![Fresnel [Pietriga et al. 2006]
8
Illustration from [Pietriga et al. 2006]
Content formatting
and additional
content"
Conte...](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/eswc2014-slides-costabello-140527061427-phpapp02/85/errortolerant-rdf-subgraph-matching-for-adaptive-presentation-of-linked-data-on-mobile-8-320.jpg?cb=1401171377)
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- 1. Error-Tolerant RDF Subgraph Matching for Adaptive Presentation of Linked Data on Mobile Luca Costabello
- 2. 2 Mobile Guide Museum Triplestore “Is it optimized for my tablet?” “Does it highlight practical information when I am on my way?” “Does it have a visually-impaired mode?” Example: An RDF-based Mobile Guide for Museums
- 3. 3 How to enable context-aware adaptation for Linked Data consumption? Research Challenges 1. Model context-aware presentation metadata? 2. Select proper presentation metadata at runtime? “Context” as in [Dey 2001]
- 4. 4 Modeling Presentation Metadata 1 Selecting Presentation Metadata with Error-Tolerant Matching 2 Evaluation 3 Conclusions 4
- 5. 5 Modeling Presentation Metadata 1 Selecting Presentation Metadata with Error-Tolerant Matching 2 Evaluation 3 Conclusions 4
- 6. 6 NAC Laakko Chen Zhang Chamaleon Butter Paternò MIMOSA CAMB Adipat COIN CSSMedia Queries PRISSMA (OurSystem) Linked Data support ✓ Context-awareness ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Standard Languages ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Runtime adaptation ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Multimodality ✓ Client-side only (for privacy preservation) ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Evaluation ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Adaptive Presentation Frameworks for the Web
- 7. 7 Presentation Frameworks for the Semantic Web Haystack Noadster Surrogates Declarative approach ✓ ✓ Domain Independence ✓ ✓ ✓ Standard Languages ✓ ✓ Context Awareness Automatic stylesheets Evaluation Distribution Multimodality ✓ Xenon Tal4Rdf LESS Hidethe Stack LDVM ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Fresnel ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ PRISSMA (OurSystem) ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
- 8. Fresnel [Pietriga et al. 2006] 8 Illustration from [Pietriga et al. 2006] Content formatting and additional content" Content selection and ordering" Styling instructions for fonts, colors, and borders" Presentation Metadata Vocabulary and Rendering Engine for RDF
- 9. 9 Our Contribution: Extending Fresnel with PRISSMA* Context PRISSMA Prism Context Description PRISSMA Context *Presentation of Resources for Interoperable Semantic and Shareable Mobile Adaptability
- 10. Extending Fresnel with PRISSMA 10 Context fresnel:Lens fresnel:Format fresnel:group fresnel:group Environment environment Device device User user ns.inria.fr/prissma fresnel:Group fresnel:purpose Fresnel PRISSMA (Our Contribution) Contextfresnel:Purpose Prismfresnel:Group owl:equivalentClass fresnel:purpose owl:equivalentClass
- 11. 11 Example A Prism for showing and styling titles and authors of paintings metadata accessed from inside the museum.
- 12. 12 :paintingPrism a prissma:Prism, fresnel:Group ;! fresnel:stylesheetLink <style.css> ;! fresnel:purpose :atTheMuseum .! ! :paintinglens a fresnel:Lens;! fresnel:group :PaintingPrism ;! fresnel:classLensDomain art:Painting ;! fresnel:showProperties (dc:title! dcn:author) .! ! :depictionFormat a fresnel:Format ;! fresnel:group :paintingPrism ;! fresnel:propertyFormatDomain dc:title ;! fresnel:valueStyle ”title"^^fresnel:styleClass .! ! :atTheMuseum a prissma:Context ;! prissma:environment :museumEnv .! ! :museumEnv a prissma:Environment ;! prissma:poi :museumGeo .! ! :museumGeo geo:lat "48.86034" ;! geo:long "2.337599" ;! prissma:radius ”200" .! Lens Format Context prissma:environment 2.337599 48.86034 200 :museumGeo geo:lat geo:long prissma:radius prissma:poi prissma:Environment prissma:Context :atTheMuseum :museumEnv A Prism for showing and styling titles and authors of paintings metadata accessed from inside the museum. Example:
- 13. Examples PRISSMA Browser for Android 13 Smartphone, user walking in museum town. Tablet, user at home. github.com/lukostaz/prissma-browser/
- 14. 14 Modeling Presentation Metadata 1 Selecting Presentation Metadata with Error-Tolerant Matching 2 Evaluation 3 Conclusions 4
- 15. Selecting Presentation Metadata 15 :smartphoneMoving :tabletAtHome :maleVisitorAtTheMuseum :actualContext
- 16. 16 Ambiguity Incompleteness Selecting Presentation Metadata is tricky Sensor Noise 2.32434 48.843453 :poi geo:lat geo:long 10 prissma:radius 2.337599 48.86034 5 :poi geo:lat geo:long prissma:radius :user1 "computers" foaf:interest :user1 "computer science" foaf:interest :user1 :Karl :Anita prissma:nearbyEntity :John :user1 :Karl :Anita prissma:nearbyEntity Prism Actual Need Error-tolerant matching
- 17. 17 Error-tolerant matching for RDF Graphs iSPARQL Silk Zou RDF-specific ✓ ✓ ✓ Data Heterogeneity Client-side Execution (for privacy preservation) Incremental index updates ✓ Selective matching cache PRISSMA ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Messmer ✓
- 18. Our Contribution: Adapting Messmer to RDF and Mobile Context Optimal error-tolerant subgraph isomorphisms based on graph edit distance. 18 • Atomic element might be a graph: Context Units • Core Context Classes • Entities • Literals • Geo • Time • Customized Cost Functions • Strings (Monge-Elkan) • Geographic (Haversine distance + Decay) • Temporal (Interval Inclusion + Decay) • Missing nodes 2.32434 48.843453 :poi geo:lat geo:long 10 prissma:radius Our Extensions: [Messmer et al. 98]
- 19. Prism Selection - Step 1: Decomposition (i.e. Index Building) 19 prissma:environment 2.337599 48.86034 200 :museumGeo geo:lat geo:long prissma:radius prissma:poi prissma:Environment prissma:Context :atTheMuseum :museumEnv prissma:Context 0 48.86034 -2.337599 200 geo:lat geo:lon prissma:radius 1 :museumGeo prissma:Environment 2 {3,1,2,{prissma:poi}} {4,0,3,{prissma:environment}} :atTheMuseum Context Units
- 20. Prism Selection – Step 2: Online Search Algorithm! 1 foreach context unit S in D do! 2 compute_subgraph_isomorphisms(S,GI)! 3 ! 4 while C(fcheapest)< T { ! 5 if S1 is Prism then! 6 R.add(S1)! 7 ! 8 foreach child of S1 do! 9 fchild= combine(fS1,fS2)! 10 }! 11 return R! 20 prissma:Context 0 48.86034 -2.337599 200 geo:lat geo:lon prissma:radius 1 :museumGeo prissma:Environment 2 {3,1,2,{prissma:poi}} {4,0,3,{prissma:environment}} :atTheMuseum prissma:environment 2.32434 48.843453 :actualPOI geo:lat geo:long prissma:poi :ActualCtx :actualEnv 10 prissma:radius C=0! C=0.34! C=0! 1. Compute context units isomorphisms costs
- 21. prissma:Context 0 48.86034 -2.337599 200 geo:lat geo:lon prissma:radius 1 :museumGeo prissma:Environment 2 {3,1,2,{prissma:poi}} {4,0,3,{prissma:environment}} :atTheMuseum Prism Selection: Search Algorithm! 1 foreach context unit S in D do! 2 compute_subgraph_isomorphisms(S,GI)! 3 ! 4 while C(fcheapest)< T { ! 5 if S1 is Prism then! 6 R.add(S1)! 7 ! 8 foreach child of S1 do! 9 fchild= combine(fS1,fS2)! 10 }! 11 return R! 21 prissma:environment 2.32434 48.843453 :actualPOI geo:lat geo:long prissma:poi :ActualCtx :actualEnv 10 prissma:radius C=0! C=0.34! C=0! C=0.17! C=0.09! T=0.6! ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ 2. Combine costs C < T --> Match!
- 22. 22 Modeling Presentation Metadata 1 Selecting Presentation Metadata with Error-Tolerant Matching 2 Evaluation 3 Conclusions 4
- 23. Evaluation: Memory Consumption 23 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 DecompositionItems Percentage of common context units Total decomposition Items Context Units (decomposition) Context Units (raw prisms) 0 5 10 15 20 25 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 Memory[KB] Percentage of common context units PRISSMA decomposition Jena Models
- 24. Evaluation: Response Time 24 If prisms are completely different if prisms are highly similar →
- 25. 25 Modeling Presentation Metadata 1 Selecting Presentation Metadata with Error-Tolerant Matching 2 Evaluation 3 Conclusions 4
- 26. 26 Limitations and Future Work Prisms Distribution: Linked Presentation Metadata. Modeling Presentation Metadata 1 Selecting Presentation Metadata with Error-Tolerant Matching 2 Evaluation 3 User acceptability evaluation campaign. Machine learning to optimize cost functions parameterization. Beyond Fresnel: support for other presentation engines Thanks. wimmics.inria.fr/projects/prissma @lukostaz
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