1.
By : Murniati. S.Pd, M.Si
DRAWING
ILLUSTRATION
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2.
Definition of Illustration
An illustration is a drawing, painting or printed work of art
which explains, clarifies, illuminates, visually represents, or
merely decorates a written text, which may be of a literary
or commercial nature.

3.
Illustrations had to be quite realistic, because there
was no photography to serve this purpose. Logically,
a huge market for illustration were magazines, newspapers
, and books. With time, illustrators gained more freedom
and their creativity and originality were now more
valued than their technical skills and ability to draw
realistically. That also explains the majority of styles in
illustrations that appeared.

4.
Types of illustration
A. Cartoon
A humorous or satirical drawing, esp one in a newspaper
or magazine, concerning a topical event A cartoon is a
type of illustration, sometimes animated, typically in a
non-realistic or semi-realistic style. The specific meaning
has evolved over time, but the modern usage usually
refers to either: an image or series of images intended for
satire,or humor; or a motion picture that relies on a
sequence of illustrations for its animation. Someone who
creates cartoons in the first sense is called a cartoonist

5.
B. Caricature
A caricature is a rendered image showing the features of
its subject in a simplified or exaggerated way through
sketching, pencil strokes, or through other artistic drawings
In literature, a caricature is a description of a person
using exaggeration of some characteristics and oversimplifi
cation of others. Caricatures can be insulting or complimen
tary and can serve a political purpose or be drawn solely
for entertainment.

6.
C. Comic
Comics is a medium used to express narratives
or other ideas through images, usually combined
with text. It typically takes the form of a sequence
of panels of images. Textual devices such as
speech ballons, captionss, and onomatopoeia
can indicate dialogue, narration, sound effects,
or other information. The size and arrangement
of panels contribute to narrative pacing.

7.
D. Illustration of Literary Works
Illustration of literary works is a hybrid narrative medium in which images and
text work together to tell a story. It can take various forms, including fiction writte
n for adults or children, magazine fiction, comic strips, and picture books
Literary works include nondramatic textual works with or without illustrations.
They may be published or nonpublished.
Examples of literary works:
- Fiction
- Nonfiction
- Manuscripts
- Poetry
- Contributions to collective works
- Compilations of data or other literary subject matter

8.
E. Vignette
Vignette is decorative designs in books (originally
in the form of leaves and vines) to separate
sections or chapters, short, impressionistic
scenes that focus on one moment or give a
particular insight into a character, idea, or setting

9.
Tools and Material Drawing Illustration
Dry Technique
A. Pencil illustration
Maybe one of the most popular types of illustration is the pencil one.
It is rich material, which allows you creating soft shadows and
transitions, as well creating sharp, accurate lines. Sometimes,
illustrators choose to keep the pencil sketch very loose and to draft
with a pencil – later on, they finish off the illustration with another
material.

10.
B. Charcoal illustration
Charcoal illustrations are often not as precise
as pen and pencil illustrations but are a preferred
choice for illustrating short stories, fast sketches,
nooks. Charcoal’s blendability lets the artist creat
e a range of textures, representing materials and
shadows, people, objects and the natural world.
Artists often use fingers and tissues to blend the
soft material, smudge and create smooth and
soft shadows.

11.
C. Pen Illustration
Every pen gives different results. Depending on what kind
of lines you want to achieve, you will have to choose an
adequate pen. Control, fluidity, thinness, and thickness of
the line are all determined by the pen you’re using.
Some of the most popular pen brands for ink drawings are
Spectrum Noir Artliner Pens, Sakura Pigma Micron Pens,
and Prismacolor Premier Illustration Pens.

12.
Wet Technique
A. Watercolor illustration
In watercolor illustrations, the main thing is to use color
pigments and to create nuances and different
transparencies by adding water to the color.
The overall feeling of watercolor illustrations is soft, airy,
with lots of depth. Illustrators prefer it for illustrating cook
books, feminine and fashion types of illustration, children
book illustration, as it is very light. It is one of the easiest
ways of creating splashes of color

13.
B. Acrylics illustration
Acrylics is one of the most prefered techniques for
beginners – it is relatively easier to work with them,
than with watercolor or oils. Still, the artist can achieve
both similar effects to oils and watercolors. One can paint
with them on almost any kind of surface and they become
water resistant, once they are dry. These paints are very
versatile as they also come as fluorescents, metalics and
other interesting effects.

14.
c. Ink illustration
Illustrating with ink allows the artist to create strong areas
of contrast. Most of the illustrations are done by using one
tint of ink on a light surface, which again helps achieving
high contrasting pieces. Inks are widely accessible and
affordable material, easy to transport and to work
expressively with. May be you remember the high contras
ts of the woodcut? Well, inking allows you to be more
mobile and to create even finer lines.

15.
D. Woodcutting
It is an ancient technique which you can see in some of the world’s
oldest surviving manuscripts. It was popular during the Middle Ages
and became the illustration type of choice after the invention of the
printing press. Carved block illustrations made it possible for mass
produced books to have beautiful illustrations all printed from the
same master cutting. The Metropolitan Museum of Art explains that
woodcut illustrations were also extremely popular in feudal Japan.

16.
E. Lithography
Lithography comes from the Greek word for stone.
Originally, the technique used an image drawn with oil, fat,
or wax onto the surface of a smooth, level lithographic
limestone plate. Today, most types of high-volume books
and magazines, especially when illustrated in color, are
printed with offset lithography, which has become the most
common form of printing technology since the 1960s.

17.
Styles in illustration
Concept Art
These types of illustration include Fantasy illustrations, illustrations for
Gaming, Animation and One-Pager Fine Illustrations. The term concept
first appreared back in 1930s, used probably first from Disney and it
was used in the automative industry as well. In concept illustration, the
artists creates several interepretations (concept) of a certain theme,
from which the client can choose from and see the different stages,
development and the process of creation of the illustration.

18.
Children’s
Children’s book illustration can be very diverse – from
realistic, full with details illustrations to very simplified,
child-like, naive drawings. It depends on the story, the
target age group and many more. Nevertheless, children’s
illustrations are colorful, narrating, there is always
something happening. The characters are cute and friendly.

19.
Advertising
While book and publication illustrations should be supporting and
illuminating a certain idea, without stealing the show from the text,
advertising type of illustration is meant to do just that – grab your
attention and make a lasting impression on one big idea or brand/
product. Many companies choose illustration as the medium to send
their message to the audience, because the style better translates
the idea than photography, for example.

20.
Packaging
The rise of digital technologies in the latter half of the 20th
century allowed businesses to scale rapidly and become
global. With unprecedented competition, packaging came
to be the way of differentiating the product on the shelf.
For some businesses such as jewelry, bakery, children’s
products, illustration is the most successful choice. It
offers personalized touch, elegance and custom feel.

21.
Branding / Logo
Branding/Logo type of illustration isa very specific style, requiring a
certain set of skills. For example, a logo should be recognizable and
readable at smaller sizes. Therefore, the illustrator should carefully
plan the details of the logo. Logos should be simple, yet grabbing
attention and memorable. Sometimes, businesses need more than a
logo illustration, but mascots, cartoonized version of their employees
or products. With their help, the brands enhance their presence and
impression on customers.