IPv4 to IPv6

Advanced Networking and ApplicationsCST 451-1,[object Object],UvaWellassa University ,[object Object],Badulla,[object Object],Sri Lanka,[object Object]

Contents,[object Object],IP4,[object Object],Problems of IP4,[object Object],Network address translation,[object Object],IPV6,[object Object],What’s Good about IP6,[object Object],IPv6 address notation,[object Object],Types of addresses,[object Object],IPV4 address in IP6,[object Object],IPv6 unicast,[object Object],IPv6 multicast,[object Object],IPv6 anycast,[object Object],IPv6 special address,[object Object],IPv6 ready applications,[object Object],Transition plan,[object Object],Migration to IPv6,[object Object],Communication between ipv4 and IPv6,[object Object]

IPv4,[object Object],Forth revision of development of Internet Protocol(IP),[object Object],Most widely used protocol at present,[object Object],Connection-less protocol used on packet-switched Link Layer networks,[object Object],A system of addresses,[object Object],To identify devices,[object Object],32 bits,[object Object],232 combinations,[object Object],Nearly 4.3 billion,[object Object],Not enough and more addresses are needed,[object Object]

Problems of IPv4,[object Object],1.Insuffieciency,[object Object],- Only four bytes,[object Object],Maximum nodes ~ 4.3 billion,[object Object],Much less than the human population (6.799 billion),[object Object],[object Object]

Will be exhausted in near future2.Increasing routing information,[object Object],- Rapid growth of routing tables in backbones,[object Object],3. Increasing the number of Network Address Translation (NAT) - Breaking the Internet architecture,[object Object]

Problems of IPv4,[object Object],4.Security issues ,[object Object], - Number of ways to encrypt IPv4 traffic,[object Object],Example: IPSec,[object Object], - No real standard encryption method,[object Object],5.Real-time delivery of multimedia content and necessary bandwidth allocation,[object Object],Quality of Service (QoS) ,[object Object],Different interpretations,[object Object],QoS compliant devices are not compatible one another,[object Object]

Network Address Translation(NAT),[object Object],Allows to maintain public IP addresses and private IP addresses separately,[object Object],Also used in server load balancing,[object Object],This operates in side the router,[object Object],Maintains an address pool,[object Object],First the destination is checked,[object Object],The address is translated ,[object Object],The network address information in the datagram is modified,[object Object]

How NAT works???,[object Object],NAT,[object Object]

IPv6,[object Object],Next development version of Internet protocol,[object Object],Address size is 128 bits,[object Object],IPv6 address representation ,[object Object],xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx,[object Object],Each x is a 4bit hexadecimal digit,[object Object], IPv6 addresses range from 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000 to ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff.,[object Object]

IPv6,[object Object],Two other formats,[object Object],Omit leading zeros ,[object Object],Specify IPv6 addresses by omitting leading zeros,[object Object],E.g. : 1050:0000:0000:0000:0005:0600:300c:326b can be written as 1050:0:0:0:5:600:300c:326b,[object Object],Double colon ,[object Object],Specify IPv6 addresses by using double colons (::) in place of a series of zeros,[object Object],E.g. : ff06:0:0:0:0:0:0:c3 may be written as ff06::c3,[object Object], Double colons can be used only once in one IP address,[object Object]

What’s Good about IPv6?,[object Object],Bigger address space,[object Object],128 bits for addressing,[object Object],No NATs are needed,[object Object],Allows full IP connectivity,[object Object],For Computers, Mobile devices ,[object Object],Mobility,[object Object],Facility for mobile devices ,[object Object],Allows roaming between different networks,[object Object]

What’s Good about IPv6?,[object Object],Built-in security,[object Object],Includes Ipsec,[object Object],Authentication,[object Object],Encryption,[object Object],Compression ,[object Object]

IPv6 address notation,[object Object],Three possible notation types,[object Object],Depends on content of address you need represent,[object Object],1.Standard notation - Represent the address as eight 16-bit hexadecimal words separated by ``:'' (colons),[object Object], - E.g : FEDC:BA98:0332:0000:CF8A:000C:2154:7313 or,[object Object], FEDC:BA98:332:0:CF8A:C:2154:7313.,[object Object],2.Compressed notation - Multiple fields of zeros,[object Object], - Represent a single contiguous group of zero fields within an IPv6 address,[object Object], - Uses a double colon``::‘’,[object Object], - E.g.: 1762:0:0:0:0:B03:1:AF18 FF01:0:0:0:CA:0:0:2 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 can be represented as,[object Object],1762::B03:1:AF18 FF01::CA:0:0:2 ::1 :: ,[object Object]

IPv6 address notation,[object Object],Mixed notation ,[object Object],For IPv4 addresses encapsulated in IPv6 addresses,[object Object],Represented using the original IPv4 ``.'' notation ,[object Object],0:0:0:0:0:0:127.32.67.15 ,[object Object],0:0:0:0:0:FFFF:127.32.67.15,[object Object],Possible to use the compressed notation,[object Object],::127.32.67.15,[object Object],::FFFF:127.32.67.15,[object Object]

Types of addresses,[object Object],s,[object Object],g,[object Object],g,[object Object],d,[object Object],s,[object Object],g,[object Object],a,[object Object],a,[object Object],s,[object Object],a,[object Object],[object Object]

communicate specified 1 computer

communicate group of computers

send group address that can receive multiple computers,but receive 1 computerunicast,[object Object],anycast,[object Object],multicast,[object Object]

IPv4 address in IPv6,[object Object],IPv6 site is island surrounded IPv4 ocean,[object Object],connect IPv6 island each other,[object Object],encapsulate IPv6 packet in IPv4 packet,[object Object], threat as IPv4 as data link layer,[object Object],IPv4 ocean,[object Object],IPv6 in IPv4 packet,[object Object],IPv6 site,[object Object],IPv6 site,[object Object],IPv6 site,[object Object]

IPv6 in IPv4 Tunnel,[object Object],IPv6 Site,[object Object],IPv6 Site,[object Object],IPv4 Internet,[object Object],IPv6 Site,[object Object]

IPv6 Unicast,[object Object],To transmit data from one point to another.,[object Object],Multiple users might request,[object Object],Same data ,[object Object],From the same server ,[object Object],At the same time,[object Object], duplicate data streams are transmitted one to each user,[object Object],Scope may be Global or Local,[object Object],Global for worldwide communication,[object Object],Local for communication within a site,[object Object]

Server,[object Object],Router,[object Object],Ethernet Switch,[object Object],Figure 01: How unicast works,[object Object]

IPv6 multicast,[object Object],Ability to send a single packet to multiple destinations,[object Object],No broadcast,[object Object],Ability to send a packet to all hosts on the attached link,[object Object],same effect can be achieved by sending a packet to the link-local all hosts multicast group,[object Object],Applications,[object Object],Telephony and video conference,[object Object],Database simultaneous update,[object Object],Parallel computing,[object Object],Real time news,[object Object]

Server,[object Object],Router,[object Object],Ethernet Switch,[object Object],Figure 02: How multicast works,[object Object]

IPv6 anycast,[object Object],Uses Anycast address,[object Object],Identifies a set of nodes,[object Object],Packet will reach only one out of many (usually, topologically closest one),[object Object],Anycast address can be assigned to routers only,[object Object], Anycast address cannot be used as a source,[object Object]

IPv6 special addresses,[object Object],Four basic types of "special" IPv6 addresses,[object Object],reserved,[object Object], private,[object Object], loopback,[object Object],unspecified.,[object Object],Reserved Addresses ,[object Object],Reserved block is at the “top” of the address space:,[object Object],Starting with “0000 0000”,[object Object],[object Object],Called local-use addresses or link-layer addresses.,[object Object], No NATs,[object Object],So local-use addresses are intended for communication inherently designed only to be sent to local devices. ,[object Object]

IPv4 to IPv6

IPv4 to IPv6

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot(20)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked(20)

Similar to IPv4 to IPv6

Similar to IPv4 to IPv6(20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded(20)

IPv4 to IPv6