Boost your Oracle RAC manageability with Policy-Managed Databases

1. 2013 © Trivadis BASEL BERN BRUGG LAUSANNE ZÜRICH DÜSSELDORF FRANKFURT A.M. FREIBURG I.BR. HAMBURG MÜNCHEN STUTTGART WIEN 2013 © Trivadis Boost your Oracle RAC manageability with Policy-Managed Databases Ludovico CALDARA Oracle ACE, Senior Consultant Trivadis AG Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 1

2. 2013 © Trivadis AGENDA 1. Admin vs Policy Management 2. Server Pools 3. Databases and services 4. Practical tips 5. Conclusion Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 2

3. 2013 © Trivadis About Ludovico Caldara Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 3 ■ 14 Years DBA (started with 7.3.4) ▪ I do it everywhere (also on Windows) ■ RAC ATTACK Ninja & writer ■ IOUG RAC SIG Board member ■ OCP (11g, 12c, MySQL) & OCE ■ Moved recently from Italy to Switzerland ■ http://www.ludovicocaldara.net ■ @ludodba ■ ludovicocaldara

4. 2013 © Trivadis Trivadis is a market leader in IT consulting, system integration, solution engineering and the provision of IT services focusing on and technologies in Switzerland, Germany and Austria. We offer our services in the following strategic business fields: Trivadis Services takes over the interacting operation of your IT systems. Our company O P E R A T I O N Date Trivadis – the company

5. 2013 © Trivadis With over 600 specialists and IT experts in your region 5 11 Trivadis branches and more than 600 employees 200 Service Level Agreements Over 4,000 training participants Research and development budget: CHF 5.0 / EUR 4 million Financially self-supporting and sustainably profitable Experience from more than 1,900 projects per year at over 800 customers Hamburg Düsseldorf Frankfurt Freiburg Munich Vienna Basle ZurichBern Lausanne 5 Stuttgart Trivadis – the company Date

6. 2013 © Trivadis Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile Admin vs Policy Management 6

7. 2013 © Trivadis Admin-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 7  Database instances are statically assigned to servers RAC1 RAC2 HR1 HR2

8. 2013 © Trivadis Admin-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 8  Database instances are statically assigned to servers  To add nodes, several things are configured manually (add undo, redo, spfile, etc) RAC1 RAC2 HR1 HR2 RAC3 RAC4

9. 2013 © Trivadis Admin-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 9  Database instances are statically assigned to servers  To add nodes, several things are configured manually (add undo, redo, spfile, etc)  Then instances are added to the cluster and started $ srvctl add instance –db hr –instance hr3 –node rac3 (same for node 4) RAC1 RAC2 HR1 HR2 RAC3 RAC4 HR3 HR4

10. 2013 © Trivadis Admin-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 10  What if different databases are distributed amongst different servers? RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR1 HR2 CRM1 CRM2

11. 2013 © Trivadis Admin-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 11  What if different databases are distributed amongst different servers?  After a node crash you may have to reconfigure instances RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR1 HR2 CRM1 CRM2

12. 2013 © Trivadis Admin-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 12  What if different databases are distributed amongst different servers?  After a node crash you may have to reconfigure instances  This can be error-prone and time consuming RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR1 HR2 CRM1 CRM2

13. 2013 © Trivadis Admin-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 13  What if different databases are distributed amongst different servers?  After a node crash you may have to reconfigure instances  This can be error-prone and time consuming  Hint: Configure an instance per node and run as many as you want RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR1 HR2 CRM1 CRM2

14. 2013 © Trivadis Policy-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 14  Databases (not instances) are assigned to a server pool $ srvctl add database –db HR –serverpool HR –dbtype RAC RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR_1 HR_2 Pool “HR” MIN_SIZE=2

15. 2013 © Trivadis Policy-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 15  Databases (not instances) are assigned to a server pool $ srvctl add database –db HR –serverpool HR –dbtype RAC  Instead of adding instances, increase server pool size RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR_1 HR_2 Pool “HR” MIN_SIZE=4

16. 2013 © Trivadis Policy-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 16  Databases (not instances) are assigned to a server pool $ srvctl add database –db HR –serverpool HR –dbtype RAC  Instead of adding instances, increase server pool size  New instances are configured and started dynamically! RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR_1 HR_2 Pool “HR” MIN_SIZE=4 HR_3 HR_4

17. 2013 © Trivadis Policy-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 17  Databases (not instances) are assigned to a server pool $ srvctl add database –db HR –serverpool HR –dbtype RAC  Instead of adding instances, increase server pool size  New instances are configured and started dynamically!  Have you noticed the underscore? RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR_1 HR_2 Pool “HR” MIN_SIZE=4 HR_3 HR_4

18. 2013 © Trivadis Policy-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 18  With PMDs, you can assign priorities (Importance) RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR_1 CRM_1 CRM_2HR_2 Pool “HR” Pool “Customers”

19. 2013 © Trivadis Policy-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 19  With PMDs, you can assign priorities (Importance)  In case of node failure, servers are reassigned automatically, based on priority RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR_1 CRM_1 CRM_2HR_2 Pool “HR” Pool “Customers”

20. 2013 © Trivadis Policy-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 20  With PMDs, you can assign priorities (Importance)  In case of node failure, servers are reassigned automatically, based on priority  Critical services will have a guaranteed number of servers RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR_1 CRM_1 CRM_2 Pool “HR” Pool “Customers” CRM_1

21. 2013 © Trivadis Policy-managed databases Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 21  With PMDs, you can assign priorities (Importance)  In case of node failure, servers are reassigned automatically, based on priority  Critical services will have a guaranteed number of servers RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR_1 CRM_1 CRM_2 Pool “HR” Pool “Customers” CRM_3

22. 2013 © Trivadis Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile Server Pools 22

23. 2013 © Trivadis Generic and Free Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 23 RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 $ srvctl status serverpool Server pool name: Free Active servers count: 4 Server pool name: Generic Active servers count: 0 Pool “Free”

24. 2013 © Trivadis Generic and Free Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 24 RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 $ srvctl status serverpool Server pool name: Free Active servers count: 2 Server pool name: Generic Active servers count: 2 HR1 HR2 Pool “Generic” Pool “Free”

25. 2013 © Trivadis Adding a server pool Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 25 RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR1 HR2 Pool “Generic” Pool “HR” $ srvctl add srvpool -serverpool hr -min 1 -max 2 -importance 10 Server pool name: Free Active servers count: 0 Server pool name: Generic Active servers count: 2 Server pool name: hr Active servers count: 2

26. 2013 © Trivadis Converting DB from Admin to Policy Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 26 RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR_1 HR_2 Pool “Generic” Pool “HR” $ srvctl modify database -db hr -serverpool hr  DB is stopped and restarted as policy-managed  Need to reconfigure DB Control in 11g

27. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: The Trinity Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 27 MIN_SIZE MAX_SIZE IMPORTANCE

28. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 28 List Server Pools in order of IMPORTANCE Fill until MIN_SIZE reached Cluster START GENERIC Pool used? Fill until MAX_SIZE reached Assign to FREE Server Pool Fill GENERIC Pool User Server Pools? Assign to FREE Server Pool Steps performed by OCR Master node Y N Y N

29. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 29 RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 RAC7 RAC8RAC5 RAC6 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 5 Min 1; Max 3; Imp 2 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 8

30. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 30 RAC3 RAC4RAC2 RAC7 RAC8RAC5 RAC6 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 5 RAC1 Min 1; Max 3; Imp 2 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 8

31. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 31 RAC3 RAC4 RAC7 RAC8RAC5 RAC6 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 5 RAC1 RAC2 Min 1; Max 3; Imp 2 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 8

32. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 32 RAC4 RAC7 RAC8RAC5 RAC6 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 5 RAC3 RAC1 RAC2 Min 1; Max 3; Imp 2 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 8

33. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 33 RAC7 RAC8RAC5 RAC6 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 5 RAC3 RAC4 RAC1 RAC2 Min 1; Max 3; Imp 2 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 8

34. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 34 RAC7 RAC8RAC6 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 5 RAC3 RAC4 RAC1 RAC2 Min 1; Max 3; Imp 2 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 8 RAC5

35. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 35 RAC7 RAC8 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 5 RAC3 RAC4 RAC1 RAC2 Min 1; Max 3; Imp 2 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 8 RAC5 RAC6

36. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 36 RAC8 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 5 RAC3 RAC4 RAC1 RAC2 Min 1; Max 3; Imp 2 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 8 RAC5 RAC6RAC7

37. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 37 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 5 RAC3 RAC4 RAC1 RAC2 Min 1; Max 3; Imp 2 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 8 RAC5 RAC6RAC7 RAC8

38. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 38 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 5 RAC3 RAC4 RAC1 RAC2 Min 1; Max 3; Imp 2 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 8 RAC5 RAC6RAC7 RAC8

39. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 39 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 5 RAC3 RAC4 RAC1 RAC2 Min 1; Max 3; Imp 2 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 8 RAC5 RAC6 RAC7 RAC8

43. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 43 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 5 RAC3 RAC4 RAC1 RAC2 Min 1; Max 3; Imp 2 Min 2; Max 3; Imp 8 RAC5RAC6 RAC8 RAC7

44. 2013 © Trivadis Server assignment: explanation  Generic and Free pools have importance 0 by default  Servers cannot be claimed from Generic if Admin-managed databases exist  After moving to PMD make sure that old admin-managed instances are removed from the cluster Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 44

45. 2013 © Trivadis What-IF  CRSCTL: $ crsctl eval modify serverpool ora.crm -attr "MIN_SIZE=4,MAX_SIZE=4" –f […] Resource 'ora.hr.payroll.svc' (1/1) will be in state [OFFLINE] Server 'rac4' will be moved from pools [ora.hr] to pools [ora.crm] Resource 'ora.hr.db' (2/1) will be in state [OFFLINE] Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 45

46. 2013 © Trivadis What-IF  SRVCTL: $ srvctl add serverpool -serverpool bi -min 5 -max 5 - importance 10 –eval Service payroll will be stopped on node rac4 Database hr will be stopped on node rac4 Server rac4 will be moved from pool hr to pool bi Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 46

47. 2013 © Trivadis Policy Sets  For monthly payroll, HR needs more resources Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 47 POLICY NAME=monthly_payroll SERVERPOOL NAME=ora.hr IMPORTANCE=10 MIN_SIZE=3 MAX_SIZE=3 SERVERPOOL NAME=ora.crm IMPORTANCE=5 MIN_SIZE=1 MAX_SIZE=1

48. 2013 © Trivadis Policy Sets  For nightly billing, CRM needs more resources Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 48 POLICY NAME=nightly_billing SERVERPOOL NAME=ora.hr IMPORTANCE=5 MIN_SIZE=1 MAX_SIZE=1 SERVERPOOL NAME=ora.crm IMPORTANCE=5 MIN_SIZE=3 MAX_SIZE=4

49. 2013 © Trivadis Policy Sets  Create the policy set file from running values $ crsctl create policyset -file cluster_policies.txt  Modify the policy set file with an external editor  Reload the policy set file into the cluster $ crsctl modify policyset -file cluster_policies.txt  Activate a policy $ crsctl modify policyset –attr "LAST_ACTIVATED_POLICY=monthly_payroll" Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 49

50. 2013 © Trivadis Policy Sets  “crsctl eval modify policyset” not implemented yet  Cluster managed policy sets are mutually exclusive with QOS policies  No integrated way to switch policy: use CRON instead (or QOS!) Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 50

51. 2013 © Trivadis Child Server Pools  Divide Server pools in sub groups (child pools)  Cannot be created with srvctl, only crsctl  They do not work with policy-managed Databases!  You may try them and see funny errors!  Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 51

53. 2013 © Trivadis Database behavior: admin managed Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 53  Instances assigned statically: less agility (better control?) RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 HR3 CRM4CRM2 Pool “Generic” CRM1 WEB3 HR4WEB2HR1

54. 2013 © Trivadis Database behavior: policy managed Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 54  RAC Databases always span the entire Serverpool RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 CRM_3 CRM_4CRM_2 Pool “Mixed” CRM_1 HR_3 HR_4HR_2HR_1

55. 2013 © Trivadis Database behavior Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 55  RAC One Node can be deployed without problems RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 RCV_1 WEB_1BI_1 Pool “Mixed” CRM_1 ABU_1 BCK_1OE_1HR_1

56. 2013 © Trivadis Database behavior Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 56  RAC/RAC One node in the same or different pools RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 RCV_1 WEB_1 Pool “multi_node” ABU_1 BCK_1 CRM_2CRM_1 HR_2HR_1 Pool “one_node”

57. 2013 © Trivadis Database behavior  If you consolidate many databases, use Instance Caging to manage CPU contention (CPU_COUNT)  If DB are concurring also for other resources, implement QOS  QOS needs Policy-management and it’s the Oracle way to manage inter-database resources  For intra-database resources, Resource Mgr is the way  Multitenant consolidation + RM to manage PDB resources Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 57

58. 2013 © Trivadis Services Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 58  SINGLETON: assigned dynamically to a single node  UNIFORM: assigned to every instance in the server pool (not compatible with QOS)  srvctl add service -db CRM -service SALES -cardinality UNIFORM RAC3 RAC4RAC1 RAC2 CRM_3 CRM_4CRM_2 Pool “Mixed” CRM_1 SALES REPORTING FIN_READ

59. 2013 © Trivadis Services  Databases can be configured to span several pools $ srvctl modify database -db hr -serverpool "hr,crm"  But services can run only in ONE database and ONE pool! $ srvctl modify service -service payroll -db hr -serverpool "hr,crm“ PRKO-2003 : Invalid command line option value: hr,crm  Use multiple services in order to reach all instances if the DB spans multiple pools  Multiple services: use Resource Manager! Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 59

62. 2013 © Trivadis Crsctl output may be misleading!  Instances are volatile with PMD  Instances may be reported OFFLINE by crsctl or EM12c, that’s expected (it doesn’t mean I like it!)  This happens after pool shrink or RAC One relocations  Count the ONLINE instances instead, and expect to be greater or equal than serverpool’s min_size Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 62

63. 2013 © Trivadis Centralize the diagnostic_dest!  With local FS, you may not find the right instance, at the right time, on the right host  Use a CFS, e.g. ACFS if it’s available for your platform  ACFS? Then take care of resource dependencies Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 63

65. 2013 © Trivadis We love it!!  Server failures do not affect critical services  Very fast instance provisioning  Proven agility and scaling  Easy administration  Requirement for QOS and GDS (as of 12.1.0.1)  Oracle recommends it! Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 65 vistaICO.com

66. 2013 © Trivadis well… not always!  Some combinations of features don’t work  Can’t choose different cardinalities for services or DBs  Stopped instances reported OFFLINE when pools shrink!  EM12c is not always reactive when pools resize  Other features need attention when pools expand (GG, DG) Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile 66 vistaICO.com

67. 2013 © Trivadis BASEL BERN BRUGG LAUSANNE ZÜRICH DÜSSELDORF FRANKFURT A.M. FREIBURG I.BR. HAMBURG MÜNCHEN STUTTGART WIEN 2013 © Trivadis Thank you! Ludovico Caldara Oracle ACE, Senior Consultant Trivadis AG ludovico.caldara@trivadis.com Datum Ansicht > Kopf und Fusszeile

Boost your Oracle RAC manageability with Policy-Managed Databases

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