User percieved performance
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Modern Web UI 9/29 @ LinkedIn Sunnvale. A presentation on the user perception of web app performance, along with pro tips from my experience building large-scale single-page apps
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User percieved performance
- 1. User Perceived Performance Mike North Modern Web UI - 9/29/2015 @MichaelLNorth github.com/mike-north
- 2. But first…. OCTOBER 3RD & 4TH
- 4. About Me • We are everyone’s “household CFO” • Come up with a cash flow plan, analyze transactions, track alignment • You “have a guy/gal” to handle your bills/finances
- 5. About Me • Job.old() = UI Architect of Yahoo Ads & Data • Organizer Modern Web UI • Startup advisor, OSS contributor
- 6. //TODO • What is user-perceived performance? • Instrumenting & Measuring • Lessons learned from complex apps • UX tricks for perception of responsiveness
- 7. What is User Perceived Performance?
- 8. User Perception < 100ms Feels “instantaneous” < 1,000ms Keep flow of thought < 10,000ms Keep attention
- 9. SPA Performance • Server deals only w/ JSON • Incremental changes instead of boiling the ocean • Control over UX of loading/ transitions • Initial page load is longer • Slowness appears to be in the UI • API loses context ADVANTAGES CHALLENGES
- 10. Perf Matters ↑ 1.0s Page Load ↓ $1.6B /Year ↑0.4s Search Load ↓ 8,000,000 Searches/Day
- 11. How do we measure it?
- 13. @MichaelLNorth APIDB Caching / Indexing Asset Serving Networking / Infrastructure Where do we start? Client
- 15. System-Wide Instrumentation API DB DB Business logic API DB DB Network UI
- 17. UI System-Wide Instrumentation R Transition Render R Render R Route A RouteB ember-perf API DB { meta: {} } DB
- 18. System-Wide Instrumentation ember-perf R Transition Render R Render R Route A RouteB API DB API DBDB
- 19. Other tools • Browser profiler, timeline and network tab • Take rendering speed numbers with a grain of salt • Framework-specific tools • Ember inspector • React.addons.Perf
- 20. #Protips
- 22. Static Asset Bloat • gzip compression - makes sense for anything >= 2KB • Host static assets off a CDN • bandwidth and latency matter • Order assets to maximize parallel downloading • inline scripts at the bottom
- 23. Static Asset Bloat - JS • Scrutinize dependencies • Minify • Keep up to date on framework/library releases
- 24. Static Asset Bloat - CSS • Minify • Sanity check on style stack • CSS redundancy checker
- 25. Static Asset Bloat - IMG • Compress • Get size you need • imgix - image hosting as a service • Fewer, larger files (sprites are still cool rite?) • Have awareness of when to use JPG, PNG, etc…
- 26. API call typhoon
- 29. JSON-API include • ActiveRecord and JSON-API concept • Returns related records in the API response • GET /articles/1?include=comments
- 30. API call creep • It’s easy to accidentally make a new, useless, API call • Annoying to sort out after the fact • is great for thisPretender
- 31. “Slow API”
- 32. “Slow API” • Have an awareness of DB cost • Take only what you need • ?per_page=200 • Let the stragglers straggle
- 33. It’s still slow…
- 34. Unavoidably Slow Stuff • Large file uploads • Slow external systems • Pesky humans • Transcoding
- 35. Unavoidably Slow Stuff • Async to the rescue! Model as a background task
- 36. Unavoidably Slow Stuff • Communicate long-running status to users
- 37. • Make waiting more interesting Loading… Thanks for waiting, we’re almost done! Just a few more moments… Yay! Your thing is ready! GET THING Slow…on the critical path
- 38. Blank screens • Anything is better than a blank screen • Pure CSS (inline) spinners will show up fast • The perception of “loaded” becomes a grey area now
- 39. Perf matters • webpagetest.org • React performance tools - https:// facebook.github.io/react/docs/perf.html ember-load ember-perf