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5
Presentation / 总体介绍 4
Curators / 策展人
Ludovic De Vita / 吕多维克 德 维塔 6
Gu Zhenqing / 顾振清 10
Soukyoun LEE / 李素友 14
Participating Artists / 参展艺术家
Cyril Le van 18
Pierre Millotte 22
Laurent Da sylva 26
Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis 30
Li Qing / 李青 34
Li Songhua / 李颂华 38
Weng Fen / 翁奋 42
Ge Fei & Lin Zhen / 葛非 林缜 46
Jong Ku KIM 50
Sea Hyun LEE 54
Xooang CHOI 58
Credit 62
Contents
6 7
ARTOR ANOTHERPART?
变动的世界
国际政治、经济和文化关系转变了我们整
体和个体世界观的思考方式。在这里艺术
家对于这种相对于他人和整个世界的关系
的改变提出质疑,并选择了在艺术创作中
与这个主题相互动。
一个跨文化的艺术项目
通过艺术来谈论跨文化,经常会回到文化
差异的存在和能够共存等老生常谈上。
《这/那,变动的世界》项目希望通过促进
三方之间的实际接触,让他走得更远些。
这种现实的交流本身成为了一个思考的载
体。
移动的概念
通过思想的交流,建立起用于这个展览的
一个共同的话题和研究领域,这里充满
了移动的概念。策展人从这到那的实际沟
通,共同工作,才能够真正呈现出这个展
览。
亲自碰面,与每个人就他的艺术策展方式
进行辩论,这是策展人Ludovic De Vita、
顾振清和Soukyoun LEE首先要做的事情,
策展人通过充分沟通来找到共同领域和每
个人的特殊角度,选择与展览概念相符合
的艺术家及作品。
在策展人的交流中,一些问题总是萦绕在
他们的头脑中:我们的自身文化有什么样
的涵义?每位艺术家基于自身文化背景的
艺术创作又会带来什么样的共通性?
这个展览最初的想法是希望创造一个每个
国家的艺术家、文化机构和公众沟通交流
的机会。旨在建立一个不同的文化机构之
间的桥梁,反映国际文化现象,加深彼此
的联系,并且拥有更广泛的更多样的观展
群。
通过在中国、韩国和法国的巡回展出,建
立项目可持续性的必要联系,并且根据参
与者的增加和变化进行调整更改。
一个长远艺术项目
这个展览的未来方向为如何扩大他的理念
范围和艺术家的地理范围。
未来后续的展览将呼吁其他亚洲和欧洲国
家的参与,将艺术领域与其他学科,如艺
术批评、艺术哲学等放在一起,来做一个
以展览为中心的艺术交流活动。
同时可以帮助艺术家之间建立联系,在工
作室共同创作作品,人的移动代替单纯的
作品运输,也从另一方式上回应了《the
world in motion》的主题。
《这/那,变动的世界》当代艺术展提供了一个发现中、法、韩三种
艺术观点的机会,并且在这第一次的展出中试图建立一个当代艺术思
考的全景画面。
World in motion
The internationalization of politics, economics and culture is transforming the way we
understand both the world as a whole and our own existence within it. The manner in
which our social bonds are shifting is questioned by artists who have been selected for
the relevance of their insights into this theme.
An intercultural project
Interculturalism is often reduced to the acknowledgment of different co-existing cultures.
The Here-There project tries to go further by using a tripartite relationship which faci-
litates real exchanges between participants. The dialogue may begin to emerge as a
vehicle for reflection.
Here-There. The World in Motion offers the chance to discover the views of French, Chinese and Koreans
artists. They have gathered for this first edition to try to construct a panorama of contemporary artistic thinking.
Future editions: the road ahead
The challenge for future editions is to broaden
the geographic scope of the exhibition.
Subsequent editions will seek to involve more
Asian and European countries in the initiative,
expanding its interaction with other disciplines
such as art criticism and philosophy, to offer a
cycle of conferences interacting with the itinerant
exhibition
Through workshop-style interactions, the artists
will be able to formulate and renew concepts of
the central theme; “world in motion”.
The concept of itinerancy
It is on this issue that an intellectual exchange esta-
blishes a common theme and areas of research for
the development of this exhibition. Through this, the
concept of itinerancy is understood.
Through their initial meetings and debates, the exhibi-
tion curators, Ludovic De Vita, Gu Zhenqing & Soukyoun
LEE, were able to distinguish a global and yet specific
space for each artist.
These debates were fueled by recurring questions such
as:
What is meaningful according our cultural roots?
What can be understood as contemporary art in each of
the curator’s own cultural environments?
Its ambition is clearly to build a kind of relay among the
different cultural players by reflecting somehow the in-
ternational cultural fabric.
The project initiates a meeting of artists, cultural institu-
tions of viewers from each of the participating countries.
It aims to establish a bridge between different cultural
institutions, to be reflective of the cultural fabric and
deepen international ties, to expand the proposal to a
wider and more diverse audience.
By roaming from China to Korea and France, this itine-
rant exhibition is creating new opportunities for artistic
exchange and constantly reinvigorating itself.
8 9
La sélection des artistes français a été fondée sur
un rapport critique au monde contemporain, mettant
en évidence les transformations de notre rapport à
l’autre, à soi-même du fait d’une standardisation des
usages et des modes de consommation.
Les artistes français présentés pour cette exposition
défendent chacun à leur manière un concept intera-
gissant parfaitement avec ce monde en mouvement,
en mutation, que nous cherchons ici à cerner. Par
le biais d’une distanciation les artistes français pro-
posent ici une critique ou un constat de la situation
actuelle ou de certaines de ces situations. Ils rendent
compte des codes culturels s’imprégnant l’un l’autre,
dénoncent les valeurs économiques et marchandes
instituées comme valeurs de réussite et d’apparte-
nance sociale, proposent de reformuler la place de
l’homme au cœur de ces modes de consommation
et de perception.
J’ai pu dans le cadre de la préparation conjointe de
ce projet m’entretenir directement avec Gu Zhenqing
et Soukyoun LEE. C’est à partir de ces échanges
que les artistes français ont pris leur légitimité au-
près des différentes propositions des artistes chinois
et coréens.
Les artistes chinois que Gu Zhenqing a sélectionnés,
apportent d’une manière bien différente une relation
directe au politique en entretenant un dialogue entre
la Chine et le reste du monde.
Les artistes coréens sélectionnés par Soukyoun LEE
ont cette capacité métaphorique de reformuler, sur la
base de concepts forts, des images en miroir de l’état
du monde actuel.
Il fallait bien être trois pour arriver à représenter une
telle diversité ; il fallait bien, en tant que commissaire,
être soi-même conscient de son appartenance cultu-
relle et de pouvoir la déterminer pour que cette mise
en relation des artistes prenne tout son sens. D’un
commissaire à l’autre, des conceptions différentes
de l’art ont émergé, énonçant un autre champ de
réflexion à celui amené par les artistes. Quel est la
relation du commissaire d’exposition avec ce qui est
reconnu comme art dans son propre pays et qu’est-
ce qui aura valeurs et intérêts auprès des autres
pays représentés ? Qu’est-ce qui peut, au-delà des
appartenances culturelles, créer un champ de ré-
flexion pour tous ?
C’est par ces interrogations issues de cette expé-
rience multiple que nous pouvons convoquer la no-
tion d’interculturalité active qui a été mise en jeu pour
la création de cette exposition et qui, je l’espère, sera
appréciée par le public.
Ludovic De Vita
The selection of French artists has been
based on their critical view of the contem-
porary world, highlighting the transforma-
tion of social relationships due to the ho-
mogenization of lifestyles and modes of
consumption.
The French creators presented here are
each standing up for concepts which illumi-
nate this ever-changing world. They offer
us a detached view of a range current si-
tuations. They report on the cultural codes
absorbing one another, denounce the pri-
macy of the market and propose to reposi-
tion the human being at the heart of these
trends in perception and consumption.
Throughout the joint preparation of this
project I have been speaking directly with
Gu Zhenqing and Soukyoun LEE. It is from
these exchanges that French artists have
established their legitimacy adopting va-
rious suggestions from the Chinese and
Korean artists.
The Chinese artists selected by Gu Zhen-
qing, provide a very distinct view of the po-
litical dialogue between China and the rest
of the world.
The artists selected by Korean curator
Soukyoun LEE have the ability to refor-
mulate, through images, metaphorical
concepts of the modern world.
To represent diversity, three curators were
required and I had to be acutely aware of
the cultural backgrounds of each of my
co-curators in order to build meaningful
cooperation. As each of three of us has a
unique conception of what art is, our in-
tricate thoughts have provided questions
quite different from those of the artists.
What is the nature of the relationship
between a curator and what is acknowle-
dged as art in his home country?
How will it be understood in the other re-
presented countries?
What could possibly unite, beyond any
cultural roots, everyone in mutual reflec-
tion?
Through the deliberations initiated by
this protean experience, we are invoking
the notion of active interculturalism. This
concept is at the crux this exhibition and
we hope that it will be appreciated by the
viewer.
Ludovic De Vita
French Curator / 法国策展人
Ludovic De Vita / 吕多维克 德 维塔
Curator, On gallery President / 策展人, On gallery 馆长
法国艺术家的选择是基于一种对当代世界的批判
关系,凸显了现实世界对于消费模式、使用标准
等问题的影响和方式的转变。
参展的法国艺术家每个人都用自己的方式来捍卫
这个与世界完全互动、彼此关联的理念,这也是
我们在这里要阐述的主题。通过完全置身事外的
方式,法国艺术家在这里展现的或者是现实的批
判或者仅仅是现实呈现。他们意识到文化的符号
彼此浸染,他们谴责经济价值、市场价值作为社
会成功和社会地位的唯一标准,建议在消费模式
和思想观念的核心处找到人类本体的位置。
在策展工作中,我与中方策展人顾振清和韩方策
展人Soukyoun LEE有很多直接接触。在这些交
流的基础上,从中、韩艺术家的方案差异上,法
国艺术家更明确了自己方案的方向。
顾振清所选择的中国艺术家,带来一种不同的与
政治直接相连的方式,来保持中国与其他世界的
对话。
Soukyoun LEE所选择的韩国艺术家都有很强的
隐喻能力,在背后强大的观念基础上,将图像作
为现实世界的一面镜子进行重新书写。
呈现如此多样性的艺术作品,必须要三个人共同
工作。作为策展人,应该意识到自身的文化特
点,并且能够确保艺术家之间的关联性是有意义
的。出自各个策展人之手,不同的艺术观点呈现
出来,同时也给他们带来了一个区别于艺术家的
另一些问题思索:什么作品可以代表他的国家文
化背景? 他会对其他参展国家带来什么样的价
值和兴趣?谁能够,在各自文化表象的基础上,
建立一个所有人共同思考的领域?
通过策展中沟通过程,我们可以说是跨文化的交
流创造了这个展览,我希望这个展览会被公众所
喜欢。
吕多维克 德 维塔
10 11
Le monde en mouvement
Les relations internationales politiques, écono-
miques et culturelles transforment notre façon
d’appréhender le monde dans son entier et notre
existence dans sa particularité. Ce phénomène
de modifications de notre rapport à l’autre et au
monde est questionné ici par les artistes, choi-
sis pour l’interaction de leur recherche avec cette
thématique.
Un projet interculturel
Parler d’interculturalité par l’art revient souvent à
énoncer seulement que des cultures différentes
existent et peuvent cohabiter. Le projet Here-
There tente d’aller plus loin en se basant sur
une relation tripartite et favorisant le contact réel
entre chacun des participants. Le dialogue peut
ainsi commencer à s’instaurer comme vecteur de
réflexion.
Le concept d’itinérance
C’est sur cet enjeu d’un échange de pensée qui
permet d’établir une thématique commune et
des territoires de recherche pour l’élaboration
de cette exposition que le concept d’itinérance
prend tout son sens.
Aller à la rencontre, débattre avec chacun sur sa
façon de s’engager dans l’art, c’est le travail pre-
mier qu’il a fallu à Ludovic De Vita, Gu Zhenqing
et Soukyoun LEE, commissaires de l’exposition
pour permettre de trouver le territoire global et
spécifique à chaque intervenant et sélectionner
les artistes qui entreraient en relation avec le
concept de l’exposition.
Cette échange fut nourri par les commissaires
en tentant de répondre à la question : Qu’est-ce
qui fait sens suivant nos origines culturelles et
qu’est-ce qui peut-être assimilé à une pratique
contemporaine de l’art en fonction du contexte
culturel de chaque participant ?
Here-There. The World in Motion propose de découvrir les points de vue d’artistes français,
chinois et coréens qui sont rassemblés pour cette première édition afin de tenter d’élaborer un
panorama de la pensée artistique contemporaine.
Le projet initie la rencontre des artistes, des institutions
culturelles de chacun des pays participants et des pu-
blics. Il a pour ambition d’établir un relais entre les dif-
férentes institutions culturelles; être à l’image du tissu
international culturel et d’en approfondir les liens, afin
d’élargir la proposition à un public plus nombreux et di-
versifiés.
Une rencontre effective par l’itinérance de l’exposition
en Chine, en Corée et en France qui permettra de
nouer les liens nécessaires à la pérennité du projet et
de renouveler concrètement sur le terrain l’engagement
des parties prenantes.
Un avenir pour les éditions futures
L’enjeu pour les prochaines éditions est d’élargir le
champ géographique de l’itinérance pour la concep-
tion et la représentation de l’exposition :Les éditions
ultérieures appelleront d’autres pays asiatiques et eu-
ropéens à participer pour faire de cette initiative un ren-
dez-vous renouvelant le projet et l’interaction avec le
projet
Appeler à participation différentes disciplines interagis-
sant avec l’art.
Proposer à la critique d’art, la philosophie de l’art de
joindre la réflexion en programmant un cycle de confé-
rences voyageant et interagissant avec l’exposition.
Un développement vers la mise en relation des artistes
par le biais de rencontres de type workshop seront le
point de rencontre pour l’énonciation de concepts re-
nouvelant et déclinant la thématique de ce « monde en
mouvement ».
French Curator / 法国策展人
Ludovic De Vita / 吕多维克 德 维塔
Cyril Le Van
Le travail de Cyril Le Van joue sur les apparences. En uti-
lisant la bâche imprimée qui véhicule communément de
la publicité, il transforme des objets tels que sacs, chaus-
sures de marques, vêtements sportifs en objet artefact,
dévalués de leurs originaux mais reproduits à l’identique
dans leur aspect.
Il vient poser la question de ce qui fait le produit et ce qui
fait l’œuvre qu’elle soit artistique ou commerciale. Il vient
mettre un doute la relation que nous entretenons avec ces
objets donnés à voir et à désirer. Il s’agit là également d’ex-
plorer une certaine forme d’exclusion, celle de l’accès à la
consommation à la fois comme besoin primaire au sens
vital du terme mais aussi en référence à un besoin d’ap-
partenance sociale.
L’installation met en relation des produits siglés et d’autres
issus de la récupération venant mettre en question les va-
leurs sociales et identitaires qui nous lient à nos modes de
consommation.
Pierre Millotte
Le travail de Pierre Millotte est centré sur l’espace et le temps.
Une part importante de ces œuvres est réalisée sur la base
de plans de villes schématisés sur lesquels apparaissaient,
en couleur, les rues où la personne, sujet du tableau, a dormi
au cours de sa vie dans la ville représentée.
Pierre Millotte réalise pour l’exposition le portrait de quatre
français, chinois et coréen dans leur itinérance entre leur
pays et la France.
Ces itinérances apparaîtront sous forme de tableaux chro-
nologiques :
Des surfaces-temps retraçant avec fidélité les mouvements
d’une personne au cours d’une année.
Travaillant en prise directe avec le réel, Pierre Millotte pro-
pose une abstraction du réel dans son mouvement, son es-
pace et son temps, représentée par une composition géomé-
trique qui donne à voir un portrait pictural des mouvements
d’hommes dans le monde.
Laurent Da Sylva
La globalisation est mise à l’épreuve d’un paradoxe. Dans
un premier temps, elle assure la présence de l’Autre en
le nommant et en le repérant dans son éloignement géo-
graphique et culturel (au risque parfois de renforcer un
sentiment identitaire). Dans un second temps, elle le saisit
comme la partie d’un tout.
La proposition de Laurent Da Sylva va éprouver un même
paradoxe en utilisant le son comme processus de déso-
rientation. L’installation « On dirait la mer » a pour but de
questionner de manière poétique et sonore l’altérité des
objets en ouvrant sur l’universalité de la perception face à
la contemplation de l’océan.
L’élément sur lequel se fonde le dialogue est le paysage.
Deux conceptions se confrontent : un point de vue occi-
dental où la nature est objet d’appropriation et de transfor-
mation, et un point de vue oriental qui favorise une interac-
tion permanente avec l’environnement, une recherche des
équilibres naturels.
Deux modèles de représentation se font face : l’Occident
se fonde sur la mimésis, la représentation illusionniste du
réel. L’Orient quant à elle transcende le réalisme.
Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis
Mettre un socle sous une sculpture lui donne valeur d’œuvre
d’art. Le socle, utilitaire au service de la sculpture a, au fil
du temps, parfois pris le pas sur la sculpture. C’est le cas
de « Socles », le projet proposé par Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis
sculpture composée de plusieurs socles, éléments qui d’ordi-
naire ne sont présents que pour mettre l’objet en valeur et lui
conférer son statut d’œuvre.
Le volume qui résulte de cet assemblage évoque le schéma
de construction d’une ville moderne, composée de bâtiments
de différentes tailles, de tours plus hautes les unes que les
autres. La disposition de ces socles vient mettre en parallèle
deux concepts d’architecture qui peuvent initialement sem-
bler s’opposer mais qui fonde par l’échange inter-culturel une
nouvelle apparence de l’urbanisme contemporain.
L’architecture asiatique, dont certains exemples datent de
plus de 2000 ans, a pour caractéristique l’emphase donnée
à la dimension horizontale, en opposition à l’architecture oc-
cidentale qui tend à privilégier la hauteur et la profondeur.
La sculpture « Socles » intègre l’échange culturel souligné
par l’architecture contemporaine, mais également l’échange
social réalisé entre le monde de l’entreprise et le domaine
de l’art.
Présentation des artistes françaisIntroduction à l’exposition Here-There. The World In Motion
12 13
国际交流语境中,最活跃的事件驱动力莫
过于文化的差异性,最难逆转的方向则当
属文化的趋同性。全球化条件下,任何流
行文化因素都可以独步天下。即便以全球
多元文化格局为前提,这儿的文化与那儿
的文化之间的巨大差异性,也可以通过异
国情调共享的模式加以消弭、烫平甚至遮
蔽。于是,世界是平的,也就被传说成世
界文化也在趋于扁平化,趋于同一性的整
合。
过去的中韩之间、中法之间,有着巨大的
差异性。历史上,中国、韩国和法国处于
两种不同的轴心文明圈,其文化影响力一
直随着政治霸权的变迁而此消彼长。所谓
东西方之争的陈年往事,基本上还是站在
现代性的权重立场上的一种文化偏颇。
当年的《马可波罗游记》,表达了欧洲人
立场的从这儿到那儿的一次观看、一次探
险。由于东方被设定为他者,非我族类。
于是,《马可波罗游记》也就成就了另一
本《爱丽丝梦游仙境》。他者的世界既可
能是仙境,也可能是魔界。从地理大发现
到整个殖民主义史的终结,充斥的是老
欧洲对欧洲以外的他者世界的巧取豪夺,
以及灌输、扭曲和霸权式的文化扩张、文
化同化。从这儿到那儿,常常误读在先,
自我体验和理解、分析在后。欧洲中心主
义要么贬低一切他者文化,要么就叫嚷黄
祸。黄祸的拟人化形象傅满洲医生和东方
主义学说体系互为参照,构成国际交流语
境中的一种复杂的历史背景。
但站在中国的立场上、站在韩国的立场
上,来看待历史上的西方,分析今天的法
国,则是另一个从这儿到那儿的概念。魏
源的《海国图志》打破了传统的夷夏之辨
的文化价值观,摒弃了自我中心的地理观
念,算得上是睁眼看世界的一个先例。但
其“师夷之长技以制夷”的功利主义目
的,只是开辟了近代中国向西方学习的一
种时代新风气。1866年,朝鲜王国与基督
教及法国军队的冲突,也是一种被动应对
的文化碰撞。从中、韩传统的这儿到所谓
西方的那儿,越来越表现为一种应对性、
学习型的文化交流。
民族国家兴起后,按国家区分的世界版
图,曾经彰显出近代史上的一系列问题。
但在当今的全球化语境下,随着民族国家
界线和国际分野的模糊化,现代社会及文
化在全球形成一体化态势,国家之间的差
异变得越来越不清晰。在冷战结束、经济
全球化时代不期而至的1990年代,中法之
间、韩法之间、中韩之间的多向文化交流
才在不断的重新界定中日趋互动化、日常
化。而不同文化中的他者观念也日益进入
日常交流的视野。韩流、中国和平崛起的
文化现象,成为国际交流语境的崭新的当
下背景。
全球化条件下,无论从哪个文化立场出
发,世界的这儿,与那儿,开始难分彼
此,难分伯仲。互联网条件下,国际社会
交流频繁,以致形成地球村的概念。从地
球的这儿到那儿,尚有文化差异,但差异
已经让人不新鲜了。一些习惯出席各种国
际场合的艺术家认为,从地球这儿到那
儿,他们最显著的感受居然是时差,而不
是别的!
当下国际语境中,全球一体化浪潮对于现
存的众多拥有丰富历史渊源和记忆的各种
文化传统而言,已然不可回避。无论世界的这儿,还是世
界的那儿,那些传统的文化力量普遍产生了一种更具全球
眼光的自我刷新和自我建构的诉求,积攒潜在的文化爆发
力。因此,无论中国、韩国,还是法国,各个国家的艺术
家提示不同文化传统各自的现实针对性,积极主动地应对
乃至把握交流语境,是摆脱文化传承的焦虑和妄想,实现
并强化有效话语权的一种策略。这种策略如上升到国际文
化战略,无疑是各个发达国家、发展中国家艺术家挑战美
国全球单边文化强权,推动多元文化主体性的塑造的一种
长远眼光。这会让更多人去独立自主地认知、反思国际上
不同文化原创力量提出的迈向理想社会的解决方案。
1989年在“大地魔术师”展览上,法国策展人马尔丹等人
从全球艺术的现实语境出发,较早地包容了不同文化背景
下当代艺术与现代艺术长期共存的观念。而中国、韩国与
法国的艺术家也在各个国际舞台上,通过日益强劲的国际
交流模式,分享了彼此的异国情调,也分享了彼此对现代
性的各自言说。于是,这儿、那儿,谁也不是中心,谁也
不是边缘。的确,在现、当代艺术日益成为艺术家自我体
验、或旁观他者的文化表征的同时。国际艺术圈也在成为
一个不同的他者与他者文化之间彼此权力角逐的场域。一
个全球化,终于变身为不同国家各自表述的结果。然而,
国际交流语境的发展惯性,在保留了求异存同的言说的同
时,却导致了更多求同存异的言说。在各个全球文化层面
上,终究,文化求同的权重性愈来愈强大。
那么,地球的这儿的一个艺术家,是否在那儿也生效?是
否一个艺术家走了全球化道路,闪现在全球注意力聚焦的
舞台,才能真正具有国际影响力呢?说到底,这还要看这
个个体艺术家所提出的当代艺术问题,在国际参照系上,
到底够不够前沿?有没有贡献性?
一些中、韩艺术家的创作,放在本国还很有本土价值,但
是放在国际当代艺术语境,由于其思路、表现形式与欧美
艺术家的既往作品“撞车”、雷同,好像就显得缺乏贡献
性。其实,艺术再现是有针对性的,是要解决不同历史时
期的现实问题的。艺术家身处的社会现实的上下文给了艺
术再现一再发生的必要性。这种艺术形式、方法的“撞
车”现象不一定存在直接的模仿,但在发生学上几乎是难
以避免的。那么,艺术家的价值,还是要看他是否站在问
题的前沿、是否具有思想的前瞻性和形式语言的独创性。
当代艺术的原创性存在着时间节点的问题,但时间上的第
一优先并不能决定一切,更不能决定社会的接受度。艺术
家在形式、语言上的创造,也有许多后发制人的例子。如
果一个更大的社会消费过程、或者图像延伸过程先接受
了“这儿”的你,虽然有“那儿”别的艺术家做的比你早
又与你的表达方式相近,但你也可以比他更生效。
从地球的这儿到那儿,只存在时差?
Chinese Curator / 中国策展人
Gu Zhenqing / 顾振清
Curator, artistic director of the White Box Museum of art,
"Visual Production" magazine editor / 独立策展人、白盒子艺术馆艺术总监、《视觉生产》杂志主编
在全球注意力和视觉消费面前,这儿,那儿,似乎已经被
整合为一体。无论在哪,谁精彩,谁就闪亮。
近年来,一直有法国艺术家远道来到中国、韩国参加交流
活动,也一直有中、韩艺术家远道赴法参展、短期驻留,
中韩之间也是如此。有时,艺术家们觉得把自己在本国创
作的作品直接搬来搬去展出,只是一种割断上下文的、生
硬的表达,结果也往往沦为一种勉强的、流于形式的交
流。于是,艺术家越来越重视就地创作。艺术家根据不同
地域的现实文化环境,做出不同的艺术应对,这是一种经
典的当代艺术方法。但是,这儿和那儿的文化差异性,似
乎不再有助于艺术家的创意激发和个性塑造。无论从这儿
去那儿,还是从那儿回到这儿,艺术家应景的活越来越
多。异质文化上下文的切换,已经越来越难以激发艺术家
的创新思维。往日高更在南太平洋小岛大溪地经历的成
功故事,也越来越难以重演。毕竟,地球的这儿与那儿之
间,彼此的文化变得越来越同构化了。
国际交流语境,正在变成了一个穿透所有文化差异的整一
化语境。这个语境所包容的是艺术家影响力的跨国输出和
全球传播。在此,艺术的原创性也遭到后发优势的致命狙
击。在国际交流语境中,地球的这儿与那儿的艺术家所比
拼的,已经不是创新的第一优先,而是影响力传播的第一
优先。于是,谁的国际影响力占了先机,谁就生效。谁的
言说越有国际性,谁就越生效。
无论是在这儿,还是那儿,一个艺术家必须面对的是国际
交流语境中的自我言说问题。如果你不言说,他人就替你
言说。他人的言说,无论多么客观,都是一种出自主观角
度的系统表述。因此,艺术家重要的是通过作品言说自
己,把他的话语纳入到国际交流语境,纳入到各种各样的
上下文来强调他的语义有效性。单单言说,只是让艺术家
获得某种意义的开始。但是,如果这个艺术家坚持独创性
和自主创新,他的思想、意义和价值就有可能变得重要,
就有可能真正进入历史。
今天的这儿、那儿,不同文化的差异性越来越小。不同文
化背景下的人面对的是越来越趋同的文化境遇。人与人之
间的沟通倒是变得更便利、有效了。让人忧虑的是,也许
有一天,从地球的这儿到那儿,只存在时差。那时,谁该
欢喜?谁该愁?
顾振清
14 15
In international exchanges, the most active force behind
events is the difference in cultures, while the most irreversible
force is the process of assimilation. Under globalization, eve-
ry popular culture element can explain itself. Even when kee-
ping multi-culturalism in mind, the huge difference between
the culture ‘here’ and the culture ‘there’ can be eclipsed,
overshadowed, and averted, under the notion of the “appre-
ciate the exotic”. As the world goes flat, so does its culture.
There are significant differences between the Sino-French
and Sino-Korean relationships. Historically, China, Korea,
and France have developed from different civilizations and
cultural traditions. France’s cultural influence on both went up
and down as their political influence grew and declined. The
cliché perspectives about the East and the West reflect a bias
approach of competition between different political powers.
“Travels of Marco Polo”, the 13th-century travelogue, is an
adventure narrative, a preview from the European perspec-
tive on what is “from here to there”. The East is defined as
“the other”, something that is not “us”. It is indeed another
version of “Alice in Wonderland”. The world of “the other” can
be a paradise or an underworld. From the Age of Discovery
to the end of colonialism, the world is filled with examples
of exploitation, distortion of the local cultures, cultural inva-
sions, and forceful cultural assimilation from old Europe. The
tendency is to be led by stereotypes first, and only draw on
actual experience and analysis later. European-centrism ei-
ther depreciates all other cultures, or designates them as di-
sasters (for example using the term “Yellow Terror”). It is the
iconography of Dr. Fu Manchu, together with this process of
Orientalism, that forms a complex historical background for
international exchanges.
But from China and Korean’s perspective, to examine the
West’s history, to analyze today’s France, is a different
concept of “from here and there”. The author of “Illustrated
Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms”, Wei Yuan, is the first
person to see the world with open eyes, to break through the
dualism of the East and the West, and to discard the idea
China had as the “Middle Kingdom”. Based on pragmatism,
his theory of learning the advanced technologies from the
West in order to resist the invasion from the West opened
up a new perspective in Chinese at the time. A similar history
can be found in Korean; in 1866, the conflict between Korea
and the French troops and Christians can be seen as a cultu-
ral conflict, with Korean reacting passively. More and more,
the idea of “here and there” was manifested as a student-
teacher type of exchange, especially for China and Korea.
Since the creation of the concept of a “nation”, the map of the
world has been divided between the territories of countries,
and from these divisions come the problems of the last 100
years. But recently globalization seems to have blurred the
boundaries between nations. Following the end of the Cold
War, globalization has developed unexpectedly, and ex-
changes in various levels between China and France, and
between China and Korea have stabilized after centuries
of continuous change. The idea of “the other” in different
cultures has merged more and more into daily life for the
Chinese. The peaceful rise of China and Korea has gradually
become the new context for international exchanges.
No matter which cultural context one wants to use to see the
world, globalization and the Internet have turned our earth
into a global village with increasing international exchanges.
From one place to another around the earth, there should
be difference, but now there is not anything new. Some in-
ternational artists even express that time-zones differences
are the most distinguishing event they experience when they
travel from one place to another.
For many cultures with rich, ancient histories and memories,
how to engage with the forces of globalization is an inevitable
challenge. Coming from a more open-minded and internatio-
nal vision, these lengthy civilizations drive towards consis-
tent renewal and the construction of new identities. They are
consolidating their cultural influence and inner strength.Artists
from China, Korea, and France, as well as other countries, all
address specific social issues, moving towards their unique
realities and cultural histories. This approach signals the vital
initiative in generating and disseminating new discourse. It is
an artistic strategy to avoid or settle both anxiety and illusion
when facing a national cultural heritage. When this artistic
strategy is adopted politically, it will become a long-term stra-
tegy for both developed and developing countries in sculpting
their own multi-culturalism, and provide a challenge to Ame-
rican’s singular culture hegemony. It will help more people to
be self-aware, and to think independently and critically about
possible solutions to social challenges provided by different
cultures.
In the exhibition “Magiciens de la terre”, as one of the few
shows with an international vision, French curator Jean-Hu-
bert Martin, presents the idea of contemporary art and mo-
dern art co-existing within a multi-cultural context. Artists
from China, Korea, and France started to share this interna-
tional stage, appreciating each others “exotic” offerings and
commentaries on modernity. Within this context no one is at
center and no one is at margins. When contemporary and
modern art becomes an cultural expression from artists as in-
siders or observers, the international art scene is transformed
into a competition for power between the different kinds of
“others”. Globalization is turning into a self-explanatory event
for different nations and cultures. However, the previous po-
litical mode of sharing still has influence, resulting in us focu-
sing more on how we are the same, rather than on how we
are different. Overall, assimilation dominates over difference.
Will an artist that comes from this side of the world make
sense in contexts different than his/her own culture? What is
the real international influence? Should one globalize oneself
and make a quick but strong presence in the international art
scene? I think it is about how innovative and visionary the
artwork is in dealing with contemporary issues.
Some art works by Chinese and Korean artists work well
when they are shown within their own culture, but they lack
innovation and uniqueness when they are transported into a
more international context (mostly because their expression
or concepts don’t look similar to their counterparts in Europe
and the States). Art needs to be specific, and needs to target
specific realities within its historic period. Context offers art a
reason to be presented or represented. I don’t think similar
approaches in art adopted by different artists are necessarily
intentional copying, but it seems the odds are there. The va-
lue an artwork lies in how well it challenges the most urgent
issues with a visionary and unique approach. When it was
made, who was the first person to make it; these questions
help us to see if a particular work is the most innovative. But
the advantage of being the first person doesn’t mean eve-
rything, the acceptance of the public is important as well. We
see many examples of artists managing to achieve impor-
tance by adopting other artist’s inventions, and refining or im-
proving them. Artists who come from a bigger range of culture
influences may enjoy more notoriety in claiming certain styles
or approach compared with artists from less diverse cultural
environments (even though the later might have achieved the
earlier artistic innovation).
In the face of the global consumerism and an attention-orien-
ted economy, is the here or there mingling together? No mat-
ter where you are, if you are good enough, you will shine
through.
More and more frequently French artists are coming to China
and Korea for cultural exchange, and at the same time,
Chinese and Korean artists travel to France for residencies
and exhibitions (and these exchanges occur between China
and Korea as well). In some cases, artists deliberately move
their art between countries without concern that the cultural
Between the “Here and There”, are Time-Zones the only Difference Left ? contexts might have shifted by this the change in locations.
I see this as a blunt and forceful form of exchange. That is
why more and more artists tend to use residency programs
to develop exhibitions. Joining residencies to make work has
proved to be a fundamental way of creating art that is res-
ponsive to a specific location. But it seems the shift in lo-
cations is becoming less and less helpful in inspiring artists
because of the lack of difference between places. Art events
are presented everywhere and they tend to have only minor
differences in appearance. Gauguin’s story of fleeing to the
tropics to escape European civilization, will not work well in
today’s world.
The context for international exchange is becoming a trans-
cultural and unified context, and the important content of this
context is communication influence (how powerful, how fast,
and how wide the influence can be). That is why the origina-
lity of art creation is threatened by the hierarchy influence.
When artists from here are competing with artists from there,
it is no longer a competition of “who invent what first”. It is a
competition of who resides in the culture that has the most
powerful communication system to influence other cultures.
The one that is strategically placed internationally and has
best position to influence others, will be considered the most
valid and powerful.
No matter where you are, an artist will be challenged by the
issue of “who gets to explain your work”. If you remain si-
lence, others will speak on your behalf. No matter how ob-
jective others try to be, they are still providing their own view
(other than the artist’s). That is why artists need to make
works that talk for themselves, and place themselves into an
international forum where different contexts can come into
play in establishing the value of their works. To be able to
explain and describe is only a starting point for artists, but if
they are innovative and persistent enough, their ideas and
value will gain importance through time, with the possibility of
becoming part of history.
As things are today, “here” and “there” are similar to
each other. People from different cultural background are fa-
cing very similar cultural challenges and agendas, and com-
munication seems easier and more effective. It concerns me
that possibly only time-zone differences are left between dif-
ferent parts of the earth. I don’t know which group of people
will worry, and which group will celebrate.
Gu Zhenqing
Chinese Curator / 中国策展人
Gu Zhenqing / 顾振清
16 17
Korean Curator / 韩国策展人
Soukyoun LEE / 李素友
Director of Curatorial Bureau of the SEOUL MUSEUM OF ART / 韩国首尔美术馆首席策展人
The title of the exhibition Here and There reminds us of Iliad and Odyssey; the former, saga of heroes conquering unknown
lands would mean ‘there’ while the latter, story of a hero returning home from years of wandering would fit for ‘here’. Therefore,
‘there and here’, reverse of ‘here and there,’ symbolizes ancient nomadic men and globalized modern society at the same
time. This, in turn, represents the history of human civilization; wandering for conquers in post-industrial and modernist era
represents nomadic world, and the globalized smaller world like in Odyssey’s imagination represents here.
As ‘here’ cannot exist without ‘there’, the two are in fact one same force that is being exercised in two opposite ways. No other
era in human history has witnessed such frequent moves of people, which brought forward the globalization and is itself a
globalization that makes more people cross the border more frequently. If rapidly-grown transportation and communication
industry represents nomadism and globalization, it is clear that the two are one but different concept. Like life and death, yin
and yang, day and night, or man and woman, the one cannot exist without the other. This truth refers back to the principle that
has long governed philosophy, religion and art both in the West and the East.
The exhibition Here and there aims to show how contemporary artists represent this perpetual moves and returns.
Body sculptures by CHOI Xooang shows what changes
the ‘here and there’ philosophy made to the body. Body
has been the most common but difficult object to interpret
differently, for too many artists have worked on it. It is even
dangerous to give new meaning to the body denying its
social and historic connotation. For example, changing or
damaging body with tattoo has been considered a severe
sin in Confucian tradition which treats body as precious
heritage from parents. Human body carries with it traces
of life and evolution both socially and biologically. It has
reacted and adapted to the changes of time. Body of a per-
son which has gone through changes with time is the very
life of the person. Traces of change carved in the body are
inherited to descendants. Moreover, body is aesthetic, for
it shows the standard of beauty favored by one nation of a
time. Voluptuous bodies are loved in some region and time
while thin figures are considered ideal in other region and
time. Whatever it would be, human body embodies subject,
social, historic and aesthetic values.
Therefore, artists must be confident enough in working with
human body to cast away doubts and hesitations. Choi
Xooang chose to work with human body, an anthropologist
subject of the globalized era, in order to present bodies of
our time. His bodies are captive to existing values; the more
they try to overthrow social convention, the more they get
trapped in it. Here, social value seems to mean industrial
and commercial value, or pornographic value that treats
human bodies as mere commodities. His bodies wish to
be heroes; however, in reality, they are old, bound at social
convention, or controlled against their will.
Excessive meaning and exposure of body often force the
artist to sacrifice the form and end with monumental ‘ugly
statues.’ In his bodies, wishes for beauty would mean ab-
surdity, and nostalgia for classic bodies of goddess or he-
roes would be mere foolish thought. The artist pities this
passive body that suffers as the meaning suppresses the
form.
Here and there then leads the viewers to the dark world
of Kim Jongku, where shadows of the future seem to look
back on the past. The artist illustrates the world seen by no
one so far. The artist, like poet of Plato, guides the viewers
to the world of idea with song, stormy wind, smelting fur-
nace, silence of autumn sky, or chilly wind of winter. To the
artist, ‘here’ is the present we are trapped in, and ‘there’ is
the remote past and the far-off future at the same time. Our
five senses, a legendary bird spreading its wings over the
four-dimensional time, embrace the world with one single
flap. Kim’s iron dust is a metaphor for time. Every his act of
grinding iron bar to dust, writing or painting with dust, and
installing and photographing dust is embodied in his lands-
cape that represents different time and space the human
race has gone through. Inside his landscape, time stands
still and controls our consciousness within the wheel of life.
To LEE Seahyun, the conflict implied in Here and there is
transformed to cultural homogeneity and heterogeneity.
He traces back to the frustration he encounters when the
unconsciousness rises into the consciousness and works
with this emotion. To the artist, all the reality he has to face
is sad destiny; two Koreas as well as cultural and politi-
cal reality he cannot resist has become daily reality and
thus forgotten from the consciousness. However, he gets
a shock when he suddenly faces the forgotten destiny or
the erased consciousness. This painful destiny fails to be-
come joy that transcends time and space; it only makes
the life bitter. When the space of his life is suddenly per-
ceived as that of others, reality becomes painful, and the
artist paints it with red color that represents strange but one
strong force. Single red color means that the artist is so
paralyzed with deep shock that he cannot move toward the
true ‘there.’ Belonging to neither here nor there, the eyes
of the sad wanderer seek new ways inside the labyrinth,
but it can never go beyond any given social and cultural
boundaries. This is the very cultural exchanges between
the nations, the two Koreas, and the East and the West.
To Lee Seahyun, other culture is always a stranger that
suppresses and threatens him. That is, the space of absurd
reality.
Soukyoun LEE
此次展览的标题《这/那,变动的世界》,让我
们想起了伊利亚特和奥德赛:前者,英雄征战
疆场的传奇引领我们追溯到“那时”的故事;
而后者,多年后英雄回归故里又将我们的视线
拉回到“这一刻”。于是,“那时与这一刻”
,颠倒顺序即是“这与那”, 既象征着古老的
游牧世界同时又象征着全球化的现代社会。反
之,它也代表着人类文明的历史,在后工业和
现代主义时代四处去征服所展现的游牧世界,
以及奥德赛想象中日益变小的全球化的当今世
界。由于“当下”与“那时”相互依存,二者
实际上是向相反方向作用的同一个力量。人类
历史上没有哪一个时代经历了如此频繁的人口
流动,并直接导致更多人口更加频繁流动的全
球化。如果说迅速增长的交通和通信业代表了
游牧思想和全球化,很显然,二者本为一体却
概念不同。如同生与死,阴和阳,日与昼,男
人与女人,二者相互依存。这一真相可以追溯
到长期统治西方和东方的哲学,宗教和艺术的
根源。本次展览取名为:这/那,变动的世界,
旨在显示当代艺术家如何展现这种永无休止的
运动与回归。
崔秀仰先生的人体雕塑展现的是“这与那”的
哲学思想在人体上的体现。用人体进行不同的
艺术表达是众多艺术家广泛采纳的做法,司空
见惯却困难重重。不考虑社会和历史内涵而赋
予人体以新的意义有时甚至是危险的。例如,
儒家传统认为身体是父母给与的宝贵财产,用
图腾来改变或损害身体是一个严重的罪过。人
体带有生命与进化的痕迹,体现了其社会性和
生物性。它反应和适应了时代的变迁。经历时
代变迁的人体才称得上人真正的生命。体内所
留下的变化的痕迹被子子孙孙所传承。不仅如
此,人体也具有其审美性。它显示了一个时期
内一个民族所青睐的审美标准。体态丰满在某
一时期某一区域内被人们所推崇;而在另一
时期另一区域内,人们认为理想的体型是纤细
和苗条。不论是燕肥还是柳廋,人体体现了主体,社会,历
史和美学价值。因此,艺术家在创造人体作品时必须充满信
心,摒弃怀疑和犹豫不决。崔秀仰先生选择了人体进行艺术
创作,来展现我们这一时代的人体。他的人体作品受制于现
有的价值观,愈是试图挣脱,愈是深陷其中。这里,社会价
值似乎意味着工业和商业价值,或者将人体视为单纯商品的
肉体价值。他的人体作品希望能塑造成英雄,但在现实观念
中,它始终是因循守旧、受制于社会成约,与意愿背道而驰
的。诸多的涵义和暴露的人体迫使艺术家牺牲了形式本身,
最终行成的是“丑陋的雕塑”。在他的作品中,对美的祝愿
变得荒谬可笑,对女神或英雄的经典的怀旧情愫成了愚蠢的
想法。艺术家十分同情这个备受压抑的可怜雕塑人体。
“这与那”将人们引领到了金钟久先生黑暗的艺术世界。在
那里回首过去之时似乎能预见未来的影子。金钟久先生述说
着一个迄今没有人看到的世界。艺术家如同诗人柏拉图通常
会给观众呈现出以动听的歌声,呼啸的暴风,燃烧的火炉,
秋日的静寂天空和冬日的寒风凛冽为主题的世界。对艺术家
来说,‘这’即指我们深陷的现实泥潭,而‘那’意味着遥
远的过去和难以企及的未来。金钟久用铁屑来暗指时间。他
将铁杵磨成屑,在他的风景画上用铁屑来书写、绘画、装置
和摄影,以此来展现人们经历的时间和空间。在他的风景画
作品里,时间虽然是静止的,却始终在生命的年轮中控制着
我们的意识。
对于李时焕而言,“这与那”在他的作品中表现为文化同质
性和异质性的冲突。在这里,他追溯了他在无意识变成有意
识的状况下曾遭遇过的沮丧,以及带着这样的情感他继续着
他的创作。对于这位艺术家而言,南韩与北朝鲜之间的政治
文化冲突是他每天都能接触到的现实,他也完全能够有意识
地在生活中遗忘这个冲突的存在。然而,当他突然面对着这
些被遗忘、被消隐的问题时,他还是震惊、痛苦。李时焕用
神秘而剧烈的红色来绘制这幅作品,这单一的红色表达了艺
术家在强烈的震撼面前软弱无力以至无法达到真实的“那”
。艺术家寻找着新的出路,但却永远无法超越特定社会和文
化的界限。这国与国之间,两个朝鲜之间以及东方与西方之
间的交流,让李时焕感觉,对方的文化总带来异样感、压抑
感,时而让人感觉是一个无法理解的荒谬的世界。
18 19
이수균, 서울시립미술관 학예부장
<여기와 저기Here and There>, 본 전시 제목은 ‘호머
의 ‘일리아드’와 ‘오디세이’를 생각나게 한다. 일리아드
가 낯선 세계를 정복하기 위한 영웅들의 모험담이기에
이것은 ‘저기There’에 해당될 것이고, 오디세이는 고향
과 집을 떠나 멀리 방황하던 영웅의 귀향 이야기이니 ‘
여기Here’가 어울릴 것이다. 그러니까 여기와 저기를
뒤집은 ‘저기와 여기’의 이야기는 과거 노메이드적인
nomadic 인간들의 상징이며, 동시에 글로벌화된 현재
사회의 상징이 되니, 다시 돌아보면 고대로부터 현재까
지 전체 인류 문명의 상징이기도 한 것이다. 즉 모더니
즘의 세계에서 밖으로 미지의 세계를 정복하러 떠돌던
시기는 바로 노메이드적인nomadic 세계, 바로 우리 인
류가 얼마 전까지 살았던 산업사회와 모더니즘의 세계
인 반면, 글로벌화는 세계가 좁게, 지구촌이라는 작은
공간 속으로 변모하는 것이니, 오디세이의 상상처럼 여
기를 지칭한다. 그러나 언뜻 보면, 두 개의 힘이 나눠진
것 같지만, 하나가 없으면 또 다른 하나도 존재할 수가
없으니 결국은 똑 같은 하나의 힘이 두 개의 정 반대되
는 방식으로 표출되고 있음도 알 수 있다. 그리고 오늘
날처럼 사람들의 이동이 잦은 적도 없었고, 이러한 잦은
이동으로 말미암아 세계화가 앞당겨졌으며, 나아가 이
동 자체를 세계화로 지칭할 수도 있다. 역으로 세계화되
었기 때문에 사람들은 더욱 더 대량으로 그리고 자주 국
경을 넘나들기도 한다. 게다가 급격하게 발달한 교통과
정보 통신 그 자체가 바로 노메이디즘nomadism과 세
계화의 표상이라는 것도 둘이 하나이면서 다른 것임을
더욱 뚜렷이 해준다. 그것은 다시 생과 사, 음과 양, 밤
과 낮, 여성과 남성처럼 하나가 없으면 다른 상대도 존
재할 수 없는 우주의 깊은 원리와도 같으니, 결국은 동
양이나 서양에서 오래 전부터 철학과 종교 예술을 주재
하던 깊은 사상으로 되돌아가고 있음도 부정할 수 없다.
이러한 움직이면서 다시 원래로 회귀하는 상황을 현대
예술가들은 어떻게 표상하고 있는가를 직시하고자 하는
것이 우리 전시의 목적이다.
최수앙CHOI Xooang의 몸은 우리 신체에 적용된 ‘여기
와 저기’의 한 변화를 느낄 수 있게 한다.
몸은 역사적으로, 세계적으로 가장 공통되고 다루기 까
다로운 예술적 소재이다. 왜냐하면 너무나 많은 예술가
들이 몸을 다뤄왔고, 그런 만큼 새로운 해석의 예술적
특이성을 드러내기가 정말 어렵기 때문이다. 또한 몸에
는 사회적, 역사적 고정 관념이 이미 강하게 내재돼 있
어 그것을 거역하고, 넘어서서 새로운 의미를 부여한다
는 것이 위험스럽기까지 하다. 예를 들어 유교적 전통에
서 몸은 부모로부터 물려받은 귀한 것이라 머리카락 하
나 함부로 다룰 수 없기에, 문신 등으로 몸을 변형, 훼
손시키는 것을 큰 죄악으로 여겨왔다. 사회적 차원을 넘
어 생태적으로도 몸에는 인간 진화와 삶의 흔적이 그대
로 남아 있다. 즉 인간의 몸은 시대의 변화에 시시각각
반응하고 적응해 왔다. 태어나 나이가 들어가면서 세월
과 함께 한 몸과 그 변화의 모습은 그 자체가 인간의 삶이기
도 한 것이다. 그리고 그 흔적은 무의식적으로 몸에 남아 후
대에 유전되어 내려간다. 뿐만 아니라 몸은 미학적이기도 하
다. 몸에는 한 시대와 민족이 아름답거나 이상적으로 여기는
미의 기준도 포함되기 때문이다. 풍만한 몸을 지향하는 시대
와 지역이 있고, 반대로 마른 몸매를 이상으로 삼기도 한다.
어찌 되었던 몸에는 우리의 주관적이고 사회적인, 그리고 역
사적이며 미학적인 의미가 담뿍 담기게 된다. 그런 만큼 예술
가가 몸을 제시할 때는 예술가의 확고한 신념이 모든 의구심
과 망설임을 제압할 수 있을 정도로 확고해야 한다.
최수앙은 글로벌리즘 시대에 범인류적 주제인 몸을 선택해,
현재 우리 사회와 전 인류가 겪고 있는 우리 시대 몸을 적나
라하게 노출한다. 그의 몸은 평범하고 어수룩해 보이면서 사
회적 통념을 거역하고자 하지만 그럴수록 더욱더 기존의 가
치 속에 갇히게 되는 포로로 잡힌 몸이다. 여기서 사회적 가
치란 산업적이고 상업적인 가치, 더 나아가 몸을 상품으로 취
급하는 포르노적인 가치가 아닐까? 항상 최고의 주인공으로
서 영웅이고 싶지만 힘없는 늙고, 낡은 가치에 찌들었거나,
자신의 의지와는 무관한 채 조종당하기도 하는 그런 몸이다.
그리고 의미의 과잉과 과도한 노출은 때로는 형태에 피할 수
없는 희생을 강요하고, 그 희생은 바로 기념비적 ‘흉물 조각
상’의 형태로 형상화되기도 한다. 그의 몸에서는 아름답고자
하는 꿈도 사치인양 느껴지고, 여신이나 영웅의 고전적인 몸
에 대한 향수도 어릿광대 짓에 불과하다. 의미가 형태를 제압
해버리는 그만큼 피동적인 몸의 고통이 절실해 보이고, 예술
가의 연민이 함께 느껴진다.
<여기와 저기>는 다시 시간적으로 김종구KIM Jongku의 검
고 어두운 세계, 미래의 그림자들이 과거를 응시하는 듯한 착
각을 불러일으키게 한다. 화가는 미쳐 아무도 보지 못했던 세
계를 그림으로 보여준다. 즉 플라톤이 시인에게 부여한 역할,
힐끗 보았던 절대의 세계, 이데아의 세계를 우리들에게 노래
로써, 때로는 휘몰아치는 폭풍처럼, 때로는 타오르는 용광로
처럼, 때로는 쓸쓸한 가을 하늘같은 조용함으로, 아니면 삭
막한 겨울의 삭풍으로 드러내 보여준다. 김종구에게 ‘여기’
는 우리가 지금 갇혀 있는 현재이고, ‘저기’는 아득한 과거이
면서 똑같이 아득한 미래이기도 하다. 우리의 오감은 4차원
의 시간 위에 거대하게 날개를 편 전설의 새가 되어 단 한 번
의 날갯짓으로 세계를 아우른다. 김종구의 쇳가루는 인류 시
간의 은유이기 때문이다. 철봉을 갈아 쇳가루를 만들고, 그
것으로 문자를 쓰고 그림을 그리며, 설치하고, 사진을 찍는
모든 행위들이 인류가 지나온 다른 공간들과 시간들로서 그
의 풍경 속에 한꺼번에 녹아 있다. 그의 묵직한 풍경 속에 정
지된 시간이 한없이 순환하는 윤회의 흐름 속에서 우리의 의
식을 주조한다.
이세현LEE Seahyun에게는 <여기와 저기>의 대립 각이 문화
적 동질감과 이질감으로 변환되어 형상화되었다. 그러면서
그는 의식하지 못했던 것이 순간 의식의 전면으로 떠올랐을
때의 당혹감을 회고적으로 거슬러 올라가, 다시 그 속에 전체
적으로 투신해보고자 한다. 그에게는 우선 남과 북으로 분리
된 한국의 정치적 상황, 또는 자신의 의지와 상관없이 주어진
모든 문화적, 정치적 현실이 뼈아픈 운명처럼 짓누른다. 그리
고 그것은 이미 우리의 일상이 되어 의식 속에서 지워져 버렸
다. 그리고 어느 순간 그는 지워진 운명과, 혹은 지워진 의식과
순간적으로 대면하며 충격을 받는다. 그것은 고통의 형태로 자
리를 잡고 시간과 공간을 뛰어넘는 환희로 전환되지 못한다. 오
히려 생의 질곡을 더욱 뼈저리게 느끼게 할 따름이다. 내가 살
고 있던 생의 공간이 한 순간 다른 것으로, 나를 받아들이지 않
는 공간으로 인식되면서, 여기도 고통스럽고 저기도 고통스러
운 현실이 되어, 낯설고 강렬한 하나의 힘인 붉은 색으로 채색
된다. 색이 분화되지 못한다는 것은 그만큼 깊은 충격으로 마
비가 되어 있다는 것이고, 그런 만큼 진정한 ‘저기’를 향하여 나
아가질 못하고 답답하게 갇혀버리게 된다. <여기와 저기> 어
느 곳에도 적응하거나 동화되지 못하고 모든 곳에서 국외자로
남아 있음으로 해서, 시선은 깊은 상실감으로 인해 길을 잃고
방황하며, 복잡한 미로 속에서 한없는 새 길을 모색하고 있다.
그러나 언제나 엄격하게 닫혀있는, 단정하게 선 그어진 사회적
범주, 문화적 한계 안에서이다. 그것이 이세현이 본 국가간의
문화적 교류이고, 남북의 왕래이며, 동서 문명의 세계화이다.
그에게서 타 문화는 여전히 이질적인 존재로서, 영원히 동화되
지 못하는 낯선 공기처럼 압박적이고 위협적이다. 한마디로 부
조리한 현실의 공간 개념이다.
Korean Curator / 韩国策展人
Soukyoun LEE / 李素友
20 21
Cyril Le Van 的作品表现表象这个主题。通
过使用印有广告的防雨布,对诸如手提袋、
名牌鞋、运动服装等物品进行复制,去除了
物品的原有价值,却复制了它们所具有的外
在特征。
艺术家所思考的问题是如何分辨物品的商品
性和它的艺术性?他在质疑我们对于所看到
和所期望的物品间的关系。
艺术家同时也在尝试发掘某种表现形式,能
够将物品的“社会归属性”,(即能够体现
人们的社会归属关系的性质),从物品的“
消费品性”(即作为生活必需品满足人们的
原始需求的性质)中剥离出来。
这个装置让人们思考与我们的消费方式相关
联的物品社会价值和特征。
Cyril Le Van / Second hand shop
Left page :
Sneakers Adidas, 2009
Printing on plastic canvas, staples, varnish, scale 1
Hand bag Vuitton, 2008
Printing on plastic canvas, sewing, staples, varnish, wire, scale 1
The work of Cyril Le Van plays on the appearance. By using wa-
terproof cloth printed with advertisements, he duplicates objects
such as handbags, brandy footwear and sportswear, devalues
their original values while keeping their appearances.
The artist works on differentiating the artistic value of a product
from its commercial value.
He is questioning the relationship between what we see and what
we expect. The artist is at the same time exploring new way of
expression, trying to take out the identity of social belonging of an
object, the identity that reflects people’s attachment to the society,
from its commercial characteristic, the characteristic of a life ne-
cessity that fullfill peolpe’s original demand.
This installation let us ponder on the social value and characteris-
tic of objects which relate to our habit of consumption.
ARTOR ARTEFACT?
22 23
Cyril Le Van
Cyril Le Van, artiste émergent de la scène
française, né en banlieue parisienne, s’ins-
pire de l’espace urbain et des stéréotypes
qui environnent le quotidien. Ces objets à la
fois sensibles et décalés questionnent sur les
paradoxes et les contrastes sociaux qui per-
durent à notre époque.
Dès la fin des années quatre-vingt, sa dé-
marche s’oriente vers l’espace urbain. Il
inscrit alors au pochoir des formes géomé-
triques rouges et jaunes qui deviendront sa
signature. Les marginalités sociales, écono-
miques et culturelles sont les territoires d’ex-
périmentation de l’artiste. Les images et les
objets qui peuplent notre quotidien sont au
coeur de son propos artistique.
Puisant ses thèmes dans la précarité et les
inégalités sociales, sa réflexion se matéria-
lise par la reproduction de symboles sté-
réotypés à l’échelle 1 : laverie automatique,
voitures, chappy, matelas de centre d’accueil
pour sdf, ainsi que des vêtements (vestes
de sport,maillots et baskets) utilisés comme
marqueurs sociaux.
Les objets produits et reproduits subissent
une série de détournements, d’altérations,
de modifications, qui au delà d’une simple at-
teinte à la représentation, révèle ce qui fonde
la nature même de l’image.
Ses oeuvres appellent à deux lectures:
La première est esthétique et ludique : l’ar-
tiste dévoile les qualités plastiques de ces
éléments du réel en soulignant leur beauté
et leur poésie.
La seconde est de l’ordre du constat et du
témoignage social et politique.
Chappy, 2009-2010
Printing on plastic canvas, 150x35 cm
Street wear, installation, 2009
Printing on plastic canvas, sewing, staples, varnish, scale 1
24 25
Pierre Millotte
Daniel A. , 2008
Acrylic canvas on wood, 130x38 cm
photo and text 20x20 cm
Anne-Marie T., 1951...
Acrylic canvas on wood 177x75 cm.
Pierre Millotte 的作品关注空间与时间
这些作品中很重要的一部分是在图形化和几何化的城
市平面图的基础上创作的。图上有彩色的街道;街道
上的居民——作品的主体——在他们的生命过程中,
在他们代表的城市中熟睡。
Pierre Millotte专门为《这/那,变动的世界》这个展览
创作了该幅作品。作品描绘了来自法国、中国和韩国
的三个人物频繁往返于各自国家和法国之间。
这些旅行以时间表的方式表现:这些“时间面”(sur-
face-temps)真实描绘出一个人在一年内的行程轨
迹。
Pierre Millotte的作品与现实紧密结合,他提出将现实
抽象化,以几何构成表现真实的运动、空间和时间,
其具体体现就是以地形图化的人像作品呈现人的运
动。
The work of Pierre Millotte focuses on space and time.
An important part of these works is made on the basis
of diagrammed city plans, in which appeared in color,
the streets where the person, subject of the table, slept
in his life in the city represented.
For the exhibition “Here-There. The World in Motion”,
Pierre Millotte will create portrait of French, Chinese
and Korean in their travels between their own country
and France.
These travels appear in the form of timelines:
The time surfaces faithfully retrace the movements of a
person during one year.
Working in direct contact with the reality, Pierre Millotte
offers an abstraction of the reality in its movement, its
space and time represented by a geometrical compo-
sition, which reveals a topographical portrait, pictoriali-
zing the movements of men in the world.
FREEDOMORCONTROL?
26 27
Pierre Millotte
Une couleur, un lieu, une date. Une
autre couleur, un autre lieu, une autre
date. De proche en proche, les couleurs
se fondent ou s’opposent, et sculp-
tent sur la toile non pas le corps d’un
individu, mais la mémoire de ses dé-
placements. Comme des biographies
picturales, Calendriers et Parcours de
vie traduisent en couleur la chrono-
logie des mouvements d’un individu.
Rouge Paris, Bretagne bleue, violette
Alsace, Corse orangée, la palette de
l’artiste renvoie ainsi à un découpage
géographique du territoire. Territoire et
réalité qui ressurgissent parfois dans
les documents pouvant accompagner
les tableaux : textes, photos des lieux,
portraits.
Ce souci constant d’inventorier et de
garder trace de nos vies se retrouve
dans toute l’oeuvre de Pierre Millotte,
comme dans cette série plus ancienne
qui, sous forme de plans de ville, re-
cense les lieux de sommeil de diverses
personnes. Là encore, la peinture se
met au service d’une biographie sa-
vamment codifiée et laisse l’éclatement
des couleurs insuffler aux tableaux une
respiration lumineuse et joyeuse.
Que les systèmes de représentations
soient chronologiques ou topogra-
phiques, leur force expressive se me-
sure à l’aulne des séries qui en dé-
coulent et des surprises qu’elles nous
réservent.
Xavier Glikson
Claude C., 1963… , 2009
Acrylic canvas on wood, 138x75 cm
Left page :
Didier M., 1967… , 2009
Acrylic canvas on wood, 129x75 cm
Derrière la couleur, des journaux intimes
par Xavier Glikson
28 29
Laurent Da sylva / On dirait la mer
The globalization is being tested by a pa-
radox. Firstly, it ensures the presence of
the Other by naming it and locating it in its
cultural and geographical distance (some-
times, at the risk of strengthening a sense
of identity). Secondly, it catches the Other
as part of all.
Using sound as a process of disorientation,
the proposition of Lawrence Da Sylva will
prove the same paradox. The installation
«It’s called the sea» intends to question
poetically and phonically the otherness
of objects by opening the universality of
perception facing the contemplation of the
ocean.
The element that underlies the dialogue is
the landscape. Two conceptions confront:
a Western perspective where nature is
Variations, 2007
series of 12 inkjet prints on plastic canvas
Untitled (On dirait la mer / It looks like the sea), 2007
Sound installation 60x300x300 cm
全球化的说法经常遭遇悖论。一方面,其
他人的存在是以对其命名和通过对他的地
理位置和文化特征的定位为基础的(也存
在着强化个性特征的危险),另一方面,
它也使得整体当中的每个个体变得渺小。
Laurent Da sylva 的作品通过声音造成的
方向迷失表现一个相同的悖论。《好像是
大海》装置用充满诗意和声音的方式,通
过面对大海的想象,找到对一种事物的普
遍认知,来提问物体的别样性。
风景引发对话。东西方两种理念相对照:
西方观点倾向于拥有自然并改造自然,东
方观点是与自然的恒久互动,寻找两者之
间的平衡。
在表达方式上也是两种风格:西方以模
仿、再现现实为基础,东方要经过现实而
超越现实。
subject to appropriation and transfor-
mation, and an Eastern point of view
which promotes a continuous interac-
tion with the environment, searching
the natural balances.
Two models of representation are
opposite: the West is based on lami-
mésis, the illusionistic representation
of reality; while the Orient transcends
the realism.
SEEOR PERCEIVE?
30 31
On dirait la mer est une installation sonore qui utilise le
bruitage comme processus de désorientation. Elle ques-
tionne le potentiel d’altérité, ici des objets, en ouvrant sur
une universalité de perception face à la contemplation de
l’océan. Six agitateurs sanguins alignés au sol supportent
des plateaux sur lesquels roulent des billes entraînées par
le mouvement pendulaire des machines. Le roulement des
billes reproduit le son du sac et ressac des vagues.
L’élément sur lequel se fonde le dialogue est le paysage.
Deux conceptions se confrontent : un point de vue occi-
dental où la nature est objet de conquête et de domination
et un point de vue oriental qui favorise une interaction per-
manente avec l’environnement, une recherche des équi-
libres naturels. Deux modèles de représentation se font
face : l’Occident se fonde sur la mimésis, la représentation
illusionniste du réel. La Chine quant à elle transcende le
réalisme.
Là ou la mimésis semble clore la représentation, l’art
chinois ouvre l’espace sur un vide conçu comme potentiel
en attente, présence en puissance de toutes les qualités
susceptibles d’actualisation. L’échange se poursuit alors
par l’avènement des possibles : dans mon intervention,
la présence de la cimaise devant laquelle sont posés les
machines. Support de projection mentale. Lieu d’appa-
rition. On songe au templum que traçait l’augure romain
dans le ciel, un espace consacré qui a donné son nom
à la contemplation, contemplation qui est faite de temps
et d’attente du regard pour que se manifeste, dans mon
travail, l’image sonore.
La globalisation est mise à l’épreuve d’un paradoxe. Ce-
pendant, ce paradoxe marque les conditions de l’échange.
Il autorise à considérer l’Autre comme un partenaire égal,
de mesurer et questionner les limites de sa propre culture
et d’instaurer un dialogue visant l’invention commune de
référents et de modèles.
L’identité de La Chine est le résultat d’une synthèse. Ses
appartenances culturelles sont multiples. Elle a su s’inven-
ter au contact d’autrui dans un va et vient entre sa tradition
propre et ce qui pouvait la nourrir. Elle s’est réinterprétée
sans se désapprendre, en conservant une culture ances-
trale et ce travail de transformation pourrait avoir valeur
universelle. Cette “stratégie du retour au même par le biais
de l’altérité” (Benoît verbomanie) souligne un phénomène
qui voit se télescoper la Chine séculaire et celle futuriste.
Une collision entre l’Autrefois et le Maintenant où les pra-
tiquants de gymnastique millénaire et les buildings en
construction coexistent.
Une même contradiction apparaît dans “On dirait la mer” par
la mise en présence du son et de ce qui le produit. Le son
remplit l’espace d’un élément physiquement absent dont la
présence n’est assurée que par la mémoire. Une image men-
tale s’avance contredite par la machine qui elle renvoie à un
autre lieu que la neutralité de l’installation rejoue : la solidité
de l’image est mise en jeu. Ce recyclage poétique” (Pierre
Restany), cette reprogrammation de la fonction de l’objet au
service de l’illusion éprouve la “stratégie du même par le biais
de l’altérité”. Le déplacement spatial et mental se heurte à
la présence de la machine qui ne rend pas moins opérante
l’image du son.
Et puisque les “mots” font les “choses”, il faut reconnaître
qu’on dirait la mer.
La globalisation est mise à l’épreuve d’un paradoxe et les
interactions qu’elle permet ne peuvent être réduites à la mise
en commun de quelques petits dénominateurs communs.
Le questionnement réciproque doit permettre d’identifier les
problèmes et d’affronter ensemble les enjeux d’aujourd’hui.
Ma proposition envisageait le dialogue autour du paysage,
il peut être étendu à l’environnement. La protection de l’en-
vironnement est désormais un problème mondial, un enjeu
majeur et cette “connivence” qu’entretient la Chine avec lui
peut éclairer.
A ce titre les ressources qu’offre la pensée taoïste dans son
rapport à la nature, à l’environnement peuvent encore une
fois revêtir valeur universelle.
On dirait la mer émet un doute sitôt énoncé. Paysage mé-
canisé, il s’avance comme représentation : il tient lieu de et
remplace l’absente. Distopie, scénario catastrophe où le réel
ne serait plus appréhendable qu’à travers son double artifi-
ciel, à l’image d’une mondialisation qui ne serait que la pâle
copie d’elle même si elle ne créait pas le lien nécessaire,
l’espace tiers propice à la prospection, l’innovation et à la
créativité.
Laurent Da sylva
La Fabbrica, 2007
Video and sound installation
32 33
Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis / Socles
Placing a cornerstone under the sculpture gives the works some ar-
tistic value. However as the time goes, the cornerstones that once
served the sculpture surpass the works itself. This is ″Cornerstone″
by Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis, built with cornerstones gathering together
and in general, they are merely used to represent the value of sculp-
ture and help with sculpture’s artistic expression.
Piles of cornerstones show the landscape of modern city which is
composed of buildings and skyscrapers.
The installation of cornerstones represents two different kinds of ar-
chitectural concepts. They appear to be opposite to each other but
within the cultural interchange, they built up a new form of contempo-
rary architecture.
Asian architectures – some of them have history of over 2000 years –
have a characteristic of emphasising on the horizontal scale, however
western architectures emphasis more on height and depth.
The sculpture Cornerstone shows the cultural exchange empha-
sised by contemporary architecture, as well as the social exchange
between economic and art world.
Socles, 2009
Wood, 150x300x400 cm
Espace/Temps #2, 2008 / Courtesy Galerie Triple V
Wood, 120x80x120 cm
在雕塑下方放置底座使雕塑具有了艺术价
值。但随着时代的发展,服务于雕塑的底
座有时甚至超过了雕塑本身。这就是作品
《基石》,Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis 的艺
术创作。该雕塑是由数个底座组成的,这
些底座在通常意义上仅仅用于展现雕塑的
价值和赋予其艺术品的地位。
基石的堆积展现了由大小建筑和高楼大厦
构成的现代城市建设图景。这些基石的布
置同时展现了两种不同的建筑理念。它们
最初貌似相互对立,但是在内在文化的交
互中创造了当代建筑的新形式。
亚洲建筑——其中某些建筑已经有了超过
2000年的历史——具有强调水平方向规
模的特点,而西方建筑则侧重于体现高度
和深度。
雕塑《基石》体现了由当代建筑强调的文
化交流,同时也包含了经济世界和艺术领
域间的社会交流
FULLOR EMPTY?
34 35
Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis
Le projet de sculpture de Pierre Ravelle-
Chapuis pour le monastère de Brou appar-
tient à cette classe d’objets qu’un critique
d’art avait qualifiée autrefois d’objets « an-
xieux », autrement dit dont la nature hésite
entre l’objet ordinaire et l’œuvre d’art à la
fonction purement symbolique. Est-ce vrai-
ment une sculpture ? Ou bien une sorte
d’outil, une structure de chantier, comme
peut le laisser entendre son échelle et sa
forme, qui en font la réplique d’éléments
d’échafaudage réels ?
Le matériau dans lequel est réalisée la
sculpture (de la pierre de Bourgogne taillée)
est aberrant pour un échafaudage et, dans
le même temps, « à sa place » dans le
cadre du Monastère de Brou, comme si
l’œuvre était une sorte de caméléon appli-
qué à la surface du bâtiment, dupliquant son
aspect. Le fait que l’échafaudage soit réa-
lisé en pierre de taille supprime sa fonction
et le transforme en une sorte d’image. Une
autre incongruité qui donne à l’œuvre son
caractère paradoxal réside dans le fait que
le matériau et la technique de fabrication ré-
pondent aux critères anciens tandis que la
forme, elle, est contemporaine.
La chose représentée – un échafaudage –
évoque l’édification du bâtiment lui-même
et, à ce titre, l’œuvre peut être mise en pa-
rallèle avec la peinture ancienne. Le renvoi
à la construction du bâtiment est comme
une mise en avant des moyens de l’art com-
parable aux trompe-l’œil des maîtres an-
ciens (et les maîtres hollandais en premier
lieu, les primitifs flamands contemporains
des architectes de la construction du Mo-
nastère de Brou) qui représentaient dans
les moindres détails le cadre du tableau,
quand ils ne représentaient pas son envers
avec une perfection illusionniste, mais aussi
les peintres modernes soulignant la maté-
rialité de ce qui fait la peinture
– châssis laissé apparent, ou marques os-
tensibles de l’application de la peinture
(coups de brosses, coulures de peinture).
Du fait de son sujet, la sculpture suggère
également un lien avec l’avènement de mo-
tifs triviaux en art, comme la représentation
des travailleurs (en premier lieu les casseurs de pierres de Gustave Courbet),
par lesquels l’art moderne s’est distingué de l’art néo-classique. Représenter
un élément de chantier, c’est montrer le travail qui a été nécessaire à l’édifi-
cation du bâtiment sur lequel cette même représentation est appliquée, d’une
certaine façon. C’est aussi une ruse par rapport à la fascination qu’a toujours
exercée la virtuosité technique, ou simplement les heures de travail accumu-
lées, sur le sujet ou « concept » d’une œuvre. (Un phénomène qui explique
largement le peu d’engouement pour l’art récent, suspecté de paresse, voire
de fumisterie.) Du fait de sa technique et de son matériau, mimant la maîtrise
d’ouvrage du Moyen-âge, l’installation se met à l’abri de cette critique, tout en
étant d’une nature très différente.
Le rapport au bâtiment ancien est prosaïque, au sens où il évoque le travail
de construction – et peut être compris comme un hommage à celui-ci. En
cet autre sens, l’installation peut également être vue comme un clin d’œil
à une autre tradition, celle de l’art dit « construit » ou « constructif ». Olivier
Mosset avançait il y a quelques années cette hypothèse que la peinture en
bâtiment était peut-être la forme de peinture la plus radicale aujourd’hui, eu
égard, justement, à cette tradition de l’art constructiviste, qui aspirait à l’in-
tégration de l’art dans la réalité au travers de l’architecture, notamment. Au
Moyen-âge, l’art sculpté était conçu en parfaite intégration avec le bâtiment.
Il n’était pas un surplus symbolique, mais une partie intégrante de l’architec-
ture. Depuis, cette intégration de la sculpture à l’architecture s’est progressi-
vement disloquée, l’ornement devenant un acces-
soire symbolique rapporté à la façade. En plaquant
l’échafaudage sur la façade du cloître, ce sont ces
deux moments de l’histoire des rapports entre art et
architecture qui sont évoqués.
Si les peintres en bâtiment constituent aujourd’hui
une profession très répandue, il n’existe par contre
plus aucun « sculpteur en bâtiment ». Mais si ce
métier paraît incongru aujourd’hui, il était par contre
naturel à l’époque où fût édifié le monastère, à une
époque où la statuaire n’existait que par rapport à
un site déterminé. La proposition de Pierre Ravelle-
Chapuis pour le monastère de Brou est pour cette
raison un rappel de cette sujétion de l’art au bâ-
timent, à l’architecture. L’installation proposée est
une œuvre in situ, c’est-à-dire pensée spécifique-
ment par rapport à un lieu. Elle ne se comprend
que par rapport à ce lieu, sa signification n’est pas
indépendante de son inscription dans ce site parti-
culier. Mais si la sculpture entre en résonance avec
le cadre du monastère de Brou, ça n’est pas de la
manière désormais convenue qui est devenue un
des lieux communs de l’art in situ, censé révéler le
« génie du lieu », et se servant du lieu en question
comme d’un écrin valorisant pour l’œuvre.
À la fois discrète et incongrue, la présence de la
sculpture ouvre des perspectives historiques sur
ce que fut la fonction de la sculpture et de l’archi-
tecture, mais aussi sur la façon dont nous envi-
sageons aujourd’hui notre rapport à l’art passé et
Monastère de Brou, de Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis
Analyse de Vincent Pécoil
Untitled (Une Bouteille à la Mer / A Bottle in the Sea), 2008
Prix international de sculpture Noilly-Prat 2008
Earth/Grass, 60x800x1500 cm
Untitled (Échafaudage / Scaffolding), 2009 / Courtesy Galerie Triple V
Steel Structure / Pierre de Bourgogne, 350x90x210 cm
présent. Le sujet de la sculpture est en fin de compte le bâtiment (le
monastère) « en tant que nous le concevons communément comme
une partie du “ patrimoine ” ».
L’échafaudage, en évoquant les travaux de réfection structurelle ou
de ravalement, évoque le travail continu de restauration dont les bâti-
ments exceptionnels de cette époque font l’objet. L’intervention propo-
sée est subtile : ni cosmétique, ni capitalisation sur le génie du lieu, la
sculpture ouvre une réflexion sur la place que nous accordons respec-
tivement à la création et au patrimoine dans notre société.
Est-ce que l’attention que nous portons aux vestiges de l’art ancien
peut s’exprimer autrement que sur le mode de la conservation et de la
restauration ? Est-ce seulement à ce rôle que nous devons confiner
l’art (être un « monument », autrement dit un rappel de quelque chose
de passé, de révolu ; témoigner, être un vestige) ? L’œuvre évoque la
« restauration », ce qui se comprend aussi au sens de retour à un état
antérieur. Mais elle n’est pas passéiste pour autant.
Résolument contemporaine, elle est simultanément un hommage à
une forme révolue, et une réflexion sur ce que nous attendons de l’art
aujourd’hui.
Vincent Pécoil
36 37
Li Qing / 李青
局部软化的乒乓球桌和陷落其中的球,将游戏置入一
种不寻常的难度中。狭义的游戏总是流于简单,而广
义的游戏模式却可以对应更多的现实情景,例如带陷
阱的乒乓桌所对应的对抗双方各执一词的偏执,观点
在不同文化背景中的陷落和无效,阴谋与阳谋。游戏
的难度在于不同立场、不同人群之间难以消弭的差
异,而这正是它难以结束的原因。
Partly softened Ping-pong table and the ball that
sank in on it bring the game up to a level of unu-
sual difficulty. Game, in narrow sense, tends to be
simple and easy, however in a broader sense, it
could reflect many real life scenes, for example, the
bigoted point of view held by the players standing
at the two sides of the table and the collapse and
invalidity of viewpoints when placed in different cultu-
ral backgrounds, as well as conspiracy and flagrant
plot. The difficulty of the game lies in the inerasable
difference that exists between groups of people and
their standpoints, and this becomes the reason for
the everlasting game.
“在李青的作品开始成形之际,恰逢全球的中国热和
中国国内艺术市场的“爆炸期”,此前长久困厄于地
下、主要依赖西方人发放“救济金”的中国前卫艺
术转而成为社会焦点… 老艺术家们被推至舞台的中
心,而年轻一代当中只要是稍具市场可能性的,立刻
就有画廊争抢着签约,迅速地包装上市。李青顺应和
经由这个过程建立起他的个人形象,尽管顺利得似乎
过分,却没有为那种浓重的商业气息所笼罩,不仅如
此,他以个人的天赋、态度、清醒而善于吸收的头
脑,观念与语言的出色结合,相互衔接而又不断突破
的系列性创作方式,日渐证实他有可能成为未来中国
艺术的某种希望。”
“对于李青而言,真实与虚幻,语言和现实,游戏
与冥想呈现着在运动之中的融合状态,“诸相非
相”,形象的相似性与差异性正是同一个命题不可或缺的
两面——“在实存的自然中没有什么事物是重复的,但是
在思想的自然中,我们理解事物只能靠我们想象的同一
性。”(乔治 库伯勒<Geroge Kubler>,《时间的形状》
,纽约1962年版),以《道德经》之言以蔽之:“道生
一,一生二,二生三,三生万物”,艺术正可以从这里出
发,进行对于表象世界的自发组装。” --- 朱朱
The maturation of Li Qing’s works came at a moment of
global enthusiasm for China, during an “explosion” of the
Chinese domestic art market. The avant-garde art which
heretofore had languished in the underground, largely de-
pendent on “rescue funds” from westerners, emerged into
society’s spotlight. Exhibitions were held everywhere, and
older artists were pushed into the limelight. In the younger ge-
neration, anyone who showed a bit of promise would be snap-
ped up by a gallery, quickly packaged, and put on the market.
Li Qing established his persona by way of this process, and
though this happened with uncanny smoothness for him, the
thick atmosphere of commerce did not engulf him. More than
that, with his talent and lucid intelligence, along with his faci-
lity for marrying concept and language and his adventurously
unfolding mode of serial production, he has proven, over time,
that his work yet to come holds forth a certain hope for the
future of Chinese art.
For Li Qing reality and illusion, language and reality, play and
contemplation present themselves in a state of ongoing inter-
penetration. “Phenomenal forms not the forms we see.”
The similarity and difference of forms are two indispen-
sable sides of the same proposition—“In actual nature no
single thing is a repetition of another, but in the natural or-
der of thought, to understand things we rely on imagined
similarity.” (George Kubler, The Form of Time, New York,
1962) Or perhaps we can sum this up with a sentence from
the Daode Jing: “The One engenders Two, Two engenders
Three, and Three engenders the myriad things.” From this
art can take its departure, working out its spontaneous re-
formulation of the world of representation.
Zhu Zhu
Soft Trap•Game isn’t Over, 2008, Installation
JOKEOR NOT?
38 39
Li Qing / 李青
Training Room (2008) , in which two ping pong
players, with a mirrored wall between them, each
hit their own balls against the wall’s surface. This
can be seen as an antithesis to the theme of “Ping-
pong”: it implies that true interchange between
oneself and the other cannot exist, and that all
such efforts are illusions setting forth from and re-
turning to the self.
《训练房》(2008)将两个打乒乓球
的人隔绝在玻璃墙壁的两侧,球的落点
自玻璃墙壁上回返,这件装置可以说是
《乒乓球》主题的反写,似乎是指说在
自我和他者之间真正的交流并不可能存
在,所有的努力仅仅是一场从自我出发
又复归自我的幻觉。
In Ping-pong (2007) , the two sides of a ping-pong table were painted
with maps of China and America. In the process of playing ping pong, the
ball constantly picked up spots of pigment from the two maps as it went
back and forth across the net. In the end the two maps grew spotted and
indistinct, like diagrams altered by spontaneous, disorderly “stippling.”
Or one could say that they looked like misaligned color prints. Use of
Chinese and U.S. maps here reminds the viewer of early stages of “ping-
pong diplomacy” and the subsequent history of ceaseless discord and
interchange between the two countries: the densely spotted maps serve
as a visual metaphor.
在《乒乓球》(2007)中,球网两侧的桌面上分
别绘上了中国和美国地图,而在打球的过程中,
乒乓球不断地粘带起两幅地图上的颜料,往返在
球网的两侧,最终使两幅地图变得斑驳迷离,好
像是以随意而混乱的“点彩”手法所制作的图
形,或者,如同套色印刷时出了问题的错版。作
品中中美地图的设置,令人想起当年著名的“乒
乓外交”事件,而此后的中美所经历的不断冲突
与渗透的历史过程,恰好由地图中则将两个打乒
乓球的人密密麻麻的色斑来隐喻。
Training Rooms, 2008, Video Installation Ping-Pong, 2008, Action & Video Installation
40 41
Li Songhua / 李颂华
视频作品《对话》对中国的国家特征给出俏皮的概念化注
解。作品的主角是李颂华年仅五岁的儿子,他全篇模仿了胡
锦涛关于中国经济发展的重要讲话。从演说风格上来讲国家
主席和五岁小童都保持了严肃认真的态度,表达了十足的信
心和诚意。不过孩子的演讲更加天然无修饰,有时流点口
水,有时坑坑巴巴含糊地带过某些词的发音,随着时间的推
移还会露出疲惫的表情。
期间,李颂华的声音偶尔会从背景中传出,一会儿纠正儿子
的发音,一会儿督促儿子继续往下讲。遇到看不懂的字,孩
子会按照自己的理解读出声来,然后抬起头等待父亲的肯定。
年幼的儿子埋头于面前的一大堆讲稿,并不住地抓耳挠腮,
李颂华似乎对这些即兴动作相当满意,因为中国领导人永远
不会有这样的动作,儿子的演讲自有其特色。中国领导人的
角色由五岁小儿扮演,中国领导人的个性突变成一个摇头晃
脑的小孩,高高在上的领导位置被剥夺了,暗示了该职位的
可代替性。更为颠覆的是,启用稚气的主角是为了表明国家
仍处于初级阶段。李颂华使五岁儿童称职地完成了中国领导
人的这项工作,意在去除讲话的原“能指”行为,使最后的
视频按照“所指”的涵义变化继续行进。
贝安吉
Li’s 2005 video work Keynote Speech is a
sly and conceptual commentary on China’s
national identity. In the work, Li’s five-year
old son delivers, in its entirety, one of Hu
Jintao’s more bombastic speeches on the
economic development of China. Speaking
with gusto and solemn gravitas, the parallels
between Hu Jintao’s delivery and the five-
year-old’s are readily apparent: both speak
with complete seriousness confidence and
even sincerity. But Li’s son’s delivery is
more transparent. There are moments of
fluid discourse but also moments where he
visibly stumbles over words, mouthing their
enunciations, and showing signs of fatigue
as the video progresses. At points, Li can
be overheard in the background, correc-
ting pronunciation and coaching his son on
where Li’s son wonders what a certain word
means, looking up at his father for approval.
Li seem to delight in the unscripted moments that personalize
the speech in a way that Hu Jintao never would be when his son
reaches up scratch his ear, for example, or when he completely
buries his head in the papers in front of him .By replacing Hu
Jintao with a five-year-old, the performance reduces the perso-
nality of China’s president to that of a bobbling head, stripping
him of his august perch by hinting at the leader’s disposability.
Even more subversively, the video suggests a country still in its
early stages, making overtures of distinction in the face of ob-
vious youth. By replacing Hu Jintao with a competent five-year-
old, Li strips the speech’s original performance of its signifier,
allowing the resulting video to track the change in the meaning
of the signified.
Angie Baecker
Keynote Speech, 2005, Video, 24min Loop
IDEALOR IDEOLOGY?
42 43
Li Songhua / 李颂华
北京艺术家李颂华的作品涉及的面很广,使用的媒介也不
拘一格。不过,探讨“能指”与“所指”的分界线却是他
众多作品的共同主线。奈绪尔声称“能指”与“所指”就
像一枚硬币的两面,关系简单明了,触动一个立即有另一
个相对应。德里达(Derrida)等批评家指出,这种一对
一关系的硬伤在于语言和文化情境本身就有相当的不稳定
性。李颂华描述和质疑了新技术对文化、艺术创造产生的
影响,以及中国民族文化的易变特征,在这一过程中,
“能指”与“所指”非常明显地脱离了关系。
Beijing-based artist Li Songhua’s oeuvre varies widely in
theme and in medium, Li’s work also shares a common
interest in exploring this same divide between the signi-
fier and the signified. While de Saussure argued that,
like two sides of the same coin, the signifier and signified
enjoyed a direct association allowing the invocation of
one to immediately summon the other, critics like Der-
rida have pointed to the essential instability of language
and cultural context as compromisers of this one-to-one
relationship. By manifesting this disconnection, Li’s work
questions and describes the impact of new technologies
on culture and art production, and the volatility of China’s
cultural and national identity.
A Needle Drops In, 2008, LED Installation
Poem in Water, 2006, Landscape Art, Plexiglass, Fishing Line
Here-There. The changing world
Here-There. The changing world
Here-There. The changing world
Here-There. The changing world
Here-There. The changing world
Here-There. The changing world
Here-There. The changing world
Here-There. The changing world
Here-There. The changing world
Here-There. The changing world
Here-There. The changing world

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Here-There. The changing world

  • 1.
  • 2. 5 Presentation / 总体介绍 4 Curators / 策展人 Ludovic De Vita / 吕多维克 德 维塔 6 Gu Zhenqing / 顾振清 10 Soukyoun LEE / 李素友 14 Participating Artists / 参展艺术家 Cyril Le van 18 Pierre Millotte 22 Laurent Da sylva 26 Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis 30 Li Qing / 李青 34 Li Songhua / 李颂华 38 Weng Fen / 翁奋 42 Ge Fei & Lin Zhen / 葛非 林缜 46 Jong Ku KIM 50 Sea Hyun LEE 54 Xooang CHOI 58 Credit 62 Contents
  • 3. 6 7 ARTOR ANOTHERPART? 变动的世界 国际政治、经济和文化关系转变了我们整 体和个体世界观的思考方式。在这里艺术 家对于这种相对于他人和整个世界的关系 的改变提出质疑,并选择了在艺术创作中 与这个主题相互动。 一个跨文化的艺术项目 通过艺术来谈论跨文化,经常会回到文化 差异的存在和能够共存等老生常谈上。 《这/那,变动的世界》项目希望通过促进 三方之间的实际接触,让他走得更远些。 这种现实的交流本身成为了一个思考的载 体。 移动的概念 通过思想的交流,建立起用于这个展览的 一个共同的话题和研究领域,这里充满 了移动的概念。策展人从这到那的实际沟 通,共同工作,才能够真正呈现出这个展 览。 亲自碰面,与每个人就他的艺术策展方式 进行辩论,这是策展人Ludovic De Vita、 顾振清和Soukyoun LEE首先要做的事情, 策展人通过充分沟通来找到共同领域和每 个人的特殊角度,选择与展览概念相符合 的艺术家及作品。 在策展人的交流中,一些问题总是萦绕在 他们的头脑中:我们的自身文化有什么样 的涵义?每位艺术家基于自身文化背景的 艺术创作又会带来什么样的共通性? 这个展览最初的想法是希望创造一个每个 国家的艺术家、文化机构和公众沟通交流 的机会。旨在建立一个不同的文化机构之 间的桥梁,反映国际文化现象,加深彼此 的联系,并且拥有更广泛的更多样的观展 群。 通过在中国、韩国和法国的巡回展出,建 立项目可持续性的必要联系,并且根据参 与者的增加和变化进行调整更改。 一个长远艺术项目 这个展览的未来方向为如何扩大他的理念 范围和艺术家的地理范围。 未来后续的展览将呼吁其他亚洲和欧洲国 家的参与,将艺术领域与其他学科,如艺 术批评、艺术哲学等放在一起,来做一个 以展览为中心的艺术交流活动。 同时可以帮助艺术家之间建立联系,在工 作室共同创作作品,人的移动代替单纯的 作品运输,也从另一方式上回应了《the world in motion》的主题。 《这/那,变动的世界》当代艺术展提供了一个发现中、法、韩三种 艺术观点的机会,并且在这第一次的展出中试图建立一个当代艺术思 考的全景画面。 World in motion The internationalization of politics, economics and culture is transforming the way we understand both the world as a whole and our own existence within it. The manner in which our social bonds are shifting is questioned by artists who have been selected for the relevance of their insights into this theme. An intercultural project Interculturalism is often reduced to the acknowledgment of different co-existing cultures. The Here-There project tries to go further by using a tripartite relationship which faci- litates real exchanges between participants. The dialogue may begin to emerge as a vehicle for reflection. Here-There. The World in Motion offers the chance to discover the views of French, Chinese and Koreans artists. They have gathered for this first edition to try to construct a panorama of contemporary artistic thinking. Future editions: the road ahead The challenge for future editions is to broaden the geographic scope of the exhibition. Subsequent editions will seek to involve more Asian and European countries in the initiative, expanding its interaction with other disciplines such as art criticism and philosophy, to offer a cycle of conferences interacting with the itinerant exhibition Through workshop-style interactions, the artists will be able to formulate and renew concepts of the central theme; “world in motion”. The concept of itinerancy It is on this issue that an intellectual exchange esta- blishes a common theme and areas of research for the development of this exhibition. Through this, the concept of itinerancy is understood. Through their initial meetings and debates, the exhibi- tion curators, Ludovic De Vita, Gu Zhenqing & Soukyoun LEE, were able to distinguish a global and yet specific space for each artist. These debates were fueled by recurring questions such as: What is meaningful according our cultural roots? What can be understood as contemporary art in each of the curator’s own cultural environments? Its ambition is clearly to build a kind of relay among the different cultural players by reflecting somehow the in- ternational cultural fabric. The project initiates a meeting of artists, cultural institu- tions of viewers from each of the participating countries. It aims to establish a bridge between different cultural institutions, to be reflective of the cultural fabric and deepen international ties, to expand the proposal to a wider and more diverse audience. By roaming from China to Korea and France, this itine- rant exhibition is creating new opportunities for artistic exchange and constantly reinvigorating itself.
  • 4. 8 9 La sélection des artistes français a été fondée sur un rapport critique au monde contemporain, mettant en évidence les transformations de notre rapport à l’autre, à soi-même du fait d’une standardisation des usages et des modes de consommation. Les artistes français présentés pour cette exposition défendent chacun à leur manière un concept intera- gissant parfaitement avec ce monde en mouvement, en mutation, que nous cherchons ici à cerner. Par le biais d’une distanciation les artistes français pro- posent ici une critique ou un constat de la situation actuelle ou de certaines de ces situations. Ils rendent compte des codes culturels s’imprégnant l’un l’autre, dénoncent les valeurs économiques et marchandes instituées comme valeurs de réussite et d’apparte- nance sociale, proposent de reformuler la place de l’homme au cœur de ces modes de consommation et de perception. J’ai pu dans le cadre de la préparation conjointe de ce projet m’entretenir directement avec Gu Zhenqing et Soukyoun LEE. C’est à partir de ces échanges que les artistes français ont pris leur légitimité au- près des différentes propositions des artistes chinois et coréens. Les artistes chinois que Gu Zhenqing a sélectionnés, apportent d’une manière bien différente une relation directe au politique en entretenant un dialogue entre la Chine et le reste du monde. Les artistes coréens sélectionnés par Soukyoun LEE ont cette capacité métaphorique de reformuler, sur la base de concepts forts, des images en miroir de l’état du monde actuel. Il fallait bien être trois pour arriver à représenter une telle diversité ; il fallait bien, en tant que commissaire, être soi-même conscient de son appartenance cultu- relle et de pouvoir la déterminer pour que cette mise en relation des artistes prenne tout son sens. D’un commissaire à l’autre, des conceptions différentes de l’art ont émergé, énonçant un autre champ de réflexion à celui amené par les artistes. Quel est la relation du commissaire d’exposition avec ce qui est reconnu comme art dans son propre pays et qu’est- ce qui aura valeurs et intérêts auprès des autres pays représentés ? Qu’est-ce qui peut, au-delà des appartenances culturelles, créer un champ de ré- flexion pour tous ? C’est par ces interrogations issues de cette expé- rience multiple que nous pouvons convoquer la no- tion d’interculturalité active qui a été mise en jeu pour la création de cette exposition et qui, je l’espère, sera appréciée par le public. Ludovic De Vita The selection of French artists has been based on their critical view of the contem- porary world, highlighting the transforma- tion of social relationships due to the ho- mogenization of lifestyles and modes of consumption. The French creators presented here are each standing up for concepts which illumi- nate this ever-changing world. They offer us a detached view of a range current si- tuations. They report on the cultural codes absorbing one another, denounce the pri- macy of the market and propose to reposi- tion the human being at the heart of these trends in perception and consumption. Throughout the joint preparation of this project I have been speaking directly with Gu Zhenqing and Soukyoun LEE. It is from these exchanges that French artists have established their legitimacy adopting va- rious suggestions from the Chinese and Korean artists. The Chinese artists selected by Gu Zhen- qing, provide a very distinct view of the po- litical dialogue between China and the rest of the world. The artists selected by Korean curator Soukyoun LEE have the ability to refor- mulate, through images, metaphorical concepts of the modern world. To represent diversity, three curators were required and I had to be acutely aware of the cultural backgrounds of each of my co-curators in order to build meaningful cooperation. As each of three of us has a unique conception of what art is, our in- tricate thoughts have provided questions quite different from those of the artists. What is the nature of the relationship between a curator and what is acknowle- dged as art in his home country? How will it be understood in the other re- presented countries? What could possibly unite, beyond any cultural roots, everyone in mutual reflec- tion? Through the deliberations initiated by this protean experience, we are invoking the notion of active interculturalism. This concept is at the crux this exhibition and we hope that it will be appreciated by the viewer. Ludovic De Vita French Curator / 法国策展人 Ludovic De Vita / 吕多维克 德 维塔 Curator, On gallery President / 策展人, On gallery 馆长 法国艺术家的选择是基于一种对当代世界的批判 关系,凸显了现实世界对于消费模式、使用标准 等问题的影响和方式的转变。 参展的法国艺术家每个人都用自己的方式来捍卫 这个与世界完全互动、彼此关联的理念,这也是 我们在这里要阐述的主题。通过完全置身事外的 方式,法国艺术家在这里展现的或者是现实的批 判或者仅仅是现实呈现。他们意识到文化的符号 彼此浸染,他们谴责经济价值、市场价值作为社 会成功和社会地位的唯一标准,建议在消费模式 和思想观念的核心处找到人类本体的位置。 在策展工作中,我与中方策展人顾振清和韩方策 展人Soukyoun LEE有很多直接接触。在这些交 流的基础上,从中、韩艺术家的方案差异上,法 国艺术家更明确了自己方案的方向。 顾振清所选择的中国艺术家,带来一种不同的与 政治直接相连的方式,来保持中国与其他世界的 对话。 Soukyoun LEE所选择的韩国艺术家都有很强的 隐喻能力,在背后强大的观念基础上,将图像作 为现实世界的一面镜子进行重新书写。 呈现如此多样性的艺术作品,必须要三个人共同 工作。作为策展人,应该意识到自身的文化特 点,并且能够确保艺术家之间的关联性是有意义 的。出自各个策展人之手,不同的艺术观点呈现 出来,同时也给他们带来了一个区别于艺术家的 另一些问题思索:什么作品可以代表他的国家文 化背景? 他会对其他参展国家带来什么样的价 值和兴趣?谁能够,在各自文化表象的基础上, 建立一个所有人共同思考的领域? 通过策展中沟通过程,我们可以说是跨文化的交 流创造了这个展览,我希望这个展览会被公众所 喜欢。 吕多维克 德 维塔
  • 5. 10 11 Le monde en mouvement Les relations internationales politiques, écono- miques et culturelles transforment notre façon d’appréhender le monde dans son entier et notre existence dans sa particularité. Ce phénomène de modifications de notre rapport à l’autre et au monde est questionné ici par les artistes, choi- sis pour l’interaction de leur recherche avec cette thématique. Un projet interculturel Parler d’interculturalité par l’art revient souvent à énoncer seulement que des cultures différentes existent et peuvent cohabiter. Le projet Here- There tente d’aller plus loin en se basant sur une relation tripartite et favorisant le contact réel entre chacun des participants. Le dialogue peut ainsi commencer à s’instaurer comme vecteur de réflexion. Le concept d’itinérance C’est sur cet enjeu d’un échange de pensée qui permet d’établir une thématique commune et des territoires de recherche pour l’élaboration de cette exposition que le concept d’itinérance prend tout son sens. Aller à la rencontre, débattre avec chacun sur sa façon de s’engager dans l’art, c’est le travail pre- mier qu’il a fallu à Ludovic De Vita, Gu Zhenqing et Soukyoun LEE, commissaires de l’exposition pour permettre de trouver le territoire global et spécifique à chaque intervenant et sélectionner les artistes qui entreraient en relation avec le concept de l’exposition. Cette échange fut nourri par les commissaires en tentant de répondre à la question : Qu’est-ce qui fait sens suivant nos origines culturelles et qu’est-ce qui peut-être assimilé à une pratique contemporaine de l’art en fonction du contexte culturel de chaque participant ? Here-There. The World in Motion propose de découvrir les points de vue d’artistes français, chinois et coréens qui sont rassemblés pour cette première édition afin de tenter d’élaborer un panorama de la pensée artistique contemporaine. Le projet initie la rencontre des artistes, des institutions culturelles de chacun des pays participants et des pu- blics. Il a pour ambition d’établir un relais entre les dif- férentes institutions culturelles; être à l’image du tissu international culturel et d’en approfondir les liens, afin d’élargir la proposition à un public plus nombreux et di- versifiés. Une rencontre effective par l’itinérance de l’exposition en Chine, en Corée et en France qui permettra de nouer les liens nécessaires à la pérennité du projet et de renouveler concrètement sur le terrain l’engagement des parties prenantes. Un avenir pour les éditions futures L’enjeu pour les prochaines éditions est d’élargir le champ géographique de l’itinérance pour la concep- tion et la représentation de l’exposition :Les éditions ultérieures appelleront d’autres pays asiatiques et eu- ropéens à participer pour faire de cette initiative un ren- dez-vous renouvelant le projet et l’interaction avec le projet Appeler à participation différentes disciplines interagis- sant avec l’art. Proposer à la critique d’art, la philosophie de l’art de joindre la réflexion en programmant un cycle de confé- rences voyageant et interagissant avec l’exposition. Un développement vers la mise en relation des artistes par le biais de rencontres de type workshop seront le point de rencontre pour l’énonciation de concepts re- nouvelant et déclinant la thématique de ce « monde en mouvement ». French Curator / 法国策展人 Ludovic De Vita / 吕多维克 德 维塔 Cyril Le Van Le travail de Cyril Le Van joue sur les apparences. En uti- lisant la bâche imprimée qui véhicule communément de la publicité, il transforme des objets tels que sacs, chaus- sures de marques, vêtements sportifs en objet artefact, dévalués de leurs originaux mais reproduits à l’identique dans leur aspect. Il vient poser la question de ce qui fait le produit et ce qui fait l’œuvre qu’elle soit artistique ou commerciale. Il vient mettre un doute la relation que nous entretenons avec ces objets donnés à voir et à désirer. Il s’agit là également d’ex- plorer une certaine forme d’exclusion, celle de l’accès à la consommation à la fois comme besoin primaire au sens vital du terme mais aussi en référence à un besoin d’ap- partenance sociale. L’installation met en relation des produits siglés et d’autres issus de la récupération venant mettre en question les va- leurs sociales et identitaires qui nous lient à nos modes de consommation. Pierre Millotte Le travail de Pierre Millotte est centré sur l’espace et le temps. Une part importante de ces œuvres est réalisée sur la base de plans de villes schématisés sur lesquels apparaissaient, en couleur, les rues où la personne, sujet du tableau, a dormi au cours de sa vie dans la ville représentée. Pierre Millotte réalise pour l’exposition le portrait de quatre français, chinois et coréen dans leur itinérance entre leur pays et la France. Ces itinérances apparaîtront sous forme de tableaux chro- nologiques : Des surfaces-temps retraçant avec fidélité les mouvements d’une personne au cours d’une année. Travaillant en prise directe avec le réel, Pierre Millotte pro- pose une abstraction du réel dans son mouvement, son es- pace et son temps, représentée par une composition géomé- trique qui donne à voir un portrait pictural des mouvements d’hommes dans le monde. Laurent Da Sylva La globalisation est mise à l’épreuve d’un paradoxe. Dans un premier temps, elle assure la présence de l’Autre en le nommant et en le repérant dans son éloignement géo- graphique et culturel (au risque parfois de renforcer un sentiment identitaire). Dans un second temps, elle le saisit comme la partie d’un tout. La proposition de Laurent Da Sylva va éprouver un même paradoxe en utilisant le son comme processus de déso- rientation. L’installation « On dirait la mer » a pour but de questionner de manière poétique et sonore l’altérité des objets en ouvrant sur l’universalité de la perception face à la contemplation de l’océan. L’élément sur lequel se fonde le dialogue est le paysage. Deux conceptions se confrontent : un point de vue occi- dental où la nature est objet d’appropriation et de transfor- mation, et un point de vue oriental qui favorise une interac- tion permanente avec l’environnement, une recherche des équilibres naturels. Deux modèles de représentation se font face : l’Occident se fonde sur la mimésis, la représentation illusionniste du réel. L’Orient quant à elle transcende le réalisme. Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis Mettre un socle sous une sculpture lui donne valeur d’œuvre d’art. Le socle, utilitaire au service de la sculpture a, au fil du temps, parfois pris le pas sur la sculpture. C’est le cas de « Socles », le projet proposé par Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis sculpture composée de plusieurs socles, éléments qui d’ordi- naire ne sont présents que pour mettre l’objet en valeur et lui conférer son statut d’œuvre. Le volume qui résulte de cet assemblage évoque le schéma de construction d’une ville moderne, composée de bâtiments de différentes tailles, de tours plus hautes les unes que les autres. La disposition de ces socles vient mettre en parallèle deux concepts d’architecture qui peuvent initialement sem- bler s’opposer mais qui fonde par l’échange inter-culturel une nouvelle apparence de l’urbanisme contemporain. L’architecture asiatique, dont certains exemples datent de plus de 2000 ans, a pour caractéristique l’emphase donnée à la dimension horizontale, en opposition à l’architecture oc- cidentale qui tend à privilégier la hauteur et la profondeur. La sculpture « Socles » intègre l’échange culturel souligné par l’architecture contemporaine, mais également l’échange social réalisé entre le monde de l’entreprise et le domaine de l’art. Présentation des artistes françaisIntroduction à l’exposition Here-There. The World In Motion
  • 6. 12 13 国际交流语境中,最活跃的事件驱动力莫 过于文化的差异性,最难逆转的方向则当 属文化的趋同性。全球化条件下,任何流 行文化因素都可以独步天下。即便以全球 多元文化格局为前提,这儿的文化与那儿 的文化之间的巨大差异性,也可以通过异 国情调共享的模式加以消弭、烫平甚至遮 蔽。于是,世界是平的,也就被传说成世 界文化也在趋于扁平化,趋于同一性的整 合。 过去的中韩之间、中法之间,有着巨大的 差异性。历史上,中国、韩国和法国处于 两种不同的轴心文明圈,其文化影响力一 直随着政治霸权的变迁而此消彼长。所谓 东西方之争的陈年往事,基本上还是站在 现代性的权重立场上的一种文化偏颇。 当年的《马可波罗游记》,表达了欧洲人 立场的从这儿到那儿的一次观看、一次探 险。由于东方被设定为他者,非我族类。 于是,《马可波罗游记》也就成就了另一 本《爱丽丝梦游仙境》。他者的世界既可 能是仙境,也可能是魔界。从地理大发现 到整个殖民主义史的终结,充斥的是老 欧洲对欧洲以外的他者世界的巧取豪夺, 以及灌输、扭曲和霸权式的文化扩张、文 化同化。从这儿到那儿,常常误读在先, 自我体验和理解、分析在后。欧洲中心主 义要么贬低一切他者文化,要么就叫嚷黄 祸。黄祸的拟人化形象傅满洲医生和东方 主义学说体系互为参照,构成国际交流语 境中的一种复杂的历史背景。 但站在中国的立场上、站在韩国的立场 上,来看待历史上的西方,分析今天的法 国,则是另一个从这儿到那儿的概念。魏 源的《海国图志》打破了传统的夷夏之辨 的文化价值观,摒弃了自我中心的地理观 念,算得上是睁眼看世界的一个先例。但 其“师夷之长技以制夷”的功利主义目 的,只是开辟了近代中国向西方学习的一 种时代新风气。1866年,朝鲜王国与基督 教及法国军队的冲突,也是一种被动应对 的文化碰撞。从中、韩传统的这儿到所谓 西方的那儿,越来越表现为一种应对性、 学习型的文化交流。 民族国家兴起后,按国家区分的世界版 图,曾经彰显出近代史上的一系列问题。 但在当今的全球化语境下,随着民族国家 界线和国际分野的模糊化,现代社会及文 化在全球形成一体化态势,国家之间的差 异变得越来越不清晰。在冷战结束、经济 全球化时代不期而至的1990年代,中法之 间、韩法之间、中韩之间的多向文化交流 才在不断的重新界定中日趋互动化、日常 化。而不同文化中的他者观念也日益进入 日常交流的视野。韩流、中国和平崛起的 文化现象,成为国际交流语境的崭新的当 下背景。 全球化条件下,无论从哪个文化立场出 发,世界的这儿,与那儿,开始难分彼 此,难分伯仲。互联网条件下,国际社会 交流频繁,以致形成地球村的概念。从地 球的这儿到那儿,尚有文化差异,但差异 已经让人不新鲜了。一些习惯出席各种国 际场合的艺术家认为,从地球这儿到那 儿,他们最显著的感受居然是时差,而不 是别的! 当下国际语境中,全球一体化浪潮对于现 存的众多拥有丰富历史渊源和记忆的各种 文化传统而言,已然不可回避。无论世界的这儿,还是世 界的那儿,那些传统的文化力量普遍产生了一种更具全球 眼光的自我刷新和自我建构的诉求,积攒潜在的文化爆发 力。因此,无论中国、韩国,还是法国,各个国家的艺术 家提示不同文化传统各自的现实针对性,积极主动地应对 乃至把握交流语境,是摆脱文化传承的焦虑和妄想,实现 并强化有效话语权的一种策略。这种策略如上升到国际文 化战略,无疑是各个发达国家、发展中国家艺术家挑战美 国全球单边文化强权,推动多元文化主体性的塑造的一种 长远眼光。这会让更多人去独立自主地认知、反思国际上 不同文化原创力量提出的迈向理想社会的解决方案。 1989年在“大地魔术师”展览上,法国策展人马尔丹等人 从全球艺术的现实语境出发,较早地包容了不同文化背景 下当代艺术与现代艺术长期共存的观念。而中国、韩国与 法国的艺术家也在各个国际舞台上,通过日益强劲的国际 交流模式,分享了彼此的异国情调,也分享了彼此对现代 性的各自言说。于是,这儿、那儿,谁也不是中心,谁也 不是边缘。的确,在现、当代艺术日益成为艺术家自我体 验、或旁观他者的文化表征的同时。国际艺术圈也在成为 一个不同的他者与他者文化之间彼此权力角逐的场域。一 个全球化,终于变身为不同国家各自表述的结果。然而, 国际交流语境的发展惯性,在保留了求异存同的言说的同 时,却导致了更多求同存异的言说。在各个全球文化层面 上,终究,文化求同的权重性愈来愈强大。 那么,地球的这儿的一个艺术家,是否在那儿也生效?是 否一个艺术家走了全球化道路,闪现在全球注意力聚焦的 舞台,才能真正具有国际影响力呢?说到底,这还要看这 个个体艺术家所提出的当代艺术问题,在国际参照系上, 到底够不够前沿?有没有贡献性? 一些中、韩艺术家的创作,放在本国还很有本土价值,但 是放在国际当代艺术语境,由于其思路、表现形式与欧美 艺术家的既往作品“撞车”、雷同,好像就显得缺乏贡献 性。其实,艺术再现是有针对性的,是要解决不同历史时 期的现实问题的。艺术家身处的社会现实的上下文给了艺 术再现一再发生的必要性。这种艺术形式、方法的“撞 车”现象不一定存在直接的模仿,但在发生学上几乎是难 以避免的。那么,艺术家的价值,还是要看他是否站在问 题的前沿、是否具有思想的前瞻性和形式语言的独创性。 当代艺术的原创性存在着时间节点的问题,但时间上的第 一优先并不能决定一切,更不能决定社会的接受度。艺术 家在形式、语言上的创造,也有许多后发制人的例子。如 果一个更大的社会消费过程、或者图像延伸过程先接受 了“这儿”的你,虽然有“那儿”别的艺术家做的比你早 又与你的表达方式相近,但你也可以比他更生效。 从地球的这儿到那儿,只存在时差? Chinese Curator / 中国策展人 Gu Zhenqing / 顾振清 Curator, artistic director of the White Box Museum of art, "Visual Production" magazine editor / 独立策展人、白盒子艺术馆艺术总监、《视觉生产》杂志主编 在全球注意力和视觉消费面前,这儿,那儿,似乎已经被 整合为一体。无论在哪,谁精彩,谁就闪亮。 近年来,一直有法国艺术家远道来到中国、韩国参加交流 活动,也一直有中、韩艺术家远道赴法参展、短期驻留, 中韩之间也是如此。有时,艺术家们觉得把自己在本国创 作的作品直接搬来搬去展出,只是一种割断上下文的、生 硬的表达,结果也往往沦为一种勉强的、流于形式的交 流。于是,艺术家越来越重视就地创作。艺术家根据不同 地域的现实文化环境,做出不同的艺术应对,这是一种经 典的当代艺术方法。但是,这儿和那儿的文化差异性,似 乎不再有助于艺术家的创意激发和个性塑造。无论从这儿 去那儿,还是从那儿回到这儿,艺术家应景的活越来越 多。异质文化上下文的切换,已经越来越难以激发艺术家 的创新思维。往日高更在南太平洋小岛大溪地经历的成 功故事,也越来越难以重演。毕竟,地球的这儿与那儿之 间,彼此的文化变得越来越同构化了。 国际交流语境,正在变成了一个穿透所有文化差异的整一 化语境。这个语境所包容的是艺术家影响力的跨国输出和 全球传播。在此,艺术的原创性也遭到后发优势的致命狙 击。在国际交流语境中,地球的这儿与那儿的艺术家所比 拼的,已经不是创新的第一优先,而是影响力传播的第一 优先。于是,谁的国际影响力占了先机,谁就生效。谁的 言说越有国际性,谁就越生效。 无论是在这儿,还是那儿,一个艺术家必须面对的是国际 交流语境中的自我言说问题。如果你不言说,他人就替你 言说。他人的言说,无论多么客观,都是一种出自主观角 度的系统表述。因此,艺术家重要的是通过作品言说自 己,把他的话语纳入到国际交流语境,纳入到各种各样的 上下文来强调他的语义有效性。单单言说,只是让艺术家 获得某种意义的开始。但是,如果这个艺术家坚持独创性 和自主创新,他的思想、意义和价值就有可能变得重要, 就有可能真正进入历史。 今天的这儿、那儿,不同文化的差异性越来越小。不同文 化背景下的人面对的是越来越趋同的文化境遇。人与人之 间的沟通倒是变得更便利、有效了。让人忧虑的是,也许 有一天,从地球的这儿到那儿,只存在时差。那时,谁该 欢喜?谁该愁? 顾振清
  • 7. 14 15 In international exchanges, the most active force behind events is the difference in cultures, while the most irreversible force is the process of assimilation. Under globalization, eve- ry popular culture element can explain itself. Even when kee- ping multi-culturalism in mind, the huge difference between the culture ‘here’ and the culture ‘there’ can be eclipsed, overshadowed, and averted, under the notion of the “appre- ciate the exotic”. As the world goes flat, so does its culture. There are significant differences between the Sino-French and Sino-Korean relationships. Historically, China, Korea, and France have developed from different civilizations and cultural traditions. France’s cultural influence on both went up and down as their political influence grew and declined. The cliché perspectives about the East and the West reflect a bias approach of competition between different political powers. “Travels of Marco Polo”, the 13th-century travelogue, is an adventure narrative, a preview from the European perspec- tive on what is “from here to there”. The East is defined as “the other”, something that is not “us”. It is indeed another version of “Alice in Wonderland”. The world of “the other” can be a paradise or an underworld. From the Age of Discovery to the end of colonialism, the world is filled with examples of exploitation, distortion of the local cultures, cultural inva- sions, and forceful cultural assimilation from old Europe. The tendency is to be led by stereotypes first, and only draw on actual experience and analysis later. European-centrism ei- ther depreciates all other cultures, or designates them as di- sasters (for example using the term “Yellow Terror”). It is the iconography of Dr. Fu Manchu, together with this process of Orientalism, that forms a complex historical background for international exchanges. But from China and Korean’s perspective, to examine the West’s history, to analyze today’s France, is a different concept of “from here and there”. The author of “Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms”, Wei Yuan, is the first person to see the world with open eyes, to break through the dualism of the East and the West, and to discard the idea China had as the “Middle Kingdom”. Based on pragmatism, his theory of learning the advanced technologies from the West in order to resist the invasion from the West opened up a new perspective in Chinese at the time. A similar history can be found in Korean; in 1866, the conflict between Korea and the French troops and Christians can be seen as a cultu- ral conflict, with Korean reacting passively. More and more, the idea of “here and there” was manifested as a student- teacher type of exchange, especially for China and Korea. Since the creation of the concept of a “nation”, the map of the world has been divided between the territories of countries, and from these divisions come the problems of the last 100 years. But recently globalization seems to have blurred the boundaries between nations. Following the end of the Cold War, globalization has developed unexpectedly, and ex- changes in various levels between China and France, and between China and Korea have stabilized after centuries of continuous change. The idea of “the other” in different cultures has merged more and more into daily life for the Chinese. The peaceful rise of China and Korea has gradually become the new context for international exchanges. No matter which cultural context one wants to use to see the world, globalization and the Internet have turned our earth into a global village with increasing international exchanges. From one place to another around the earth, there should be difference, but now there is not anything new. Some in- ternational artists even express that time-zones differences are the most distinguishing event they experience when they travel from one place to another. For many cultures with rich, ancient histories and memories, how to engage with the forces of globalization is an inevitable challenge. Coming from a more open-minded and internatio- nal vision, these lengthy civilizations drive towards consis- tent renewal and the construction of new identities. They are consolidating their cultural influence and inner strength.Artists from China, Korea, and France, as well as other countries, all address specific social issues, moving towards their unique realities and cultural histories. This approach signals the vital initiative in generating and disseminating new discourse. It is an artistic strategy to avoid or settle both anxiety and illusion when facing a national cultural heritage. When this artistic strategy is adopted politically, it will become a long-term stra- tegy for both developed and developing countries in sculpting their own multi-culturalism, and provide a challenge to Ame- rican’s singular culture hegemony. It will help more people to be self-aware, and to think independently and critically about possible solutions to social challenges provided by different cultures. In the exhibition “Magiciens de la terre”, as one of the few shows with an international vision, French curator Jean-Hu- bert Martin, presents the idea of contemporary art and mo- dern art co-existing within a multi-cultural context. Artists from China, Korea, and France started to share this interna- tional stage, appreciating each others “exotic” offerings and commentaries on modernity. Within this context no one is at center and no one is at margins. When contemporary and modern art becomes an cultural expression from artists as in- siders or observers, the international art scene is transformed into a competition for power between the different kinds of “others”. Globalization is turning into a self-explanatory event for different nations and cultures. However, the previous po- litical mode of sharing still has influence, resulting in us focu- sing more on how we are the same, rather than on how we are different. Overall, assimilation dominates over difference. Will an artist that comes from this side of the world make sense in contexts different than his/her own culture? What is the real international influence? Should one globalize oneself and make a quick but strong presence in the international art scene? I think it is about how innovative and visionary the artwork is in dealing with contemporary issues. Some art works by Chinese and Korean artists work well when they are shown within their own culture, but they lack innovation and uniqueness when they are transported into a more international context (mostly because their expression or concepts don’t look similar to their counterparts in Europe and the States). Art needs to be specific, and needs to target specific realities within its historic period. Context offers art a reason to be presented or represented. I don’t think similar approaches in art adopted by different artists are necessarily intentional copying, but it seems the odds are there. The va- lue an artwork lies in how well it challenges the most urgent issues with a visionary and unique approach. When it was made, who was the first person to make it; these questions help us to see if a particular work is the most innovative. But the advantage of being the first person doesn’t mean eve- rything, the acceptance of the public is important as well. We see many examples of artists managing to achieve impor- tance by adopting other artist’s inventions, and refining or im- proving them. Artists who come from a bigger range of culture influences may enjoy more notoriety in claiming certain styles or approach compared with artists from less diverse cultural environments (even though the later might have achieved the earlier artistic innovation). In the face of the global consumerism and an attention-orien- ted economy, is the here or there mingling together? No mat- ter where you are, if you are good enough, you will shine through. More and more frequently French artists are coming to China and Korea for cultural exchange, and at the same time, Chinese and Korean artists travel to France for residencies and exhibitions (and these exchanges occur between China and Korea as well). In some cases, artists deliberately move their art between countries without concern that the cultural Between the “Here and There”, are Time-Zones the only Difference Left ? contexts might have shifted by this the change in locations. I see this as a blunt and forceful form of exchange. That is why more and more artists tend to use residency programs to develop exhibitions. Joining residencies to make work has proved to be a fundamental way of creating art that is res- ponsive to a specific location. But it seems the shift in lo- cations is becoming less and less helpful in inspiring artists because of the lack of difference between places. Art events are presented everywhere and they tend to have only minor differences in appearance. Gauguin’s story of fleeing to the tropics to escape European civilization, will not work well in today’s world. The context for international exchange is becoming a trans- cultural and unified context, and the important content of this context is communication influence (how powerful, how fast, and how wide the influence can be). That is why the origina- lity of art creation is threatened by the hierarchy influence. When artists from here are competing with artists from there, it is no longer a competition of “who invent what first”. It is a competition of who resides in the culture that has the most powerful communication system to influence other cultures. The one that is strategically placed internationally and has best position to influence others, will be considered the most valid and powerful. No matter where you are, an artist will be challenged by the issue of “who gets to explain your work”. If you remain si- lence, others will speak on your behalf. No matter how ob- jective others try to be, they are still providing their own view (other than the artist’s). That is why artists need to make works that talk for themselves, and place themselves into an international forum where different contexts can come into play in establishing the value of their works. To be able to explain and describe is only a starting point for artists, but if they are innovative and persistent enough, their ideas and value will gain importance through time, with the possibility of becoming part of history. As things are today, “here” and “there” are similar to each other. People from different cultural background are fa- cing very similar cultural challenges and agendas, and com- munication seems easier and more effective. It concerns me that possibly only time-zone differences are left between dif- ferent parts of the earth. I don’t know which group of people will worry, and which group will celebrate. Gu Zhenqing Chinese Curator / 中国策展人 Gu Zhenqing / 顾振清
  • 8. 16 17 Korean Curator / 韩国策展人 Soukyoun LEE / 李素友 Director of Curatorial Bureau of the SEOUL MUSEUM OF ART / 韩国首尔美术馆首席策展人 The title of the exhibition Here and There reminds us of Iliad and Odyssey; the former, saga of heroes conquering unknown lands would mean ‘there’ while the latter, story of a hero returning home from years of wandering would fit for ‘here’. Therefore, ‘there and here’, reverse of ‘here and there,’ symbolizes ancient nomadic men and globalized modern society at the same time. This, in turn, represents the history of human civilization; wandering for conquers in post-industrial and modernist era represents nomadic world, and the globalized smaller world like in Odyssey’s imagination represents here. As ‘here’ cannot exist without ‘there’, the two are in fact one same force that is being exercised in two opposite ways. No other era in human history has witnessed such frequent moves of people, which brought forward the globalization and is itself a globalization that makes more people cross the border more frequently. If rapidly-grown transportation and communication industry represents nomadism and globalization, it is clear that the two are one but different concept. Like life and death, yin and yang, day and night, or man and woman, the one cannot exist without the other. This truth refers back to the principle that has long governed philosophy, religion and art both in the West and the East. The exhibition Here and there aims to show how contemporary artists represent this perpetual moves and returns. Body sculptures by CHOI Xooang shows what changes the ‘here and there’ philosophy made to the body. Body has been the most common but difficult object to interpret differently, for too many artists have worked on it. It is even dangerous to give new meaning to the body denying its social and historic connotation. For example, changing or damaging body with tattoo has been considered a severe sin in Confucian tradition which treats body as precious heritage from parents. Human body carries with it traces of life and evolution both socially and biologically. It has reacted and adapted to the changes of time. Body of a per- son which has gone through changes with time is the very life of the person. Traces of change carved in the body are inherited to descendants. Moreover, body is aesthetic, for it shows the standard of beauty favored by one nation of a time. Voluptuous bodies are loved in some region and time while thin figures are considered ideal in other region and time. Whatever it would be, human body embodies subject, social, historic and aesthetic values. Therefore, artists must be confident enough in working with human body to cast away doubts and hesitations. Choi Xooang chose to work with human body, an anthropologist subject of the globalized era, in order to present bodies of our time. His bodies are captive to existing values; the more they try to overthrow social convention, the more they get trapped in it. Here, social value seems to mean industrial and commercial value, or pornographic value that treats human bodies as mere commodities. His bodies wish to be heroes; however, in reality, they are old, bound at social convention, or controlled against their will. Excessive meaning and exposure of body often force the artist to sacrifice the form and end with monumental ‘ugly statues.’ In his bodies, wishes for beauty would mean ab- surdity, and nostalgia for classic bodies of goddess or he- roes would be mere foolish thought. The artist pities this passive body that suffers as the meaning suppresses the form. Here and there then leads the viewers to the dark world of Kim Jongku, where shadows of the future seem to look back on the past. The artist illustrates the world seen by no one so far. The artist, like poet of Plato, guides the viewers to the world of idea with song, stormy wind, smelting fur- nace, silence of autumn sky, or chilly wind of winter. To the artist, ‘here’ is the present we are trapped in, and ‘there’ is the remote past and the far-off future at the same time. Our five senses, a legendary bird spreading its wings over the four-dimensional time, embrace the world with one single flap. Kim’s iron dust is a metaphor for time. Every his act of grinding iron bar to dust, writing or painting with dust, and installing and photographing dust is embodied in his lands- cape that represents different time and space the human race has gone through. Inside his landscape, time stands still and controls our consciousness within the wheel of life. To LEE Seahyun, the conflict implied in Here and there is transformed to cultural homogeneity and heterogeneity. He traces back to the frustration he encounters when the unconsciousness rises into the consciousness and works with this emotion. To the artist, all the reality he has to face is sad destiny; two Koreas as well as cultural and politi- cal reality he cannot resist has become daily reality and thus forgotten from the consciousness. However, he gets a shock when he suddenly faces the forgotten destiny or the erased consciousness. This painful destiny fails to be- come joy that transcends time and space; it only makes the life bitter. When the space of his life is suddenly per- ceived as that of others, reality becomes painful, and the artist paints it with red color that represents strange but one strong force. Single red color means that the artist is so paralyzed with deep shock that he cannot move toward the true ‘there.’ Belonging to neither here nor there, the eyes of the sad wanderer seek new ways inside the labyrinth, but it can never go beyond any given social and cultural boundaries. This is the very cultural exchanges between the nations, the two Koreas, and the East and the West. To Lee Seahyun, other culture is always a stranger that suppresses and threatens him. That is, the space of absurd reality. Soukyoun LEE 此次展览的标题《这/那,变动的世界》,让我 们想起了伊利亚特和奥德赛:前者,英雄征战 疆场的传奇引领我们追溯到“那时”的故事; 而后者,多年后英雄回归故里又将我们的视线 拉回到“这一刻”。于是,“那时与这一刻” ,颠倒顺序即是“这与那”, 既象征着古老的 游牧世界同时又象征着全球化的现代社会。反 之,它也代表着人类文明的历史,在后工业和 现代主义时代四处去征服所展现的游牧世界, 以及奥德赛想象中日益变小的全球化的当今世 界。由于“当下”与“那时”相互依存,二者 实际上是向相反方向作用的同一个力量。人类 历史上没有哪一个时代经历了如此频繁的人口 流动,并直接导致更多人口更加频繁流动的全 球化。如果说迅速增长的交通和通信业代表了 游牧思想和全球化,很显然,二者本为一体却 概念不同。如同生与死,阴和阳,日与昼,男 人与女人,二者相互依存。这一真相可以追溯 到长期统治西方和东方的哲学,宗教和艺术的 根源。本次展览取名为:这/那,变动的世界, 旨在显示当代艺术家如何展现这种永无休止的 运动与回归。 崔秀仰先生的人体雕塑展现的是“这与那”的 哲学思想在人体上的体现。用人体进行不同的 艺术表达是众多艺术家广泛采纳的做法,司空 见惯却困难重重。不考虑社会和历史内涵而赋 予人体以新的意义有时甚至是危险的。例如, 儒家传统认为身体是父母给与的宝贵财产,用 图腾来改变或损害身体是一个严重的罪过。人 体带有生命与进化的痕迹,体现了其社会性和 生物性。它反应和适应了时代的变迁。经历时 代变迁的人体才称得上人真正的生命。体内所 留下的变化的痕迹被子子孙孙所传承。不仅如 此,人体也具有其审美性。它显示了一个时期 内一个民族所青睐的审美标准。体态丰满在某 一时期某一区域内被人们所推崇;而在另一 时期另一区域内,人们认为理想的体型是纤细 和苗条。不论是燕肥还是柳廋,人体体现了主体,社会,历 史和美学价值。因此,艺术家在创造人体作品时必须充满信 心,摒弃怀疑和犹豫不决。崔秀仰先生选择了人体进行艺术 创作,来展现我们这一时代的人体。他的人体作品受制于现 有的价值观,愈是试图挣脱,愈是深陷其中。这里,社会价 值似乎意味着工业和商业价值,或者将人体视为单纯商品的 肉体价值。他的人体作品希望能塑造成英雄,但在现实观念 中,它始终是因循守旧、受制于社会成约,与意愿背道而驰 的。诸多的涵义和暴露的人体迫使艺术家牺牲了形式本身, 最终行成的是“丑陋的雕塑”。在他的作品中,对美的祝愿 变得荒谬可笑,对女神或英雄的经典的怀旧情愫成了愚蠢的 想法。艺术家十分同情这个备受压抑的可怜雕塑人体。 “这与那”将人们引领到了金钟久先生黑暗的艺术世界。在 那里回首过去之时似乎能预见未来的影子。金钟久先生述说 着一个迄今没有人看到的世界。艺术家如同诗人柏拉图通常 会给观众呈现出以动听的歌声,呼啸的暴风,燃烧的火炉, 秋日的静寂天空和冬日的寒风凛冽为主题的世界。对艺术家 来说,‘这’即指我们深陷的现实泥潭,而‘那’意味着遥 远的过去和难以企及的未来。金钟久用铁屑来暗指时间。他 将铁杵磨成屑,在他的风景画上用铁屑来书写、绘画、装置 和摄影,以此来展现人们经历的时间和空间。在他的风景画 作品里,时间虽然是静止的,却始终在生命的年轮中控制着 我们的意识。 对于李时焕而言,“这与那”在他的作品中表现为文化同质 性和异质性的冲突。在这里,他追溯了他在无意识变成有意 识的状况下曾遭遇过的沮丧,以及带着这样的情感他继续着 他的创作。对于这位艺术家而言,南韩与北朝鲜之间的政治 文化冲突是他每天都能接触到的现实,他也完全能够有意识 地在生活中遗忘这个冲突的存在。然而,当他突然面对着这 些被遗忘、被消隐的问题时,他还是震惊、痛苦。李时焕用 神秘而剧烈的红色来绘制这幅作品,这单一的红色表达了艺 术家在强烈的震撼面前软弱无力以至无法达到真实的“那” 。艺术家寻找着新的出路,但却永远无法超越特定社会和文 化的界限。这国与国之间,两个朝鲜之间以及东方与西方之 间的交流,让李时焕感觉,对方的文化总带来异样感、压抑 感,时而让人感觉是一个无法理解的荒谬的世界。
  • 9. 18 19 이수균, 서울시립미술관 학예부장 <여기와 저기Here and There>, 본 전시 제목은 ‘호머 의 ‘일리아드’와 ‘오디세이’를 생각나게 한다. 일리아드 가 낯선 세계를 정복하기 위한 영웅들의 모험담이기에 이것은 ‘저기There’에 해당될 것이고, 오디세이는 고향 과 집을 떠나 멀리 방황하던 영웅의 귀향 이야기이니 ‘ 여기Here’가 어울릴 것이다. 그러니까 여기와 저기를 뒤집은 ‘저기와 여기’의 이야기는 과거 노메이드적인 nomadic 인간들의 상징이며, 동시에 글로벌화된 현재 사회의 상징이 되니, 다시 돌아보면 고대로부터 현재까 지 전체 인류 문명의 상징이기도 한 것이다. 즉 모더니 즘의 세계에서 밖으로 미지의 세계를 정복하러 떠돌던 시기는 바로 노메이드적인nomadic 세계, 바로 우리 인 류가 얼마 전까지 살았던 산업사회와 모더니즘의 세계 인 반면, 글로벌화는 세계가 좁게, 지구촌이라는 작은 공간 속으로 변모하는 것이니, 오디세이의 상상처럼 여 기를 지칭한다. 그러나 언뜻 보면, 두 개의 힘이 나눠진 것 같지만, 하나가 없으면 또 다른 하나도 존재할 수가 없으니 결국은 똑 같은 하나의 힘이 두 개의 정 반대되 는 방식으로 표출되고 있음도 알 수 있다. 그리고 오늘 날처럼 사람들의 이동이 잦은 적도 없었고, 이러한 잦은 이동으로 말미암아 세계화가 앞당겨졌으며, 나아가 이 동 자체를 세계화로 지칭할 수도 있다. 역으로 세계화되 었기 때문에 사람들은 더욱 더 대량으로 그리고 자주 국 경을 넘나들기도 한다. 게다가 급격하게 발달한 교통과 정보 통신 그 자체가 바로 노메이디즘nomadism과 세 계화의 표상이라는 것도 둘이 하나이면서 다른 것임을 더욱 뚜렷이 해준다. 그것은 다시 생과 사, 음과 양, 밤 과 낮, 여성과 남성처럼 하나가 없으면 다른 상대도 존 재할 수 없는 우주의 깊은 원리와도 같으니, 결국은 동 양이나 서양에서 오래 전부터 철학과 종교 예술을 주재 하던 깊은 사상으로 되돌아가고 있음도 부정할 수 없다. 이러한 움직이면서 다시 원래로 회귀하는 상황을 현대 예술가들은 어떻게 표상하고 있는가를 직시하고자 하는 것이 우리 전시의 목적이다. 최수앙CHOI Xooang의 몸은 우리 신체에 적용된 ‘여기 와 저기’의 한 변화를 느낄 수 있게 한다. 몸은 역사적으로, 세계적으로 가장 공통되고 다루기 까 다로운 예술적 소재이다. 왜냐하면 너무나 많은 예술가 들이 몸을 다뤄왔고, 그런 만큼 새로운 해석의 예술적 특이성을 드러내기가 정말 어렵기 때문이다. 또한 몸에 는 사회적, 역사적 고정 관념이 이미 강하게 내재돼 있 어 그것을 거역하고, 넘어서서 새로운 의미를 부여한다 는 것이 위험스럽기까지 하다. 예를 들어 유교적 전통에 서 몸은 부모로부터 물려받은 귀한 것이라 머리카락 하 나 함부로 다룰 수 없기에, 문신 등으로 몸을 변형, 훼 손시키는 것을 큰 죄악으로 여겨왔다. 사회적 차원을 넘 어 생태적으로도 몸에는 인간 진화와 삶의 흔적이 그대 로 남아 있다. 즉 인간의 몸은 시대의 변화에 시시각각 반응하고 적응해 왔다. 태어나 나이가 들어가면서 세월 과 함께 한 몸과 그 변화의 모습은 그 자체가 인간의 삶이기 도 한 것이다. 그리고 그 흔적은 무의식적으로 몸에 남아 후 대에 유전되어 내려간다. 뿐만 아니라 몸은 미학적이기도 하 다. 몸에는 한 시대와 민족이 아름답거나 이상적으로 여기는 미의 기준도 포함되기 때문이다. 풍만한 몸을 지향하는 시대 와 지역이 있고, 반대로 마른 몸매를 이상으로 삼기도 한다. 어찌 되었던 몸에는 우리의 주관적이고 사회적인, 그리고 역 사적이며 미학적인 의미가 담뿍 담기게 된다. 그런 만큼 예술 가가 몸을 제시할 때는 예술가의 확고한 신념이 모든 의구심 과 망설임을 제압할 수 있을 정도로 확고해야 한다. 최수앙은 글로벌리즘 시대에 범인류적 주제인 몸을 선택해, 현재 우리 사회와 전 인류가 겪고 있는 우리 시대 몸을 적나 라하게 노출한다. 그의 몸은 평범하고 어수룩해 보이면서 사 회적 통념을 거역하고자 하지만 그럴수록 더욱더 기존의 가 치 속에 갇히게 되는 포로로 잡힌 몸이다. 여기서 사회적 가 치란 산업적이고 상업적인 가치, 더 나아가 몸을 상품으로 취 급하는 포르노적인 가치가 아닐까? 항상 최고의 주인공으로 서 영웅이고 싶지만 힘없는 늙고, 낡은 가치에 찌들었거나, 자신의 의지와는 무관한 채 조종당하기도 하는 그런 몸이다. 그리고 의미의 과잉과 과도한 노출은 때로는 형태에 피할 수 없는 희생을 강요하고, 그 희생은 바로 기념비적 ‘흉물 조각 상’의 형태로 형상화되기도 한다. 그의 몸에서는 아름답고자 하는 꿈도 사치인양 느껴지고, 여신이나 영웅의 고전적인 몸 에 대한 향수도 어릿광대 짓에 불과하다. 의미가 형태를 제압 해버리는 그만큼 피동적인 몸의 고통이 절실해 보이고, 예술 가의 연민이 함께 느껴진다. <여기와 저기>는 다시 시간적으로 김종구KIM Jongku의 검 고 어두운 세계, 미래의 그림자들이 과거를 응시하는 듯한 착 각을 불러일으키게 한다. 화가는 미쳐 아무도 보지 못했던 세 계를 그림으로 보여준다. 즉 플라톤이 시인에게 부여한 역할, 힐끗 보았던 절대의 세계, 이데아의 세계를 우리들에게 노래 로써, 때로는 휘몰아치는 폭풍처럼, 때로는 타오르는 용광로 처럼, 때로는 쓸쓸한 가을 하늘같은 조용함으로, 아니면 삭 막한 겨울의 삭풍으로 드러내 보여준다. 김종구에게 ‘여기’ 는 우리가 지금 갇혀 있는 현재이고, ‘저기’는 아득한 과거이 면서 똑같이 아득한 미래이기도 하다. 우리의 오감은 4차원 의 시간 위에 거대하게 날개를 편 전설의 새가 되어 단 한 번 의 날갯짓으로 세계를 아우른다. 김종구의 쇳가루는 인류 시 간의 은유이기 때문이다. 철봉을 갈아 쇳가루를 만들고, 그 것으로 문자를 쓰고 그림을 그리며, 설치하고, 사진을 찍는 모든 행위들이 인류가 지나온 다른 공간들과 시간들로서 그 의 풍경 속에 한꺼번에 녹아 있다. 그의 묵직한 풍경 속에 정 지된 시간이 한없이 순환하는 윤회의 흐름 속에서 우리의 의 식을 주조한다. 이세현LEE Seahyun에게는 <여기와 저기>의 대립 각이 문화 적 동질감과 이질감으로 변환되어 형상화되었다. 그러면서 그는 의식하지 못했던 것이 순간 의식의 전면으로 떠올랐을 때의 당혹감을 회고적으로 거슬러 올라가, 다시 그 속에 전체 적으로 투신해보고자 한다. 그에게는 우선 남과 북으로 분리 된 한국의 정치적 상황, 또는 자신의 의지와 상관없이 주어진 모든 문화적, 정치적 현실이 뼈아픈 운명처럼 짓누른다. 그리 고 그것은 이미 우리의 일상이 되어 의식 속에서 지워져 버렸 다. 그리고 어느 순간 그는 지워진 운명과, 혹은 지워진 의식과 순간적으로 대면하며 충격을 받는다. 그것은 고통의 형태로 자 리를 잡고 시간과 공간을 뛰어넘는 환희로 전환되지 못한다. 오 히려 생의 질곡을 더욱 뼈저리게 느끼게 할 따름이다. 내가 살 고 있던 생의 공간이 한 순간 다른 것으로, 나를 받아들이지 않 는 공간으로 인식되면서, 여기도 고통스럽고 저기도 고통스러 운 현실이 되어, 낯설고 강렬한 하나의 힘인 붉은 색으로 채색 된다. 색이 분화되지 못한다는 것은 그만큼 깊은 충격으로 마 비가 되어 있다는 것이고, 그런 만큼 진정한 ‘저기’를 향하여 나 아가질 못하고 답답하게 갇혀버리게 된다. <여기와 저기> 어 느 곳에도 적응하거나 동화되지 못하고 모든 곳에서 국외자로 남아 있음으로 해서, 시선은 깊은 상실감으로 인해 길을 잃고 방황하며, 복잡한 미로 속에서 한없는 새 길을 모색하고 있다. 그러나 언제나 엄격하게 닫혀있는, 단정하게 선 그어진 사회적 범주, 문화적 한계 안에서이다. 그것이 이세현이 본 국가간의 문화적 교류이고, 남북의 왕래이며, 동서 문명의 세계화이다. 그에게서 타 문화는 여전히 이질적인 존재로서, 영원히 동화되 지 못하는 낯선 공기처럼 압박적이고 위협적이다. 한마디로 부 조리한 현실의 공간 개념이다. Korean Curator / 韩国策展人 Soukyoun LEE / 李素友
  • 10. 20 21 Cyril Le Van 的作品表现表象这个主题。通 过使用印有广告的防雨布,对诸如手提袋、 名牌鞋、运动服装等物品进行复制,去除了 物品的原有价值,却复制了它们所具有的外 在特征。 艺术家所思考的问题是如何分辨物品的商品 性和它的艺术性?他在质疑我们对于所看到 和所期望的物品间的关系。 艺术家同时也在尝试发掘某种表现形式,能 够将物品的“社会归属性”,(即能够体现 人们的社会归属关系的性质),从物品的“ 消费品性”(即作为生活必需品满足人们的 原始需求的性质)中剥离出来。 这个装置让人们思考与我们的消费方式相关 联的物品社会价值和特征。 Cyril Le Van / Second hand shop Left page : Sneakers Adidas, 2009 Printing on plastic canvas, staples, varnish, scale 1 Hand bag Vuitton, 2008 Printing on plastic canvas, sewing, staples, varnish, wire, scale 1 The work of Cyril Le Van plays on the appearance. By using wa- terproof cloth printed with advertisements, he duplicates objects such as handbags, brandy footwear and sportswear, devalues their original values while keeping their appearances. The artist works on differentiating the artistic value of a product from its commercial value. He is questioning the relationship between what we see and what we expect. The artist is at the same time exploring new way of expression, trying to take out the identity of social belonging of an object, the identity that reflects people’s attachment to the society, from its commercial characteristic, the characteristic of a life ne- cessity that fullfill peolpe’s original demand. This installation let us ponder on the social value and characteris- tic of objects which relate to our habit of consumption. ARTOR ARTEFACT?
  • 11. 22 23 Cyril Le Van Cyril Le Van, artiste émergent de la scène française, né en banlieue parisienne, s’ins- pire de l’espace urbain et des stéréotypes qui environnent le quotidien. Ces objets à la fois sensibles et décalés questionnent sur les paradoxes et les contrastes sociaux qui per- durent à notre époque. Dès la fin des années quatre-vingt, sa dé- marche s’oriente vers l’espace urbain. Il inscrit alors au pochoir des formes géomé- triques rouges et jaunes qui deviendront sa signature. Les marginalités sociales, écono- miques et culturelles sont les territoires d’ex- périmentation de l’artiste. Les images et les objets qui peuplent notre quotidien sont au coeur de son propos artistique. Puisant ses thèmes dans la précarité et les inégalités sociales, sa réflexion se matéria- lise par la reproduction de symboles sté- réotypés à l’échelle 1 : laverie automatique, voitures, chappy, matelas de centre d’accueil pour sdf, ainsi que des vêtements (vestes de sport,maillots et baskets) utilisés comme marqueurs sociaux. Les objets produits et reproduits subissent une série de détournements, d’altérations, de modifications, qui au delà d’une simple at- teinte à la représentation, révèle ce qui fonde la nature même de l’image. Ses oeuvres appellent à deux lectures: La première est esthétique et ludique : l’ar- tiste dévoile les qualités plastiques de ces éléments du réel en soulignant leur beauté et leur poésie. La seconde est de l’ordre du constat et du témoignage social et politique. Chappy, 2009-2010 Printing on plastic canvas, 150x35 cm Street wear, installation, 2009 Printing on plastic canvas, sewing, staples, varnish, scale 1
  • 12. 24 25 Pierre Millotte Daniel A. , 2008 Acrylic canvas on wood, 130x38 cm photo and text 20x20 cm Anne-Marie T., 1951... Acrylic canvas on wood 177x75 cm. Pierre Millotte 的作品关注空间与时间 这些作品中很重要的一部分是在图形化和几何化的城 市平面图的基础上创作的。图上有彩色的街道;街道 上的居民——作品的主体——在他们的生命过程中, 在他们代表的城市中熟睡。 Pierre Millotte专门为《这/那,变动的世界》这个展览 创作了该幅作品。作品描绘了来自法国、中国和韩国 的三个人物频繁往返于各自国家和法国之间。 这些旅行以时间表的方式表现:这些“时间面”(sur- face-temps)真实描绘出一个人在一年内的行程轨 迹。 Pierre Millotte的作品与现实紧密结合,他提出将现实 抽象化,以几何构成表现真实的运动、空间和时间, 其具体体现就是以地形图化的人像作品呈现人的运 动。 The work of Pierre Millotte focuses on space and time. An important part of these works is made on the basis of diagrammed city plans, in which appeared in color, the streets where the person, subject of the table, slept in his life in the city represented. For the exhibition “Here-There. The World in Motion”, Pierre Millotte will create portrait of French, Chinese and Korean in their travels between their own country and France. These travels appear in the form of timelines: The time surfaces faithfully retrace the movements of a person during one year. Working in direct contact with the reality, Pierre Millotte offers an abstraction of the reality in its movement, its space and time represented by a geometrical compo- sition, which reveals a topographical portrait, pictoriali- zing the movements of men in the world. FREEDOMORCONTROL?
  • 13. 26 27 Pierre Millotte Une couleur, un lieu, une date. Une autre couleur, un autre lieu, une autre date. De proche en proche, les couleurs se fondent ou s’opposent, et sculp- tent sur la toile non pas le corps d’un individu, mais la mémoire de ses dé- placements. Comme des biographies picturales, Calendriers et Parcours de vie traduisent en couleur la chrono- logie des mouvements d’un individu. Rouge Paris, Bretagne bleue, violette Alsace, Corse orangée, la palette de l’artiste renvoie ainsi à un découpage géographique du territoire. Territoire et réalité qui ressurgissent parfois dans les documents pouvant accompagner les tableaux : textes, photos des lieux, portraits. Ce souci constant d’inventorier et de garder trace de nos vies se retrouve dans toute l’oeuvre de Pierre Millotte, comme dans cette série plus ancienne qui, sous forme de plans de ville, re- cense les lieux de sommeil de diverses personnes. Là encore, la peinture se met au service d’une biographie sa- vamment codifiée et laisse l’éclatement des couleurs insuffler aux tableaux une respiration lumineuse et joyeuse. Que les systèmes de représentations soient chronologiques ou topogra- phiques, leur force expressive se me- sure à l’aulne des séries qui en dé- coulent et des surprises qu’elles nous réservent. Xavier Glikson Claude C., 1963… , 2009 Acrylic canvas on wood, 138x75 cm Left page : Didier M., 1967… , 2009 Acrylic canvas on wood, 129x75 cm Derrière la couleur, des journaux intimes par Xavier Glikson
  • 14. 28 29 Laurent Da sylva / On dirait la mer The globalization is being tested by a pa- radox. Firstly, it ensures the presence of the Other by naming it and locating it in its cultural and geographical distance (some- times, at the risk of strengthening a sense of identity). Secondly, it catches the Other as part of all. Using sound as a process of disorientation, the proposition of Lawrence Da Sylva will prove the same paradox. The installation «It’s called the sea» intends to question poetically and phonically the otherness of objects by opening the universality of perception facing the contemplation of the ocean. The element that underlies the dialogue is the landscape. Two conceptions confront: a Western perspective where nature is Variations, 2007 series of 12 inkjet prints on plastic canvas Untitled (On dirait la mer / It looks like the sea), 2007 Sound installation 60x300x300 cm 全球化的说法经常遭遇悖论。一方面,其 他人的存在是以对其命名和通过对他的地 理位置和文化特征的定位为基础的(也存 在着强化个性特征的危险),另一方面, 它也使得整体当中的每个个体变得渺小。 Laurent Da sylva 的作品通过声音造成的 方向迷失表现一个相同的悖论。《好像是 大海》装置用充满诗意和声音的方式,通 过面对大海的想象,找到对一种事物的普 遍认知,来提问物体的别样性。 风景引发对话。东西方两种理念相对照: 西方观点倾向于拥有自然并改造自然,东 方观点是与自然的恒久互动,寻找两者之 间的平衡。 在表达方式上也是两种风格:西方以模 仿、再现现实为基础,东方要经过现实而 超越现实。 subject to appropriation and transfor- mation, and an Eastern point of view which promotes a continuous interac- tion with the environment, searching the natural balances. Two models of representation are opposite: the West is based on lami- mésis, the illusionistic representation of reality; while the Orient transcends the realism. SEEOR PERCEIVE?
  • 15. 30 31 On dirait la mer est une installation sonore qui utilise le bruitage comme processus de désorientation. Elle ques- tionne le potentiel d’altérité, ici des objets, en ouvrant sur une universalité de perception face à la contemplation de l’océan. Six agitateurs sanguins alignés au sol supportent des plateaux sur lesquels roulent des billes entraînées par le mouvement pendulaire des machines. Le roulement des billes reproduit le son du sac et ressac des vagues. L’élément sur lequel se fonde le dialogue est le paysage. Deux conceptions se confrontent : un point de vue occi- dental où la nature est objet de conquête et de domination et un point de vue oriental qui favorise une interaction per- manente avec l’environnement, une recherche des équi- libres naturels. Deux modèles de représentation se font face : l’Occident se fonde sur la mimésis, la représentation illusionniste du réel. La Chine quant à elle transcende le réalisme. Là ou la mimésis semble clore la représentation, l’art chinois ouvre l’espace sur un vide conçu comme potentiel en attente, présence en puissance de toutes les qualités susceptibles d’actualisation. L’échange se poursuit alors par l’avènement des possibles : dans mon intervention, la présence de la cimaise devant laquelle sont posés les machines. Support de projection mentale. Lieu d’appa- rition. On songe au templum que traçait l’augure romain dans le ciel, un espace consacré qui a donné son nom à la contemplation, contemplation qui est faite de temps et d’attente du regard pour que se manifeste, dans mon travail, l’image sonore. La globalisation est mise à l’épreuve d’un paradoxe. Ce- pendant, ce paradoxe marque les conditions de l’échange. Il autorise à considérer l’Autre comme un partenaire égal, de mesurer et questionner les limites de sa propre culture et d’instaurer un dialogue visant l’invention commune de référents et de modèles. L’identité de La Chine est le résultat d’une synthèse. Ses appartenances culturelles sont multiples. Elle a su s’inven- ter au contact d’autrui dans un va et vient entre sa tradition propre et ce qui pouvait la nourrir. Elle s’est réinterprétée sans se désapprendre, en conservant une culture ances- trale et ce travail de transformation pourrait avoir valeur universelle. Cette “stratégie du retour au même par le biais de l’altérité” (Benoît verbomanie) souligne un phénomène qui voit se télescoper la Chine séculaire et celle futuriste. Une collision entre l’Autrefois et le Maintenant où les pra- tiquants de gymnastique millénaire et les buildings en construction coexistent. Une même contradiction apparaît dans “On dirait la mer” par la mise en présence du son et de ce qui le produit. Le son remplit l’espace d’un élément physiquement absent dont la présence n’est assurée que par la mémoire. Une image men- tale s’avance contredite par la machine qui elle renvoie à un autre lieu que la neutralité de l’installation rejoue : la solidité de l’image est mise en jeu. Ce recyclage poétique” (Pierre Restany), cette reprogrammation de la fonction de l’objet au service de l’illusion éprouve la “stratégie du même par le biais de l’altérité”. Le déplacement spatial et mental se heurte à la présence de la machine qui ne rend pas moins opérante l’image du son. Et puisque les “mots” font les “choses”, il faut reconnaître qu’on dirait la mer. La globalisation est mise à l’épreuve d’un paradoxe et les interactions qu’elle permet ne peuvent être réduites à la mise en commun de quelques petits dénominateurs communs. Le questionnement réciproque doit permettre d’identifier les problèmes et d’affronter ensemble les enjeux d’aujourd’hui. Ma proposition envisageait le dialogue autour du paysage, il peut être étendu à l’environnement. La protection de l’en- vironnement est désormais un problème mondial, un enjeu majeur et cette “connivence” qu’entretient la Chine avec lui peut éclairer. A ce titre les ressources qu’offre la pensée taoïste dans son rapport à la nature, à l’environnement peuvent encore une fois revêtir valeur universelle. On dirait la mer émet un doute sitôt énoncé. Paysage mé- canisé, il s’avance comme représentation : il tient lieu de et remplace l’absente. Distopie, scénario catastrophe où le réel ne serait plus appréhendable qu’à travers son double artifi- ciel, à l’image d’une mondialisation qui ne serait que la pâle copie d’elle même si elle ne créait pas le lien nécessaire, l’espace tiers propice à la prospection, l’innovation et à la créativité. Laurent Da sylva La Fabbrica, 2007 Video and sound installation
  • 16. 32 33 Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis / Socles Placing a cornerstone under the sculpture gives the works some ar- tistic value. However as the time goes, the cornerstones that once served the sculpture surpass the works itself. This is ″Cornerstone″ by Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis, built with cornerstones gathering together and in general, they are merely used to represent the value of sculp- ture and help with sculpture’s artistic expression. Piles of cornerstones show the landscape of modern city which is composed of buildings and skyscrapers. The installation of cornerstones represents two different kinds of ar- chitectural concepts. They appear to be opposite to each other but within the cultural interchange, they built up a new form of contempo- rary architecture. Asian architectures – some of them have history of over 2000 years – have a characteristic of emphasising on the horizontal scale, however western architectures emphasis more on height and depth. The sculpture Cornerstone shows the cultural exchange empha- sised by contemporary architecture, as well as the social exchange between economic and art world. Socles, 2009 Wood, 150x300x400 cm Espace/Temps #2, 2008 / Courtesy Galerie Triple V Wood, 120x80x120 cm 在雕塑下方放置底座使雕塑具有了艺术价 值。但随着时代的发展,服务于雕塑的底 座有时甚至超过了雕塑本身。这就是作品 《基石》,Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis 的艺 术创作。该雕塑是由数个底座组成的,这 些底座在通常意义上仅仅用于展现雕塑的 价值和赋予其艺术品的地位。 基石的堆积展现了由大小建筑和高楼大厦 构成的现代城市建设图景。这些基石的布 置同时展现了两种不同的建筑理念。它们 最初貌似相互对立,但是在内在文化的交 互中创造了当代建筑的新形式。 亚洲建筑——其中某些建筑已经有了超过 2000年的历史——具有强调水平方向规 模的特点,而西方建筑则侧重于体现高度 和深度。 雕塑《基石》体现了由当代建筑强调的文 化交流,同时也包含了经济世界和艺术领 域间的社会交流 FULLOR EMPTY?
  • 17. 34 35 Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis Le projet de sculpture de Pierre Ravelle- Chapuis pour le monastère de Brou appar- tient à cette classe d’objets qu’un critique d’art avait qualifiée autrefois d’objets « an- xieux », autrement dit dont la nature hésite entre l’objet ordinaire et l’œuvre d’art à la fonction purement symbolique. Est-ce vrai- ment une sculpture ? Ou bien une sorte d’outil, une structure de chantier, comme peut le laisser entendre son échelle et sa forme, qui en font la réplique d’éléments d’échafaudage réels ? Le matériau dans lequel est réalisée la sculpture (de la pierre de Bourgogne taillée) est aberrant pour un échafaudage et, dans le même temps, « à sa place » dans le cadre du Monastère de Brou, comme si l’œuvre était une sorte de caméléon appli- qué à la surface du bâtiment, dupliquant son aspect. Le fait que l’échafaudage soit réa- lisé en pierre de taille supprime sa fonction et le transforme en une sorte d’image. Une autre incongruité qui donne à l’œuvre son caractère paradoxal réside dans le fait que le matériau et la technique de fabrication ré- pondent aux critères anciens tandis que la forme, elle, est contemporaine. La chose représentée – un échafaudage – évoque l’édification du bâtiment lui-même et, à ce titre, l’œuvre peut être mise en pa- rallèle avec la peinture ancienne. Le renvoi à la construction du bâtiment est comme une mise en avant des moyens de l’art com- parable aux trompe-l’œil des maîtres an- ciens (et les maîtres hollandais en premier lieu, les primitifs flamands contemporains des architectes de la construction du Mo- nastère de Brou) qui représentaient dans les moindres détails le cadre du tableau, quand ils ne représentaient pas son envers avec une perfection illusionniste, mais aussi les peintres modernes soulignant la maté- rialité de ce qui fait la peinture – châssis laissé apparent, ou marques os- tensibles de l’application de la peinture (coups de brosses, coulures de peinture). Du fait de son sujet, la sculpture suggère également un lien avec l’avènement de mo- tifs triviaux en art, comme la représentation des travailleurs (en premier lieu les casseurs de pierres de Gustave Courbet), par lesquels l’art moderne s’est distingué de l’art néo-classique. Représenter un élément de chantier, c’est montrer le travail qui a été nécessaire à l’édifi- cation du bâtiment sur lequel cette même représentation est appliquée, d’une certaine façon. C’est aussi une ruse par rapport à la fascination qu’a toujours exercée la virtuosité technique, ou simplement les heures de travail accumu- lées, sur le sujet ou « concept » d’une œuvre. (Un phénomène qui explique largement le peu d’engouement pour l’art récent, suspecté de paresse, voire de fumisterie.) Du fait de sa technique et de son matériau, mimant la maîtrise d’ouvrage du Moyen-âge, l’installation se met à l’abri de cette critique, tout en étant d’une nature très différente. Le rapport au bâtiment ancien est prosaïque, au sens où il évoque le travail de construction – et peut être compris comme un hommage à celui-ci. En cet autre sens, l’installation peut également être vue comme un clin d’œil à une autre tradition, celle de l’art dit « construit » ou « constructif ». Olivier Mosset avançait il y a quelques années cette hypothèse que la peinture en bâtiment était peut-être la forme de peinture la plus radicale aujourd’hui, eu égard, justement, à cette tradition de l’art constructiviste, qui aspirait à l’in- tégration de l’art dans la réalité au travers de l’architecture, notamment. Au Moyen-âge, l’art sculpté était conçu en parfaite intégration avec le bâtiment. Il n’était pas un surplus symbolique, mais une partie intégrante de l’architec- ture. Depuis, cette intégration de la sculpture à l’architecture s’est progressi- vement disloquée, l’ornement devenant un acces- soire symbolique rapporté à la façade. En plaquant l’échafaudage sur la façade du cloître, ce sont ces deux moments de l’histoire des rapports entre art et architecture qui sont évoqués. Si les peintres en bâtiment constituent aujourd’hui une profession très répandue, il n’existe par contre plus aucun « sculpteur en bâtiment ». Mais si ce métier paraît incongru aujourd’hui, il était par contre naturel à l’époque où fût édifié le monastère, à une époque où la statuaire n’existait que par rapport à un site déterminé. La proposition de Pierre Ravelle- Chapuis pour le monastère de Brou est pour cette raison un rappel de cette sujétion de l’art au bâ- timent, à l’architecture. L’installation proposée est une œuvre in situ, c’est-à-dire pensée spécifique- ment par rapport à un lieu. Elle ne se comprend que par rapport à ce lieu, sa signification n’est pas indépendante de son inscription dans ce site parti- culier. Mais si la sculpture entre en résonance avec le cadre du monastère de Brou, ça n’est pas de la manière désormais convenue qui est devenue un des lieux communs de l’art in situ, censé révéler le « génie du lieu », et se servant du lieu en question comme d’un écrin valorisant pour l’œuvre. À la fois discrète et incongrue, la présence de la sculpture ouvre des perspectives historiques sur ce que fut la fonction de la sculpture et de l’archi- tecture, mais aussi sur la façon dont nous envi- sageons aujourd’hui notre rapport à l’art passé et Monastère de Brou, de Pierre Ravelle-Chapuis Analyse de Vincent Pécoil Untitled (Une Bouteille à la Mer / A Bottle in the Sea), 2008 Prix international de sculpture Noilly-Prat 2008 Earth/Grass, 60x800x1500 cm Untitled (Échafaudage / Scaffolding), 2009 / Courtesy Galerie Triple V Steel Structure / Pierre de Bourgogne, 350x90x210 cm présent. Le sujet de la sculpture est en fin de compte le bâtiment (le monastère) « en tant que nous le concevons communément comme une partie du “ patrimoine ” ». L’échafaudage, en évoquant les travaux de réfection structurelle ou de ravalement, évoque le travail continu de restauration dont les bâti- ments exceptionnels de cette époque font l’objet. L’intervention propo- sée est subtile : ni cosmétique, ni capitalisation sur le génie du lieu, la sculpture ouvre une réflexion sur la place que nous accordons respec- tivement à la création et au patrimoine dans notre société. Est-ce que l’attention que nous portons aux vestiges de l’art ancien peut s’exprimer autrement que sur le mode de la conservation et de la restauration ? Est-ce seulement à ce rôle que nous devons confiner l’art (être un « monument », autrement dit un rappel de quelque chose de passé, de révolu ; témoigner, être un vestige) ? L’œuvre évoque la « restauration », ce qui se comprend aussi au sens de retour à un état antérieur. Mais elle n’est pas passéiste pour autant. Résolument contemporaine, elle est simultanément un hommage à une forme révolue, et une réflexion sur ce que nous attendons de l’art aujourd’hui. Vincent Pécoil
  • 18. 36 37 Li Qing / 李青 局部软化的乒乓球桌和陷落其中的球,将游戏置入一 种不寻常的难度中。狭义的游戏总是流于简单,而广 义的游戏模式却可以对应更多的现实情景,例如带陷 阱的乒乓桌所对应的对抗双方各执一词的偏执,观点 在不同文化背景中的陷落和无效,阴谋与阳谋。游戏 的难度在于不同立场、不同人群之间难以消弭的差 异,而这正是它难以结束的原因。 Partly softened Ping-pong table and the ball that sank in on it bring the game up to a level of unu- sual difficulty. Game, in narrow sense, tends to be simple and easy, however in a broader sense, it could reflect many real life scenes, for example, the bigoted point of view held by the players standing at the two sides of the table and the collapse and invalidity of viewpoints when placed in different cultu- ral backgrounds, as well as conspiracy and flagrant plot. The difficulty of the game lies in the inerasable difference that exists between groups of people and their standpoints, and this becomes the reason for the everlasting game. “在李青的作品开始成形之际,恰逢全球的中国热和 中国国内艺术市场的“爆炸期”,此前长久困厄于地 下、主要依赖西方人发放“救济金”的中国前卫艺 术转而成为社会焦点… 老艺术家们被推至舞台的中 心,而年轻一代当中只要是稍具市场可能性的,立刻 就有画廊争抢着签约,迅速地包装上市。李青顺应和 经由这个过程建立起他的个人形象,尽管顺利得似乎 过分,却没有为那种浓重的商业气息所笼罩,不仅如 此,他以个人的天赋、态度、清醒而善于吸收的头 脑,观念与语言的出色结合,相互衔接而又不断突破 的系列性创作方式,日渐证实他有可能成为未来中国 艺术的某种希望。” “对于李青而言,真实与虚幻,语言和现实,游戏 与冥想呈现着在运动之中的融合状态,“诸相非 相”,形象的相似性与差异性正是同一个命题不可或缺的 两面——“在实存的自然中没有什么事物是重复的,但是 在思想的自然中,我们理解事物只能靠我们想象的同一 性。”(乔治 库伯勒<Geroge Kubler>,《时间的形状》 ,纽约1962年版),以《道德经》之言以蔽之:“道生 一,一生二,二生三,三生万物”,艺术正可以从这里出 发,进行对于表象世界的自发组装。” --- 朱朱 The maturation of Li Qing’s works came at a moment of global enthusiasm for China, during an “explosion” of the Chinese domestic art market. The avant-garde art which heretofore had languished in the underground, largely de- pendent on “rescue funds” from westerners, emerged into society’s spotlight. Exhibitions were held everywhere, and older artists were pushed into the limelight. In the younger ge- neration, anyone who showed a bit of promise would be snap- ped up by a gallery, quickly packaged, and put on the market. Li Qing established his persona by way of this process, and though this happened with uncanny smoothness for him, the thick atmosphere of commerce did not engulf him. More than that, with his talent and lucid intelligence, along with his faci- lity for marrying concept and language and his adventurously unfolding mode of serial production, he has proven, over time, that his work yet to come holds forth a certain hope for the future of Chinese art. For Li Qing reality and illusion, language and reality, play and contemplation present themselves in a state of ongoing inter- penetration. “Phenomenal forms not the forms we see.” The similarity and difference of forms are two indispen- sable sides of the same proposition—“In actual nature no single thing is a repetition of another, but in the natural or- der of thought, to understand things we rely on imagined similarity.” (George Kubler, The Form of Time, New York, 1962) Or perhaps we can sum this up with a sentence from the Daode Jing: “The One engenders Two, Two engenders Three, and Three engenders the myriad things.” From this art can take its departure, working out its spontaneous re- formulation of the world of representation. Zhu Zhu Soft Trap•Game isn’t Over, 2008, Installation JOKEOR NOT?
  • 19. 38 39 Li Qing / 李青 Training Room (2008) , in which two ping pong players, with a mirrored wall between them, each hit their own balls against the wall’s surface. This can be seen as an antithesis to the theme of “Ping- pong”: it implies that true interchange between oneself and the other cannot exist, and that all such efforts are illusions setting forth from and re- turning to the self. 《训练房》(2008)将两个打乒乓球 的人隔绝在玻璃墙壁的两侧,球的落点 自玻璃墙壁上回返,这件装置可以说是 《乒乓球》主题的反写,似乎是指说在 自我和他者之间真正的交流并不可能存 在,所有的努力仅仅是一场从自我出发 又复归自我的幻觉。 In Ping-pong (2007) , the two sides of a ping-pong table were painted with maps of China and America. In the process of playing ping pong, the ball constantly picked up spots of pigment from the two maps as it went back and forth across the net. In the end the two maps grew spotted and indistinct, like diagrams altered by spontaneous, disorderly “stippling.” Or one could say that they looked like misaligned color prints. Use of Chinese and U.S. maps here reminds the viewer of early stages of “ping- pong diplomacy” and the subsequent history of ceaseless discord and interchange between the two countries: the densely spotted maps serve as a visual metaphor. 在《乒乓球》(2007)中,球网两侧的桌面上分 别绘上了中国和美国地图,而在打球的过程中, 乒乓球不断地粘带起两幅地图上的颜料,往返在 球网的两侧,最终使两幅地图变得斑驳迷离,好 像是以随意而混乱的“点彩”手法所制作的图 形,或者,如同套色印刷时出了问题的错版。作 品中中美地图的设置,令人想起当年著名的“乒 乓外交”事件,而此后的中美所经历的不断冲突 与渗透的历史过程,恰好由地图中则将两个打乒 乓球的人密密麻麻的色斑来隐喻。 Training Rooms, 2008, Video Installation Ping-Pong, 2008, Action & Video Installation
  • 20. 40 41 Li Songhua / 李颂华 视频作品《对话》对中国的国家特征给出俏皮的概念化注 解。作品的主角是李颂华年仅五岁的儿子,他全篇模仿了胡 锦涛关于中国经济发展的重要讲话。从演说风格上来讲国家 主席和五岁小童都保持了严肃认真的态度,表达了十足的信 心和诚意。不过孩子的演讲更加天然无修饰,有时流点口 水,有时坑坑巴巴含糊地带过某些词的发音,随着时间的推 移还会露出疲惫的表情。 期间,李颂华的声音偶尔会从背景中传出,一会儿纠正儿子 的发音,一会儿督促儿子继续往下讲。遇到看不懂的字,孩 子会按照自己的理解读出声来,然后抬起头等待父亲的肯定。 年幼的儿子埋头于面前的一大堆讲稿,并不住地抓耳挠腮, 李颂华似乎对这些即兴动作相当满意,因为中国领导人永远 不会有这样的动作,儿子的演讲自有其特色。中国领导人的 角色由五岁小儿扮演,中国领导人的个性突变成一个摇头晃 脑的小孩,高高在上的领导位置被剥夺了,暗示了该职位的 可代替性。更为颠覆的是,启用稚气的主角是为了表明国家 仍处于初级阶段。李颂华使五岁儿童称职地完成了中国领导 人的这项工作,意在去除讲话的原“能指”行为,使最后的 视频按照“所指”的涵义变化继续行进。 贝安吉 Li’s 2005 video work Keynote Speech is a sly and conceptual commentary on China’s national identity. In the work, Li’s five-year old son delivers, in its entirety, one of Hu Jintao’s more bombastic speeches on the economic development of China. Speaking with gusto and solemn gravitas, the parallels between Hu Jintao’s delivery and the five- year-old’s are readily apparent: both speak with complete seriousness confidence and even sincerity. But Li’s son’s delivery is more transparent. There are moments of fluid discourse but also moments where he visibly stumbles over words, mouthing their enunciations, and showing signs of fatigue as the video progresses. At points, Li can be overheard in the background, correc- ting pronunciation and coaching his son on where Li’s son wonders what a certain word means, looking up at his father for approval. Li seem to delight in the unscripted moments that personalize the speech in a way that Hu Jintao never would be when his son reaches up scratch his ear, for example, or when he completely buries his head in the papers in front of him .By replacing Hu Jintao with a five-year-old, the performance reduces the perso- nality of China’s president to that of a bobbling head, stripping him of his august perch by hinting at the leader’s disposability. Even more subversively, the video suggests a country still in its early stages, making overtures of distinction in the face of ob- vious youth. By replacing Hu Jintao with a competent five-year- old, Li strips the speech’s original performance of its signifier, allowing the resulting video to track the change in the meaning of the signified. Angie Baecker Keynote Speech, 2005, Video, 24min Loop IDEALOR IDEOLOGY?
  • 21. 42 43 Li Songhua / 李颂华 北京艺术家李颂华的作品涉及的面很广,使用的媒介也不 拘一格。不过,探讨“能指”与“所指”的分界线却是他 众多作品的共同主线。奈绪尔声称“能指”与“所指”就 像一枚硬币的两面,关系简单明了,触动一个立即有另一 个相对应。德里达(Derrida)等批评家指出,这种一对 一关系的硬伤在于语言和文化情境本身就有相当的不稳定 性。李颂华描述和质疑了新技术对文化、艺术创造产生的 影响,以及中国民族文化的易变特征,在这一过程中, “能指”与“所指”非常明显地脱离了关系。 Beijing-based artist Li Songhua’s oeuvre varies widely in theme and in medium, Li’s work also shares a common interest in exploring this same divide between the signi- fier and the signified. While de Saussure argued that, like two sides of the same coin, the signifier and signified enjoyed a direct association allowing the invocation of one to immediately summon the other, critics like Der- rida have pointed to the essential instability of language and cultural context as compromisers of this one-to-one relationship. By manifesting this disconnection, Li’s work questions and describes the impact of new technologies on culture and art production, and the volatility of China’s cultural and national identity. A Needle Drops In, 2008, LED Installation Poem in Water, 2006, Landscape Art, Plexiglass, Fishing Line