Design your application using Persistent
Graphs and OrientDB Luca Garulli – Founder and CEO NuvolaBase Ltd May 2012 29 - 30 in Cologne, Germany (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 1 www.orientechnologies.com

Usually NoSQL products are selected
because are fast and super scalable, but at what price? (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 2

Can you really renounce to
Transactions, an expressive Query language and all the features available for years by RDBMS? (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 3

Can we have a fast
and scalable NoSQL product with flexible schema, transactions, SQL, security and the support for complex types ? (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 4

The answer is OrientDB, the
document-graph NoSQL dbms (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 5

The answer is OrientDB, the
document-graph NoSQL dbms I never will change my RDBMS with anything! (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 6

Mission? Reduce to the minimum
the compromises on fitting the application domain to a persistent database supporting multiple models (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 7

OrientDB = { flexibility of
Document databases + complexity of the Graph model + Object Oriented concepts + fast Index + powerful SQL dialect } (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 8

+13 years of research (c)
Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 9

+3 years of design and
development (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 10

Relationships are direct links no
Relational JOINS to connect multiple tables Load trees and graphs in few ms! (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 11

Ø config download, unzip, run!
cut & paste the db (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 12

150,000 records per second (flat
records, no index, on commodity hw) (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 13

Schema-less schema is not mandatory,
relaxed model, collect heterogeneous documents all together (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 14

Schema-full schema with constraints on
fields and validation rules Customer.age > 17 Customer.address not null Customer.surname is mandatory Customer.email matches 'b[A-Z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+.[A-Z]{2,4}b' (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 15

Schema-mixed schema with mandatory and
optional fields + constraints the best of schema-less and schema-full modes (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 16

ACID Transactions db.begin(); try{ //
your code ... db.commit(); } catch( Exception e ) { db.rollback(); } (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 17

Complex types native support for
collections, maps (key/value) and embedded documents no more additional tables to handle them (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 18

SQL select * from employee
where name like '%Jay%' and status=0 (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 19

Why reinvent yet another language
when the 100% of developers already know SQL? OrientDB begins from SQL but improves it with new operators for graph manipulation (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 20

For the most of the
queries everyday a programmer needs SQL is simpler, more readable and compact then Scripting (Map/Reduce) (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 21

SELECT SUM(price) as prices, SUM(cost)
as costs, prices-costs, margin/price FROM Balance VS function (key, values) { var price = 0.0, cost = 0.0, margin = 0.0, marginPercent = 0.0; for (var i = 0; i < values.length; i++) { price += values[i].price; cost += values[i].cost; } margin = price - cost; marginPercent = margin / price; return { price: price, cost: cost, margin: margin, marginPercent: marginPercent }; } Luca Garulli (c) Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 22

Asynchronous Query invoke callback when
a record matches the condition doesn't collect the result set perfect for immediate results useful to compute aggregates (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 23

Enhanced SQL SQL is not
enough for collections, maps, trees and graphs need to enhance SQL syntax Easy syntax derived from JDO/JPA standards (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 24

SQL & relationships select from
Account where address.city.country.name = 'Italy' select from Account where addresses contains (city.country.name = 'Italy') (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 25

SQL & trees/graphs select out[label='friend'].in
from V where name = 'Luca' and surname = 'Garulli' select out[@class='knows'].in from V where name = 'Jay' and surname = 'Miner' traverse friends from Profile where $depth < 7 (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 26

SQL sub queries select from
( traverse friends from Profile where $depth < 7 ) where home.city.name = ‘Cologne’ (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 27

SQL & strings select from
Profile where name.toUpperCase() = 'LUCA' select from City where country.name.substring(1,3).toUpperCase() = 'TAL' select from Agenda where phones contains ( number.indexOf( '+39' ) > -1 ) select from Agenda where email matches 'bA-Z0-9._%+-?+@A-Z0-9.-?+.A-Z?{2,4}b' (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 28

SQL & schema-less select from
Profile where any() like '%Jay%' select from Stock where all() is not null (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 29

SQL & collections select from
Tree where children contains ( married = true ) select from Tree where children containsAll ( married = true ) select from User where roles containsKey 'shutdown' select from Graph where edges.size() > 0 (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 30

runs Java everywhere is available
JRE1.5+ ® robust engine (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 31

Language bindings Java as native
JRuby, PHP, C, Scala, .NET, Ruby, Clojure, Node.js, Python and Javascript (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 32

Is your language not supported
(yet)? Write an adapter using the C, Java or HTTP binding (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 33

Binary protocol Fast compressed JSON
over tcp/ip available for Java and soon C, C++ and Ruby (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 34

HTTP RESTful firewall friendly use
it from the web browser use it from the ESB (SOA) (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 35

Native JSON ODocument = new
ODocument().fromJSON( " { '@rid' = '26:10', '@class' = 'Developer', 'name' : 'Luca', 'surname' : 'Garulli', 'out' : [ #10:33, #10:232 ] }“ ); (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 36

Import/Export uses JSON format online
operations (don't stop the database) > export database demo (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 37

MVRB-Tree index the best of
B+Tree and RB-Tree fast on browsing, low insertion cost it's a new algorithm (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 38

Hooks similar to triggers catch
events against records, database and transactions implement custom cascade deletion algorithm enforce constraints (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 39

Security users and roles, encrypted
passwords fine grain privileges (similar to what RDBMS offer) (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 40

Cache You can avoid using
3°party caches like Memcached 2 Level caches: Level1: Database level, 1 per thread Level2: Storage level, 1 per JVM (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 41

Inheritance OGraphVertex (V) OGraphEdge (E)
Person Vehicle Works Resides Knows Address : Address brand : BRANDS since : Date since : Date till : Date Level : LEVELS Customer Provider totSold : float totBuyed : float (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 42

Polymorphic SQL Query OgraphVertex (V)
Person Vehicle Address : Address brand : BRANDS select from Person where city.name = 'Rome‘ Queries are polymorphics Customer Provider and subclasses of Person can be totSold : float totBuyed : float part of result set (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 43

Fetch plans Choose what to
fetch on query and vertexes/edges loading Vertexes/Edges not fetched will be lazy-loaded on request Optimizes network latency (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 44

Fetch plans Load only the
root vertex Vertex = *:1 Luca | | lives city +---------> Vertex ------------> Vertex | 10th street Italy | knows +--------->* [Vertex Vertex Vertex ] [ Marko John Nicholas] (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 45

Fetch plans Load root +
address Vertex = *:1 lives:2 Luca | | lives city +---------> Vertex ------------> Vertex | 10th street Italy | knows +--------->* [Vertex Vertex Vertex ] [ Marko John Nicholas] (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 46

Fetch plans Load root +
all known Vertex = *:1 knows:1 Luca | | lives city +---------> Vertex ------------> Vertex | 10th street Italy | knows +--------->* [Vertex Vertex Vertex ] [ Marko John Nicholas] (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 47

Fetch plans Load up 3rd
level of depth Vertex = *:3 Luca | | lives city +---------> Vertex ------------> Vertex | 10th street Italy | knows +--------->* [Vertex Vertex Vertex ] [ Marko John Nicholas] (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 48

Graph Database model Built as
wrapper on top of The Document Database Few simple concepts: Vertex, Edge, Property and Index (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 49

Why OrientDB is so special
on handling Graphs? Can I model a graph on top of a RDBMS? (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 50

A GraphDB has an “index-free
adjacency” mechanism to cross the graph without any index lookup (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 51

OrientDB doesn’t use JOIN but
the “link” to traverse millions of elements per second In Blueprints benchmark, with a hot cache, traverses 29,6M of records in less than 5 seconds = 5,92M of nodes traversed per sec! (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 52

2 different API OGraphDatabase Native,
damn fast, not the most beautiful API All APIs are compatible among them! So use the right one for the right case OrientGraph TinkerPop Blueprints, slowest but: common to other impls, Gremlin, SPARQL (via Sail) (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 53

What to choose? OGraphDatabase Native,
damn fast, not the most beautiful API OGraphDatabase if you need performance at any cost. Use it for massive insertion or low resources (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 54

What to choose? OrientGraph TinkerPop
Blueprints, slowest but: common to other impls, Gremlin, SPARQL (Sail) OrientGraph if you want to stay Portable at the cost of less speed and more memory used or to use Gremlin language, or as RDF store + SPARQL (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 55

TinkerPop technologies sort of “standard”
for GraphDB a lot of free open-source projects http://tinkerpop.com (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 56

TinkerPop Blueprints basic API to
interact with GraphDB implements transactional and indexable property graph model bidirectional edges (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 57

GraphDB & Blueprints API OrientGraph
graph = new OrientGraph("local:/tmp/db/graph”); Vertex actor = graph.addVertex(null); actor.setProperty("name", "Leonardo"); actor.setProperty("surname", "Di Caprio"); Vertex movie = graph.addVertex(null); movie.setProperty("name", "Inception"); Edge edge = graph.addEdge(null, actor, movie, "StarredIn"); graph.shutdown(); (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 58

TinkerPop scripting language easy to
learn and understand Used for operations against graphs (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 59

graph-example-1.xml (c) Luca Garulli Licensed
under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 60 www.orientechnologies.com

Load graph Run the console,
open the database and load a graph in xml format marko:~/software/gremlin$ ./gremlin.sh ,,,/ (o o) -----oOOo-(_)-oOOo----- gremlin> $_g := orientdb:open('/tmp/graph/test') ==>orientgraph[/tmp/graph/test] gremlin> g:load('data/graph-example-1.xml') ==>true gremlin> $_g ==>orientgraph[/tmp/graph/test] (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 61

Search Displays outgoing edges of
vertices with name equals to 'marko', then the name of inbound vertices gremlin> g:key-v('name','marko')/outE ==>e[6:0][5:2-knows->5:1] ==>e[6:1][5:2-knows->5:4] ==>e[6:4][5:2-created->5:0] gremlin> g:key-v('name','marko')/outE/inV/@name ==>vadas ==>josh ==>lop gremlin> g:close() ==>true (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 62

High-Availability Multi-Master replication Servers can
be heterogeneous with different replicated databases (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 63

Where is the previous OrientDB
Master/Slave architecture? (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 64

Mas only ter/sla recy .
Do no ve cle! t (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 65

After first tests we decided
to throw away the old Master-Slave architecture because it was against the OrientDB philosophy: (1) It didn't scale and (2) It was hard to configure (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 66

Console ORIENT database v.0.9.23 www.orientechnologies.com
Type 'help' to display all the commands supported. > connect remote:localhost/demo admin admin Connecting to database [remote:localhost/demo] with user 'admin'...OK > select from profile where nick.startsWith('L') ---+--------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+ #| REC ID |NICK |SEX |AGE | ---+--------+--------------------+--------------------+--------------------+ 0| 10:0|Lvca |male |34 1| 10:3|Leo |male |22 2| 10:7|Luisa |female |27 3 item(s) found. Query executed in 0.013 sec(s). > close Disconnecting from the database [demo]...OK > quit (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 67

OrientDB Studio/View graph (c) Luca
Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 68

Multi-Model use case (c) Luca
Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 69

(c) Luca Garulli Licensed under
a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 70

Always Free Open Source Apache
2 license free for any purposes, even commercials (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 71

Do y o Conta u
want to ct info be a @nuv partn olaba er? se.co Prof€$$ional m $€rvic€$ directly by NuvolaBase Ltd or partners support, training, consulting, mentoring (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 72

OrientDB OrientDB for Java developers
Master Development 8 hours 14 hours OrientDB OrientDB for SOA and the power of graphs 6 hours 6 hours OrientDB OrientPlanet for DBA for Web Developers 6 hours 6 hours (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 73

Certification Program to be part
of the network do courses share revenues for support work as consultant info@ Contact nuvo labas e.co m (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 74

“OrientDB in Action” book by
Manning Publications is coming: January 2013 (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 75

NuvolaBase.com The first Graph Database
on the Cloud always available few seconds to setup it use it from app & mobile (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 76

Luca Garulli Author of CEO
at Document-Graph NoSQL Open Source project Ltd, London UK www.twitter.com/lgarulli (c) Luca Garulli Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Page 77