1. Project Treble
September 28, 2017
Iliyan Malchev

2. What and Why
1
What is the
problem? Why do
we care to solve
it?
Userspace
2
What is the
solution?
What is the
timeframe?
Kernel
3
Tackling kernel
fragmentation
Results
4
Some stats and
early results
I Agenda

3. What's the Problem?

4. https://developer.android.com/about/dashboards/index.html
I Userspace

5. I Kernel
3.4
3.1
3.10
3.18

6. Why Care?

7. Faster Device Launches on Latest Google SoC OEM users
Easier Device Upgrades Google
Better Quality Google SoC OEM users
BEtter Security (esp. Kernel) Google SoC OEM users
I Who Wants What

8. The Life of an Android Device Launch

9. I Start with AOSP

10. ...
I Add Functionality/Customizations

11. ...
I Adapt to SoC and Device

12. "HALs"
"Ext"AOSP
I Reality

13. ● Short product cycles
● No Single Android OS to update
○ Large AOSP Delta
○ SoC Support not universal
● Certification: Carrier, Regulatory, CTS
● QA
● Support (Call Center), OTA Infrastructure, etc...
"HALs"
ExtAOSP
I Difficult means Expensive

14. How to Fix it?

15. Architectural changes
Android Platform
Operational changes
Partner outreach
Compatibility changes
Partner outreach
Upstreaming
Android Platform
I Project Treble

16. ExtAOSP
"HALs"
ExtAOSP
I Solve SoC Support

17. kernel driverdriverdriver driverdriver
libc
other libraries
activity
Media
Server
System
Server
Camera
Server
Audio
Server
Surface
Flinger
OMX
...
...
camera
HAL
audio
HAL gralloc
hwc
sensor
HAL etc
ART
API java.* android.*
GL
HAL
Binder
I Android Architecture Pre-O

18. kernel driverdriverdriver driverdriver
libc
other libraries
activity
Media
Server
System
Server
Camera
Server
Audio
Server
Surface
Flinger
OMX
...
...camera
HAL
audio
HAL
gralloc
hwc
sensor
HAL etc
ART
API java.* android.*
GL
HAL
Binder
Binder
I Android Architecture Post-O

19. I The Vendor Test Suite
CTS
VTS
Android
Framework
VINTF
Implementation
General
System
Image
VINTF
Implementation
CTS on AOSP
<Before Oreo> <Android Oreo>
HAL Kernel Library

20. "HALs"
ExtAOSP
I Tackle the AOSP Delta

21. Q3 ACP ALL HANDS
Multiple implementations of same functionality
Drive convergence between AOSP and Framework Variants
Forum involving major contributors to AOSP
Feature review, approval, (re)engineering
Non-US regulatory requirements
Extensions to Bluetooth, Telephony, Dialer, SysUI, Home Screen
I Upstreaming

22. "HALs"
ExtAOSP
ExtAOSP

23. Must pass Vendor Test Suite (VTS; tests for HALs) for approval
All OEM devices launched with O must implement Treble HALs
Must pass CTS on AOSP
Q3 ACP ALL HANDS
This includes older SoCs that will be used by OEMs to launch O-based
devices
I Compatibility Requirements

24. How Fast to Fix it?

25. ● Release uptake is 6 months to a year
○ Mostly just flagships
● Solving the problem forwards
● Customer pull is strong
● Attention Span outside and within
● Addressing fragmentation is a MUST
I The One-Release Fix

26. The Kernel

27. Existing LTS is not Enough
Device Kernel
Stable Long Term Support
Android Common
SoC Kernel
Device
Release
Device
Update
Clone Merge Cherry-Pick
Device
Update
Device
Update
Device
Update

28. Announcing 6-year LTS
Device Kernel
Stable Long Term Support
Android Common
SoC Kernel
Device
Release
Device
Update
Clone Merge Cherry-Pick
Device
Update
Device
Update
Device
Update

29. Stats

30. health/1.0
thermal/1.0
oemlock/1.0
gnss/1.0
automotive/vehicle/2.0
automotive/vehicle/2.1
automotive/evs/1.0
audio/2.0
audio/effect/2.0
audio/common/2.0
vibrator/1.1
vibrator/1.0
tv/cec/1.0
tv/input/1.0
bluetooth/1.0
usb/1.1
usb/1.0
gatekeeper/1.0
wifi/offload/1.0
wifi/supplicant/1.0
wifi/1.0
radio/1.1
radio/1.0
radio/deprecated/1.0
renderscript/1.0
weaver/1.0
light/2.0
keymaster/3.0
soundtrigger/2.0
ir/1.0
boot/1.0
graphics/allocator/2.0
graphics/bufferqueue/1.0
graphics/mapper/2.0
graphics/common/1.0
graphics/composer/2.1
drm/1.0
nfc/1.0
biometrics/fingerprint/2.1
contexthub/1.0
broadcastradio/1.1
broadcastradio/1.0
power/1.1
power/1.0
vr/1.0
sensors/1.0
configstore/1.1
configstore/1.0
media/omx/1.0
media/1.0
memtrack/1.0
dumpstate/1.0
camera/metadata/3.2
camera/provider/2.4
camera/device/3.2
camera/device/1.0
camera/common/1.0
tetheroffload/control/1.0
tetheroffload/config/1.0
I 60 Subsystem Conversions

31. Authors
Files
300
3000
Commits
20k
LOC
~1M
I Code Stats

32. Qualcomm, Mediatek,
Samsung/LSI,
Huawei/HiSilicon, Motorola,
Sony, LG
Partners
San Diego
Taipei
Seoul
Onsite Teams
7
3 Direct on-site visits
Partner Summits
Android Bootcamp
Executive Sync-ups
Forums
+
3 Qualcomm SoCs
1 Mediatek SoC
1 HiSilicon SoC
1 Exynos SoC
SONY
Huawei
Samsung
Oreo Launches /
Upgrades
3/1
I Partner Outreach

33. Next Steps

34. Clone Merge Cherry-Pick
Linux 4.9.y
Android Common 4.9
msm-4.9
(Common SoC
Kernel)
MSMXXXX based
device 1
MSMXXXX based
device 2
MSMXXXX based
device 3
Linux 4.9.y xLTS
backports
exynos-4.9
(Common SoC
Kernel)
mediatek-4.9
(Common SoC
Kernel)
I Kernel Unification

35. I There's More To Do
● Continued work with SoC Vendors
● Continued work on Kernel Unification
● Expanding test coverage
● Bringing the ecosystem together with Linaro

36. END