Overview of the community based
data collected within the
Women2030 Gender Assessment in
Macedonia

Towards the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) until 2030 with a focus on
Gender Equality (SDG 5) and Climate Action
Gender Assessment in Macedonia: Collecting community based data to give a significant VOICE to local people in the monitoring of the SDG
• Women2030 Interviews:
1st Part. Basic Questionnaire: 5 Questions / 250 interviews - 202 women and 48men
2nd Part. Focus Group Discussion: 7 Questions
Men
19%
Women
81%
Rural
30%
Periurban
38%
Urban
32%

Survey respondents – demographic information
Survey respondents by gender, location and age group Respondents by marital status and gender
 250 persons participated in the survey: 202 (81%) were women and 48 (19%)men
• Respondents by AGE GROUPS
• Around 85 % of total interviewed population to the age group from 25 to 55 years
• Respondents by MARITAL status
Men - rural,
15
Women -
rural, 60
Men -
periurban,
17
Women -
periurban,
78
Men -
urban, 16
Women -
urban, 64
15 -
25
5%
25 -
35
23%
35-45
32%
45-55
30%
55-65
10%
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Men Women Men Women Men Women
Rural Periurban Urban
%
15 - 25 25 - 35 35-45 45-55 55-65 65-95
Marrie
d
64%
Single
25%
Divorc
ed
6%
Widow
/er
5%Total
Marri
ed
53%
Single
38%
Divorc
ed
7%
Widow/er
2%
Men
Married
66%
Single
22%
Divorce
d
6% Widow/er
6%
Women

Survey repondents by education level and gender
• Respondents by EMPLOYMENT status: respondents mostly employed; slightly lower women´s employment, especially in rural area
• Employment status by gender and location
• Education level by gender and location
Survey respondents – demographic information
• Respondents by EDUCATION level
Survey repondents by employment status and gender
primary
education
4% secondar
y
education
19%
vocationa
l training
23%
not finished
higher
education
42%
university
12%
Menprimary
educatio
n
5%
secondar
y
educatio
n
35%
vocation
al
training
26%
not
finished
higher
educatio
n
19%
university
15%
Womenprimary
educatio
n
5%
secondar
y
educatio
n
32%vocational
training
25%
not
finished
higher
educatio
n
23%
universit
y
15%
Total
employed
94%
unemploy
ed
6%
Men
employ
ed
74%
unemployed
26%
Women
employed
78%
unemplo
yed
22%
Total
100
57
94
81
88
81
0
43
6
19
12
19
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
RuralUrban
Peri
Urban
employed unemployed
13
17
0
0
0
1
27
48
13
14
18
42
47
25
13
27
12
26
13
5
44
33
65
18
0
5
31
27
6
13
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Men
Women
Men
Women
Men
Women
RuralUrbanPeriUrban
primary education secondary education
vocational training not finished higher education
university

(Q1) Question about time spent for paid, unpaid work and leisure time
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
Men Women Men Women Men Women
Rural Periurban Urban
hours/day
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
Men Women Men Women Men Women
Rural Periurban Urban
hours/day
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
Rural Peri-urban Urban
hours/day
Gender differences in domestic time and free time -
positive figure shows male advantage
Domestic work Free time
*Domestic work such as preparing meals, cleaning the house, maintenance of house & garden, fetching water, fetching firewood, child care, voluntary work, public activities
**Free time and relaxing like watching TV, playing games, reading, etc
• Average time (hours/day) for domestic work* by gender and region • Average free time** (hours/day) by gender and region
• Women in rural region have 2.7 hours daily less leasure time than men, and they spend 4.6
hours daily more then men doing domestic work
• The gender gaps in peri-urban and urban area are similar: women from both urban and
peri-urban region spend 1.5 hours daily less than men on leaisure activities, and 1.7-1.8
hours daily more than men for domestic work
 Men in all three regions reported spending more time on
leisure activities and less time for domestic work than women

(Q2) Question about living conditions
• Percentage (%) of the survey respondents that think that their living conditions
in terms of: economic situation, housing, water, sanitation and energy are
bad or very bad.
• Disaggregation of data by age group – not relevant
 Rural respondents (both female and male) were more
likely to be dissatisfied than urban respondents
especially with their economic situation
20
7 7 7 7
27
17
12
10
12
Economic situation Housing Water Sanitation Energy
RuralMen Women
6 6 6 6 65
2 0 0 0
Economic situation Housing Water Sanitation Energy
Urban
0 0 0 0 0
5
1 0 0 1
Economic situation Housing Water Sanitation Energy
Peri-urban

(Q3) Question about hygiene and sanitation at home and at work/school
TO WOMEN: Do you have decent sanitation and hygiene
conditions and were you able to wash and change in privacy during
your last menstrual period?
If you have a daughter or personally know a girl
in your family or neighbourhood in age of puberty
(between 10 and 18 years old) who goes to school:
does your daughter or this girl have decent sanitation
and hygiene conditions at school and is she able to wash
and change in privacy in school during her last menstrual
period?
TO MEN: Do you have decent sanitation and
hygiene conditions?
• Respondents perception on hygiene and sanitation at home and at work/school
good/yes
95%
bad/no
5%
Women at home
/RURAL
good/yes
100%
Women at home /
Urban
good/ye
s…
bad/
no
93%
Daughters/girls in
school /RURAL
good/yes
26%
bad/no
72%
don´t
know
2%
Daughters/girls in
school/URBAN
good/yes
93%
bad/no
7%
Men at home /RURAL
good/yes
100%
Men at home
/URBAN
good/yes
93%
bad/no
7%
Men at work / RURAL
good/yes
100%
Men at work /
URBAN
MEN: Mostly satisfied
For daughters/girls: Mostly dissatisfied
WOMEN at WORK: Mostly satisfied
good/yes
91%
bad/no
6%
don´t know
3%
Employed WOMEN /
RURAL
good/yes
88%
bad/
no
10%
do
n´…
Employed
WOMEN/URBAN
good/yes
100%
Women at home /peri urban
good/yes
10%
bad/
no
90%
Daughters/girls at
school/ peri-urban
good/yes
100%
Men at home /peri-
urban
good/yes
95%
bad/no
5%
Employed women at work / Periurban
good/yes
100%
EMployed Men at work
/ Peri-urban

(Q4) Question about decision-making
*positive opinion – (1) totally agree, (2) somehow agree
• Percentage (%) of all survey respondents in rural, peri-urban and urban areas that expressed positive opinion* on participation of WOMEN
in community/neighbourhood meetings and in decision-making at local and national level
67
73
67
55
40
55
participate in
meetings
influence on local influence on national
RURAL
94
81
100
97
59
95
participate in
meetings
influence on local influence on national
URBAN
88
65
94
77
59
82
participate in
meetings
influence on local influence on national
PERI-URBAN
 Both genders think that women have the least influence/participation on local level
 Rural respondents are more sceptical about women´s participation in decision making processes, but still likely positive

get official marriage/divorce papers
for women
campaign to stop violence against
women
safer public transportation
punish parents/religious
organisations for underage
marriage
pre-school for children from 3 - 5
yrs
more paid work for women
equal pay for women doing the
same work as men
Men (Rural)
Women (Rural)
Men (Urban)
Women (Urban)
Men
Women
(Q5) Question on equality between men and women
The answer choices with the
higest priority for both genders in
rural and urban areas:
equal pay and more paid work
for women
Respondents´ average ranking of 8 (+ others) proposed issues that could help improving equality between women and men in their
community/neighbourhood

(Q3) Question about hygiene and sanitation at home and at work/school
TO WOMEN: Do you have decent sanitation and hygiene
conditions and were you able to wash and change in privacy during
your last menstrual period?
If you have a daughter or personally know a girl
in your family or neighbourhood in age of puberty
(between 10 and 18 years old) who goes to school:
does your daughter or this girl have decent sanitation
and hygiene conditions at school and is she able to wash
and change in privacy in school during her last menstrual
period?
TO MEN: Do you have decent sanitation and
hygiene conditions?
• Respondents perception on hygiene and sanitation at home and at work/school
good/yes
95%
bad/no
5%
Women at home
/RURAL
good/yes
100%
Women at home /
Urban
good/ye
s…
bad/
no
93%
Daughters/girls in
school /RURAL
good/yes
26%
bad/no
72%
don´t
know
2%
Daughters/girls in
school/URBAN
good/yes
93%
bad/no
7%
Men at home /RURAL
good/yes
100%
Men at home
/URBAN
good/yes
93%
bad/no
7%
Men at work / RURAL
good/yes
100%
Men at work /
URBAN
MEN: Mostly satisfied
For daughters/girls: Mostly dissatisfied
WOMEN at WORK: Mostly satisfied
good/yes
91%
bad/no
6%
don´t know
3%
Employed WOMEN /
RURAL
good/yes
88%
bad/
no
10%
do
n´…
Employed
WOMEN/URBAN
good/yes
100%
Women at home /peri urban
good/yes
10%
bad/
no
90%
Daughters/girls at
school/ peri-urban
good/yes
100%
Men at home /peri-
urban
good/yes
95%
bad/no
5%
Employed women at work / Periurban
good/yes
100%
EMployed Men at work
/ Peri-urban