Resource: LCA14 Name: LCA14-305: Introduction to LHG Date: 05-03-2014 Speaker: Mark Gregotski

1. Wed 5 March, 11:15am, Mark Gregotski
LCA14-305: Introduction to LHG

2. • State of digital home media technologies
• Past
• Present
• Future
• Benefits of Open Source software and Standards for the
digital home
• Motivation to form the Linaro Digital Home Group
• LHG mission and goals
Outline

3. • Home devices used to view TV content:
• Set-top boxes
• Services
• live, on-demand, DVR
• EPG -basic grid guide
• simple applications in a “walled garden” environment
• content sharing from DVR HDD to set-tops via MoCA
• Content delivery
• video and data networks - cable (HFC), satellite, telco (DSL, fibre)
• Video codec/container
• MPEG2 encoded video carried via MPEG Transport Stream
Past

4. Basic EPG

5. • Security
• Cable Set-tops: Conditional Access (MediaCipher/PowerKey duopoly)
• IPTV: Windows DRM
• Software
• set-tops ran proprietary software with proprietary RTOS - Vrtx;
VxWorks; WinCE
• OCAP platforms ran Linux with proprietary stacks
• new feature releases were very slow, sometimes >1 year
Past

6. • Multitude of video capable devices
• service provider set-top boxes, OTT IP boxes (Roku, AppleTV,
Netgear, etc.), Smart TVs, HDMI ‘sticks’ (chromecast), SlingBox,
gaming consoles
• smartphones, tablets - powered by ARM
Present

7. • Services
• TV Everywhere - on anyscreen
• cloud-based services for DVR, content lockers
• EPGs are feature rich JS/HTML programming guides
• Applications: Netflix, Hulu, YouTube, FB, Twitter
• content sharing: WiFi, AirPlay, Miracast, etc.
• Content delivery
• leverage the Internet and Web technologies to deliver video: Over-
the-top (OTT) IP, CDN, HTTP/Web delivery
• Video codec/container
• H264, MPEG2, VP8, Ogg Theora
• mp4, fmp4, mkv
Present

8. EPG Today

9. On Demand UI

10. • Protocols
• Multi-bitrate Adaptive Streaming for OTT: HLS, SS, HDS, DASH
• HTTP, DLNA
• Security
• multiple DRMs: PlayReady, Widevine, Primetime, Verimatrix, etc.
• DTCP-IP
• ARM TrustZoneTM
, Trusted Execution Environment (TEE)
• Set-top Software
• Cable has moved to open source with Reference Design Kit (RDK)
• Linux-based operating systems: Android, RDK
• Migration of Android from mobile to PayTV
• Proprietary software components replaced by open source
components: Qt, WebKit, Chromium, GStreamer, OpenMax, etc.
Present

11. • Video formats
• 4K Ultra HD, 10-bit, 3840x2160
• new codecs H265 (HEVC), VP9
• Operators continue move to open source
• Leverage mobile media frameworks for TV
• RDK is expanding global footprint
• Security
• more stringent security required for the next wave of premium content
• Software
• HTML5: application framework
• extensions for encrypted media and media sources
• Chromium browser
• Opera, Digia (Qt) moving to Chromium
Future

12. • There are many non-interoperable, proprietary media
technology elements
• Multiplicity of:
• video formats
• adaptive streaming protocols
• software DRM solutions
• media frameworks
• web browsers
• trusted execution environments
• There is a need for interoperability and common
interfaces to reduce complexity and improve portability
Fragmentation still exists

13. • W3C HTML5
• video tags: display video without browser plug-ins
• Encrypted Media Extensions: handle HTML playback of protected
content
• Media Source Extensions: generation of media streams for playback;
effective for adaptive streaming video
• MPEG Common Encryption (CENC): specifies standard
encryption and key handling methods for DRM systems
• encrypt media asset once and deliver to many DRM clients
• MPEG DASH - consolidate adaptive streaming protocols
and manifests
• DLNA CVP-2: Secure in home content streaming using
HTML5 RUI, HTTP-AD, Authentication on DTCP-IP
Key Standards

14. • Benefits of Open Source software are evident
• Leverage software work done in the community
• Faster time to market and features/fixes added
• Greater rate of innovation
• Greater diversity of solutions for operators
• The move to ARM processors is recognition that ARM
led the mobile revolution and this innovation can be
leveraged in the home set-top/TV market
• lower power requirements
• less costly development
• best power to performance ratio
• ARM & Linux are the best way to future proof-applications
Open Source and ARM in the digital home

15. Tablet SoCs & IP STB SoCs Converging
High
Performance
GPU
Home
Networking
(802.11)
Content
Security
(DRM)
Dual-Quad
Core CPU
Video
Decode
Mobile Tablet Silicon Functions
High
Performance
GPU
WAN I/O
(DOCSIS,
xDSL, PON)
Content
Security
(CA)
Dual-Quad
Core CPU
Video
Decode
STB Silicon Functions
Home
Networking
(MoCA,
802.11G.Hn)
• Key subsystems (CPU, GPU) are common between tablets and STB:
• content security - HDCP 1.2 is already implemented
• 2014 SoCs with ARM TrustZoneTM
• Key benefits of using Tablet SoCs for IP STBs:
• substantial choice of devices across multiple form factors and price
points
• leverage latest in ARM technology, e.g., 64-bit, big.LITTLE, GP
GPU, OpenGL ES 3.0, TrustZoneTM

16. • Against the backdrop of all these technological
advancements, ARM’s partners want to bring innovation
to the home segment
• Discussions between a large contingent of ARM
partners and Linaro concluded with a recommendation
to create a digital home segment group
• A separate project kicked off last summer with Linaro,
Comcast, and 3 SoC vendors to completely redesign the
RDK build process using Yocto Project/Open Embedded
- the effort resulted in a vastly improved build system for
RDK on IP clients
Motivation for the Linaro Digital Home Group

17. • Mission: Accelerate adoption of the ARM architecture in the
digital home (entertainment) segment by working collaboratively on
core Linux-based software platforms, delivering media via
optimized and secure video frameworks.
• Goals:
• Reduce fragmentation through reference implementations on Android
and RDK
• Optimize media frameworks: e.g., GStreamer, OpenMax IL
• Implement standardized interfaces for greater portability
• Content Decryption Module interfaces to DRM systems
Linaro Digital Home Group

18. • Deliver Linaro RDK to the ARM platform (IP clients &
gateways)
• Integrate RDK media framework (RMF) into TrustZoneTM
(secure video path and DRM framework)
• W3C Encrypted Media Extensions (EME): build a
generic Content Decryption Module (CDM) on ARM
platforms
• Standardize Media Framework on OpenMax IL
• Migration from Qt WebKit to Qt WebEngine
• Reference implementations of DLNA CVP-2
• Compliant client and server device implementations, integration
of DLNA HTML5 Remote User Interface (RUI)
LHG Projects

19. • Over the last few months there have been a number of
investigations underway in LHG:
• 1. Integration of media frameworks with TrustZoneTM
• collaborate with Security Working Group
• discussions with TEE vendors
• Global Platform TEE Client API review
• 2. Collaboration with W3C members on EME
• architecture of secure Content Decryption Modules
• comparison of CDM implementations from Google, Microsoft
• investigation of main interfaces: browser interface to DRM; DRM
interface to secure module
• review of Chromium source code Pepper CDM wrapper
LHG Work to Date

20. • 3. Investigation into the Comcast Crypto+ API specification and
how it relates to other crypto API specifications.
• Collaboration with SWG.
• 4. Comparison of merits of Qt5 and Android for UI framework.
Also Qt-Android integration approaches.
• Looking forward:
• Continuation of initial work items listed above +
• Standardizing media framework on Open Max
• Integration issues with GStreamer (collaboration with Graphics working
group)
• DLNA CVP-2 reference implementation
• HTML5 RUI work done by ARM and CableLabs
• compliant CVP-2 implementation for DMS and DMR devices
• Migration to Qt WebEngine on RDK
• Chromium/Blink
LHG Work to Date & near term plans

21. More about Linaro Connect: http://connect.linaro.org
More about Linaro: http://www.linaro.org/about/
More about Linaro engineering: http://www.linaro.org/engineering/
Linaro members: www.linaro.org/members