1.
F O O D & CULTURE Henderson Secondary School Home Economics Secondary Two 2010

2.
Learning objectives <ul><li>Explain what food practices are </li></ul><ul><li>Differentiate the food practices of the main ethnic groups in Singapore </li></ul><ul><li>Name dishes that are specific to the main ethnic groups in Singapore </li></ul><ul><li>Recognise the different ingredients in food preparation popular with each ethnic group </li></ul><ul><li>Give examples of dining etiquette observed by the main ethnic groups in Singapore </li></ul><ul><li>Describe the food practices associated with the cultural festivals in Singapore </li></ul><ul><li>Identify dishes with a Singaporean Identity </li></ul>

3.
What is culture? <ul><li>Culture refers to the shared customs, traditions, and beliefs of a group of people. </li></ul><ul><li>What makes ‘a group of people’? </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Geography, ethnic group, religion etc </li></ul></ul>

4.
Food & Culture <ul><li>Food is essential in the everyday life of individuals and families. </li></ul><ul><li>It can also play an important role in celebrations and ceremonies. </li></ul>

5.
Food Practices <ul><li>Food practices include how food is prepared, how it is served and how it is eaten. </li></ul><ul><li>It varies across different cultural and religious groups . </li></ul><ul><li>It involves: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>The use of certain kinds of food </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>e.g. insects </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>The way food is prepared </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>e.g. raw seafood </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Dining etiquette </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>e.g. Mexico food practice </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Dietary taboos and prohibitions </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>e.g. beef </li></ul></ul></ul>

6.
Food Practices <ul><li>The use of chopsticks </li></ul><ul><li>Vietnamese family dinner </li></ul>http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_zJUIA9uDKxI/Rl1MUpeFaiI/AAAAAAAAEao/4ZNoLa7SEfs/s400/dinner.jpg

7.
Food Practices <ul><li>Mexican Family Dinner </li></ul><ul><li>Japanese Family Dinner </li></ul>

8.
Food Practices <ul><li>Unique foods such as wonton soup is a dish that is originated in China. Wontons are dumplings filled with minced vegetables and meat. </li></ul><ul><li>Shish kebab, chunks of meat threaded in a skewer, originated in Middle East. </li></ul>

9.
Food practices in Singapore <ul><li>Singapore is make up of three main ethnic groups, the Malays, the Indians and the Chinese. </li></ul><ul><li>Each has its own culture, religion, language and food practices. </li></ul><ul><li>To maintain this harmony, we have to understand the customs and practices of each ethnic group. </li></ul><ul><li>What better way to learn about them than through the enjoyment of food? </li></ul>

10.
What are food practices of the different ethnic group? <ul><li>Find out more information on: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Ingredients </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Preferred cooking methods </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Signature dishes </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>From your classmates from the different ethnic community (Chinese, Malay and Indian) today! </li></ul></ul>

11.
Ingredients Preferred cooking methods Signature dishes Chinese Rice, yellow noodles, star anise, chinese mushroom, soya sauce, sesame oil, pork, ginger, fried onions, Stir-frying, steaming, stewing, boiling Steamed dumplings, Steamed buns, Laksa, Claypot rice, Malay Tumeric powder, mutton, coconut milk, chilli, curry powder, Baking, steaming, deep-frying, Nasi Lemak, Lontong, Sayur Lodeh, Mee Siam Indian Curry powder, flour, ghee, chilli, yoghurt, Deep-frying, Roti-prata, naan, chapati, murtabak, curry fish head

12.
Did you know? <ul><li>In Singapore, rice is such an important part of our diets that each ethnic group has separate words for cooked rice and uncooked rice. </li></ul>Malay Mandarin Tamil Cooked rice nasi fan soru Uncooked rice beras mi arisi

13.
Food practices of culture groups in Singapore

14.
Lunar New Year <ul><li>Also known as Spring festival </li></ul><ul><li>Most important festival for the Chinese. </li></ul><ul><li>Family members gather on Lunar New Year’s Eve and have a reunion dinner together. </li></ul><ul><li>Families will set out New Year goodies which include egg rolls, pineapple tarts and melon seeds. </li></ul><ul><li>Mandarin oranges are also exchanges which often symbolise good fortune and prosperity </li></ul>

15.
Hari Raya Puasa <ul><li>Celebrated by all Muslims is also known as Aidil Fitri (the Festival of Charity) </li></ul><ul><li>It marks the end of the fasting month of Ramadan. </li></ul><ul><li>During Ramadan, Muslims do not eat or drink from sunrise until sunset Fasting helps to remind Muslims of the sufferings of the poor. </li></ul><ul><li>Families prepare traditional food such as ketupat, rendang and sayur lodeh. </li></ul>

16.
Deepavali <ul><li>Also known as Festival of Lights </li></ul><ul><li>Deepavali celebrates the victory of good over evil, symbolized by the legendary slaying of the oppressive Narakasura by Lord Krishna. </li></ul><ul><li>It marks the beginning of the Indian New Year. </li></ul><ul><li>It is also believed that the souls of departed relatives descend to earth during this festival, and oil lamps are lit to guide them. </li></ul><ul><li>Like the New Year festivals of Chinese and Muslim, it is celebrated with 'open-house' visits among friends of all races. </li></ul>

17.
<ul><li>The distinctive flavours and tastes of ethnic food are due to the: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Spices added </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Sauces added </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Herbs added </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Ingredients used </li></ul></ul>Check point - 1

18.
Check point – 2 <ul><li>2. Chinese homes always have mandarin oranges during the Lunar New Year as they symbolise___________. </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Forgiveness </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Blessings of good things </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Wealth and happiness </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Joy and peace </li></ul></ul>

19.
Check point - 3 <ul><li>Fasting for a month by Muslims is one of the five pillars of _______________ </li></ul><ul><li>4. ____________is celebration of light over darkness, good over evil. </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Deepavali </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Christmas </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Hari Raya Puasa </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Lunar New Year </li></ul></ul>

20.
Clothes Tradition

21.
Chinese - Costume <ul><li>“ Qi pao” or cheongsam </li></ul>

22.
Chinese - Motifs <ul><li>Auspicious Chinese characters </li></ul><ul><li>Butterfly-shaped motives stand for the &quot;Longevity” </li></ul><ul><li>Dragon </li></ul>

23.
Malay - Costumes <ul><li>Selendang Baju Kurong Kebaya </li></ul>

24.
Malay – Costume <ul><li>Baju Melayu </li></ul><ul><li>Shirt & Trousers & Sarong </li></ul><ul><li>Songkok (hat) </li></ul>

25.
Malay - Motifs <ul><li>Leaves </li></ul><ul><li>Flowers </li></ul><ul><li>Butterflies </li></ul>

26.
Indian - Costume <ul><li>Sari Choli Punjabi </li></ul>

27.
Indian - Costume <ul><li>Traditional attire is the kurta . </li></ul><ul><li>It is a medi dress worn with a pair of trousers . </li></ul>

28.
Indian - Motifs <ul><li>Elephants </li></ul><ul><li>Peacock feather </li></ul><ul><li>Mango </li></ul>

29.
Singapore Dress <ul><li>Vanda Miss Joaqium </li></ul><ul><li>Orchid flower as motifs </li></ul>http://cf2001.sngs.sch.edu.sg/Cyberfair/impacts/ecim.html#orchid%20motifs