Creative Responses to Artificial Intelligence
This presentation was delivered by Murray Shanahan at the Creative AI meetup #3 in London on the 18th January 2017. Science fiction has long offered a philosophical critique of the prospect of artificial intelligence. But now that AI technologies are increasingly real rather than fictional the wider world of culture and the arts is beginning to respond. I will offer my personal perpective on this based on my experience working with the film Ex Machina, and collaborating with artist collective Random International. Murray Shanahan is Professor of Cognitive Robotics in the Dept. of Computing at Imperial College London, where he heads the Neurodynamics Group. Educated at Imperial College and Cambridge University (King’s College), he became a full professor in 2006. His publications span artificial intelligence, robotics, logic, dynamical systems, computational neuroscience, and philosophy of mind. He was scientific advisor to the film Ex Machina, and regularly appears in the media to comment on artificial intelligence and robotics. His books include “Embodiment and the Inner Life” (2010), and “The Technological Singularity” (2015).
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Creative Responses to Artificial Intelligence
- 1. Creative Responses to Artficial Intelligence Murray Shanahan Dept. of Computing Imperial College London @mpshanahan
- 2. Disclaimer 2 This is not my day job Which is Artificial intelligence research Computational neurodynamics
- 3. 3 Ex Machina
- 4. Oxford University Press, 2010 First Contact
- 5. Promoting the Film Q&A with Alex Garland at YouTube screening, 20/1/15
- 6. 6
- 7. Academic Impact Case Study 7 REF publication Writer / director Screenplay Movie Oscar
- 8. Everyone Asks Me about Ex Machina 8 Visit to Longquan Monastery, Beijing, 2016 They want to hear about your role in Ex Machina
- 12. A PEP8 Compliant Version 12
- 14. Consciousness In Ex Machina, Caleb is at first told that he is to be the human component in a Turing Test The subject is Ava, a robot Caleb notes that, in a true Turing Test “the machine should be hidden from the examiner” Nathan responds 14 “The real test is to show you she is a robot. Then see if you still feel she has consciousness.” We could call this the Garland Test
- 15. Purposeful Behaviour 15 “Only of a living human being and what resembles (behaves like) a living human being can one say: it has sensations, it sees … it is conscious or unconscious” Similarly Let’s dissect the concept of consciousness Wittgenstein (PI §281) says Only against a backdrop of purposeful behaviour do we speak of consciousness
- 16. Aspects of Consciousness We associate consciousness with a whole bundle of psychological attributes These normally come together in humans, but could occur separately in an AI 16 Awareness of the world Cognitive integration Awareness of self The capacity for suffering Empathy
- 17. A Checklist for Ava 17 Awareness of the world Cognitive integration Awareness of self The capacity for suffering Empathy ✓ ✓ ✓ ? ✓ Ava (Alicia Vikander) “The real test is to show you she is a robot. Then see if you still feel she has consciousness.”
- 18. The Last Word In the Ex Machina script there’s a direction that didn’t make it to the final cut of the film 18 “Facial recognition vectors flutter around the pilot’s face. And when he opens his mouth to speak, we don’t hear words. We hear pulses of monotone noise. Low pitch. Speech as pure pattern recognition. This is how Ava sees us. And hears us. It feels completely alien.” So the film leaves open the possibility that Ava is not conscious after all, or not in the familiar sense
- 20. Rain Room 20
- 21. Swarm Study 21
- 22. Fifteen Points Fifteen Points is Random International’s most recent work Fifteen Points shows how easily we interpret human-like behaviour as evidence that “someone is there” Ex Machina suggests that it could be hard to tell the difference between consciousness and mimicry The key is always more interaction 22 Fifteen Points (Random International)
- 23. Conscious Exotica (Aeon) 23 Credit: Richard Wilkinson / Aeon
- 24. 24 The Space of Possible Minds Crustaceans SpidersInsects Mammals Birds Reptiles FishCephalopods Protostomes Deuterostomes Not to scale Extraterrestrial intelligence Artificial intelligence Bio-machine Hybrids
- 25. Consciousness in the SoPM 25 10 0 0 10 Today’s robots & AI Animals Human-level AGI / ETI Our “mind children” Human-likeness Capacity for consciousness Conscious exotica The Void of Inscrutability
- 26. In Conclusion Thanks to my role in Ex Machina I’ve been involved as scientific advisor to Random International Nick Payne’s Elegy at the Donmar Warehouse Akram Khan dance company AI is likely to have a huge impact on our lives and the arts are bound to respond to it Cross-disciplinary interaction with the arts is intellectually stimulating and fun 26