水曜日67

72.
not verbalized knowledge
Ikujiro Nonaka "The knowledge creating company" Japanese version p93
from my lecture
verbalized
not verbalized
↑pair programming, work together
14年9月17日水曜日68

73.
Q: I make template to
share information and use
it. By answering questions,
required information will
be collected.
14年9月17日水曜日69

74.
A: Nice method. Even if
someone can not verbalize
himself, they can answer
to specific questions. It’s
common. Making good
questions are useful.
14年9月17日水曜日70

75.
A: However, be careful.
Sometimes we lose
information which is not fit
to the template.
Innovative information
don’t fit to existing
template.
14年9月17日水曜日71