1. COCKPIT WHITEBOX
Existing System: The Black Box
The Black Box in the cockpit is only been elemental in recording the audio
part, happening in cockpit and apparently the control station at the ATC
obtains the deferred data as explained by Pilot and thus there is no
automated system to obtain the instantaneous reports happening there.
Moreover if the Pilot the asks for the replay of the process that had gone
through, in his past-journey span while on-board and still at traveling, its
not possible for the Base Station to relay the Replay of the information.
Proposed System:
Here we propose a system of automated information to be available to
the Base, and also the instantaneous Relay of the Alert Levels and the
Replay of the course of journey, the pilot had covered till the time back to
him.
Implementation:
We split the project into 3 parts:
1. The Pilot’s side.
2. The External Hardware implementation.
3. The Control Base at ATC.
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2. The Pilot-Side:
It consists of the interfaced software so as the Pilot to interact
with the system and the Sensors to give the details of the
Speed, Flight-Level, and the direction. It also consists of an
internal system to define its Call Sign (the name of the Flight)
and the Unique Code for authentication of the Flight. All the
above details are sent to the Base-Station by Position
implementation.
The External Hardware Implementation:
Its consists of the Transceiver(a Transmitter-Receiver pair)
employed at both the Pilot and the Control Base side, the
RS232C serial port, to read the received information, and an
Embedded Microcontroller to convert the RS232C signal into
CPU commands.
The Control Base at ATC:
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3. Consists of the User Interface, The Database, The Read-
File, and The Static Map File. Here it accumulates all the
incoming informations from the Microcontroller, and Stores it into
the database. It the then updates the User-Interface and
simultaneously the Static Map, by mapping the Co-ordinates
and other Dynamic Details into the Static Map. The whole process
is converted into a Read file, that contains all the Dynamic and
Static Parameters. Any Replay request from the pilot or the Alert
Levels is taken into account and Relayed to the Pilot taken from
the Read-File.
Requirement Specifications:
Hardware Requirements:
• Transceivers
• RS232C serial port
• PIC Embededed Microcontroller
• Specifications Based Systems.
Software Requirements:
• VB
• PIC Microcontroller Simulator
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4. Block Diagram:
RF Transmitter Serial Port
Module Interface
(RS232
Communication)
RF Receiver
Module
RF Receiver
Module
RF Transmitter Module
433.92MHZ Pic
Microcontroller
16F877
PIC
Microcontroller
PIC16F877
Motor Driver Circuits
A B C
Stepper Motor (Flight)
Power
Processing Circuits (0-5V
Supply
DC)
Unit
C
B
A Speed
Sensor
Infrared Potentiome Proximity
Level ter Sensor
Sensors Direction
Sensors
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5. Company Profile: Airport Authority of India(AAI)
AAI, a Govt.of India Organisation, was constituted by an Act of
Parliament and came into being on 1st April, 1995 by merging
National Airports Authority and International Airports Authority of
India, manages 126 airports, which include 11 international airports,
89 domestic airports and 26 civil enclaves at Defence airfields. All
major air-routes over Indian landmass are Radar covered (24 Radar
installations at 11 locations) along with VOR/DVOR coverage (72
installations), at Calcutta and Chennai Air Traffic Control Centers, co-
located with Distance Measuring Equipment (71 installations), 39
runways provided with ILS installations with Night Landing Facilities
at 36 airports and Automatic Message Switching System at 15
airports.
Functions:
• Control and management of the Indian airspace extending
beyond the territorial limits of the country, as accepted by
ICAO
• Provision of visual aids.
• Provision of Communication and Navigational aids viz. ILS,
DVOR, DME, Radar, etc. of AAI:
Air-Traffic Controller (ATC):
• The air traffic control system is a vast network of people
and equipment that ensure the safe operation of
commercial and private aircraft. Air traffic controllers
coordinate the movement of air traffic to make certain that
planes stay a safe distance apart. Their immediate concern
is safety, but controllers also must direct planes efficiently
to minimize delays.
• ATCs control and monitor movement of aircraft taking off,
landing, and when en route in designated controlled
airspace. Pilots of air craft are in a 2-way radio
communication with controllers and ATCs also keep them
informed about changes in weather conditions and other
details.
• Relying on radar and visual observation, employed at the
Control Tower, ATCs closely monitor each plane to ensure
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6. that there is a safe distance between all aircraft
horizontally, vertically and directionally, and to guide pilots
between the hanger or ramp and the airport’s airspace.
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