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■Essential Question:
–What caused the Protestant Reformation?
■Warm-Up Q:
–Look at this
image: What
is the main
idea of the
Protestant
Reformation?
During the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church
was the dominant religion in Western Europe
Without a common government in
Europe, the Catholic Pope became
an important political leader
On the manor, priests were powerful
because the controlled peoples’
access to heaven by delivering the
sacraments & absolving sins
The Catholic Church taught that people could
gain access to heaven (called salvation) by having
faith in God & doing good works for others
The church taught that
Christians could gain
more of God’s grace
through a series of
spiritual rituals called
the Holy Sacraments
Sacraments included
Baptism, Confirmation,
Communion,
Confession, Marriage,
Ordination of Priests,
Last Rites for the Dying
Practices of the
Catholic Church
But, the church was
also growing corrupt
Clergy members took
vows of chastity to
abstain from sex…but
some church leaders
fathered children
Priests were required
to go through
rigorous training in a
monastery…but some
church positions were
sold to the highest
bidder called simony
Sometimes, feudal
lords would use their
influence to have
friends or children
named as priests,
called lay investitureAs a result, some
clergy members were
poorly educated
One of the most
corrupt church
practices was the
selling of indulgences
Indulges began as a
way for people to
repent for their sins
through good works
But rather than
requiring good deeds,
church leaders began
selling indulgence
certificates as a way
of raising money
These practices went
unquestioned during
the Middle Ages
By the time of the Renaissance,
some Christians began
criticizing church corruptions &
questioned Catholic teachings
Christian humanists
believed that they
could help reform the
Catholic Church
In the 1300s, Reformers like John Wycliffe & priest
Jan Hus attacked corruptions like indulges, said that
the Bible (not the Pope) was the ultimate authority
on Christianity, & wanted church teachings in the
vernacular (local language) not Latin
Title
■ Text
Catholic leaders responded to these
criticisms by executing Wycliffe & Hus
In 1509, Christian
humanist Erasmus
published Praise of Folly
which called for an end
of corruptions
As a result of Johann Gutenberg’s
invention of the moveable-type
printing press in 1453, Erasmus’
book spread throughout Europe &
increased calls for church reform
The Protestant Reformation
By the early 1500s,
the Catholic Church
was in turmoil over
the controversy
of corruption &
its unwillingness to
adopt reforms
In Germany, a
Catholic monk named
Martin Luther
became involved in a
serious dispute with
the Catholic Church
Martin Luther’s break from the Catholic Church
began the Protestant Reformation & inspired a
series of new Christian denominations
During the Protestant Reformation,
reformers protestedprotested church corruptions &
practices in hopes of reformingreforming Christianity
Protestant ReformationProtest Reform
Martin Luther
As a young boy in
Germany, Luther
was going to
become a lawyer,
but after he
nearly died in a
thunderstorm he
vowed to become
a Catholic priest
Martin Luther
After studying the Bible as
a monk, Martin Luther
became a priest & scholar
During his studies of the
Bible, Luther became
convinced that salvation
could not be achieved by
good works & sacraments
Instead, Luther was inspired
by St. Paul’s Epistle to the
Romans: “A person can be
made good by having faith
in God’s mercy”
Martin Luther
Martin Luther believed
that salvation was gained
though having faith in God;
He called this idea
Justification by Faith
Martin Luther was also
deeply troubled by the
church’s selling of
indulgences, which he
saw as false salvation
In 1517, Martin Luther wrote
a list of arguments against
church practices called the
“Ninety-Five Theses”
He posted the Ninety-Five
Theses on the church door in
the town of Wittenberg &
welcomed debate of his ideas
The “Ninety-Five Theses” spread quickly through
Europe causing an incredible controversy
Many people, especially
in Northern Europe, were
excited about his ideas
But the Catholic Church
condemned Luther &
rejected his ideas
In 1521, Luther was called before the Diet of Worms,
a meeting of church & political leaders
The Church
demanded that
Luther take back
his teachings
Luther refused, argued that the
Bible was the only source of
religious authority, &
encouraged Christians to study
the Bible for themselves
At the Diet of Worms, Martin Luther was
excommunicated from the Catholic Church
Martin Luther’s stand against the Catholic Church
led to the formation of a new Christian
denomination known as Lutheranism
Lutheranism was the first
of a series of “Protestant”
Christian faiths that broke
from the Catholic Church
■Essential Question:
–What were the main beliefs of the
Protestant faiths: Lutheranism,
Calvinism, & Anglicanism?
■Pop Quiz!!

Protestant Faiths
■What were the main beliefs & practices of the
first Protestant faiths: Lutheranism, Calvinism,
& Anglicanism?
–As a class, read the placards on
Lutheranism, Calvinism, & Anglicanism
–Complete
the chart as
you read
–Be prepared
to discuss
your answers
Protestant Reformation

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The protestant reformation

  • 1. ■Essential Question: –What caused the Protestant Reformation? ■Warm-Up Q: –Look at this image: What is the main idea of the Protestant Reformation?
  • 2. During the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church was the dominant religion in Western Europe Without a common government in Europe, the Catholic Pope became an important political leader On the manor, priests were powerful because the controlled peoples’ access to heaven by delivering the sacraments & absolving sins
  • 3. The Catholic Church taught that people could gain access to heaven (called salvation) by having faith in God & doing good works for others
  • 4. The church taught that Christians could gain more of God’s grace through a series of spiritual rituals called the Holy Sacraments Sacraments included Baptism, Confirmation, Communion, Confession, Marriage, Ordination of Priests, Last Rites for the Dying Practices of the Catholic Church
  • 5. But, the church was also growing corrupt Clergy members took vows of chastity to abstain from sex…but some church leaders fathered children Priests were required to go through rigorous training in a monastery…but some church positions were sold to the highest bidder called simony Sometimes, feudal lords would use their influence to have friends or children named as priests, called lay investitureAs a result, some clergy members were poorly educated
  • 6. One of the most corrupt church practices was the selling of indulgences Indulges began as a way for people to repent for their sins through good works But rather than requiring good deeds, church leaders began selling indulgence certificates as a way of raising money These practices went unquestioned during the Middle Ages
  • 7. By the time of the Renaissance, some Christians began criticizing church corruptions & questioned Catholic teachings Christian humanists believed that they could help reform the Catholic Church
  • 8. In the 1300s, Reformers like John Wycliffe & priest Jan Hus attacked corruptions like indulges, said that the Bible (not the Pope) was the ultimate authority on Christianity, & wanted church teachings in the vernacular (local language) not Latin
  • 9. Title ■ Text Catholic leaders responded to these criticisms by executing Wycliffe & Hus
  • 10. In 1509, Christian humanist Erasmus published Praise of Folly which called for an end of corruptions
  • 11. As a result of Johann Gutenberg’s invention of the moveable-type printing press in 1453, Erasmus’ book spread throughout Europe & increased calls for church reform
  • 12. The Protestant Reformation By the early 1500s, the Catholic Church was in turmoil over the controversy of corruption & its unwillingness to adopt reforms In Germany, a Catholic monk named Martin Luther became involved in a serious dispute with the Catholic Church
  • 13. Martin Luther’s break from the Catholic Church began the Protestant Reformation & inspired a series of new Christian denominations During the Protestant Reformation, reformers protestedprotested church corruptions & practices in hopes of reformingreforming Christianity Protestant ReformationProtest Reform
  • 14. Martin Luther As a young boy in Germany, Luther was going to become a lawyer, but after he nearly died in a thunderstorm he vowed to become a Catholic priest
  • 15. Martin Luther After studying the Bible as a monk, Martin Luther became a priest & scholar During his studies of the Bible, Luther became convinced that salvation could not be achieved by good works & sacraments Instead, Luther was inspired by St. Paul’s Epistle to the Romans: “A person can be made good by having faith in God’s mercy”
  • 16. Martin Luther Martin Luther believed that salvation was gained though having faith in God; He called this idea Justification by Faith Martin Luther was also deeply troubled by the church’s selling of indulgences, which he saw as false salvation
  • 17. In 1517, Martin Luther wrote a list of arguments against church practices called the “Ninety-Five Theses” He posted the Ninety-Five Theses on the church door in the town of Wittenberg & welcomed debate of his ideas
  • 18. The “Ninety-Five Theses” spread quickly through Europe causing an incredible controversy Many people, especially in Northern Europe, were excited about his ideas But the Catholic Church condemned Luther & rejected his ideas
  • 19. In 1521, Luther was called before the Diet of Worms, a meeting of church & political leaders The Church demanded that Luther take back his teachings Luther refused, argued that the Bible was the only source of religious authority, & encouraged Christians to study the Bible for themselves At the Diet of Worms, Martin Luther was excommunicated from the Catholic Church
  • 20. Martin Luther’s stand against the Catholic Church led to the formation of a new Christian denomination known as Lutheranism Lutheranism was the first of a series of “Protestant” Christian faiths that broke from the Catholic Church
  • 21. ■Essential Question: –What were the main beliefs of the Protestant faiths: Lutheranism, Calvinism, & Anglicanism? ■Pop Quiz!! 
  • 22. Protestant Faiths ■What were the main beliefs & practices of the first Protestant faiths: Lutheranism, Calvinism, & Anglicanism? –As a class, read the placards on Lutheranism, Calvinism, & Anglicanism –Complete the chart as you read –Be prepared to discuss your answers

Editor's Notes

  1. Medieval Christians’ everyday lives were harsh. Still, they could all follow the same path to salvation—everlasting life in heaven. Priests and other clergy administered the sacraments, or important religious ceremonies. These rites paved the way for achieving salvation. For example, through the sacrament of baptism, people became part of the Christian community. At the local level, the village church was a unifying force in the lives of most people. It served as a religious and social center. People worshiped together at the church. They also met with other villagers. Religious holidays, especially Christmas and Easter, were occasions for festive celebrations.
  2. Basis of beliefs are the 7 Holy Sacraments: Baptism, Communion, Confession, Confirmation, Marriage, Ordination of Priests, Last Rites for the Dying By participating in each sacrament, gain more of God’s grace
  3. Basis of beliefs are the 7 Holy Sacraments: Baptism, Communion, Confession, Confirmation, Marriage, Ordination of Priests, Last Rites for the Dying By participating in each sacrament, gain more of God’s grace