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Narrative Therapy
Relationship-based
Practice
Premise
People make sense of their world through
language and stories
Can be brief
View people as competent
How Problems are Seen
• Problems arise because of subscriptions to
narrow and self defeating views of world
• People are not problems; the problem is the
problem
• Problems are to be deconstructed and
externalized
New Insights Through Stories
• Drawing people’s attention to subtle changes
in their lives can foster new insights, promote
empowerment, and help people develop
better ways to resolve difficulties
• People become authors of their own lives
• Clients are experts on their lives.
• Externalization allows re-authoring (hidden
problems can’t be changed)
Emphasis in Therapy
• Listening, accepting, making non-judgmental,
non-confrontational comments
• Can ask multiple forms of same question
(intricate and delicate process)
• Therapist as linguistic detective
• Not seeking to heal or fix, but to learn about
client and understand them
Goals
• Therapists invite clients to describe their
experience in new language; facilitate process
of discovery
• Create shift to bring about new meaning to
client’s story
Therapist Role
• Suggest alternative viewpoints
• Mirroring
• Emphasis on being encouraging of client
strengths and resources
• Participatory, interactive
• Careful listening, empathic, summarization,
paraphrasing to give people ownership
Therapist Role continued
• Search for exceptions to the problem
• Ask clients to speculate about what kind of
future they could expect from new feelings of
competence
• Separate person from problem
Techniques
• Questions!! More questions!!
• Creating alternative stories, identifying
preferred directions
• Externalizing – when has client been
successful, new (less problem-saturated)
stories around problems
Techniques continue
• Raise Dilemmas
• Predict setbacks
• Celebrations, certificates
Limitations
• No set formulas
• Attitude is critical
• Therapist needs to be able to make quick
assessments, assist clients in setting up goals
and effectively use appropriate interventions

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Narrative therapy slides

  • 2. Premise People make sense of their world through language and stories Can be brief View people as competent
  • 3. How Problems are Seen • Problems arise because of subscriptions to narrow and self defeating views of world • People are not problems; the problem is the problem • Problems are to be deconstructed and externalized
  • 4. New Insights Through Stories • Drawing people’s attention to subtle changes in their lives can foster new insights, promote empowerment, and help people develop better ways to resolve difficulties • People become authors of their own lives • Clients are experts on their lives. • Externalization allows re-authoring (hidden problems can’t be changed)
  • 5. Emphasis in Therapy • Listening, accepting, making non-judgmental, non-confrontational comments • Can ask multiple forms of same question (intricate and delicate process) • Therapist as linguistic detective • Not seeking to heal or fix, but to learn about client and understand them
  • 6. Goals • Therapists invite clients to describe their experience in new language; facilitate process of discovery • Create shift to bring about new meaning to client’s story
  • 7. Therapist Role • Suggest alternative viewpoints • Mirroring • Emphasis on being encouraging of client strengths and resources • Participatory, interactive • Careful listening, empathic, summarization, paraphrasing to give people ownership
  • 8. Therapist Role continued • Search for exceptions to the problem • Ask clients to speculate about what kind of future they could expect from new feelings of competence • Separate person from problem
  • 9. Techniques • Questions!! More questions!! • Creating alternative stories, identifying preferred directions • Externalizing – when has client been successful, new (less problem-saturated) stories around problems
  • 10. Techniques continue • Raise Dilemmas • Predict setbacks • Celebrations, certificates
  • 11. Limitations • No set formulas • Attitude is critical • Therapist needs to be able to make quick assessments, assist clients in setting up goals and effectively use appropriate interventions