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EQ: How were workers treated unfairly by
employers during late 1800s and the
early 1900s?
With the development of new inventions and
the rise of corporations, life for the average
American worker began to change.
While small businesses continued to exist,
more and more people were being employed
in industrial jobs like by factories and mines.
Problem: Immigrant Labor
Many new industrial jobs were
filled by immigrants.
Immigrants were often not only accustomed to a lower
standard of living, but also desperate for work.
The immigrants would often be willing to take jobs that paid low
wages and required long hours that native-born Americans would not.
Some people, desperate for employment, worked in sweatshops.
Sweatshops are small factories often found in
buildings that have dangerous or unhealthy
(unsanitary) working conditions.
Employees usually work excessively long hours for low wages.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vuuUms7ckH8&feature=player_detailpage&list=PLC1CD6FD037741AB6
One such sweatshop was the Triangle Shirtwaist Company located in
New York City. On March 25, 1911, a fire broke out at the factory and
took the lives of 146 immigrant women, some as young as 15 years old.
Shi
The owners had often locked the exits claiming that
employees stole from the factory.
The 9th Floor
Immigrant Women
Shirtwaist Employees
1870
 750,000 children
under the age of 15
working in mines and
factories.
 This did not include
children who worked
for their families in
businesses or on
farms.
1911
 More than two million
American children
under the age of 16
were working
 Many worked 12 hours
or more a day, six days
a week, without going
to school.
Children
Working
Cannery: "...children as young as six employed as
headers and cleaners (of shrimp and fish)... stand for
shifts of 12 hours and longer in open sheds... hands
immersed in cold water..."
Problem: Women Working
o Women worked long
hours.
o Women made low
wages
o Women worked in
unsafe unsanitary
conditions
Problem: Women Working
o Women usually
earned about half as
much money as men.
o One woman wrote:
“It took me months and
months to save up
money to buy a dress or
a pair of shoes.”
IMMIGRANT LABOR CHILDREN WORKING
 Worked long hours
 Made low wages
 Worked in unsafe
and/or unsanitary
conditions
 Worked long hours
 Made low wages
 Worked in unsafe
and/or unsanitary
conditions
 Could not attend
school
Women Working
o Worked long hours
o Made low wages
o Worked in unsafe and/or unsanitary conditions
o Usually earned about half as much as men
Let’s
Review
EQ: What is a labor union and how
did they attempt to fix the problems
caused by the rise of big businesses?
Employees organized labor unions in an effort to:
1. get safer working conditions
2. have shorter work weeks with
fewer hours
3. get higher wages (money)
Most business fought these unions and
would fire employees who joined one.
Labor Unions Continued:
Mary Harris Jones, called “Mother” Jones by many, was
one of the most famous labor union workers.
In 1900 when coal miners in Pennsylvania called a strike,
“Mother” Jones gathered together a group of women to
turn away strikebreakers.
In a strike, workers refuse to work to try to force business
owners to meet their demands.
In 1903 “Mother” Jones led a group of
children to protest child labor in mines.
As a result, Pennsylvania passed a law
in 1905 forbidding children under the
age of 14 from working.
In 1886 Samuel Gompers formed the
American Federation of Labor, or AFL.
The AFL is an organization that helped get laws
passed to:
1. end child labor,
2. shortened working hours
3. and required employers to pay workers for
injuries they sustained while working

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Business Problems and Solutions

  • 1. EQ: How were workers treated unfairly by employers during late 1800s and the early 1900s?
  • 2. With the development of new inventions and the rise of corporations, life for the average American worker began to change. While small businesses continued to exist, more and more people were being employed in industrial jobs like by factories and mines.
  • 3. Problem: Immigrant Labor Many new industrial jobs were filled by immigrants. Immigrants were often not only accustomed to a lower standard of living, but also desperate for work.
  • 4. The immigrants would often be willing to take jobs that paid low wages and required long hours that native-born Americans would not.
  • 5. Some people, desperate for employment, worked in sweatshops. Sweatshops are small factories often found in buildings that have dangerous or unhealthy (unsanitary) working conditions. Employees usually work excessively long hours for low wages.
  • 6. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vuuUms7ckH8&feature=player_detailpage&list=PLC1CD6FD037741AB6 One such sweatshop was the Triangle Shirtwaist Company located in New York City. On March 25, 1911, a fire broke out at the factory and took the lives of 146 immigrant women, some as young as 15 years old. Shi The owners had often locked the exits claiming that employees stole from the factory. The 9th Floor Immigrant Women Shirtwaist Employees
  • 7. 1870  750,000 children under the age of 15 working in mines and factories.  This did not include children who worked for their families in businesses or on farms. 1911  More than two million American children under the age of 16 were working  Many worked 12 hours or more a day, six days a week, without going to school.
  • 9. Cannery: "...children as young as six employed as headers and cleaners (of shrimp and fish)... stand for shifts of 12 hours and longer in open sheds... hands immersed in cold water..."
  • 10. Problem: Women Working o Women worked long hours. o Women made low wages o Women worked in unsafe unsanitary conditions
  • 11. Problem: Women Working o Women usually earned about half as much money as men. o One woman wrote: “It took me months and months to save up money to buy a dress or a pair of shoes.”
  • 12. IMMIGRANT LABOR CHILDREN WORKING  Worked long hours  Made low wages  Worked in unsafe and/or unsanitary conditions  Worked long hours  Made low wages  Worked in unsafe and/or unsanitary conditions  Could not attend school Women Working o Worked long hours o Made low wages o Worked in unsafe and/or unsanitary conditions o Usually earned about half as much as men Let’s Review
  • 13. EQ: What is a labor union and how did they attempt to fix the problems caused by the rise of big businesses?
  • 14. Employees organized labor unions in an effort to: 1. get safer working conditions 2. have shorter work weeks with fewer hours 3. get higher wages (money) Most business fought these unions and would fire employees who joined one.
  • 15. Labor Unions Continued: Mary Harris Jones, called “Mother” Jones by many, was one of the most famous labor union workers. In 1900 when coal miners in Pennsylvania called a strike, “Mother” Jones gathered together a group of women to turn away strikebreakers. In a strike, workers refuse to work to try to force business owners to meet their demands. In 1903 “Mother” Jones led a group of children to protest child labor in mines. As a result, Pennsylvania passed a law in 1905 forbidding children under the age of 14 from working.
  • 16. In 1886 Samuel Gompers formed the American Federation of Labor, or AFL. The AFL is an organization that helped get laws passed to: 1. end child labor, 2. shortened working hours 3. and required employers to pay workers for injuries they sustained while working