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The Open Strategy
 -- or how I stopped worrying
about my web site and learned
     to love the whole Internet
                             Matt McAlister
         Head of Guardian Developer Network
                    Guardian News & Media
• Why care about openness
• Platforms and ecosystems
• Opening out and opening in
• Business benefits
How big is the Internet?

                    1 Billion
                    Internet
                     Users!
How big is the Internet?




                                                  1T
      Google’s Search Index


26M
           1B


                  http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2008/07/we-knew-web-was-big.html
http://www.flickr.com/photos/garibaldi/349036152/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/itsaboyd/2344155276/
Ad networks embed themselves
    wherever the users are
           Top 15 Ad Networks March 2008
    Total U.S. – Home/Work/University Locations
                                                   Total Unique Visitors
                                                                                    % Reach
                                                          (000)

    Total Internet : Total Audience                                188,010                   100.0

             Platform-A*                                           170,537                     90.7

           Yahoo! Network                                          160,336                     85.3

         Google Ad Network                                         152,048                     80.9

            Specific Media                                         145,554                     77.4

         ValueClick Networks                                       140,091                     74.5

             Tribal Fusion                                         135,640                     72.1

        Casale Media Network                                       129,399                     68.8

              DRIVEpm                                              124,333                     66.1

        adconion media group                                       117,469                     62.5

              interCLICK                                           108,818                     57.9

          Traffic Marketplace                                      105,420                     56.1

           Collective Media                                        100,151                     53.3

           24/7 Real Media                                          94,525                     50.3

       ADSDAQ by ContextWeb                                         94,459                     50.2

             Burst Media                                            93,291                     49.6



                                      Source: ComScore, April 2008 http://www.comscore.com/press/release.asp?press=2184
The Google content network reaches over 75% of
unique internet users in more than 20 languages and
 over 100 countries. As a result, if you advertise on
  both the Google search network and the Google
                 content network,
 you have the potential to reach three of every four
           unique Internet users on Earth
Go to where the users are


“In the new distributed world you want to be
where the people are.
The media brand is less a destination and a
magnet to draw people there than a label once
you’ve found the content, wherever and however
you found it.”
- Jeff Jarvis, Buzzmachine, “APIs: The new distribution”
“Although NPR.org is still
critical to our strategy, we
     can no longer rely
exclusively on the site as a
  way to reach people.”

  http://www.npr.org/blogs/inside/2008/11/nprs_open_content_strategy.html
http://www.flickr.com/photos/heliopaz/2007012694/
The Open Strategy

OPEN IN             OPEN OUT
Drive engagement    Increase reach by
by bringing in      distributing
services from the   services across the
Internet            Internet
Platforms and ecosystems
“The importance of any given
experiment isn’t apparent at the
moment it appears; big changes
  stall, small changes spread.

 Even the revolutionaries can’t
   predict what will happen.”
        
   Clay Shirky, “Newspapers and Thinking the Unthinkable”
Ecosystem dynamics

Hosts             Food chains
Parasites         Producers
Reproduction      Consumers
Waste products    Evolution
Fuel and energy
http://www.stevenberlinjohnson.com/2009/03/the-following-is-a-speech-i-gave-yesterday-at-the-south-by-southwest-interactive-festival-in-austiniif-you-happened-to-being.html
Platform concepts compared




HBR, “Platform-Mediated Networks:Definitions and Core Concepts”, Jan 2007
Related example: Motorcycle manufacturing

  “In contrast to more traditional, top-down
  approaches, Toyota assemblers succeed not by
  preparing detailed design drawings of components
  and subsystems for their suppliers but by defining
  only a product's key modules in rough design
  blueprints and specifying broad performance
  parameters, such as weight and size.
  Toyota’s suppliers take collective responsibility for
  the detailed design of components and subsystems.
  Since they are free to improvise within broad limits,
  they have rapidly cut their costs and improved the
  quality of their products.”
  - John Hagel and John Seely Brown, Connecting Globalization & Innovation
A new view of the customer
Increased focus on partners



        Partners
          Users
         Visitors
What do they want?


High quality and unique content
Reliable and easy-to-use tools
Ways to make money
Ways to get distribution
Confidence that they matter as customers
Partners show
              success and
           become evangelists



                           Ecosystem gets
Partners find ways
                         stronger and more
to take advantage
                            attractive for
  of the platform
                               partners
The Open Strategy
500+ Twitter Apps
Examples: Open Out and Open In


  Content
  User engagement
  Applications and tools
  Revenue streams
Opening Out
Open Out: RSS
Open Out: Social Networks
The Open Strategy
The Open Strategy
Open Out: Applications
Open Out: Tools
Give partners access to your data



                         mysite.com



       startup.com
                                          newapp.com




                     Publisher Platform
The Open Strategy
Opening In
The Open Strategy
Open In: Users
Open In: User Behaviors

“One of the key lessons of the Web 2.0 era is this:
Users add value. But only a small percentage of users
will go to the trouble of adding value to your
application via explicit means.
Therefore, Web 2.0 companies set inclusive defaults
for aggregating user data and building value as a
side-effect of ordinary use of the application…
They build systems that get better the more people
use them. ”

                Tim O’Reilly, “What is Web 2.0?”, September 2005
Open In: Applications
http://www.slideshare.net/fedecarg/open-platforms-and-apis
Business Benefits
The Open Strategy
The Open Strategy
Common view of the benefits


Drive traffic back to your web site
Innovate faster = cost savings
Improve reach
Extend advertising and licensing models
Direct revenue
•   Advertisers use the ad
    networks to maximize
    reach

•   …but targeting is
    increasing in priority
The Open Strategy
The Open Strategy
Encouraging use
The scary stuff



How do I prevent misrepresentations of the
brand and our content?
Can we turn it off?
Who is using our stuff?
Create the conditions for growth

 Access
 Redistribution
 Reuse
 Absence of Technological Restriction
 Attribution
 Integrity
 No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor
 Distribution of License
 License Must Not Be Specific to a Package
 License Must Not Restrict the Distribution of Other Works
The Open Strategy
“You may attach advertising to
  your web site which includes
   Guardian content without
accounting to us for any share in
    the revenue generated.”
The Open Strategy
Conclusion
The Network is the Computer

The network effect is a characteristic
that causes a good or service to have
a value to a potential customer
dependent on the number of customers
already owning that good or using
that service.

For example, by purchasing a
telephone a person makes other
telephones more useful.
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_effects
“When all that is solid is melting
into air it’s important that we try
   to imagine how we’d like the
  future to turn out and set our
    sights on that, and not just
struggle to keep the past alive for
        a few more years.”
      
   Steven Berlin Johnson, “Old Growth Media and the Future of News”
Ecosystems can flatten markets


quot;The average export price of Chinese
[motorcycles] has dropped from $700
in the late 1990's to under $200 in
2002. The impact on rivals has been
brutal: Honda's share of Vietnam's
motorcycle market, for instance,
dropped from nearly 90 percent in 1997
to 30 percent in 2002.“
Thank you.




               Matt McAlister
matt.mcalister@guardian.co.uk

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ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
 

The Open Strategy

  • 1. The Open Strategy -- or how I stopped worrying about my web site and learned to love the whole Internet Matt McAlister Head of Guardian Developer Network Guardian News & Media
  • 2. • Why care about openness • Platforms and ecosystems • Opening out and opening in • Business benefits
  • 3. How big is the Internet? 1 Billion Internet Users!
  • 4. How big is the Internet? 1T Google’s Search Index 26M 1B http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2008/07/we-knew-web-was-big.html
  • 7. Ad networks embed themselves wherever the users are Top 15 Ad Networks March 2008 Total U.S. – Home/Work/University Locations Total Unique Visitors % Reach (000) Total Internet : Total Audience 188,010 100.0 Platform-A* 170,537 90.7 Yahoo! Network 160,336 85.3 Google Ad Network 152,048 80.9 Specific Media 145,554 77.4 ValueClick Networks 140,091 74.5 Tribal Fusion 135,640 72.1 Casale Media Network 129,399 68.8 DRIVEpm 124,333 66.1 adconion media group 117,469 62.5 interCLICK 108,818 57.9 Traffic Marketplace 105,420 56.1 Collective Media 100,151 53.3 24/7 Real Media 94,525 50.3 ADSDAQ by ContextWeb 94,459 50.2 Burst Media 93,291 49.6 Source: ComScore, April 2008 http://www.comscore.com/press/release.asp?press=2184
  • 8. The Google content network reaches over 75% of unique internet users in more than 20 languages and over 100 countries. As a result, if you advertise on both the Google search network and the Google content network, you have the potential to reach three of every four unique Internet users on Earth
  • 9. Go to where the users are “In the new distributed world you want to be where the people are. The media brand is less a destination and a magnet to draw people there than a label once you’ve found the content, wherever and however you found it.” - Jeff Jarvis, Buzzmachine, “APIs: The new distribution”
  • 10. “Although NPR.org is still critical to our strategy, we can no longer rely exclusively on the site as a way to reach people.” http://www.npr.org/blogs/inside/2008/11/nprs_open_content_strategy.html
  • 12. The Open Strategy OPEN IN OPEN OUT Drive engagement Increase reach by by bringing in distributing services from the services across the Internet Internet
  • 14. “The importance of any given experiment isn’t apparent at the moment it appears; big changes stall, small changes spread. Even the revolutionaries can’t predict what will happen.” Clay Shirky, “Newspapers and Thinking the Unthinkable”
  • 15. Ecosystem dynamics Hosts Food chains Parasites Producers Reproduction Consumers Waste products Evolution Fuel and energy
  • 17. Platform concepts compared HBR, “Platform-Mediated Networks:Definitions and Core Concepts”, Jan 2007
  • 18. Related example: Motorcycle manufacturing “In contrast to more traditional, top-down approaches, Toyota assemblers succeed not by preparing detailed design drawings of components and subsystems for their suppliers but by defining only a product's key modules in rough design blueprints and specifying broad performance parameters, such as weight and size. Toyota’s suppliers take collective responsibility for the detailed design of components and subsystems. Since they are free to improvise within broad limits, they have rapidly cut their costs and improved the quality of their products.” - John Hagel and John Seely Brown, Connecting Globalization & Innovation
  • 19. A new view of the customer
  • 20. Increased focus on partners Partners Users Visitors
  • 21. What do they want? High quality and unique content Reliable and easy-to-use tools Ways to make money Ways to get distribution Confidence that they matter as customers
  • 22. Partners show success and become evangelists Ecosystem gets Partners find ways stronger and more to take advantage attractive for of the platform partners
  • 25. Examples: Open Out and Open In Content User engagement Applications and tools Revenue streams
  • 28. Open Out: Social Networks
  • 33. Give partners access to your data mysite.com startup.com newapp.com Publisher Platform
  • 38. Open In: User Behaviors “One of the key lessons of the Web 2.0 era is this: Users add value. But only a small percentage of users will go to the trouble of adding value to your application via explicit means. Therefore, Web 2.0 companies set inclusive defaults for aggregating user data and building value as a side-effect of ordinary use of the application… They build systems that get better the more people use them. ” Tim O’Reilly, “What is Web 2.0?”, September 2005
  • 44. Common view of the benefits Drive traffic back to your web site Innovate faster = cost savings Improve reach Extend advertising and licensing models
  • 46. Advertisers use the ad networks to maximize reach • …but targeting is increasing in priority
  • 50. The scary stuff How do I prevent misrepresentations of the brand and our content? Can we turn it off? Who is using our stuff?
  • 51. Create the conditions for growth Access Redistribution Reuse Absence of Technological Restriction Attribution Integrity No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor Distribution of License License Must Not Be Specific to a Package License Must Not Restrict the Distribution of Other Works
  • 53. “You may attach advertising to your web site which includes Guardian content without accounting to us for any share in the revenue generated.”
  • 56. The Network is the Computer The network effect is a characteristic that causes a good or service to have a value to a potential customer dependent on the number of customers already owning that good or using that service. For example, by purchasing a telephone a person makes other telephones more useful. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_effects
  • 57. “When all that is solid is melting into air it’s important that we try to imagine how we’d like the future to turn out and set our sights on that, and not just struggle to keep the past alive for a few more years.” Steven Berlin Johnson, “Old Growth Media and the Future of News”
  • 58. Ecosystems can flatten markets quot;The average export price of Chinese [motorcycles] has dropped from $700 in the late 1990's to under $200 in 2002. The impact on rivals has been brutal: Honda's share of Vietnam's motorcycle market, for instance, dropped from nearly 90 percent in 1997 to 30 percent in 2002.“
  • 59. Thank you. Matt McAlister matt.mcalister@guardian.co.uk