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1.
THE END
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2.
THE ENDBegin with the end in mind
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3.
Begin with the End in Mind
Learn how to set up
your camera.
READ your manual.
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4.
Auto or Program?
Automatic Mode
The camera makes most
of the decisions for you.
• ISO
• White balance
• Flash
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5.
Auto or Program?
Programmed
Auto (Flexible)
The camera
automatically selects
aperture and shutter
speed - you do the rest.
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6.
Shutter Priority
You select the
Shutter Speed,
the camera
determines the
correct Aperture.
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7.
Aperture Priority
You select the
Aperture (f-stop,
lens opening),
the camera
determines the
correct shutter
speed.
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8.
Size
Quality
White
Balance
ISO
4 most important settings
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9.
Size Matters
7 MP
10MP
12MP
5 MP
(million pixels)
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10.
Pixel Dimensions
aka File Size, or Resolution
Width x Height
Eg. 4000 x 3000 pixels
= 12 Mega Pixels
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11.
Pixel Dimensions
Example: Image size options of a Nikon D40x
Small 1936 x 1296 = 2.5 MP
Medium 2896 x 1944 = 5.6 MP
Large 3872 x 2592 = 10 MP
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12.
Pixel Dimensions
By comparison a file going into a
screen presentation only needs to be:
900 x 600 pixels = 0.54 MP
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13.
Compression
•JPGS are small because
they are compressed
•Lossy compression
•Throws out file information
•A little or a lot depending on
the quality
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14.
Compression
Normal - Fine - Super Fine
Basic - Normal - Fine
Good - Better - Best
Always use the highest possible
compression quality
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15.
ISO
Measure of Sensitivity
of the camera sensor
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16.
ISO
Bright Sun
100 or 200 ISO
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17.
ISO
Overcast or late day
400 ISO
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18.
ISO
Night or Indoor
800 ISO or higher
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19.
ISO
As ISO increases,
so does NOISE
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20.
ISO 80 ISO 1600
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21.
ISO 80 ISO 1600
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22.
ISO 1600
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23.
ISO 1600
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24.
WHITE BALANCE
The colour
temperature
of light
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25.
WHITE BALANCE
Type of Light Colour Temp. deg. K
Candle Flame 1,500
Tungsten, Incandescent 3,000
Sunrise, Sunset 3,500
Midday Sun, Flash 5,500
Bright Sun, Clear sky 6,000
Cloudy Sky, Shade 7,000
Blue Sky 9,000
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26.
WHITE BALANCE
Cameras measure the
colour of light reflected
from the scene
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27.
WHITE BALANCE
A large brightly coloured
area can effect your
Auto WB readings.
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28.
In those cases you may
have to use a pre-set to
get a better result.
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29.
WB Pre-sets
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30.
WB Pre-sets
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31.
WB Pre-sets
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32.
WB Pre-sets
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33.
WB Pre-sets
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34.
EXAMPLES
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35.
EXAMPLES
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36.
EXAMPLES
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37.
EXAMPLES
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38.
EXAMPLES
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39.
EXAMPLES
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40.
PHOTO COLOUR
WHEEL
R
G
B C
M
Y
Warm colours
Cool colours
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41.
Histogram
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42.
Histogram
Back of the camera showing Histogram preview
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43.
Histogram
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44.
Histogram
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45.
Histogram
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46.
Exposure
Compensation
+/-
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47.
Exposure
Compensation
Histogram indicates
underexposure,
so not enough light.
Add light using +
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48.
Exposure
Compensation
Histogram indicates
overexposure,
so too much light
Subtract light using -
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49.
Exposure
Compensation
2..1..0..1..2+-
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50.
Exposure
Compensation
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51.
THE END
This time it’s for real.
No matter what type of digital camera you are using, all use the same standard set up options. File size, compression (aka quality), ISO, White Balance.
You need to know how the images will be used before you begin taking pictures. Is it for your reports, making 4x6 prints at the lab, web usage, or to mount on your wall?
Begin with the end in mind.
In the case of digital photography - size does indeed matter. There is no gain to shooting photos at full resolution 10MP in size, if you are only going to be importing them into an Excel report.
Size is really a description of the pixel dimensions of your file. Take out your camera, get to the size menu, and look at the size options. All cameras have them. You may see something small like 600x900 pixels or large like 2000x3000.
Size is really a description of the pixel dimensions of your file. Take out your camera, get to the size menu, and look at the size options. All cameras have them. You may see something small like 600x900 pixels or large like 2000x3000.
In the case of digital photography - size does indeed matter. There is no gain to shooting photos at full resolution 10MP in size, if you are only going to be importing them into an Excel report.
Size is really a description of the pixel dimensions of your file. Take out your camera, get to the size menu, and look at the size options. All cameras have them. You may see something small like 600x900 pixels or large like 2000x3000.
In the case of digital photography - size does indeed matter. There is no gain to shooting photos at full resolution 10MP in size, if you are only going to be importing them into an Excel report.
Size is really a description of the pixel dimensions of your file. Take out your camera, get to the size menu, and look at the size options. All cameras have them. You may see something small like 600x900 pixels or large like 2000x3000.
You will likely have to re-size your photos on your computer before importing them into your reports.
Related to file size is Quality - or Compression.
The reason jpg files are so small is that they are compressed. This type of compression is called “lossy” because data is “lost” - actually tossed out when compressed.
Compression occurs when saving files. So if you open up a jpg photo on your computer and re-save several times, you are actually tossing out data every time you do that. The result is an image with artifacts and weird textures throughout.
Related to file size is Quality - or Compression.
The reason jpg files are so small is that they are compressed. This type of compression is called “lossy” because data is “lost” - actually tossed out when compressed.
This loss of data is visible.
Compression occurs when saving files. So if you open up an image on your computer and re-save several times, you are actually tossing out data every time you do that. The result is an image with artifacts and weird textures throughout.
Cameras measure the colour of the light reflected from the scene, so sometimes it is necessary to alter your white balance. Instead of using AUTO, you may need to use a pres-set such as daylight, tungsten, flash, fluorescent, sunset.
Cameras measure the colour of the light reflected from the scene, so sometimes it is necessary to alter your white balance. Instead of using AUTO, you may need to use a pres-set such as daylight, tungsten, flash, fluorescent, sunset.
Cameras measure the colour of the light reflected from the scene, so sometimes it is necessary to alter your white balance. Instead of using AUTO, you may need to use a pres-set such as daylight, tungsten, flash, fluorescent, sunset.
The colour wheel represents the 6 basic colours of photography. Red, Green, Blue, and Cyan, Magenta, Yellow. Opposite colours neutralize each other. If an image is too red and you are using Auto White balance, it will “balance” it with Cyan, thus making the image “cooler” as a way of neutralizing it. Warm neutralizes cool.
If your image is too dark according to the histogram, you should “add” exposure. If it’s too bright then you should minus exposure. Keep in mind highlights are not recoverable on jpgs.
To add or subtract exposure, find your exposure compensation menu and dial in an appropriate amount of exposure correction.