Different Types of Poetry

M
In your notebook . . .

List different types of poetry you
                know
Slam Poetry
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRdaY6RG
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5s9rqaM9

  – 3:30
Different Types of Poetry
• http://www.types-of-poetry.org.uk/
Examples
Example of ABC poem - author unknown
                Example:
     A lthough things are not perfect
         B ecause of trial or pain
         C ontinue in thanksgiving
          D o not begin to blame
     E ven when the times are hard
     F ierce winds are bound to blow
Examples
                Example of Allegory
                The Faerie Queene
                by Edmund Spenser

     Lo I the man, whose Muse whilome did maske,
    As time her taught, in lowly Shepheards weeds,
            Am now enforst a far vnfitter taske,
   For trumpets sterne to chaunge mine Oaten reeds,
      And sing of Knights and Ladies gentle deeds;
       Whose prayses hauing slept in silence long,
       Me, all too meane, the sacred Muse areeds
      To blazon broad emongst her learned throng:
Fierce warres and faithfull loues shall moralize my song.
Examples
Example of Name Poem
        Nicky by
       Marie Hughes
     Nicky is a Nurse
  It's her chosen career
   Children or Old folks
 Kindness in abundance
       Year after year
Different Types of Poetry
• Narrative Poetry: Narrative poems tell
  stories in verse. A number of them are
  very old and were originally intended to be
  recited to audiences
  – Homer's "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey".
  – Ballads are a type of narrative poetry
Narrative Poems
• Ballad: A short narrative poem with stanzas of two or
  four lines and usually a refrain.
   – The story of a ballad can originate from a wide range of subject
     matter but most frequently deals with folk-lore or popular
     legends.
   – They are written in straight-forward verse, seldom with detail, but
     always with graphic simplicity and force.
   – Most ballads are suitable for singing and, while sometimes
     varied in practice, are generally written in ballad meter, i.e.,
     alternating lines of iambic tetrameter and iambic trimeter, with
     the last words of the second and fourth lines rhyming.
   – Major part of oral tradition
Ballad Example
              Ballad of the Cool Fountain
              Fountain, coolest fountain,
                   Cool fountain of love,
Where all the sweet birds comeFor comforting-but one,
                     A widow turtledove,
                       Sadly sorrowing,
                 At once the nightingale,
              That wicked bird, came by,
            And spoke these honied words:
      "My lady, if you will,I shall be your slave.“
                    "You are my enemy:
              Begone, you are not true!“
           Green boughs no longer rest me,
                 Nor any budding grove.
         Clear springs, where there are such,
               Turn muddy at my touch.
                I want no spouse to love
                 Nor any children either.
    I forego that pleasure and their comfort too.
              No, leave me; you are false
                And wicked-vile, untrue!
               I'll never be your mistress
                   !I'll never marry you!
Ballad Exmaples
  A narrative poem: "The Broken-Legg'd
        Man" by John Mackey Shaw

http://www2.nkfust.edu.tw/~emchen/CLit/Broken
Lyric Poetry
• Lyric poetry typically describes the poet's
  innermost feelings or candid observations
  and evokes a musical quality in its sounds
  and rhythms.
• Lyric poems exhibit an endless variety of
  forms.
Different Types of Lyrical Poetry
• Lyric poems focus on the sound and rhythm
• Haiku: a lyric, unrhymed poem of Japanese
  origin with seventeen syllables divided into three
  lines.
  – It is usually on the subject of nature and humans'
    relationship to nature.
                   The moon is a week old -
                      A dandelion to blow
                     Scattering star seed.
Haiku Format
   I am first with five
Then seven in the middle --
    Five again to end.
Different Types of Lyrical Poetry
• Cinquain: a five-line stanza apparently of
  medieval origin, often with two, four, six, eight,
  and two syllables respectively in the five lines.
                      Listen...
               With faint dry sound,
           Like steps of passing ghosts,
   The leaves, frost-crisp'd, break from the trees
                   And fall.       
Different Types of Lyrical Poetry
• Sonnet: a very old form of poetry, having
  gained prominence during the
  Renaissance, but not found much in
  poetry for children.
  – It contains fourteen lines, each line with five
    iambic feet (or ten syllables).
  – Shakespeare wrote Sonnets
Sonnet Example
      OH for a poet -- for a beacon bright
 To rift this changeless glimmer of dead gray;
    To spirit back the Muses, long astray,
   And flush Parnassus with a newer light;
    To put these little sonnet-men to flight
  Who fashion, in a shrewd, mechanic way,
  Songs without souls, that flicker for a day,
          To vanish in irrevocable night.

 What does it mean, this barren age of ours?
Here are the men, the women, and the flowers,
   The seasons, and the sunset, as before.
 What does it mean? Shall not one bard arise
To wrench one banner from the western skies,
   And mark it with his name forevermore?
Different Types of Lyrical Poetry
• Limerick: a five-line humorous poem, the
  first, second, and fifth lines rhyming and
  the third and fourth lines rhyming.
  – It is one of the most popular poetic forms
    among children
  – The fun of the limerick lies in its rollicking
    rhythm and its broad humor
Limerick Example
    Imagine a skunk who proposes,
To his true love, surrounded by roses.
        It may turn out just fine,
       When she falls for his line,
But I wonder if flowers have noses?   
Different Types of Lyrical Poetry
• Free Verse: adhering to no predetermined
  rules, but usually with its own intricate
  patterns of rhyme and rhythm
  – It requires the same thoughtful choice of
    words and rhythmical patterns as the more
    rigid stanza forms.
Free Verse
                                My Shadow
                           by Robert Louis Stevenson

I have a little shadow that goes in and out with me,
And what can be the use of him is more than I can see.
He is very, very like me from the heels up to the head;
And I see him jump before me, when I jump into my bed.
The funniest thing about him is the way he likes to grow--
Not at all like proper children, which is always very slow;
For he sometimes shoots up taller like an india-rubber ball,
And he sometimes goes so little that there's none of him at all.
He hasn't got a notion of how children ought to play,
And can only make a fool of me in every sort of way.
He stays so close behind me, he's a coward you can see;
I'd think shame to stick to nursie as that shadow sticks to me!
One morning, very early, before the sun was up,
I rose and found the shining dew on every buttercup;
But my lazy little shadow, like an arrant sleepy-head,
Had stayed at home behind me and was fast asleep in bed.
Free Verse
                Feelings, Now
Some kind of attraction that is neither
Animal, vegetable, nor mineral, a power not
Solar, fusion, or magnetic
And it is all in my head that
I could see into his
And find myself sitting there.
Different Types of Lyrical Poetry
• Concrete Poetry: The words of a poem
  are arranged to form a pictorial
  representation of the poem's subject.
• http://bootless.net/mouse.html
Other Types
• Poems can be lyrical or narrative and
  something else
• An Epic is a long narrative poem
  celebrating the adventures and
  achievements of a hero
  – Epics deal with the traditions, mythical or
    historical, of a nations
  – Beowulf, The Iliad and the Odyssey, and
    Aeneid
Other Types
• Ode: An Ode is a poem praising and glorifying a
  person, place or thing
• “Ode” comes from the Greek word “oide”
  meaning “to sing or chant.”
                Ode to a Goldfish

                       O
                      Wet
                      Pet
Ode Example
                 Ode to Aphrodite
     Deathless Aphrodite, throned in flowers,
    Daughter of Zeus, O terrible enchantress,
With this sorrow, with this anguish, break my spirit
                 Lady, not longer!
     Hear anew the voice! O hear and listen!
   Come, as in that island dawn thou camest,
       Billowing in thy yoked car to Sappho
               Forth from thy father's
              Golden house in pity! ...
Other Types
• Poems can be satirical, political,
  revolutionary, scandalous
• Poems can pretty much be whatever you
  want or need
• Different parts of the world all have their
  own form of poetry
• Written, spoken, to music
Odes
• Write your own ode
• Choose someone or something to write an
  ode about
• Open format
Name That Poem
What Type of Poem Is It???
    GIVE him the darkest inch your shelf allows,
       Hide him in lonely garrets, if you will, --
     But his hard, human pulse is throbbing still
  With the sure strength that fearless truth endows.
         In spite of all fine science disavows,
      Of his plain excellence and stubborn skill
     There yet remains what fashion cannot kill,
 Though years have thinned the laurel from his brows.

       Whether or not we read him, we can feel
        From time to time the vigor of his name
         Against us like a finger for the shame
        And emptiness of what our souls reveal
      In books that are as altars where we kneel
        To consecrate the flicker, not the flame.
SONNET!
• 14 lines
• 5 syllabals
Name That Poem
              Knights
          Armour ,shields
 Fighting, charging, slaughtering
Worried, delighted, brave, fearsome
             Crusaders
CINQUAIN
• 5 line stanza
Name That Poem
       A flea and a fly in a flue
Were caught, so what could they do?
      Said the fly, "Let us flee."
      "Let us fly," said the flea.
So they flew through a flaw in the flue.
LIMERICK
• 5 lines
• Rhyming
• Humorous
Name That Poem
Green and speckled legs,
Hop on logs and lily pads
 Splash in cool water.
HAIKU
• 17 syllabals
• 3 lines
• Nature
Name That Poem
                    Annabel Lee
             It was many and may a year ago,
                  In a kingdom by the sea,
      That a maiden there lived whom you may know
              By the name of ANNABEL LEE;
      And this maiden she lived with no other thought
             Than to love and be loved by me.
             I was a child and she was a child,
                In this kingdom by the sea;
     But we loved with a love that was more than love-
                  I and my Annabel Lee;
      With a love that the winged seraphs of heaven
                    Coveted her and me.
           And this was the reason that, long ago,
                 In this kingdom by the sea,
             A wind blew out of a cloud, chilling
                  My beautiful Annabel Lee;
            So that her highborn kinsman came
                And bore her away from me,
               To shut her up in a sepulchre
                 In this kingdom by the sea.
          The angels, not half so happy in heaven,
                 Went envying her and me-
        Yes!- that was the reason (as all men know,
                 In this kingdom by the sea)
        That the wind came out of the cloud by night,
            Chilling and killing my Annabel Lee.
       But our love it was stronger by far than the love
             Of those who were older than we-
                 Of many far wiser than we-
          And neither the angels in heaven above,
            Nor the demons down under the sea,
          Can ever dissever my soul from the soul
                Of the beautiful Annabel Lee.
   For the moon never beams without bringing me dreams
                Of the beautiful Annabel Lee;
      And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes
                Of the beautiful Annabel Lee;
        And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the side
       Of my darling- my darling- my life and my bride,
              In the sepulchre there by the sea,
              In her tomb by the sounding sea.
BALLAD
•   Stanzas
•   Musical
•   Refrain
•   Story
Name That Poem
           Mirror, Mirror
      My game face is blue.
      I must put it back on, see
   How much of my glory was real
         And how much fever.
I see drawn eyes, too much marring,
        A suit of swan feathers
    Without the matching shape.
    And however I imagine lights,
        No straw spins to gold.
     I see as I have been seen,
   Not radiant, but ashine in hope
          Yet to see a finish.
Free Verse
• No format
• Some rhyming and rhythm
Name That Poem
typhoons are not that strong
             sometimes                the narrative tree
          they behave like             has everything
      critics, passing by an               to offer
     island, saying, hey you           gentle, and soft
     are not an island after         and conversational
       all, you are just a hill
        fit for a Bollywood         but he wants to deny
                scene                  this kind of tree
                                             saying
          I am in that island         there is no such
           feeling some itch             thing as that
    of its breeze, but i was too            and this
               busy then
             climbing one             oh my, what a man
        of the narrative trees               he is
                 there              structured in his cage
                                         not knowing
             and he asks              that he is meant to
       is there such a thing                be free
       as a narrative tree?          from the shackles of
           i crack the nut                 his verse
       and drink the clouds        from the narrow alleys
                  there                      of his
        and he is filled with               rhyme
               so much
                  awe,              goodness, we do not
            he gets itchy                  even try
           and scratches           grafting the metaphors
             all the skins
       and even the bones                 i love it here
            he rattles like        this island where i touch
               a snake                        him not
         and wants to bite            but he touches me
                                              i guess
                                          that is envy.
NARRATIVE
• Telling a story
The Road Not Taken
• Read
• Answer questions
Questions
•  Do you think Frost intended the y in
   yellow (line 1) to suggest the diverging
   roads?
2. What is undergrowth (line 5)?
3. Does curiosity motivate the speaker
   when he makes his choice?
4. Write a 2 paragraph response about a
   time when you took a less-traveled road.
The Road Not Taken
• "The Road Not Taken" is a lyric poem with four stanzas of five lines
  each. (A lyric poem presents the feelings and emotions of the poet
  rather than telling a story or presenting a witty observation.)
• Background: Frost sets the poem on a forest road on an autumn
  morning. He received inspiration for the poem from the landscape in
  rural Gloucestershire, England. While living in Great Britain from
  1912 to 1915, Frost and his family had rented a cottage, Little
  Iddens, near Dymock, Gloucestershire, in the summer of 1914
• Rhyme Scheme
    – The rhyme scheme of the poem is as follows: (1) abaab, (2) cdccd, (3)
      efeef, (4) ghggh.

    – All of the end rhymes are masculine—that is, each consists of a single
      syllable. (You may have noticed that the last word of the poem,
      difference, has more than one syllable. However, only the last syllable
      completes the rhyme with hence in line 22. Therefore, masculine rhyme
      occurs.)
The Road Not Taken
• Which Is the Road Not Taken?
• You may have noticed that the title of the
  poem can refer to either road. Here's why:
  The speaker takes the road "less traveled"
  (line 19). In other words, he chooses the
  road not taken by most other travelers.
  However, when he chooses this less-
  traveled road, the other road then
  becomes the road not taken.
Themes
• Individualism
• .......The speaker chooses to go his own way, taking the “road less
  traveled” (line 19).
• Caution
• .......Before deciding to take the "road less traveled" (line 19), the
  speaker takes time to consider the other road. He says, "[L]ong I
  stood / And looked down one as far as I could" (lines 3-4).
• Commitment
• .......The speaker does not have second thoughts after making his
  decision.
• Accepting a Challenge
• .......It may be that the road the speaker chooses is less traveled
  because it presents trials or perils. Such challenges seem to appeal
  to the speaker.
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Different Types of Poetry

  • 1. In your notebook . . . List different types of poetry you know
  • 2. Slam Poetry • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRdaY6RG • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5s9rqaM9 – 3:30
  • 3. Different Types of Poetry • http://www.types-of-poetry.org.uk/
  • 4. Examples Example of ABC poem - author unknown Example: A lthough things are not perfect B ecause of trial or pain C ontinue in thanksgiving D o not begin to blame E ven when the times are hard F ierce winds are bound to blow
  • 5. Examples Example of Allegory The Faerie Queene by Edmund Spenser Lo I the man, whose Muse whilome did maske, As time her taught, in lowly Shepheards weeds, Am now enforst a far vnfitter taske, For trumpets sterne to chaunge mine Oaten reeds, And sing of Knights and Ladies gentle deeds; Whose prayses hauing slept in silence long, Me, all too meane, the sacred Muse areeds To blazon broad emongst her learned throng: Fierce warres and faithfull loues shall moralize my song.
  • 6. Examples Example of Name Poem Nicky by Marie Hughes Nicky is a Nurse It's her chosen career Children or Old folks Kindness in abundance Year after year
  • 7. Different Types of Poetry • Narrative Poetry: Narrative poems tell stories in verse. A number of them are very old and were originally intended to be recited to audiences – Homer's "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey". – Ballads are a type of narrative poetry
  • 8. Narrative Poems • Ballad: A short narrative poem with stanzas of two or four lines and usually a refrain. – The story of a ballad can originate from a wide range of subject matter but most frequently deals with folk-lore or popular legends. – They are written in straight-forward verse, seldom with detail, but always with graphic simplicity and force. – Most ballads are suitable for singing and, while sometimes varied in practice, are generally written in ballad meter, i.e., alternating lines of iambic tetrameter and iambic trimeter, with the last words of the second and fourth lines rhyming. – Major part of oral tradition
  • 9. Ballad Example Ballad of the Cool Fountain Fountain, coolest fountain, Cool fountain of love, Where all the sweet birds comeFor comforting-but one, A widow turtledove, Sadly sorrowing, At once the nightingale, That wicked bird, came by, And spoke these honied words: "My lady, if you will,I shall be your slave.“ "You are my enemy: Begone, you are not true!“ Green boughs no longer rest me, Nor any budding grove. Clear springs, where there are such, Turn muddy at my touch. I want no spouse to love Nor any children either. I forego that pleasure and their comfort too. No, leave me; you are false And wicked-vile, untrue! I'll never be your mistress !I'll never marry you!
  • 10. Ballad Exmaples A narrative poem: "The Broken-Legg'd Man" by John Mackey Shaw http://www2.nkfust.edu.tw/~emchen/CLit/Broken
  • 11. Lyric Poetry • Lyric poetry typically describes the poet's innermost feelings or candid observations and evokes a musical quality in its sounds and rhythms. • Lyric poems exhibit an endless variety of forms.
  • 12. Different Types of Lyrical Poetry • Lyric poems focus on the sound and rhythm • Haiku: a lyric, unrhymed poem of Japanese origin with seventeen syllables divided into three lines. – It is usually on the subject of nature and humans' relationship to nature. The moon is a week old - A dandelion to blow Scattering star seed.
  • 13. Haiku Format I am first with five Then seven in the middle -- Five again to end.
  • 14. Different Types of Lyrical Poetry • Cinquain: a five-line stanza apparently of medieval origin, often with two, four, six, eight, and two syllables respectively in the five lines. Listen... With faint dry sound, Like steps of passing ghosts, The leaves, frost-crisp'd, break from the trees And fall.   
  • 15. Different Types of Lyrical Poetry • Sonnet: a very old form of poetry, having gained prominence during the Renaissance, but not found much in poetry for children. – It contains fourteen lines, each line with five iambic feet (or ten syllables). – Shakespeare wrote Sonnets
  • 16. Sonnet Example OH for a poet -- for a beacon bright To rift this changeless glimmer of dead gray; To spirit back the Muses, long astray, And flush Parnassus with a newer light; To put these little sonnet-men to flight Who fashion, in a shrewd, mechanic way, Songs without souls, that flicker for a day, To vanish in irrevocable night. What does it mean, this barren age of ours? Here are the men, the women, and the flowers, The seasons, and the sunset, as before. What does it mean? Shall not one bard arise To wrench one banner from the western skies, And mark it with his name forevermore?
  • 17. Different Types of Lyrical Poetry • Limerick: a five-line humorous poem, the first, second, and fifth lines rhyming and the third and fourth lines rhyming. – It is one of the most popular poetic forms among children – The fun of the limerick lies in its rollicking rhythm and its broad humor
  • 18. Limerick Example Imagine a skunk who proposes, To his true love, surrounded by roses. It may turn out just fine, When she falls for his line, But I wonder if flowers have noses?   
  • 19. Different Types of Lyrical Poetry • Free Verse: adhering to no predetermined rules, but usually with its own intricate patterns of rhyme and rhythm – It requires the same thoughtful choice of words and rhythmical patterns as the more rigid stanza forms.
  • 20. Free Verse My Shadow by Robert Louis Stevenson I have a little shadow that goes in and out with me, And what can be the use of him is more than I can see. He is very, very like me from the heels up to the head; And I see him jump before me, when I jump into my bed. The funniest thing about him is the way he likes to grow-- Not at all like proper children, which is always very slow; For he sometimes shoots up taller like an india-rubber ball, And he sometimes goes so little that there's none of him at all. He hasn't got a notion of how children ought to play, And can only make a fool of me in every sort of way. He stays so close behind me, he's a coward you can see; I'd think shame to stick to nursie as that shadow sticks to me! One morning, very early, before the sun was up, I rose and found the shining dew on every buttercup; But my lazy little shadow, like an arrant sleepy-head, Had stayed at home behind me and was fast asleep in bed.
  • 21. Free Verse Feelings, Now Some kind of attraction that is neither Animal, vegetable, nor mineral, a power not Solar, fusion, or magnetic And it is all in my head that I could see into his And find myself sitting there.
  • 22. Different Types of Lyrical Poetry • Concrete Poetry: The words of a poem are arranged to form a pictorial representation of the poem's subject. • http://bootless.net/mouse.html
  • 23. Other Types • Poems can be lyrical or narrative and something else • An Epic is a long narrative poem celebrating the adventures and achievements of a hero – Epics deal with the traditions, mythical or historical, of a nations – Beowulf, The Iliad and the Odyssey, and Aeneid
  • 24. Other Types • Ode: An Ode is a poem praising and glorifying a person, place or thing • “Ode” comes from the Greek word “oide” meaning “to sing or chant.” Ode to a Goldfish O Wet Pet
  • 25. Ode Example Ode to Aphrodite Deathless Aphrodite, throned in flowers, Daughter of Zeus, O terrible enchantress, With this sorrow, with this anguish, break my spirit Lady, not longer! Hear anew the voice! O hear and listen! Come, as in that island dawn thou camest, Billowing in thy yoked car to Sappho Forth from thy father's Golden house in pity! ...
  • 26. Other Types • Poems can be satirical, political, revolutionary, scandalous • Poems can pretty much be whatever you want or need • Different parts of the world all have their own form of poetry • Written, spoken, to music
  • 27. Odes • Write your own ode • Choose someone or something to write an ode about • Open format
  • 28. Name That Poem What Type of Poem Is It??? GIVE him the darkest inch your shelf allows, Hide him in lonely garrets, if you will, -- But his hard, human pulse is throbbing still With the sure strength that fearless truth endows. In spite of all fine science disavows, Of his plain excellence and stubborn skill There yet remains what fashion cannot kill, Though years have thinned the laurel from his brows. Whether or not we read him, we can feel From time to time the vigor of his name Against us like a finger for the shame And emptiness of what our souls reveal In books that are as altars where we kneel To consecrate the flicker, not the flame.
  • 30. Name That Poem Knights Armour ,shields Fighting, charging, slaughtering Worried, delighted, brave, fearsome Crusaders
  • 32. Name That Poem A flea and a fly in a flue Were caught, so what could they do? Said the fly, "Let us flee." "Let us fly," said the flea. So they flew through a flaw in the flue.
  • 33. LIMERICK • 5 lines • Rhyming • Humorous
  • 34. Name That Poem Green and speckled legs, Hop on logs and lily pads Splash in cool water.
  • 35. HAIKU • 17 syllabals • 3 lines • Nature
  • 36. Name That Poem Annabel Lee It was many and may a year ago, In a kingdom by the sea, That a maiden there lived whom you may know By the name of ANNABEL LEE; And this maiden she lived with no other thought Than to love and be loved by me. I was a child and she was a child, In this kingdom by the sea; But we loved with a love that was more than love- I and my Annabel Lee; With a love that the winged seraphs of heaven Coveted her and me. And this was the reason that, long ago, In this kingdom by the sea, A wind blew out of a cloud, chilling My beautiful Annabel Lee; So that her highborn kinsman came And bore her away from me, To shut her up in a sepulchre In this kingdom by the sea. The angels, not half so happy in heaven, Went envying her and me- Yes!- that was the reason (as all men know, In this kingdom by the sea) That the wind came out of the cloud by night, Chilling and killing my Annabel Lee. But our love it was stronger by far than the love Of those who were older than we- Of many far wiser than we- And neither the angels in heaven above, Nor the demons down under the sea, Can ever dissever my soul from the soul Of the beautiful Annabel Lee. For the moon never beams without bringing me dreams Of the beautiful Annabel Lee; And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes Of the beautiful Annabel Lee; And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the side Of my darling- my darling- my life and my bride, In the sepulchre there by the sea, In her tomb by the sounding sea.
  • 37. BALLAD • Stanzas • Musical • Refrain • Story
  • 38. Name That Poem Mirror, Mirror My game face is blue. I must put it back on, see How much of my glory was real And how much fever. I see drawn eyes, too much marring, A suit of swan feathers Without the matching shape. And however I imagine lights, No straw spins to gold. I see as I have been seen, Not radiant, but ashine in hope Yet to see a finish.
  • 39. Free Verse • No format • Some rhyming and rhythm
  • 40. Name That Poem typhoons are not that strong sometimes the narrative tree they behave like has everything critics, passing by an to offer island, saying, hey you gentle, and soft are not an island after and conversational all, you are just a hill fit for a Bollywood but he wants to deny scene this kind of tree saying I am in that island there is no such feeling some itch thing as that of its breeze, but i was too and this busy then climbing one oh my, what a man of the narrative trees he is there structured in his cage not knowing and he asks that he is meant to is there such a thing be free as a narrative tree? from the shackles of i crack the nut his verse and drink the clouds from the narrow alleys there of his and he is filled with rhyme so much awe, goodness, we do not he gets itchy even try and scratches grafting the metaphors all the skins and even the bones i love it here he rattles like this island where i touch a snake him not and wants to bite but he touches me i guess that is envy.
  • 42. The Road Not Taken • Read • Answer questions
  • 43. Questions • Do you think Frost intended the y in yellow (line 1) to suggest the diverging roads? 2. What is undergrowth (line 5)? 3. Does curiosity motivate the speaker when he makes his choice? 4. Write a 2 paragraph response about a time when you took a less-traveled road.
  • 44. The Road Not Taken • "The Road Not Taken" is a lyric poem with four stanzas of five lines each. (A lyric poem presents the feelings and emotions of the poet rather than telling a story or presenting a witty observation.) • Background: Frost sets the poem on a forest road on an autumn morning. He received inspiration for the poem from the landscape in rural Gloucestershire, England. While living in Great Britain from 1912 to 1915, Frost and his family had rented a cottage, Little Iddens, near Dymock, Gloucestershire, in the summer of 1914 • Rhyme Scheme – The rhyme scheme of the poem is as follows: (1) abaab, (2) cdccd, (3) efeef, (4) ghggh. – All of the end rhymes are masculine—that is, each consists of a single syllable. (You may have noticed that the last word of the poem, difference, has more than one syllable. However, only the last syllable completes the rhyme with hence in line 22. Therefore, masculine rhyme occurs.)
  • 45. The Road Not Taken • Which Is the Road Not Taken? • You may have noticed that the title of the poem can refer to either road. Here's why: The speaker takes the road "less traveled" (line 19). In other words, he chooses the road not taken by most other travelers. However, when he chooses this less- traveled road, the other road then becomes the road not taken.
  • 46. Themes • Individualism • .......The speaker chooses to go his own way, taking the “road less traveled” (line 19). • Caution • .......Before deciding to take the "road less traveled" (line 19), the speaker takes time to consider the other road. He says, "[L]ong I stood / And looked down one as far as I could" (lines 3-4). • Commitment • .......The speaker does not have second thoughts after making his decision. • Accepting a Challenge • .......It may be that the road the speaker chooses is less traveled because it presents trials or perils. Such challenges seem to appeal to the speaker.