2. M Vishnuvardhan
List
Lists are used to store multiple items in a single variable. In Python programming,
a list is created by placing all the items (elements) inside a square bracket [ ]
Eg: fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
List can be empty or can have different types or can have duplicates
Eg: names=[ ]
values=[10,”ramu”,35.369,False]
numbers=[10,20,30,10,20,30,10,20,30]

3. M Vishnuvardhan
List – Indexing
To access the elements in the list index is used. Index is an integer representing
the position of the element in the List. Index always starts from 0 and ends at n-1
Eg: names = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
names[0] #apple is returned
names[4] # Index error
names[1.5] # Type Error
Python allows negative indexing i.e., -1 refers the last item and -2 represents the
last but so on.. (starts at -1 and goes up to –n)
names[-1] # cherry is retuned
names[-6] # Index error

4. M Vishnuvardhan
List – Slicing
Slicing operator (:) is used to get range of indexes. When specifying a range, the
return value will be a new list with the specified items.
Syntax listName [ start : end ] # start is inclusive and end is exclusive
Eg:fruits=["apple","banana","cherry","orange","kiwi","melon","mango"]
fruits[2:5] # returns [“cherry”,”orange”,”kiwi”] # 5 is not included
If start is skipped then returns items from beginning
fruits[:2] #returns [“apple”,”banana”]
If end is skipped then returns items till end .
fruits[4:] #returns [“kiwi”,”melon”,”mango”]
Slicing allows negative indexing also

5. M Vishnuvardhan
List – Basic Operations
Python Expression Results Description
len([1, 2, 3]) 3 Length
[1, 2, 3] + [4, 5, 6] [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] Concatenation
['Hi!'] * 4 ['Hi!', 'Hi!', 'Hi!', 'Hi!'] Repetition
3 in [1, 2, 3] True Membership
for x in [1, 2, 3]:
print x
1 2 3 Iteration

6. M Vishnuvardhan
List class methods
Function description
append() Add an element to the end of the list
extend() Add all elements of a list to the another list
insert() Insert an item at the defined index
remove() Removes an item from the list
pop()
Removes and returns an element at the given
index
clear() Removes all items from the list
index() Returns the index of the first matched item
count()
Returns the count of number of items passed as
an argument
sort() Sort items in a list in ascending order
reverse() Reverse the order of items in the list
copy() Returns a shallow copy of the list

7. M Vishnuvardhan
Built-in functions with List
Function Description
all()
Return True if all elements of the list are true
(or if the list is empty).
any()
Return True if any element of the list is true. If
the list is empty, return False.
enumerate()
Return an enumerate object. It contains the index
and value of all the items of list as a tuple.
len()
Return the length (the number of items) in the
list.
list()
Convert an iterable (tuple, string, set,
dictionary) to a list.
max() Return the largest item in the list.
min() Return the smallest item in the list
sorted()
Return a new sorted list (does not sort the list
itself).
sum() Return the sum of all elements in the list.

8. M Vishnuvardhan
Tuple
A tuple is a collection which is ordered and unchangeable. Tuples are written
with round brackets. Tuple items are ordered, unchangeable, and allow duplicate
values. Tuple items are indexed
Eg: fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")
Tuples can be empty or can have different types or can have duplicates
Eg: names=()
values=(10,”ramu”,35.369,False)
numbers=(10,20,30,10,20,30,10,20,30)

9. M Vishnuvardhan
List VS Tuple
LIST TUPLE
Lists are mutable Tuples are immutable
Implication of iterations is Time-
consuming
The implication of iterations is
comparatively Faster
The list is better for performing
operations, such as insertion and
deletion.
Tuple data type is appropriate for
accessing the elements
Lists consume more memory
Tuple consume less memory as compared
to the list
Lists have several built-in methods
Tuple does not have many built-in
methods.
The unexpected changes and errors
are more likely to occur
In tuple, it is hard to take place.

10. M Vishnuvardhan
Tuple – Indexing
To access the elements in the Tuple index is used. Index is an integer representing
the position of the element in the List. Index always starts from 0 and ends at n-1
Eg: names = ("apple", "banana", "cherry“)
names[0] #apple is returned
names[4] # Index error
names[1.5] # Type Error
Python allows negative indexing i.e., -1 refers the last item and -2 represents the
last but so on.. (starts at -1 and goes up to –n)
names[-1] # cherry is retuned
names[-6] # Index error

11. M Vishnuvardhan
Tuple – Slicing
Slicing operator (:) is used to get range of indexes. When specifying a range, the
return value will be a new Tuple with the specified items.
Syntax tupleName [ start : end ] # start is inclusive and end is exclusive
Eg:fruits=("apple","banana","cherry","orange","kiwi","melon","mango")
fruits[2:5] # returns (“cherry”,”orange”,”kiwi”) # 5 is not included
If start is skipped then returns items from beginning, If end is skipped then
returns items till end .Slicing allows negative indexing also
fruits[-6:-3] # returns ("banana","cherry","orange")

12. M Vishnuvardhan
Tuple – Basic Operations
Python Expression Results Description
len((1, 2, 3)) 3 Length
(1, 2, 3) + (4, 5, 6) (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) Concatenation
('Hi!’)* 4 ('Hi!', 'Hi!', 'Hi!', 'Hi!’) Repetition
3 in (1, 2, 3) True Membership
for x in (1, 2, 3):
print x
1 2 3 Iteration

13. M Vishnuvardhan
Tuple class methods
Method Description
count() Returns the number of times a specified value occurs in a tuple
index()
Searches the tuple for a specified value and returns the position
of where it was found
Tuples are unchangeable, meaning that you cannot change, add, or remove items
once the tuple is create. So no methods for appending, removing , insert elements in
tuple. del keyword is used to completely delete the Tuple

14. M Vishnuvardhan
Unpack Tuples
“packing” a tuple means assigning values to the tuple while creation
Eg: fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")
But Python also allows to extract the values back into variables.
This is called "unpacking“
Eg: fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")
(a, b, c) = fruits
print(a) #returns apple
print(b) #returns banana
print(c) #returns cherry
Note: The number of variables must match the number of values in the
tuple, if not, you must use an asterisk to collect the remaining values as
a list.

15. M Vishnuvardhan
Unpack Tuples
If the number of variables is less than the number of values, you can add an * to
the variable name and the values will be assigned to the variable as a list:
Eg: fruits=("apple", "banana", "cherry", "strawberry", "raspberry")
(a, b, *c) = fruits
print(a) #returns apple
print(b) #retruns banana
print(c) #retruns ['cherry', 'strawberry', 'raspberry']

16. M Vishnuvardhan
Built-in functions with tuple
Function Description
enumerate()
Return an enumerate object. It contains the index
and value of all the items of list as a tuple.
len()
Return the length (the number of items) in the
tuple.
tuple()
Convert an iterable (list, string, set, dictionary)
to a tuple.
max() Return the largest item in the tuple.
min() Return the smallest item in the tuple
sorted()
Return a new sorted tuple (does not sort the tuple
itself).
sum() Return the sum of all elements in the tuple.

17. M Vishnuvardhan