2. Guided Exploratory Approach
●Process-Oriented Method – step-by-step
acquisition of knowledge and skills.
●3 major Considerations:
●a. The process emphasizes how to learn and
not to learn.
●b. It stresses the need for functional/relevant
transfer of knowledge.
c. It is concerned with the development of the
intellect.
3. Inductive
A method which from the specific before arriving
at a generation.
Steps of the inductive method
a. Preparation
b. Presentation
c. Comparison and abstraction
d. Generalization
e. Application
4. Inquiry Teaching
“Discovery Teaching” and “Discovery Learning”
Commonly used in higher level thinking.
This method helps the students to learn how to
ask questions, seek answers or solutions to
problems.
5. Laboratory Method
●A kind of teaching procedure that deals with
investigation and experimentation and which
normally involves firsthand experiences concerning
materials and facts obtained.
●A. Experimental – emphasizes discovery of a
solution to a problem either by problem solving or
acquisition of information.
●B. Observational – focuses on the acquisition of
facts.
6. Steps of the laboratory method
a. Orientation and motivation
b. Work Period
c. Culminating activities
7. Problem Solving
This is a teaching method that uses the
scientific method in searching for information
and for improving the reasoning process.
Also referred to as reflective thinking
considered as to be model as the 1990s up to
50s.
Effective however, in teaching non-science
subjects.
8. Steps in Problem Solving
a. Sensing and Defining the Problem
b. Formulating the Hypotheses.
c. Testing for the Hypotheses.
d. Analysis
e. Formulating Conclusion
9. How effective is the problem-solving
method?
●Critical thinking
●Independence of mind
●Open mindedness
●Sense of responsibility
10. Guidelines for an effective
problem-solving
1. Problem must be clear and concise.
2. Problem is adapted to the age, interest, skills
of the students.
3. Use cooperative learning to ensure a more
active participation of group members.
4. Furnish leading questions at every step to
monitor progress of the undertaking.
5. Prepare supplementary materials to substitute
for materials that are not available.
●
11. 6. See to it that the process or procedure is done
correctly and well.
7. Set criteria for evaluation.
Project Method
Requires the students to construct projects
as a result of the study/research done.
Self-directed – individual's effort
12. Effectiveness of Project Method
1. Project is reflective of the amount of
understanding the students have for the concept
developed.
2. It provides avenues for self-expression and
creativity.
3. It develops desirable attitudes.
4. Group projects enhance cooperation and
sharing of ideas.
13. Guidelines of the Project Method
1. Set clear objectives for evaluation.
2. Encourage use of available local materials.
3. Assign projects according to the interest and
ability of the students.
4. Provide minimal supervision to set directions and
monitor progress.
5. Projects must not be duplications of previously
done output of the students.
14. Steps of the Project Method
1. Purposing
2. Planning
3. Executing
4. Evaluating
