simple straight forward slides describe how PC work and what it`s components

1. How Computer work
•Human heads.
•Machine TV.
•What is compute

2. Human heads.
• inside many heads, there are two kinds of
knowledge; the memory work kind of knowledge
and the logical kind of knowledge.

3. Module 1 - Basic Concepts of IT
• Hardware
• Software
• Information Technology
People working with computer often refer to their job as (working in IT)
• Types Of Computer
Mainframe-Personal Computer-MAC-Network Computers-Laptop
/Notebook/Palmtop-Personal Digital Assistance (PAD)

4. Main Parts Of Personal Computer
• The System Unit
• Mother Board
• The CPU Central Processing Unit
• Memory
RAM
ROM (BIOS)
Responsible for coping operating system software in to ram When computer is switched on.
• Serial port
• Parallel Port
• Universal Serial Bus USB

5. Turn on your computer

6. Inside your home
• Input and Output
Input is the flow from you to the device.
Output is the flow of information to you.
• Types of memory
– ROM
– RAM
– R/W

7. Central Processing Unit
Arithmetic Operations
Logic Operations
ALU
Arithmetic Logic Unit

8. Arithmetic Operations

9. Logic Operations
OR AND

10. Memory
• RAM
– Random Access Memory
• ROM
– Read Only Memory
• BIOS : Basic Input Output System
• R/W memory
– Drives : HDD, CD Drive, Flash Memory …etc.
Read Only Memory
But Microsoft describes it as I/O device

11. Hard drives
• Hard disk drive
Magnetic recording
• Compact disk
Light Reflection
• Flash memory
Electronic switches
(Transistors)
• Disk Format

12. Video Memory Chip

13. The International System of Units
BIT Binary Information Technology
Byte Binary Yoked Transfer Element
Kilobyte 1000 byte
Megabyte
Gigabyte
Terabyte……??

14. Computer Performance
• CPU clock speed
• RAM size
• The number of application running
• Free Hard Disk space
• De-Fragmenting

15. Computer Devices
I/P devices ,O/P devices & I/O devices
• The mouse
• The keyboard
• CD Drive
• DVD Drive
• Floppy Disk
• Hard Disk
• The Monitor
• Sound Card
• Speaker
• Modems
• Printers
• Scanners

16. Keyboard
Typewriter
The invention of the modern computer keyboard began with the invention
of
the typewriter

17. scanner
•Scan picture
•Scan text
OCR Optical Character Recognition

18. Monitor
Screen size
Graphics for games
Projection

19. Audio taps
• Each one of the songs represents a file.
• Each song file has a title, a length and a
location.
• It is a file of audio information that can be
understood and turned into music by stereo
player.
• we classify songs as rock, classic ,pop and so
on.

20. Files
• Each computer file has a title, a length and a
location.
• We cannot make use of the contents of a
computer file without :
– A computer.
– Program to understand this file.
• We classify computer files as graphics files,
text files ,picture files and so on.

21. Computer Files
Name What's inside
. *com A program
. *exe A program
bat. * A program
txt. * Text
GIF-JPG-JPEG-PNG-
BMP
Graphical information
htm. * Textual information
*.mp3 `Audio information
flv,mpg,asf,rmvb Video information

22. Directories (folders)
c program filesC:Documents and SettingssawMy Documents

23. Records
Database
Field (1)Field (1)Field (1)Field (1)
Data Data Data Data
Data Data Data Data
Record

24. Printers
• Types
– Laser printer
– Color laser printer
• High quality -fast -high cost
– Inkjet printer
• (Spray) High quality-quiet
– Dot matrix printer
• High volume -low quality-noisy
– Plotters
• Printer memory

25. Input/output devices
• Hard disk
– Very fast – high capacity – cheap.
• CD
– Much slower than hard disk-capacity around 650MB-
inexpensive.
• DVD
– Much faster than CD – up to 17 GB-cost higher than
CD.
• External hard disk
– Normal speed – high capacity-expensive.

26. Operating System (OS)
DOS
Win 3.1
Win 95
WIN 98
WIN 2000
WIN ME
WIN XP
WIN VISTA
WIN 7

27. GUI
• Advantages of GUI
– Easy to use.
– Application program work in the same way.
– Allow programmers to write software.

28. Application program
– Word
– Excel
– Access
– Power point
– Accounts (repetitive operations)
– Web browsing
– Web authoring (Front page)

29. System development cycle

30. Network
• LAN
– Local area network
• WAN
– Wide area network (the hole world)

31. Local Area Network (LAN)
Wide Area Network (WAN)

32. Clint- Server
Resources in the server
Workgroup
Groups Of People are work together
Sharing information & special kind of devices

33. Workgroup Network
Disadvantages of work group
1- sharing too many files may result slow down your computer
2-Weak security system
3-with full access permission you may lose your data
Advantages of work group
1- No need for a network administrator
2-Less chance of major distribution
3-Cost saving

34. Internet & Extranet
• An internet
-uses internet technology for connecting individuals such as
people in organization with each other and let them search for
data or sending mails.
-Main program on server and single software on each individual
computer.
-This computers connected together using communication equipment.
-It was in US military.
• Extranet
like an internet but it's allow outside people gain
limited access to information held on a company
network.

35. The Internet
• Global network for interconnected network
• Huge amount of information
• Easy way for publishing materials

36. World Wide Web & Internet
• The internet relates to all hardware & software involved FTP (file
transfer protocol).
• World Wide Web is a part of internet, simply it’s the text and pictures
you view using your web browser
Internet World Wide Web

37. • PSTN
Public switched Telephone Network
Traditional copper weir technology
Transmit analog voice
• PSDN
Public switched data network
• ICDN
Integrated Service Digital Network
Much faster than modems
Telephone Network

38. Public switched Telephone Network

39. Public switched data network

40. Integrated Service Digital Network

41. Integrated service digital network
• ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)
– Much faster
• Receive at speed of 0.5 to 8 MBPS
– Down stream
• Send at speed of 16 to 640 KBPS
– Up stream
• DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)

42. Digital VS Analogue

43. Modems
• Modulate Demodulate
– Converting data at the end which can used by the
reviving computer.
• Bound Rate
– How fast a modem can send data

44. IT In Our Life
• Repetitive tasks
• Easily automated tasks
• Mathematical calculations
• Dangerous situations
• Doctor ,Money, creation
• Recognize elements
– Computer just have photographic image

45. Uses of Computer
• Government
• Business
• Tele working
– People are connected to the rest of organizations via network.
• Education
– Internet as knowledge resource
– Distance learning

46. Electronic World
• E-Mail (Electronic Mail )
– Allows people to send data (text, pictures,…etc).
– Its required both computers connected to the internet.
• E-Commerce
– Buying or selling via the internet.
• E-Banking
– Manage your money online instead of having to go to local bank
branch.
– You can pay your pills ,move your money from one place to another.
Moony 2099

47. Health & Safety
• Chair
• Screen
• Keyboard
Security
• Information secularity.
• Password.
Things computer like
• Good ventilation.
• Clean environment.
• Stable, vibration free surface.

48. Translation

49. END
Of Session One
Engsaad_aly@hotmail.com