Landscape Hawaii July August Issue 3025

1. LandscapeIndustry CouncilofHawai’i P.O.Box22938 HonoluluHI96823-2938 S I T E F U R N I S H I N G S LandscapeIndustry CouncilofHawai’i P.O.Box22938 HonoluluHI96823-2938 PRESORTED STANDARD U.S.POSTAGEPAID HONOLULU,HI PERMITNO.1023 $4.95 The Good LICH Conference & Tradeshow October 8th BENCH FIRE PITS What Makes A Good Bench? SELECTION, INSTALLATION & MAINTENANCE TIPS BACK TO BASICS, BUILDING FOR FUTURE JULY | AUGUST 2015 HAWAIISCAPE.COMT H E V O I C E O F H A W A I I ’ S G R E E N I N D U S T R Y

2. THE VOICE OF HAWAII’S GREEN INDUSTRY DEPARTMENTS 4 PRESIDENT COLUMN 18 MALP CLASSES 21 CERTIFICATION CORNER 22 TOOL TIPS 27 THE PESTICIDE LABEL 30 PEST COLUNM FEATURES 5 LICH NEWS 8 MIDPAC 16 GOT COLOR? 19 17TH ANNUAL LICT TEST IN KONA 27 LOW VOLTAGE LANDSCAPE LIGHTING COVER STORIES 6 LICH CONFERENCE 10 THE GOOD BENCH 14 FIREPITS Formed in June 1986, the Landscape Industry Council of Hawai‘i is a state wide alliance representing Hawaii’s landscape associations: Aloha Arborist Association, American Society of Landscape Architects Hawaii Chapter, Hawaii Association of Nurserymen, Hawaii Island Landscape Association, Hawaii Landscape and Irrigation Contractors, Hawaii Society of Urban Forestry Professionals, Kauai Landscape Industry Council, Maui Association of Landscape Professionals, Professional Grounds Management Society, Big Island Association of Nurserymen, and the Hawaii Professional Gardeners Association. Landscape Industry Council of Hawai‘i P. O. Box 22938, Honolulu HI 96823-2938 Editor Christopher A. Dacus chris.dacus@gmail.com Advertising Sales Michael Roth rothcomm@lava.net Membership Jason Ezell jason.ezell@gmail.com Designer Darrell Ishida B O A R D O F D I R E C T O R S Chris Dacus Brandon Au President Vice President Matt Lyum Rick Quinn Treasurer Secretary Norman Allen Chris McCullough Orville Baldos Clifford Migita Chuck Chimera Dorothy Mulkern Carl Evensen Karen Ostborg Jason Ezell Edmundo Reyes Mark Fukui Josh Sand Randy Liu Allan Schildknecht Christy Martin Mark Suiso Director Emeritus Jay Deputy Steve Nimz Lelan Nishek Boyd Ready Garrett Webb Proudly self published by ScharetgPictures Rounding third since 1962. For over 50 years, Victor Stanley has designed, engineered, and manufactured timeless site furnishings so you can bring communities to life. With a design that transcends period styling, our Ironsites® receptacles will contribute to the beautification of any public area for years to come. Contact Sarah Kwon at sarahk@victorstanley.com V I C T O R S T A N L E Y . C O M 14 HAWAIISCAPE.COM 3 16

3. 4 LANDSCAPE HAWAII JULY | AUGUST 2015 HAWAIISCAPE.COM 5THE VOICE OF HAWAII’S GREEN INDUSTRY ArchitecturalLightingforyour OutdoorAreas www.BeachsideLighting.com Kailua, O‘ahu (808) 263-5717 03-10-09/0000229489 KOOLAU SEEDS & SUPPLY R 2.00 X 2.00 3009 PMP-PENARO Proofed By: jmahoney Susan Owen Manager Contact (808) 239-1280 Office (808) 239-2151 Fax E-mail owens001@hawaii.rr.com 48-373 G Kamehameha Hwy Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744 Susan Owen Manager Contact (808) 239-1280 Office (808) 239-2151 Fax E-mail owens001@hawaii.rr.com 48-373 G Kamehameha Hwy Kaneohe, Hawaii 96744 UPCOMING ISSUES SEPT/OCT 2015 Theme: Conference Story Deadline: August 7 NOV/DEC 2015 Theme: Historical Landscapes Story Deadline: October 2 JAN/FEB 2016 Theme: Young Professionals Story Deadline: December 4 Call Michael Roth Phone: (808) 595-4124 Email: rothcomm@lava.net Landscape Professionals, advertise today Reach 20,450 WHATILEARNEDBYWALKING 300MILESLASTSUMMER… After two years of planning I embarked last July on a 300-mile walk across the top of Spain called the Camino de Santiago or the Way of St. James. The Way of St. James was one of the most important Christian pilgrimages during the Middle Ages along with Rome and Jerusalem. Some of you may have seen the movie called “The Way” starring Martin Sheen…if not it’s a good movie to watch sometime. Some do the walk for religious reasons but I went to get away from everything and get some space to think about what I wanted to do next in my life and instead I learned two important lessons. Thefirstdayofthejourney,IbeganontheborderwithFranceandIrememberthink- ing to myself, “why did I sign up for a 300 mile walk?” It’s funny but I am not a person who walks a lot. I had doubts probably like everyone else waking up on the border that day, but it’s really about breaking it down to digestible portions. The important thing is to have a long term goal and always be making progress, however small the progress it. The biggest lesson I learned is “keep it simple.” Our lives in 2015 are so complicated and it seems to be getting more complicated over time. The good news is you need less than you think. We live in an age of smartphones, smart watches, computers, and lots of other distracting beeping devices that we respond to like Pavlov’s dog. The constant distractionsinterruptyourmomentumandmakeitdifficulttocompletecomplextasks. The camino reminded me to enjoy technology but not to let it run my life. Sounds sim- pleasIseeeveryoneontheirdevices“beingconnected”,butkeepingitsimpleallowsme to focus on the things that really matter. Keep it simple and always work towards your goals. And if you’re curious about the Camino feel free to contact me. Enjoy the issue, Chris Dacus LICH President MAHALO TO LANDSCAPE INDUSTRY COUNCIL OF HAWAII SPONSORS WEBSITE SPONSORS BY CHRIS DACUS WHATS HAPPENING COLUMN NEWS PRESIDENT’S LICH CALENDAR OF EVENTS JULY 18 HAWAIIAN KAPA Lyon Arboretum, Honolulu JULY 18 PICKLES & FERMENTED FOODS Lyon Arboretum, Honolulu JULY 23-25 MIDPAC CONFERENCE & EXPO Hapuna Beach Prince Hotel, Big Island AUG 8 TRADITIONAL HAWAIIAN DYES Lyon Arboretum, Honolulu AUG 18-19 PESTICIDE RISK REDUCTION EDUCATION Hilo OCTOBER 8 LICH STATEWIDE CONFERENCE & TRADESHOW Neal Blaisdell Exhibition Hall, Oahu EXCELLENT TEACHER award given to Jonathan Deenick The 2015 SBA Awards honor two landscape professionals CTAHR Excellence in Teaching awardee Jonathan Deenik (TPSS) is also the recipient of the UH Chancellor’s Citation for Meritorious Teaching. He cites as his core principles a passion for teaching, the mastery of his subject, the expectation that students will rise to Sean Fong of Hawaiian Turf and Eric Tanouye of Green Point Nurseries won top honors at the Hawaii Business magazine 2015 SBA Awards. Sean Fong was named “Young En- trepreneur of the Year 2015” and Eric Tanouye was named the “2015 Entre- preneurial Success award” hosted by Hawaii Business magazine. his high standards, and the creation of a safe, nurturing learning environment. Jonathan Deenick has been a speaker at numerous LICH Conferences and his passionate presentations are always well attended and appreciated. Congrats Jonathan! Announcing: Pesticide short course in Hilo August 18-19 UH CTAHR is now accepting registrations for the “Pesticide Risk Reduction Education” short course in Hilo: ■■ In Hilo, August 18-19, 2015 (2 days) ■■ Registration deadline: July 20, 2015 ■■ Registration fee: $100 per person ■■ Studypacketfee(ifyouneedone):$35 This course would benefit people who want to be better informed about Sean has built a growing sod business from very humble beginnings. handling pesticides properly or prepare for the Hawaii Department of Agricul- ture’s certification exam for restricted use pesticides. (Certified applicators will not earn recertification credits by attending this course.) Please refer inquiries to me (808) 956-6007or to the complete announce- ment posted at: http://pestworld.stjohn. hawaii.edu/pat/schedule.html

4. NEAL BLAISDELL EXHIBITON HALL | 777 WARD AVENUE, HONOLULU, HI 96814 OCTOBER 8, 2015 | WWW.HAWAIISCAPE.COM/CONFERENCE Register here or online at www.hawaiiscape.com/conference CONFERENCE, Thursday, October 8, 2015 $125 member / $155 non-member: Includes all sessions, lunch, trade-show, and evening social $125 / $155 LUNCH ONLY – Box lunch and drink $15 EVENING SOCIAL ONLY, 2 Drinks and heavy pupus $25 Name Member # $ Name Member # $ Name Member # $ Name Member # $ Name Member # $ Name Member # $ BECOME A LICH MEMBER TODAY! Individual Membership $40 per year (new or renewal) Corporate Membership (includes entire company) $250 Circle one: New or Renew Name $ Company Address Phone Fax Cell Email Website Total enclosed for Conference & Membership $ Please mail form with your check Payable to LICH and mail to: 2015 LICH Conference, P.O. Box 22938, Honolulu, HI 96823 For information, contact Madeleine Shaw at 946-7055 Or visit our website at www.hawaiiscape.com/conference BACKTOBASICS, BUILDING FUTUREFOR THE LICHGREENINDUSTRY2015CONFERENCEANDTRADESHOW 15THANNUAL T hursday, October 8th is the date for this year’s LICH Conference and Trade show. Expect some new things on the trade show floor as well as some exciting speakers. This year’s theme is “Back to Basics” in which we go back to the root of landscaping and focus in on the many aspects that make up our business, including the business of landscaping! Expect to see a landscaped showpiece done by local Landscape Architect Dana Anne Yee, and a hands on classroom right on the trade show floor. Tom Witten, Chairman, PBR Hawaii and Associates, Inc. will be our ple- nary speaker talking about future growth and development opportunities in Hawaii. And just added in, Frank Delima! as our closing conference speaker as he lightens our hearts talking about diversity in the landscape workforce. Make it a point to join us this year as the businesses and the Landscape Industry prepare to get back to basics and build for our future! Purchase your tickets on line through Eventbrite or download the pdf to send in a check. Sign up for trade show booths and to become a sponsor as well. Please go to our website at: https:// www.hawaiiscape.com/conference/ Special thanks to our great sponsors who make this event happen every year! It’s not too late to sign up and be a part of Hawaii’s growing annual industry conference and trade show! LICHConference and Trade Show October 8th BRONZE SPONSORS SILVER SPONSORS GOLD SPONSORS 6 LANDSCAPE HAWAII JULY | AUGUST 2015

5. 8 LANDSCAPE HAWAII JULY | AUGUST 2015 T he 20th Annual MIDPAC Horticultural Conference & Expo, themed, “The Hawaiian Advantage” will be held on Thursday, July 23rd through Saturday, July 25th, 2015 at the Hapuna Beach Prince Hotel on the Big Island of Hawaii. Presented by the Hawaii Export Nursery Association (HENA), in partnership with the Ha- waii Floriculture & Nursery Association (HFNA) and the Orchid Growers of Hawaii (OGOH), this year’s MIDPAC will showcase a vast array of premium Hawaiian flowers, orchids and potted foliage. MIDPAC begins on Thursday when attendees can take a Guided Nursery Bus Tour of Big Island Plant & Foliage, Cali- fornia & Hawaii Foliage Growers, Green Point Nurseries, Hilo Orchid Farm Ha- waii, and Mauna Kea Orchids. The tour will give participants a chance to see the Hawaiian advantage as they tour each of these nurseries. In addition to displays of professional- ly designed plant and floral installations throughout the three-day event, the MIDPAC Horticultural Conference will feature six engaging industry professionals. Learn the latest design trends and understand how to sell the benefits of plants from Julie Davis Farrow, registered trainer, Green Plants for Green Buildings and Dr. Andy Kaufman, Associate Professor and Landscape Specialist for the University of Hawaii at Manoa College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR). World renowned, American Institute of Floral (AFID) designers Hitomi Gilliam, Lois Hiranaga, and Aniko Kovacs will present an illuminating demonstration of tropical nouveau wedding bouquets, center- pieces and event installations. Marketing, branding and growth strategies will be presented by Chris Beytes, editor of Grower Talks/ Green Profit and Jason Cupp, Kolbe certified consultant. Get up to date on relevant labor laws that affect your agricultural related business from Terence Trotter, Wage & Hour Division Director of the U.S. Department of Labor. The Thursday Welcome Cocktail Party, Friday Networking Dinner and Saturday Aloha Breakfast will give attendees plen- ty of opportunities to meet and socialize with other industry professionals from across the United States and Canada. You can obtain the complete conference schedule as well as MIDPAC registration forms by visiting www.hena. org. The HENA website also has a link to obtain registration forms from Hapuna Prince at significantly discounted rates for conference attendees. Questions can be addressed to info@hena.org. The 20th annual Hawaii MIDPAC Horticultural Conference & Expo is being sponsored by the Hawaii Department of Agricul- ture, the Hawaii County Department of Research & Development, and University of Hawaii at Manoa CTAHR and Coop- erative Extension Services. MIDPACConference & Expo BY ASHLEY STOCKDALE

6. Farmers, Ranchers, Fishermen and Country Home Owners NEED AN AGRICULTURAL LOAN? FCS of Hawaii, ACA is part of the Farm Credit System, a nationwide system of leading agricultural financial institutions which started in 1917. FCS of Hawaii,ACA has been doing business in Hawaii since 1966 through its subsidiary the Federal Land BankAssociation of Hawaii, FLCA. The FCS of Hawaii, ACA is not a Federal Agency of the Federal Government. Registered with Nationwide Mortgage Licensing System (NMLS ID# 613610). FARM CREDIT SERVICES OF HAWAII, ACA Federal Land Bank Assn. of Hawaii, FLCA, Hawaii Production Credit Assn. Purchase open land, build a dwelling, operating loans, line of credit, equipment purchase, truck or automobile purchase, livestock purchase, refinance a mortgage or an agreement of sale. Both the Federal Land Bank Association of Hawaii, FLCA and Hawaii Production Credit Association can custom design a loan to meet your needs. We Offer: Long term loans, short term loans, competitive interest rate programs, flexible repayment schedules, excellent loan servicing options, and many more. We also have programs for Young, Beginning, Small and Minority Farmers. oaHu office • 99-860 Iwaena Street, Suite A, Aiea, HI 96701 Ph: 808 836-8009 • Fax: 808 836-8610 • www.hawaiifarmcredit.com Hilo office • 988 Kinoole St., Hilo, HI 96720 Ph: 808 836-8009 • Fax: 808 961-5494 From: Neighbor Islands, Toll Free 1 800 894-4996 CALL ONE OF OUR LOAN OFFICERS AT: FCSH_LH2014-11_Layout 1 10/7/14 11:54 AM Page 1 10 LANDSCAPE HAWAII JULY | AUGUST 2015 THE VOICE OF HAWAII’S GREEN INDUSTRY HAWAIISCAPE.COM 11 Bench AGood BY VIRGINIA BURT PHOTOS COURTESY VIRGINIA BURT “Somewhere in every garden, there must be at least one spot, a quiet garden seat, in which a person – or two people – can reach into themselves and be in touch with nothing else but nature.” – Christopher Alexander S omewhere in every garden, there must be that perfect bench, as Christopher Al- exander so aptly puts it in his 1977 classic reference, A Pattern Language. That “quiet garden seat” will be most used, in my experience, when it is located within a spatial landscape archetype known as “Harbour”. The Harbour, one of seven landscape archetypes described by Julie Messervy in The Inward Garden (1996), is common to all healing gardens and in fact to all good garden design, whether for people who are healthy or those who are ill. Messervy defines the harbour as “a haven, an embracing space, a space of enclosure, a safe refuge for body and soul.” A bench within a Harbour feels safe, offering just enough privacy, yet remain- ing a part of the path or garden in which it sits. A Good Bench is usually set just off the main path, where it takes in the

7. 12 LANDSCAPE HAWAII JULY | AUGUST 2015 HAWAIISCAPE.COM 13THE VOICE OF HAWAII’S GREEN INDUSTRY INTRODUCING Beautiful, Durable, & Renewable Fused Bamboo for Exterior Use CALL: 808-834-1344 or VISIT: WWW.RWSHAWAII.COM 650 Kakoi St., Unit 200 Honolulu, HI 96819 - Since 1979 Decking Lumber Rain Clad Siding ® dasso.XTR view of a beautiful rock or a sculpture or a distant point. It may even be shaped in a semicircle, feeling like a literal harbour embracing those who sit there. Ideally, if we create a place where people will sit longer, they are apt to receive more of Nature’s inherent benefits. Across the world’s cultures, “sitting meditation is the universal posture used for accessing the human resource of wis- dom,” writes Angeles Arrien in The Four Fold Way. THE SEAT Good benches share several qualities. First, consider the seat itself including its comfort, materiality, and orientation to climate. Author Dr. John-Roger says “the amount the brain can take in, is as much as the butt is comfortable.” Yet too often in gardens for healthcare settings, one comes upon the ubiquitous white plastic chair overturned in a snowbank. Benches (or chairs) must be ergonom- ically designed, with backs and armrests. Assign a worthy budget for quality outdoor furniture. This will assist in creating visual coherence, and make the garden inviting. Sitting is ideally an invitation, rather than a navigation. Materiality becomes a multifaceted decision. Natural materials are always preferable due to our human biophilic tendencies. Ideally, the bench materials will be neutral with respect to ambient temperature absorption (neither too hot nor too cold). The material must also be well draining and relatively easy to maintain. Orientation, particularly in our Canadi- an climate, generally means facing south for warming sun exposure in winter, and providing shade in summer. In my own garden, seats face one another across an open expanse of lawn (hiding the septic field beneath). In summer, the north facing bench is shaded all morning by the tall hedge beyond; the south facing bench is shaded all afternoon. The opposite is true in winter. A QUIET BACK Creation of a quiet back is the second ingredient of a Good Bench. “Small spaces succeed by providing a sense of enclosure” (Kaplan, p.119). So often, people search for places to confront a poor prognosis or to comfort a loved one, or just to be alone. Privacy is often overlooked. On a bench that offers effective enclosure, we are able to track the area beyond, yet feel safely tucked within. This is more fully described in a new book by Clare Cooper Marcus and Naomi Sachs, Ther- apeutic Landscapes: An Evidence-Based Approach to Designing Healing Gardens and Restorative Outdoor Spaces, which explores Jay Appleton’s prospect and refuge theory. His theory postulates that “the ability to see with a clear view (prospect) from a safe vantage point without being seen (refuge) and without potential danger (hazard) is most comfortable and thus most preferred.” A Good Bench should have a quiet back, perhaps formed by a wall, shrubs approximately three feet high, a thick tree trunk, or evergreens. SOMETHING TO LOOK AT… Third, a Good Bench offers something to look at. Christopher Alexander, again, continued on page 25

8. HAWAIISCAPE.COM 1514 LANDSCAPE HAWAII JULY | AUGUST 2015 For Information call: 808-677-1580 or visit www.tensarnagreen.com A ccording to a recent ASLA report, Fire pits/Fireplaces were ranked the highest in expected popularity for 2015 desired outdoor design elements. Landscape architects are anticipated to receive an increase in fire pit installation requests, ASLA notes. “Consumers care about designed landscapes that are attractive, easy to take of and eco-friendly,” states Nancy Sommerville, executive vice president and CEO of ASLA.* Fire pits are certainly an attractive landscape design feature and give residents an atmosphere suited for family gatherings and outdoor entertainment. There are three different types of fire pits available to consumers: traditional wood-burning, natural gas, or propane-liquid. There are some things to consider when presenting these options to your buyers. With liquid propane, it is important to note that it offers buyers a portable option. Natural gas fire pits can be cheaper if your buyer expects to use it often, by connecting it to the house’s gas line. When comparing traditional wood- burning fire pits to gas, consumers might be surprised to discover the benefits of using gas fire pits. Although it is obvious they don’t have a smell or smoke, this can be a very important selling feature for people with respiratory issues. They are also much easier to maintain and install, saving you labor costs. As Nancy Sommerville notes, consumers like easy maintenance and eco-friendly options which gas fire pits fulfill. From an aes- thetic point of view, gas fireplaces offer more design options for the upscale buyer and high-end user. For a more traditional design, consider using artificial log sets. For modern designs, using lava media, volcanic stones, fire glass, gems, or nug- gets works great for gas fire pits. Here are some tips for installing a gas fire pit: ■■ Install on a level surface away from flammable material ■■ Consult the fire pit manufacturer’s installation guide for specific minimum distance requirements ■■ Always turn off gas supply before installation ■■ Observe local gas codes before hooking it to house’s gas line when using natural gas or even for liquid propane ■■ Place the holes down to avoid clog- ging of the pipes due to weather ■■ Always check for gas leaks after installation ■■ For annual service, ensure the control compartment, burners and circulat- ing air passageways of the fire pit are kept clean. ■■ When adding lava or glass media, it is best not to exceed ½” above burner. ■■ When adding volcanic stone or log sets, it is best to use lava granules as a base (not higher than ½” above burner). It is important to educate your buyers with simple steps they can take to maintain their fire pit. They should always wipe away any brush or flammable material. Stones and pavers will eventual- ly erode so it is necessary to protect them with a thin coating of sealant. Applying a thick layer causes bubbling thereby reducing the effectiveness of the sealant. HISCO carries many types of sealants for different stone or granite material. To avoid weather damage, consumers should cover their fire pit with a waterproof vinyl tarp. Keeping your consumers informed will make it easier for you upon annual servicing. Visit your local HISCO to get all the materials you need to install a fire pit at your next job! HISCO (Hawaiian Irrigation Supply Company, Inc.) has served your local com- munity for over 40 years, providing the best in irrigation, landscape and outdoor living supplies. *Source: “Redesigned Survey Reveals Latest Residential Landscape Design Trends” by American Society of Landscape Architects. Published 3-24-2015. http://www.asla.org/ NewsReleaseDetails.aspx?id=46048 Other sources used: “Maintaining a Fire Pit” by doityourself.com. http://www.doityourself.com/stry/maintaining-a-fire-pit#b “How to Hook Up the Gas for a Fire Pit” by diynetwork.com. http://www.diynetwork. com/how-to/outdoors/structures/how-to- hook-up-the-gas-for-a-fire-pit American Fyre Designs Instruction Manual by RH Peterson. http://americanfyredesigns. com/pdf/H2-005.pdf Photos courtesy of American Fyre Designs by RH Peterson. http://americanfyredesigns. com/fire-urns/ Tipsyouneedonthe selection,installation andmaintenanceof firepitsandfireplaces BY JIM KINNEY Fire Pits Stucco Gas Fire Pit Marseille Liquid Propane Fire Bowl PHOTOS BY AMERICAN FYRE DESIGNS THE VOICE OF HAWAII’S GREEN INDUSTRY

9. BY ANDREW DEDRICK Color? Got 16 LANDSCAPE HAWAII JULY | AUGUST 2015 THE VOICE OF HAWAII’S GREEN INDUSTRY HAWAIISCAPE.COM 17 Potterycancreatethat splashofcolorwhen furnishingalandscape “Often people get trapped in a color palate. Pottery allows us to break out of the trappings of a monotone canvas” I n Hawaii’s sub-tropics, we’re surrounded by natural beauty and color. Our landscape designs are often expressions and celebrations of these surroundings. One factor that can make or break a landscape set- ting is color balance. Pottery is an ultra simple and inexpen- sive way to bring the color palette of any landscape project to the next level. Just one piece can transform ordinary into extraordinary — from conservative rustic earth tone to bold splashes of color. “When you’re furnishing a landscape, pottery is an excellent way to enhance the attractiveness and livability of any project,” says Randall Monaghan of Monaghan Landscape Architects. Key placement of pottery can add richness and variation to a hardscape element, as well as color in a bed of vegeta- tive green. Pieces comes in array of styles and colors — blue, green, red, orange, yellow, silver, black and more — allowing the homeowner or client to match colors that express their personal tastes. “Often people get trapped in a color palate. Pottery allows us to break out of the trappings of a monotone canvas,” says Geobunga owner Andrew Dedrick. Examples of well-placed pottery can be seen across the state, from private homes on the Kona Coast to shopping centers in Poipu to everywhere else in between. Andrew Dedrick is the Executive Director of Geobunga.

10. 18 LANDSCAPE HAWAII JULY | AUGUST 2015 TRAINING Certified 2015Landscape Maintenance TrainingStarts inAugust! A fter a highly successful Landscape Industry Cer- tified Technician training and testing program in 2014 that certified 16 candidates in Ornamental Maintenance, LICT-Exterior, MALP is ready for a repeat performance starting in August 2015. The first class begins Monday, August 10th. The deadline to register is July 20th. When students register for the six classes with MALP, they are also paying for and registering for the LICT Test which will be given on September 10th (Written Tests) and September 12th (Field Test). Each student also receives a Maintenance Training Manual. For all information and registration, contact Allison Wright at 808 268-6927. Email: allisonwright07@aol.com Enrollment is limited to 25 Students. Payment must be received at time of registration. Registration is taken in the order it is received. Find more information at http://lict-maui.malp.org/ Cost: Includes Training Manual, All Classes & All Testing Fees MALP Members - $745.00 • Non-MALP Members - $800.00 DATE CLASS TITLE INSTRUCTOR August 10 - Mon Introduction Allison Wright Landscape Plan Reading and Calculations Bill Mitchell August 17 - Mon Irrigation: pipe components & principals, TBD basic programming of controllers, lateral pipe repair, sprinkler head adjustment, etc August 24 - Mon Botany & Plant ID TBD August 31 - Mon Tree & Plant Care - Pruning, Staking, Planting & Maintenance TBD September 5 - Sat Equipment Field Day /Communication Kevin Gavagan & Work Orders - power blowers, chainsaws, hedge trimmers, pole pruners September 7 - Mon Final Review Allison Wright September 10- Thurs Written Test Garrett Webb, Administrator September 12 - Sat Field Test Kevin Gavagan September 26 - Sat Test Retakes - administered on an TBD as needed basis LICT TESTheld in Kona 17th The Twenty candidates impressed the Judges with their focus, intelligence and professionalism. Candidates testing their irrigation skills. The 17th Landscape Industry Certified Technician Test held in Kona took place under blue skies at the UH Extension in Kainaliu. Candidates taking a break in the shade. Giving the shaka at the rototill exercise The 2015 Test Judges. PHOTOS BY GARRETT WEBB THE VOICE OF HAWAII’S GREEN INDUSTRY HAWAIISCAPE.COM 19

11. HAWAIISCAPE.COM 21THE VOICE OF HAWAII’S GREEN INDUSTRY Scag mowers are constructed with durable steel frames, fabricated steel cutter decks and reliable components to keep you in the grass and out of the repair shop. Operator comfort, easy maneuverability and a beautiful quality-of-cut are built into each Scag mower. They deliver productive mowing, day after day – with results you and your customers can be proud of. SCAG OFFERS A WIDE RANGE OF MOWERS THAT WILL ADD DOLLARS TO YOUR BOTTOM LINE AND GIVE YOUR BUSINESS AN EDGE OVER THE COMPETITION. Call for free consultation and demo! Waipahu 808-676-5534 - Honolulu 808-848-5534 • Model SFZ48-26BS • 26 hp engine • Sale price $6,956 • Retail price $7,956 • Save $1000 • Financing available • Parts in stock The Scag Freedom Z 48” LandscapeIndustry CouncilofHawai’i P.O.Box22938 HonoluluHI96823-2938 PRESORTED STANDARD U.S.POSTAGEPAID HONOLULU,HI PERMITNO.1023 $3.95 T h E V o i C E o f h A W A i i ’ S G R E E N i N D U S T R Y THE GOOD GUYS Creating an inviting landscape for insects HIGH RISK Electrical Hazard Awareness and Avoidance for Tree Workers LANDSCAPE HAWAI‘I is the most affordable and the only publication that reaches the entire professional diversity and statewide Hawai‘i distribution of the landscape industry. It is owned, written, and published by the landscape industry serving Hawai‘i’s landscape industry for 25 years. The magazine is an educational, professional, four-color, bi-monthly magazine that reaches Hawai‘i’s landscape industry professionals with a circulation of over 6,000 copies mailed bi-monthly and a statewide readership of over 20,450. LANDSCAPE HAWAII readers represent Hawai‘i’s most active and influential landscape professionals. LANDSCAPE HAWAII is the one source for telling your story to Hawai‘i’s landscape industry. Advertise with us today, contact Michael Roth at rothcomm@lava.net or (808) 595-4124 DISPLAY RATES Rates are net and include 4 color. Rates do not include 4.712% Hawaii Excise Tax. DISPLAY AD RATES LandscapeIndustry CouncilofHawai’i P.O.Box22938 HonoluluHI96823-2938 PRESORTED STANDARD U.S.POSTAGEPAID HONOLULU,HI PERMITNO.1023 N E I G H B O R I S L A N D F O C U S APRIL | MAY 2012 $3.95 T h e V o I c e o f h A W A I I ’ S G R e e N I N D U S T R Y HILAACTIVITIES The Hapuna Beach Prince Hotel host Landscape Maintenance Training classes KAUAI WORKSHOPS The promotion of horticultural topics of interest help educate consumersMAUI TREE CONFERENCE Brought together tree care professionals to promote better tree maintenance T H E V O I C E O F H A W A I I ’ S G R E E N I N D U S T R Y LandscapeIndustry CouncilofHawai’i P.O.Box22938 HonoluluHI96823-2938 PRESORTED STANDARD U.S.POSTAGEPAID HONOLULU,HI PERMITNO.1023 L E G I S L A T O R ’ S G U I D E FEBRUARY | MARCH 2012 $3.95 T H E V o i C E o F H A W A i i ’ S G R E E N i N D U S T R Y RE-LAMPING Sustainable lighting with LEDs INFESTATION A new wave of Coqui frogs continue to arrive on O‘ahu despite best efforts IN SESSION Certified Landscape training classes to start up soon LANDSCAPEHAWAII.ORG 20 2 5 T H A N N I V E R S A R Y I S S U E AUGUST| SEPTEMBER 2011 $3.95 T H E V O I C E O F H A W A I I ’ S G R E E N I N D U S T R Y THE WILD WEST OF ARBORICULTURE LICHCELEBRATES25 YEARSThe seed was planted to unify the industry in 1985 LICH’sRESEARCHINITIATIVEWith the goal to help policy makers and researchers prioritize their resources for the green industry Early days in the industry was ﬁlled with hard workers and colorful characters $3.95 T H E V O I C E O F H A W A I I ’ S G R E E N I N D U S T R Y CELEBRATES With the goal to help policy makers OF ARBORICULTURE ADVERTISEMENT VERTICAL HORIZONTAL 1x 3x 6x Premium Page 7” x 9.5” 7” x 9.5” $1,914 $1,696 $1,463 Full Page 7” x 9.5” 7” x 9.5” $1,466 $1,300 $1,121 2/3 Page 4.5” x 9.5” — $1,294 $1,150 $1,006 Half Page 4.5” x 7” 6.875” x 4.625” $1,093 $989 $891 1/3 Page 2.125” x 9.5” 4.5” x 4.625” $880 $799 $713 1/6 Page 2.125 x 4.625 4.5” x 2.25” $690 $633 $592 20 LANDSCAPE HAWAII JULY | AUGUST 2015 ADVERTISE WITH US BY GARRETT WEBB CORNER CERTIFICATION CE Credits - Certification at the Conference The LICH Annual Conference is the ideal event if you are a Landscape In- dustry Certified Technician. Attend the conference to: increase your knowledge, enhance your skill level, check out new equipment and other landscape products AND pick up much needed Continuing Education Units! You will receive 5 CEUs for attending the educational sessions and 1 additional CEU for attending the Trade Show, for a total of 6 CEUs for the day. These CEUs are vital to stay re-certified with the National Association of Landscape Professionals (NALP), which is the new name for PLANET. Staying current with your national certification keeps your company on the Hire a Pro- fessional list on the LICH web site, www.hawaiiscapes.com. Amnesty Always wanted to re-certify nationally, but never quite got around to it? You are not alone! Before attending our annual state landscape Conference, write down the CEUs you have accumulated in 2014 and 2015. This includes: all workshops and educational events you have attended; having served as a Judge or JTA at an LICT field test (8 service CEUs maximum allowed in a two year period); and even company safety meetings count (a 15 minute meeting is worth .25 CEU). Bring that information and a check made out to NALP for $85.00 to the LICT / LICH Booth at the Trade Show, and we will help to make sure that you get re-certified! Landscape Industry Certified Manager Test This exam is designed for exterior or interior landscape contractor business owners or managers, or those on the management fast-track. This is a five and a half hour written exam covering: Corporate Finance, Exterior (or Interior) Production/ Operation & Horticulture; Human Resourc- es; Leadership and Corporate Citizenship; Marketing and Sales Management; Risk, Law & Contracts; and Strategic Planning. The exam will be offered on Friday, October 9th at the Pearl City Urban Garden Center. To find out more, to order study material or to register for the exam, go to Certifications Page on the LICH web site. The exam is offered every year by LICH. An applicant who registers for the exam can take up to three years to prepare for the test. Call Garrett for more information at 808 960-3650. Garrett Webb, Landscape Indus- try Certified Manager (LICM) is the State Administrator for the Hawaii LICT Program and board member for LICH.

12. 22 LANDSCAPE HAWAII JULY | AUGUST 2015 HAWAIISCAPE.COM 23THE VOICE OF HAWAII’S GREEN INDUSTRY Hawaiian Cast Stone Veneer & Landscaping Stone products Made in Hawaii We’ve been Making Hawaii Rock for more than 30 years! Moss & Lava Pavers 1050 Kikowaena Place, Honolulu HI 96819 Call 834-7625 Toll 866-344-7625 www.bigrockhawaii.com Weekly 8-4:30 Saturday 8-2:00 WE SHIP TO ALL ISLANDS! Bamboo Fountain Kits Made on Oahu with pride & aloha Stock readily available . We ship weekly Hundreds of items, a landscaper’s dream! Wholesale pricing for business orders. BY PHYLLIS JONES TIPS TOOL M ake no mistake all hedges are not created equal. In Hawaii, where lot sizes are smaller and creating a perimeter boundary to delineate property lines and/or spaces, and create additional privacy, hedges seem to be the ideal solution. Not only can they add color and texture, they are sometimes a dec- orative element to break-up a monotonous, flat space. Many different plants can be used for hedges, and the height of the hedge can vary according to its purpose. In some situations, the height is specified in the contract (or scope of work), in others, it is the aes- thetic that dictates the appearance (height and width). No matter what the situation, hedges, like all plants, need to be maintained on a regular basis. Often the time between trimming is determined by the amount of sunlight and the amount of water. The tool of choice the: HEDGE TRIM- MER. The hedge trimmer is more than a line trimmer with a different cutter head. Here are some truths common to all hedge trimmers. Hedge trimmers come in a variety of styles and lengths (We will be discussing commercial, gas powered trimmers; not corded electric units which have shorter blades, and cost a fraction of the commercial units.) In general, hedge trimmers are more expensive than line trimmers, averaging between $400.00 to $550.00. There are more parts to maintain, even though it is used less often than a line trimmer. Before purchasing a hedge trimmer, identify the height of the hedge and the size of the branches you will be trimming. Remember you will not be buying a hedge trimmer every year, so you need to antic- ipate the rate of growth of the plant and know how tall and wide you want the hedge. There are size limits to the cutting capacity of the trimmer, but the specs may not apply to the type of plant that you will be cutting. You need to know if you will only be cutting new growth, or cutting back 12” on an old mockorange hedge. If the hedge is old, and woody, the hedge trimmer may not be the appropriate tool. (You may do better with a small chain saw to cut through the woody branches.) Most commercial hedge trimmers say that they will cut between one half to three quarters of an inch. This number is approximate and based on the plant material AND sharpness of the blades. The additional cost of hedge trimmers is related to 1) The cutter gear case, and 2) The hardened steel of the blades. The cutter gear case is like an additional machine, it is the part that makes the blades move back and forth. It is made up of a cam gear, connecting rods and bearings. Most have a grease fitting which enables greasing on a regular basis. When the blades are “forced” from cutting things that are too hard and/or too big – 1) the gear case internal parts will jam and break, and the cutter blades will not work; and/or 2) the blades will become damaged and will need to be replaced. (Do not use the hedge trimmer if the blades are broken.) In order to replace the blades, the gear case will need to be opened up, and parts replaced. HAND-HELD, EXTENDED REACH. SINGLE/DOUBLE SIDED. Hedge trimmer generally need to cut horizontally (the top of the hedge) and vertically (the sides of the hedge). Know the height and width of the hedge that you will be cutting. For hedges that can be reached while standing on the ground, the hand held (24”, 30”, 40”) is usually the trimmer of choice. Single sided trimmers are usually 30” or 40”. With these trimmers you can only cut in one direction. The double-sided trimmer allows you to cut in both directions, but usually comes in shorter lengths. In either case, operators should wear protective leg gear to prevent injuries. There are some safety videos for non-believers about the dangers when using hedge trimmers. For taller hedges, rather than using a ladder, consider either a short shaft (half the length of a line trimmer shaft) or an extended reach hedge trimmer (the same length shaft as a hedge trimmer). The extended reach comes with an articulating cutter head allowing the operator to cut the horizontal portion of a tall hedge while standing on the ground. No matter which style of hedge trimmer you have, BLADES NEED TO BE SHARPENED to get a clean, crisp cut. The Do you know enough to buy a HEDGE TRIMMER? Beforepurchasinga trimmertakeinto accountsizeandrate ofgrowthofhedge bolts and nuts holding the blades together need to be checked and adjusted. If the bolts are too loose, the blades will not meet properly; if they are too tight, the blades will not move. I recently spoke with a grounds supervi- sor who had several hedge trimmers which were not working. I asked him if he thought that this was a coincidence. I suggested that he examine what they were trying to cut, or the way that the operators were using the machine, before he bought a new machine. It was like a light went on—he hadn’t thought about that. Get the right tool for the job. Phyllis Jones is with A to Z Equipment and Sales, formally A to Z Rental Center, in business for over 25 years.

13. 24 LANDSCAPE HAWAII JULY | AUGUST 2015 HAWAIISCAPE.COM 25THE VOICE OF HAWAII’S GREEN INDUSTRY MORBARK® WOOD HOG 2600 Hot Deals. Online. Anytime. 877.683.1032 nessturf.com MORBARK DOES IT ALL This compact, yet powerful Morbark machine is equipped with 325 horsepower that can easily transform your waste into a saleable product. LANDSCAPE INDUSTRY COUNCIL OF HAWAII Renew your membership online at www.hawaiiscape.com Privacy Disclaimer – LICH reserves all rights to contact all magazine subscribers via mail or electronic with option to opt out of communications. LICH reserves all rights to print contact information for an industry directory. LICH will not sell or provide contact information to any third party unless legally mandated. Individual Membership: $40 per year | Corporate Membership: $250 per year and includes all employees. Corporate membership includes five magazine subscriptions. Company: Individual member names: Circle Renew or New Address: 1. R N City: State: Zip: 2. R N Phone: Fax: 3. R N E-Mail: 4. R N Web Site: Add more on additional sheet if necessary Make check payable to LICH You may also pay by credit card, (Master or VISA only) Name on card: Amount to charge $: Card number: Card Code: Expiration date: Mail to: LICH Membership, P.O. Box 22938, Honolulu, HI 96823-2938 Renew your membership online at www.hawaiiscape.com 2015 Membership New / Renewal Application Valid through December 2015M ▪ Arborist/Tree Worker ▪ Botanist/Conservation ▪ Facility/Site Manager ▪ Landscaper ▪ Owner ▪ Landscape Architect/Designer ▪ Manufacturer ▪ Pesticide Applicator ▪ Researcher/Student ▪ Retailer/Wholesaler Other:________________________________ ▪ Botanical Garden ▪ Conservation Agency ▪ Golf Course ▪ Government Agency ▪ Landscape Design Firm ▪ Landscape Construction ▪ Landscape Maintenance ▪ Plant Nursery ▪ Retailer ▪ School/University ▪ Wholesaler ▪ Tree Trimming ▪ LICH ▪ AAA ▪ ASLA ▪ BIAN ▪ GCSAA ▪ HAN ▪ HFBF ▪ HFNA ▪ HILA ▪ HLICA ▪ ISA ▪ KLIC ▪ MALP ▪ ONGA ▪ USGBC Others:_________________ Others:_________________ Others:_________________ Others:_________________ 5 How many full-time and part-time employees in your company? ▪ 1 to 10 ▪ 11 to 25 ▪ 26 to 50 ▪ 50 to 100 ▪ 101+ 4 Company’s Specialization: *Required Field__________________________________________________________________________ 3 Associations: *Required Field (Select all that apply): 2 My Company or Department is: *Required Field (Select all that apply): 1 I Am A: *Required Field (Select all that apply): NEW CORPORATE MEMBERSHIP Includes All Employees GOODBENCHcontinued from page 12 is frank: “Where outdoor seats are set down without regard for view...they will almost certainly be useless,” he writes. To help create a meditative space, particularly in healing gardens, provide a natural distraction, also known as a ‘fascination’. There are so many to choose from, from sculptures to aspects of nature aptly described by Kaplan, Kaplan and Ryan, in With People In Mind. “Nature is well en- dowed with objects of fascination in flora, fauna, water and the endless play of light.” In my experience, these ingredients will create wonderful places to sit. I spoke one day to a cancer survivor, who was sitting on a carved bench custom made to fit most garden visitors perfectly – a Good Bench that has a quiet back formed by a curving wall, and offers a view of low plantings and spruces, with a lovely church window and tower beyond. “I have been treated twice for cancer at Uni- versity Hospitals in the past seven years and today I am a happily, healthy person who rarely thinks of myself as a cancer survivor,” she said. “As I … sat quietly by myself on one of the rocks that creates a private space at the back of the garden, a wave of emotion washed over me that was completely unexpected.” These unexpected moments are so often due to the salutogenic design of a good bench – design that encourages use, vitality, health and wellness. Virginia Burt, ASLA, FCSLA, of Vision- scapes Landscape Architects, designs gardens of meaning for residential and healthcare facilities. Well known for healing gardens, labyrinths and sacred spaces since the incep- tion of her award winning firm, Virginia has over 29 years of experience. Clients, including University Hospitals, appreciate her focus on gardens that have heart. Reprinted with permission from the Canadian Society of Landscape Architects, Landscapes Magazine. Originally published in Volume 16, No 2, 2014” “A haven, an embracing space, a space of enclosure, a safe refuge for body and soul.”

14. HAWAIISCAPE.COM 27THE VOICE OF HAWAII’S GREEN INDUSTRY BY CHARLES NAGAMINE LABEL THE PESTICIDE What to Add and When Adjuvants: Cooperative Extension Service College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa RECERTIFICATION CREDITS may be earned by certified applicators that score at least 70% on the set of comprehension evaluation questions about the “recertification” articles in this newsletter. These articles have a title, which ends with “(recertification)”. However, credits may not necessarily be applicable for the following categories: Private 2, Private 3, Commercial 7f, and Commercial 11. The question sets (quizzes) are written and administered by the Hawaii Department of Agriculture (HDOA) staff. Ask about earning recertification credits at one of these HDOA offices area code (808): Kauai 274-3069, Oahu 973-9409, Maui, Lanai and Molokai (call Hilo, toll free) 984-2400 ext. 44142 followed by #, Hawaii 974-4143. This is the last of four articles about spraying crops and weeds. It is based on the Purdue Extension publication, “Adju- vants and the Power of the Spray Droplet (PPP-107).” P esticide products on the market contain more than just active ingredients. They contain other ingredients added by manufacturers to stabilize the product and protect its performance. Glycol may be included in water-based formulations, for example, to stabilize them during a freeze-thaw cycle. Glycol won’t keep the pesticide from freezing, but will protect it from degrading when the product thaws. There may be additives to thicken a formulation or stabilize chemicals. Surfactants or other adjuvants may also be included in pesticides to improve their function. The addition of adjuvants to pesticide products by the manufacturer, however, has disadvantages. An adjuvant that is compatible with the active ingredient under dilute conditions may be incom- patible in the concentrated product. Similarly, an organosilicone surfactant may be stable in a spray tank, but unstable on a shelf after several years. The active ingredient, or ingredients, is the most valuable component of the pesticide product. Therefore, manufacturers strive to present the most effective product in a stable, easy to use formulation. Adding adjuvants, however, increases the cost of the product and may make it less competitive on the market. Manufacturers have several reasons to leave the addition of adjuvants to the applicator. Therefore, applicators must consider a number of factors when pre- paring a spray mixture. ■■ Local water quality features, such as pH and hardness. ■■ Final volume of the spray. The amount of adjuvant is usually calculated on a volume-to-volume rate and the manufacturer cannot know the requirements of the individual applicator. ■■ Local differences in the target pest. A pest may be more difficult to control in some areas and require more or less of an adjuvant. Timing and crop tolerance also need to be considered. ■■ Local or regional weather conditions that may influ ence the amount of adjuvant need ed. In hot, dry weather for example, humectants (evaporation retardants) and drift retardants may be needed. They usually are unnecessary in wetter, more humid climates, how ever, and adding them would be an unnecessary expense for the manu facturer. Keytopesticidesafety andeducation Individual results may vary. Roundup Technology® includes Monsanto’s glyphosate-based herbicide technologies. ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW PESTICIDE LABEL DIRECTIONS. Roundup PROMAX and Design,® Roundup PROMAX,® Roundup Technology® and TRUEBLUE ADVANTAGE PROVEN RELIABLE SUPPORTED and Design™ are trademarks of Monsanto Technology LLC. Always read and follow grain marketing and all other stewardship practices and pesticide label directions. ©2014 Monsanto Company. Get to the root of the problem. Faster. For more information, contact your local dealer or visit MonsantoITO.com ROUNDUP PROMAX® IS A CONCENTRATED AND SUPERIOR FORMULATION THAT CONTROLS TOUGH WEEDS, BRUSH AND VINES IN TOUGH CONDITIONS IN UNDER 30 MINUTES. Roundup PROMAX is weatherproof in signiﬁcantly less time than imitators. Roundup PROMAX offers a 30-minute rainfast warranty. Roundup PROMAX provides fast, consistent results every time you spray.

15. HAWAIISCAPE.COM 29THE VOICE OF HAWAII’S GREEN INDUSTRY WWW.AMERICANMACHINERYHAWAII.COM The pesticide label gives the applicator information developed over years of testing by the manufacturer. This information may include: a specific recom- mendation to use an adjuvant, whether adjuvants are prohibited, or provide no information about an adjuvant. Adjuvants “Unless specific tank mix directions are given in Corn Use Directions, always use a methylated seed oil (MSO) or a pe- troleum-based vegetable seedbased oil concentrate (COC) with [product name].” —from the “Additives” section of an herbicide label Labels Prohibiting Specific Adjuvants Sometimes pesticide labels will state that the use of an adjuvant is unnecessary, will make the pesticide less effective, or may injure the crop. If spray drift control is a component of a new pesticide, manufacturers may warn that adding other adjuvants may increase drift. Though the applicator takes full responsibility for possible unintended consequences, the use of adjuvants can produce excellent results. The decision is assisted by knowing the following: ■■ Set-up of the sprayer ■■ Properties of the water in the tank mix ■■ Main pests being targeted ■■ Rate of pesticide and volume of water used ■■ Environmental conditions. ■■ Previous experience with the pesticide and adjuvant. Spray Drift “The best drift management strategy and most effective way to reduce drift potential is to apply large droplets that provide sufficient coverage and control. Applying larger droplets reduces drift potential but will not prevent drift if applications are made improperly or under unfavorable environmental conditions.” —from the “Managing Off-Target Mo Pesticide labels may describe conditions that suggest a type of adjuvant may Labels on some adjuvant products may warn users as follows: ■■ “High relative humidity may in crease the risk of temporary discol oration. Use of surfactants is not recommended.” ■■ “Use only nonionic surfactant on ornamentals. Do not use a crop oil concentrate with [product name] on ornamentals.” ■■ “Do not add surfactants, additives containing surfactants, buffering agents, or pH-adjusting agents to the spray solution when [product name] is the only pesticide used.” ■■ “Certain spray tank additives (adju vants, wetting agents, surfactants), liquid fertilizers, and tank mixtures containing emulsifiable concen trates may reduce the selectivity on turfgrass. Use adjuvants and spray additives or tankmix combinations only when your experience indicates that the tank mixture will not result in objectionable turf injury.” If adjuvants are already included in a pesticide product, adding more may be unnecessary, reduce effectiveness, or cause crop damage. For example, adding a surfactant to a fast-acting herbicide can increase the risk of injury to the crop. The label of one herbicide has the following warning: “Temporary discoloration of some turf types may result from use of surfactants or adjuvants with [product name]. High temperatures and high relative humidity may increase the risk of temporary discoloration. Use of surfactants is not recommended.” be effective. For example, it may state that when applying the pesticide in low relative humidity the equipment should be adjusted to produce larger spray droplets. You may be able to accomplish this, however, by using a humectant to keep smaller droplets from evaporating. Or you might use a deposition or retention (drift suppressing) agent that would increase the overall size of the droplets. Representatives from pesticide manufacturers, consultants, local crop advisors, or university extension agents may offer important advice. They not only have the When Labels Say Nothing About Adjuvants The manufacturer may not recommend or prohibit the use of adjuvants to its product. If the label does not prohibit the addition of an adjuvant, it is not against state or federal law to do so. Pesticide products are often formulated for various types of applications and some situations may require adjuvants when others do not. Tank Mixes “If this product is used in combination with any other product except as specifically recommended in writing by [the manufacturer] then [the manufacturer] shall have no liability for any loss, damage, or injury arising out of its use in any such combination not so specifically recommended.” —from the “Uses With Other Products” section of an herbicide label There is a wide range of adjuvants on the market and they are constantly changing. Pesticide manufacturers cannot test them all. Changing the pesticide label is also time-consuming and must be approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Therefore, manufacturers may only make general recommendations on their labels, to give more flexibility of use to the consumer and not to discour- age the makers of adjuvants from devel- oping new products. If an adjuvant is not recommended on the pesticide label, however, the responsibility for its use is the applicator’s alone. The manufacturer of the adjuvant may specify on their label that the surfactant “is recommended for use with those pesticides whose label recommends a nonionic wetter/spreader-type adjuvant,” or “Always refer to the label on the product before using [name of adjuvant product] or any other product.” experience, they may know if research has been done with the pesticide product or adjuvant for a specific pest and on a particular crop. For more information about buying and using adjuvants get the September 2014 publication, “Adjuvants and the Power of the Spray Droplet: Improving the Performance of Pesticide Applications” This colorful booklet, PPP-107, is available from Purdue Extension Publications at https://edustore.purdue.edu/newsearch. asp . It can be purchased for $5, or down- loaded for free. 28 LANDSCAPE HAWAII JULY | AUGUST 2015

16. 30 LANDSCAPE HAWAII JULY | AUGUST 2015 Plumeria RUST BY CAROL KWAN PHOTOS BY SCOT NELSON P lumeria is a popular ornamental plant in Hawaii and also serves as a sig- nificant floricultural crop with average annual sales of flowers in the State of over $500K per year, primarily for the lei industry. In 1991, Plumeria rust leaf disease became established on Oahu and quickly spread throughout the State. It is easily recognized by its yellow spots on the leaves with yellow-orange powdery spore masses on the underside of leaves. Most Plumeria cultivars grown in Hawaii are susceptible. Plumeria rust is caused by the fungus Coleosporium plumeriae. The pathogen infects only the leaves, not the stems or flowers. When leaves are severely dis- eased, they may dry, curl, become distort- ed, and drop from the tree. Total defolia- tion of the tree may occur. The disease is more of a problem in warm, moist areas. While treatment with listed fungicides such as Eagle (40 WP or 20EW) with an active ingredient of mycobutanil or Heritage with an active ingredient of azoxystrobin is possible, planting resistant species or hybrids is a better option. Plumeria stenopetala and Plumeria caracasana have been found to be highly resistant to this disease. Growing Plume- rias in drier areas with wider spacings to enhance airflow also helps to reduce infestations of Plumeria rust, as does avoiding monocultures. Picking up and destroying fallen leaves may also help since these are a source of spores. Some biological control agents of Plumeria rust have been reported, including fungal hy- perparasites and a midge insect predator. Spraying fungicides or insecticides may disrupt the life cycles of these biological control agents. Carol Kwan is the President of Carol Kwan Consulting, a Certified Arborist, and a Director of Aloha Arborist Association and the Western Chapter International Society of Arboriculture. Reference: Plumeria Rust, Scot Nelson, University of Hawai‘i at Manoa College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources Cooper- ative Extension Service, Plant Disease, Jan. 2009, PD-61, http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/ oc/freepubs/pdf/pd-61.pdf. TheiconicPlumeria hasbeenhardhitwitha fungaldiseasestatewide COLUMN PEST Plumeria with rust. Underside of leaf with Plumeria rust. Top view of Plumeria leaf infested with rust.

17. Canoga Park • Chula Vista • City of Industry • Corona • El Cajon • Encinitas • Escondido • Lake Forest • Orange • Palm Desert Ontario • San Bernardino • San Diego • San Juan Capistrano • Temecula • Valencia • Vista • Oahu, Hawaii Personalized Customer Service and Technical Support Free Ongoing Professional Education Extensive Inventories to Ensure Product Availability Preferred Source for Irrigation and Landscape Supplies LANDSCAPE LIGHTING • LANDSCAPE TOOLS • POWER EQUIPMENT • FERTILIZERS • AMENDMENTS • WEED & PEST CONTROL • OUTDOOR LIVING 1 8 L O C A T I O N S T H R O U G H O U T S O U T H E R N C A L I F O R N I A & H A W A I I H A W A I I ’ S 800-395-4477 www.hiscosales.com SUBSCRIBE TO OUR EMAIL LIST VISIT WWW.HYDROSCAPE.COMQUOTES@HYDROSCAPE.COM

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