5. Administrative Structure of Bangladesh Bangladesh has four tires administration Units Number Division 6 Districts/Zilas 64 Upazila 481 Union 4,498 ---------------------------------------------------------- City Corporation 6 Municipalities 308 Thana 599 *Source: LGRD Ministry and Police Headquarters.
14. Bangladesh Agricultural Development The Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC) under the Ministry of Agriculture is involved in cooperative activities in several ministries of government: Agriculture, Forest and Environment, Fisheries and Livestock, Rural Development, Education, Industries, Commerce, Science and Technology, etc.
15. Bangladesh Agricultural Development BARI (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) multi-crop research institute cereals, tubers, pulses, oilseeds, non-commodity areas- soil and crop, disease and insect, irrigation and water Development-machinery, cropping and farming system, post-harvest handling and processing, socio-economic studies
16. Bangladesh Agricultural Policies Ministry of Agriculture Ministry of Jute Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock Ministry of Environment and Forest, 1994 Ministry of Land Ministry of Water Resources Ministry of Forests and Environment Ministry of Food Ministry of Rural Development and Cooperatives Planning commission, Ministry of Planning
19. Production Perishables: China $195 B USA $150 B India $105 B India produces 41% of world’s mango 23% of bananas 24% of cashew nuts 10% of onions 30% of cauliflowers 36% of green peas Livestock 53% of world’s buffalo 17% of goat
20. Diet / functional / Nortth America, Japan, Western organic foods Europe, Australia C onvenience Eastern foods Europe Snacks / prepared meals India , China, Dairy, meat, Latin America fresh fruits fruit juices, beverages Africa Carbohydrate (Sub - Saharan) staples Mass Quality Convenience High Technology Surviving Market Food Service Hygiene Source: Rabobank International Snacking Evolution of Global Food Demand
21. India's share in global production (2001-03) 11% Vegetables (Large producer) India's share in global exports 15% Fruits (1991-93) 2.1% Vegetables 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% (2001-03) 1.7% Indian prices as a % of world prices (2001-03) 0.4% (Nominal) Fruits 53% Vegetables 0.5% (Low cost producer) 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 63% Fruits What is wrong? 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Source: UN COMTRADE Statistics, World Bank Staff Estimates
23. Different Standards International Standards Internal Standards Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Indian Standards Institute (ISI) Similarly, Bangladesh has Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institution (BSTI) International Organization for Standards (ISO) WTO Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standards (SPS) Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)
25. Cultural Issues Hindu India has 70% Hindus They consider the cow as a sacred animal Slaughtering is illegal in most of the country Muslim India has largest Muslim population Muslim cannot eat pork Meat has to be processed according to religious method (Halal) Can’t stun, religious verse
26. Cultural Issues – Firm Level (Future) Problems for Wal-Mart Want to sell meat in stores (for Muslims) Would need large slaughtering plant (could get permission but…) No room Would be resistance from large Hindu population Muslims would want 2 separate salespeople for beef and pork 2 separate sets of machinery
27. Food Safety Sanitary standards Depends on economic class (income and education) Have standards but not followed Ministry of Health and Family welfare website on Food Safety Slaughtering http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OJPnQXHtixY
32. Cost Build Up For One Kg. Basket Of Fruit 11.6 2.5 1.7 4.1 3.3 CONSUMER PRICE FARMER TRADER WHOLESALER RETAILER Retail Markups 350 220 160 100 FARM GATE PRICES MILK FISH FRUITS &VEGETABLES Value Chain
39. Problems faced by Reliance: Recently their stores in Jharkhand faced the ire of mobs comprising of local vegetable vendors. They vandalized and attacked the stores claiming that they were stealing their livelihoods. In August 2007, Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Mayawati ordered to close 10 new stores keeping view of Law & order situation. In November 2007, Reliance Fresh stores are attacked by Bharatiya Janshakti Party supporters headed by Uma Bharti. ‘Suicide’ squad against Reliance Fresh outlets' Bhubaneswar: Traders and roadside vendors opposing the opening of Reliance Fresh outlets in Orissa on Saturday formed a “suicide” squad. “As many as 100 youth today joined the squad as they prefer to die while fighting rather than facing starvation,” All-Orissa Roadside Vendors and Small Shop Owners Association president PratapSahu said.
40. Why companies looking at F&V market…. Traditionally, agriculture commodities were procured in "mandis" (major agricultural marketing centers in rural areas of India), where the middleman used to make most of the profit. These middlemen used unscientific and sometimes outright unfairmeans to judge the quality of the product to set the price. Difference in price for good quality and inferior quality was less, and hence there was no incentive for the farmers to invest and produce good quality output.
46. Sources CIA World Fact book http://rockford-india.com/irrigation-arableland.htm www.indexmundi.com WHO &FAOhttp://www.fao.org/docrep/meeting/008/ae335e.htm Bangladesh Govt.http://www.bangladesh.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&task=category&id=89&Itemid=27 Institutional and Legal Framework of Food Safety Regulations in India R. Meheta, J. George; sponsored by Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), Canberra www.itcportal.com/rural-development/echoupal.htm - 13k en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliance_Fresh - 25k www.cargill.co.in/india www.monsantoindia.com www.syngenta.co.in www.bayer.com/en/india.aspx - 30k
