1. Understanding Trigeminal Neuralgia
What Is It? / Types / Treatment Options / More Info
529 S. Jackson Street, Louisville, KY 40202 / 855-737-8200 / LouisvilleCK.com

2. A Trigeminal Neuralgia diagnosis can be scary.
Learn more about Trigeminal Neuralgia and how we can help.
Please note: We encourage consumers to thoroughly review and understand all treatment
options. The information presented here is not all-inclusive. Rather, it represents a starting
point to learn more about medical conditions and treatment options. This is not intended
as a substitute for medical advice from your professional healthcare provider. Contact
your professional healthcare provider to find out if CyberKnife treatment is right for you.
529 S. Jackson Street, Louisville, KY 40202 / 855-737-8200 / LouisvilleCK.com

3. What is Trigeminal Neuralgia?
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), sometimes referred to as Tic Douloureux, is
a nerve disorder that can cause intense pain on either side of the
face. The pain can be triggered when cold air touches specific facial
areas or with movements like chewing, talking or swallowing. The
unpredictable, severe pain from TN can significantly impact one's
quality of life.
The disorder occurs in the trigeminal, or fifth cranial, nerve that
controls sensation in the face. TN is more common in women, and
patients are typically middle-aged or seniors.
529 S. Jackson Street, Louisville, KY 40202 / 855-737-8200 / LouisvilleCK.com

4. Trigeminal Neuralgia:
Typical & Atypical Cases
TYPICAL TN
In typical TN, patients suffer from
unpredictable episodes of stabbing,
electric shock-like pain in a
consistent location. Such patients can
reproduce an attack by touching a
“trigger point” on the face or
performing a specific activity like
chewing or talking.
ATYPICAL TN
With atypical TN, the pain is a persistent
dull ache or burning sensation in one
part of the face. However, episodes of
sharp pain can complicate atypical TN.
There is usually not a specific trigger
point with atypical TN, while the pain
grows worse over time.
529 S. Jackson Street, Louisville, KY 40202 / 855-737-8200 / LouisvilleCK.com

5. What are the treatment options?
All forms of TN can be treated with medication, surgery or radiosurgery, all of which
offer varying degrees of success. Medication can relieve pain in most TN patients,
though it’s not always effective and can produce fatigue or other significant side
effects. Nevertheless, medication is generally the first line of treatment.
Please note: We encourage consumers to thoroughly review and understand all treatment options. The information presented
here is not all-inclusive. Rather, it represents a starting point to learn more about medical conditions and treatment options.
There is no substitute for consulting a medical professional.
Surgery
Radiosurgery
529 S. Jackson Street, Louisville, KY 40202 / 855-737-8200 / LouisvilleCK.com

6. Treatment Option One:
Surgery
If patients do not find relief from pain medication, they may be a candidate
for surgery, including a procedure known as microvascular decompression,
or MVD. In younger TN patients, MVD is often preferred, because it holds
the potential of a long-term cure without causing significant facial
numbness.
Other procedures known as radiofrequency rhizotomy, glycerol rhizotomy
or nerve balloon compression attempt to destroy trigeminal nerve fibers
that cause pain. These operations have varying degrees of success and pain
relief can return after a few years. Therefore, the treatment is typically
repeated several times over a patient’s life.
Open surgery also carries risks of infection, arterial or cranial-nerve injury
or stroke. Certain patients have medical conditions that prevent surgery,
while others may object to surgery.
529 S. Jackson Street, Louisville, KY 40202 / 855-737-8200 / LouisvilleCK.com

7. Treatment Option Two:
Radiosurgery
Though primarily used to treat benign and malignant tumors throughout the body,
stereotactic radiosurgery can also treat additional medical conditions including
trigeminal neuralgia. The CyberKnife® is an advanced technology that performs
stereotactic radiosurgery. During the procedure, the machine delivers highly focused
radiation to the trigeminal nerve to interrupt pain-causing fibers. While other
stereotactic radiosurgery treatment options can require a metal frame attached to
the patient's skull under local anesthesia, CyberKnife does not. CyberKnife doesn’t
require a head frame. It uses a highly advanced computer-imaging system that can
compensate for small head movements, allowing the patient to lie comfortably
during the procedure.
TN treatment with the CyberKnife begins with a CT or MRI brain scan, particularly
of the trigeminal nerve area. With a CT scan, doctors sometimes use a dye injected
into the spinal fluid through a spinal tap to improve the imaging.
529 S. Jackson Street, Louisville, KY 40202 / 855-737-8200 / LouisvilleCK.com

8. Treatment Option Two:
Radiosurgery
• During CyberKnife treatment, high-dose radiation beams are precisely aimed along a segment of the trigeminal nerve.
• The pinpoint accuracy of the CyberKnife procedure minimizes exposure to healthy tissue and does not require surgery or sedation.
• Stereotactic radiosurgery for TN is typically a one-time, outpatient procedure and is completed approximately within an hour.
• TN does not have a cure, but pain can be reduced or eliminated in about 85 to 90 percent of patients who are treated with
stereotactic radiosurgery, according to clinical data.
• The most common side effect is facial numbness that likely correlates with the degree of pain relief.
• With CyberKnife there is no recovery or restrictions after treatment.
• Follow-up is needed before doctors can estimate how long pain relief will last.
529 S. Jackson Street, Louisville, KY 40202 / 855-737-8200 / LouisvilleCK.com

9. Our Center
Louisville CyberKnife is part of the renowned James Graham Brown Cancer Center, home of the first nationally accredited
radiation oncology program in Louisville. Our center brings together experienced physicians and the latest medical advances
to provide patients with exceptional care. Our doctors are board-certified in radiation oncology and have several areas of
specialty. Our CyberKnife nurse navigator is an integral part of our patient care approach, providing clinical support and
coordinating care for our patients and their families. We’re dedicated to providing our patients with the latest cancer
treatment technology.
Our center utilizes the CyberKnife® 9.6 system, which features a device that controls the width of the machine’s radiation
beam, allowing clinicians to vary the beam size and treat a larger variety of tumors throughout the body. The capabilities of
the more advanced technology allow for greater accuracy, quicker treatment times for patients and better avoidance of
healthy tissue during treatment.
We are proud of the extensive experience and specialized expertise our physicians and caring staff bring to our patients.
Please call us to learn more about treatment with the revolutionary CyberKnife.
Medical Director: Shiao Woo, M.D., M.B.B.S., F.A.C.R.
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529 S. Jackson Street, Louisville, KY 40202 / 855-737-8200 / LouisvilleCK.com