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Android Services Black Magicby Aleksandar (Saša) Gargenta, Marakana Inc. Android Builders Summit F...
AboutAleksandar (Saša) Gargenta • Developer and instructor of Android Internals and Security training at Marakana • Fo...
Android Stack Applications ...
Vibrator on Android com.exam...
Power on Android com.example.ap...
Alarm on Android ...
Package Manager on Android ...
WiFi Management on Android com.ex...
Location on Android com.exam...
Audio Policy on Android com.examp...
Audio Playback on Androidcom.ex.app (/data/app/ExampleApp.apk) mediaserver ...
Telephony on Android PhoneApp ...
DevicePolicy on Android ...
Thank YouFor the complete screencast of this presentation go to http://mrkn.co/munz7 @agarge...
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Android Services Black Magic by Aleksandar Gargenta

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Presented at Android Builders Summit on February 14th in Redwood Shores, CA by Aleksandar (Saša) Gargenta, from Marakana Inc.

For the complete slides from this talk go to http://mrkn.co/munz7

"The most interesting part of Android stack are the Android System Services. The 60+ such services expose the low level functionality, such as Power Management, Wifi, Camera, Sensors, GPS, Display, Audio, Media, and so on, all the hardware all the way up to the application layer. While each one is different, the all have certain similarities, namely the way they rely on Binder (Android's IPC mechanism), use JNI to cross Java-C boundary, and use of shared libraries to abstract the Linux drivers. In this talk, we'll explore the common system services in Android and discuss their architecture. You will get to see the diagrams of the inner workings of some of the previously undocumented parts of the Android stack. By the end of the talk, you should have a better understanding of the underpinnings of the backbone of Android OS."

https://events.linuxfoundation.org/events/android-builders-summit/gargentaa

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Android Services Black Magic by Aleksandar Gargenta

  1. 1. Android Services Black Magicby Aleksandar (Saša) Gargenta, Marakana Inc. Android Builders Summit February 14th, 2012 Redwood Shores, CA Screencast @ http://mrkn.co/munz7
  2. 2. AboutAleksandar (Saša) Gargenta • Developer and instructor of Android Internals and Security training at Marakana • Founder and co-organizer of San Francisco Android User Group (sfandroid.org) • Founder and co-organizer of San Francisco Java User Group (sfjava.org) • Co-founder and co-organizer of San Francisco HTML5 User Group (sfhtml5.org) • Speaker at AnDevCon, AndroidOpen, Android Builders Summit, etc. • Server-side Java and Linux, since 1997 • Android/embedded Java and Linux, since 2009 • Worked on SMS, WAP Push, MMS, OTA provisioning in previous life • @agargenta on Twitter • aleksandar.gargenta@gmail.com on Google+Marakana - Helping people get better at what they do • Training on cutting edge open source software (like Android!) • Rockstar team of experts, on staff • Content is king • http://marakana.com/
  3. 3. Android Stack Applications Content Home Contacts Phone Browser Providers Application Framework Activity Window Vibrator WiFi Battery Service Service Service Service Service Package Telephony Resource Location Notification Service Service Manager Service Service Native LayerSurface Media Android Runtime SQLite SSLFlinger Framework Core LibsOpenGL vold netd WebKit Dalvik libwifi libcamera libgps libc VM Display Camera Linux Kernel GPS Binder Driver Driver Driver Driver Keypad WiFi Audio Power Driver Driver Driver Mgmt
  4. 4. Vibrator on Android com.example.app (/data/app/ExampleApp.apk) system_server DalvikVM DalvikVM classes.dex /system/framework/framework.jar com.example.app.ExampleActivity android.os.IVibratorService.Stub extends calls /system/framework/framework.jar /system/framework/services.jar registers "vibrator" service via ServiceManager android.os.Vibrator com.android.server.SystemServer creates calls android.os.IVibratorService.Stub.Proxy com.android.server.VibratorService looks up "vibrator" service via SM calls/links togets a reference to the ServiceManager (handle=0) /system/lib/libandroid_servers.so /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so references uses (calls) com_android_server_VibratorService.cpp /system/lib/libbinder.so calls /system/lib/lib*.so /system/lib/libhardware_legacy.so vibrator.c invokes transaction uses (io write) /system/bin/servicemanager /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so service_manager.c /system/lib/libbinder.so references /system/lib/lib*.so /system/lib/lib*.so /dev/binder /sys/class/timed_output/vibrator/enable Kernel registers as binder context manager gets a reference to the ServiceManager (handle=0)
  5. 5. Power on Android com.example.app (/data/app/ExampleApp.apk) system_server DalvikVM DalvikVM /system/framework/framework.jar classes.dex android.os.IPowerManager.Stub com.example.app.ExampleActivity android.os.Power calls calls /system/framework/framework.jar /system/framework/services.jar extends creates registers "power" service via ServiceManager android.os.PowerManager com.android.server.SystemServer creates android.os.PowerManager.WakeLock com.android.server.PowerManagerService looks up "power" service via SM calls/links togets a reference to the ServiceManager (handle=0) android.os.IPowerManager.Stub.Proxy calls /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so references android_os_Power.cpp /system/lib/libbinder.so calls /system/lib/lib*.so /system/lib/libhardware_legacy.so uses (calls) power.c uses (io write) /system/bin/servicemanager /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so service_manager.c /system/lib/libbinder.so invokes references /system/lib/lib*.so /system/lib/lib*.so /dev/binder /sys/power/wake_lock Kernel registers as binder context manager gets a reference to the ServiceManager (handle=0)
  6. 6. Alarm on Android com.android.deskclock system_server (/system/app/DeskClock.apk) DalvikVM DalvikVM /system/framework/framework.jar classes.dex android.app.IAlarmManager.Stub calls com.android.deskclock.AlarmClock com.android.deskclock.Alarms extends /system/framework/services.jar uses calls /system/framework/framework.jar registers "alarm" service via ServiceManager com.android.server.SystemServer creates android.app.ContextImpl android.app.AlarmManager .AlarmManagerService looks up "alarm" service via SM calls calls/links togets a reference to the ServiceManager (handle=0) android.app.IAlarmManager.Stub.Proxy /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so references /system/lib/libandroid_servers.so /system/lib/libbinder.so uses (calls) com_android_server_AlarmManagerService.cpp /system/lib/lib*.so /system/bin/servicemanager /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so uses (ioctl) service_manager.c /system/lib/libbinder.so invokes references /system/lib/lib*.so /system/lib/lib*.so /dev/binder /dev/alarm Kernel registers as binder context manager gets a reference to the ServiceManager (handle=0)
  7. 7. Package Manager on Android com.android.packageinstaller system_server (/system/app/PackageInstaller.apk) DalvikVM DalvikVM classes.dex /system/framework/framework.jar .PackageInstallerActivity android.content.pm.IPackageManager.Stub calls .InstallAppProgress extends extends /system/framework/services.jar /system/framework/framework.jar calls creates android.content.pm.PackageManager com.android.server.SystemServer android.app.ApplicationPackageManager com.android.server.pm.PackageManagerService calls calls looks up "package" service via SM registers "package" service via SMgets a reference to the ServiceManager (handle=0) android.content.pm.IPackageManager.Stub.Proxy com.android.server.pm.Installer /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so references /system/lib/libbinder.so uses (calls) /system/lib/libbinder.so /system/lib/lib*.so send messages /system/lib/lib*.so invokes transaction /system/bin/servicemanager service_manager.c installd installd.c references /system/lib/lib*.so get messages /dev/binder /dev/socket/installd Kernel registers as binder context manager gets a reference to the ServiceManager (handle=0)
  8. 8. WiFi Management on Android com.example.app (/data/app/ExampleApp.apk) system_server DalvikVM DalvikVM /system/framework/framework.jar classes.dex android.net.wifi.IWifiManager.Stub com.example.app.ExampleActivity android.net.wifi.WifiStateMachine calls calls /system/framework/framework.jar android.net.wifi.WifiNative extends creates calls android.net.wifi.WifiManager /system/framework/services.jar calls com.android.server.SystemServer android.net.wifi.IWifiManager.Stub.Proxy calls/links togets a reference to the ServiceManager (handle=0) looks up "wifi" service via SM com.android.server.WifiService registers "wifi" service via SM /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so /system/lib/libandroid_servers.so android_net_wifi_Wifi.cpp uses (calls) /system/lib/libbinder.so calls references /system/lib/libhardware_legacy.so /system/lib/lib*.so wifi.c calls /system/lib/libwpa_client.so /system/bin/servicemanager wpa_ctrl.c sends commands service_manager.c /system/lib/lib*.so invokes references /system/lib/lib*.so wpa_supplicant /dev/binder bcmdhd /dev/socket/wpa_wlan0 Kernel registers as binder context manager calls (ioctl) read commands as nl80211
  9. 9. Location on Android com.example.app (/data/app/ExampleApp.apk) system_server DalvikVM DalvikVM /system/framework/framework.jar classes.dex .LocationManager.Stub com.example.app.ExampleActivity creates extends /system/framework/services.jar calls /system/framework/framework.jar com.android.server.SystemServer calls android.location.LocationManager .LocationManagerService calls .location.GpsLocationProvider registers "location" service via SM looks up "location" service via SMgets a reference to the ServiceManager (handle=0) .LocationManager.Stub.Proxy links to calls /system/lib/libandroid_servers.so /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so _location_GpsLocationProvider.cpp uses (calls) references /system/lib/libbinder.so loads calls /vendor/lib/hw/gps.omap4.so /system/lib/lib*.so impl of include/hardware/gps.h /system/lib/libhardware.so /system/bin/servicemanager uses (io) /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so service_manager.c /system/lib/libbinder.so invokes references /system/lib/lib*.so /system/lib/lib*.so /dev/binder /dev/ttyo0 Kernel registers as binder context manager
  10. 10. Audio Policy on Android com.example.app (/data/app/ExampleApp.apk) system_server DalvikVM DalvikVM /system/framework/framework.jar extends classes.dex android.media.IAudioService.Stub com.example.app.ExampleActivity android.media.AudioService calls calls creates /system/framework/framework.jar android.media.AudioSystem links to/calls android.media.AudioManager /system/framework/services.jar calls com.android.server.SystemServer android.media.IAudioService.Stub.Proxy looks up "audio" service via SMgets a reference to the ServiceManager (handle=0) /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so registers "audio" service via SM android_media_AudioSystem.cpp calls /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so /system/lib/libmedia.so android.AudioSystem calls /system/lib/libbinder.so android.BpAudioPolicyService uses (calls) /system/lib/lib*.so references mediaserver calls extends /system/lib/libmedia.so android.BnAudioPolicyService /system/bin/servicemanager /system/lib/libaudioflinger.so android.AudioPolicyService calls service_manager.c invokes /system/lib/hw/audio_policy.default.so android_audio_legacy.AudioPolicyManagerDefault calls /system/lib/lib*.so /system/lib/hw/audio.primary.tuna.so audio_hw.c uses (ioctl) calls references looks up "media.audio_policy" /system/lib/libtinyalsa.so registers as binder context manager mixer.c /dev/binder /dev/snd/controlC0 (ALSA) Kernel
  11. 11. Audio Playback on Androidcom.ex.app (/data/app/ExampleApp.apk) mediaserver DalvikVM /system/lib/libmediaplayerservice.so /system/lib/libmedia.so classes.dex android.BnMediaPlayerService android.MediaPlayerService com.ex.app.ExampleActivity android.BnMediaPlayer android.MediaPlayerService.Client /system/framework/framework.jar .AudioTrack .AudioSystem android.StagefrightPlayer android.media.MediaPlayer .MediaPlayerService.AudioOutput /system/lib/libstagefright.so /system/lib/libmedia_jni.so .AwesomePlayer .AudioPlayer /system/lib/libstagefright_soft_mp3dec.so android_media_MediaPlayer.cpp .MediaSource .MP3Source android.SoftMP3 .OMXCodec .MP3Extractor /system/lib/libmedia.so /system/lib/libaudioflinger.so android.BpMediaPlayer .AudioFlinger .AudioPolicyService android.BpMediaPlayerService /system/lib/hw/audio.primary.tuna.so /system/lib/ /system/lib/ audio_hw.c libstagefrighthw.so libOMX_Core.so /system/lib/lib*.so android.TIOMXPlugin OMX_Core.c /system/lib/libtinyalsa.so /system/lib/hw/audio_policy.default.so /system/bin/servicemanager service_manager.c pcm.c android_audio_legacy.AudioPolicyManagerDefault /system/lib/lib*.so /dev/binder /dev/snd/pcmC0D0p (ALSA) /dev/snd/controlC0 (ALSA) Kernel
  12. 12. Telephony on Android PhoneApp system_server (/system/app/Phone.apk) DalvikVM DalvikVM /system/framework/framework.jar classes.dex android.media.AudioService uses CallController CallController PhoneUtilscalls /system/framework/framework.jar com.android.internal.telephony.CallManager calls android.media.AudioManager com.android.internal.telephony.Phonecalls implements rild com.android.internal.telephony.gsm.GSMPhone rild.c calls GsmCallTracker Socket messages /system/lib/libril.so loads RIL uses /system/lib/libsecril-client.so RILSender RILReceiver /vendor/lib/libsec-ril.so Socket messages Socket messages uses /dev/socket/rild /dev/ttys0 Audio drivers Kernel
  13. 13. DevicePolicy on Android com.example.enterpriseapp system_server (/data/app/EnterpriseApp.apk) DalvikVM DalvikVM /system/framework/framework.jar classes.dex android.app.admin.DevicePolicyManager.Stub .ExampleActivity calls android.os.RecoverySystem calls calls android.os.PowerManager extends /system/framework/framework.jar calls com.android.internal.app.ShutdownThread android.app.admin.DevicePolicyManager android.os.Power looks up "device_policy" service via SM calls calls registers "device_policy" service via SM creates calls /system/framework/services.jargets a reference to the ServiceManager (handle=0) android.app.admin.DevicePolicyManager.Stub.Proxy com.android.server.SystemServer com.android.server.DevicePolicyManagerService /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so com.android.server.PowerManagerService /system/lib/libbinder.so links to/calls references /system/lib/lib*.so /system/lib/libandroid_runtime.so uses (calls) invokes transaction android_os_Power.cpp reboot /system/bin/servicemanager /system/lib/lib*.so service_manager.c recovery writes references reads /system/lib/lib*.so recovery.c /cache/recovery/command /dev/binder /dev/block/platform/omap/omap_hsmmc.0/by-name/userdata erases Kernel formats registers as binder context manager gets a reference to the ServiceManager (handle=0)
  14. 14. Thank YouFor the complete screencast of this presentation go to http://mrkn.co/munz7 @agargenta on Twitter aleksandar.gargenta@gmail.com on G+

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