2. Laura Johnson
1.
2.
3. Short Films
4. Promotional Videos
5. Film Trailers
6. User-Generated Content
7. Viral Marketing
8. Advertising
9. Virtual Tours Games
10.E-Learning
11.Digital Video Capture
12. Compression
13. Digital Video Formats
14. Digital Video Formats (2nd page)
15.Streaming Methods
16. Data Transfer Rate
17. File Size
18. Aspect Ratio
19. Media Players
20. Digital Rights
3. Laura Johnson
Short Films
A short film is any film that is not long enough to be classed as a
feature film. Its a short clip that's been filmed using video
capture. Short films are used all the time weather its business,
professional or just for fun. Students enjoy making short films for
YouTube or blogs. There are lots of competitions around these
day for both fun and professionals to enter with short films.
Pixar is a huge American company that make short films, mainly
at the beginning of Disney films (e.g. Toy story).
http://www.pixar.com/short_films/Toy-Story-Toons
Platforms for shot films
-YouTube
-Cinemas
-Personal WebPages'
4. Laura Johnson
Promotional Videos
Promotional films are similar to short films they are made for
business to promote their company. You find a lot of promotional
videos on websites and TV.
With the growth of digital technology, there is now often
convergence between corporate video and other forms of media
communications, such as broadcast television and TV advertising.
Staff training/instruction and safety videos
Investor relations / financial results
Company promotional/brand videos
Video role play
Client and customer testimonial videos
Corporate event filming (for example, a new product launch or
conference)
Live and on-demand webcasting
Technology and product demonstration videos
Business television
Example of a promo video to show off the new GoPro HERO3
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A3PDXmYoF5U
5. Laura Johnson
Film Trailers
A trailer or preview is an advertisement or a commercial for
a feature film that will be exhibited in the future at a cinema. The
term "trailer" comes from their having originally been shown at
the end of a feature film screening.
Trailers consist of a series selected shots from the film being
advertised
Other trailers can be
-Video Game trailers
- Book Trailers
- TV Show trailers
- Concert event trailers
Example of a format:
Trailer: 20th Century Fox
Trailer Format: DVD (VOB), NTSC
Size: 14.9 MB
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UFPqyNvNzvU
6. Laura Johnson
User-Generated Content (Web 2.0)
User-Generated Content (Web 2.0) is content based sharing
sites, mainly through social networking sites. UGC covers a
range of media content made in a range of modern
communications technologies.
All digital media technologies are included, such as question-
answer databases, digital video, blogging, podcasting, forums,
review-sites, social networking, social media, mobile phone
photography and wikis.
UGC has had a lot of critics' and legal backlash as concern was
raised about the privacy of personal information.
7. Laura Johnson
Viral Marketing
When a clip is made to make everyone start talking about it,
share it and spread the word of it.
Viral marketing uses platforms such as social networking
sites.
It can be in the form of video clips,
interactive Flash games, averages, eBooks, brand able
software, images, text messages, email messages, or web
pages.
An example is the ‘your daily dose of drama’ video which
was made to spread the word about the TV channel TNT.
This is an example of a YouTube video that hit out to
millions of views with in the first few hours of being
uploaded. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=316AzLYfAzw
Platforms for viral marketing:
YouTube – You Tube is the biggest video/blogging platform
there us, videos can go viral from nothing.
Face book – Videos are shared and spread and spoke about
from friend to friend until its everywhere on face book
Twitter – millions of people can retweet and favourite a
tweet meaning the more people are going to see it
8. Laura Johnson
Advertising
Advertising in business is a form of marketing communication
used to encourage, persuade or manipulate the audience to
take some action.
Advertising comes in loads of different forms; images, videos,
songs, websites etc.
This is an example of a Pepsi commercial:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=40DykbPa4Lc
Platforms can be:
-TV
-Billboards
-Internet
-Social Networking sites (face book, twitter, instagram)
-DVDS
- Email
-YouTube
9. Laura Johnson
Virtual Tours
A virtual tour is a simulation of a location, usually a video or a
sequence of still images.
Video virtual tours is a full motion video of a location. A video tour
is as if you were walking through a location.
Virtual tours are mainly web based for business’ anyone,
anywhere can then access them. They are also very popular in the
real estate industry they are used in presentation for meetings and
on websites for viewers to take a look around houses that are for
sale etc. Google Maps can also show you around different places
and towns.
10. Laura Johnson
Games
Video games are electronic games that involve human
interaction with a user to generate visual feedback on a
video device.
Example of the platforms used for video games are:
-XBOX
-PS4
-Wii
These platforms can come in mainframe computers or hand
held devices. Examples of games are Call of duty and fifa.
11. Laura Johnson
E-Learning
E-learning (or eLearning) refers to the use of electronic
media and information and communication technologies in
education.
Various technologies are used to facilitate e-learning. Most e-
learning uses combinations of these techniques,
including blogs, collaborative software, ePortfolios,
and virtual classrooms.
12. Laura Johnson
Digital Video Capture
Digital video capture is where you convert analogue video signals
generated by a video camera into a digital format. Video capture
from analogue devices need a certain video capture card that can
convert them signals into digital form then compress the data.
There also more commonly digital video devices that capture
images and transfer them to a computer through a standard serial
or parallel interface.
Firewire cable: A fire wire cable allows you to capture a video that's
been recorded onto a camera. You just connect it to you computer
and choose the software you are using then through the cable it will
transfer your video from the camera to the device.
13. Laura Johnson
Compression
Compression can be either in lossy or lossless form. This
can be useful because it reduces resource usage like
data storage space or transmission capacity.
Lossless compression reduces a file size with out any loss
of quality or information. Lossless can be applied to
both image and audio files such as JPEG 2000 and Apple
Lossless compression, these can be used to make
lossless compressed files. The lossless compression is
normally much bigger than a lossy file as since there is
not quality lost the file is much bigger than an
image/audio file compressed by lossy sometimes by a
much as tenth in size.
Lossy compression makes a file smaller but loses data
and quality from the original version. Lossy is mainly
used for image files such as JPEGs and sometimes audio
files like MP3s or AAC files. The effects of using lossy
could be jagged edges or pixelated areas of the image or
if audio may produce a watery sound or reduce the
dynamic range of the audio.
14. Laura Johnson
Digital Video Formats
A videos file extension/format is referred to as the container.
Containers have codec's that they only use and others often use
different codec's.
Advanced Systems Format (.asf) –
ASF is a Microsoft container that normally houses files
compressed with Microsoft’s WMV codec. ASF can include digital
rights management which is a form of copy protection which gives
it an advantage to other digital formats.
Quick Time (.mov or .qt)
QuickTime was created by Apple and covers a wide variety of
codec's. Apple decides what it supports
Advanced Video Coding, High Definition (AVCHD)
AVCHD is mainly used as a container for data compressed with
H.264. Its calibrated between Sony and Panasonic as a format for
digital camcorders. Its stored and played back on disks and other
storage devices like compact flash drives and SD Cards making it a
file based format. The newest version supports 3D and supports
both standard and different high definition variants from 720 to
1080p.
15. Laura Johnson
Flash Video (.flv or .swf)
Originally flash was created by Macromedia which was then taken over
by Adobe in 2005. It comes in many versions, older flash video mainly
uses the Sorenson codec while newer flash uses H.264. Its a hugely
widespread container format used for streaming videos across the web.
Its disadvantage is that it wont play on iOS devices such as iPods and
Iphones as apple labelled the format ‘buggy’ and blamed it for
problems with the Apple Operating System.
Audio Video Interleave (.avi)
AVI was developed by Microsoft and released with Windows 3.1. AVI
have been a work horse of digital video. Many legacy videos in AVI
format can be found on the web. With AVI you can specify an aspect
ratio.
MPEG-1
This is nearly only used for Video Compact Disks. This is very popular
everywhere but noticeably never used in the U.S. The quality is much
lower than DVDs.
MPEG-2 (H.262)
MPEG-2 is a container format but the is also a codec named the same.
It is used for only DVDs and to broadcast High Definition Television
Digital Video Formats
16. Laura Johnson
Streaming Methods
Streaming media is a form of multi media where its received
and given to an end-used and at the same time been delivered
by a provider. Its a flow of videos through the internet. The
video is normally sent from pre-recorded video files but can
also be distributed as part of a live broadcast feed, the signal is
converted into a compressed digital signal and transmitted
from a special Web server that is able to do multicast, sending
the same file to multiple users at the same time
The 2 main methods of streaming videos are streaming severs
(true streaming) and HTTP streaming. When creating video
stream you need to understand the video file format and the
streaming method.
Streaming is fast becoming the most popular internet
technology. The most common streaming technology is Video
On Demand.
17. Laura Johnson
Data Transfer Rate
Data rate is the rate at which information is being transferred.
DTR (data transfer rate) is how much of digital data is moved from one
place to another in a given time. The data transfer is viewed by the
speed of travel of an amount of date going from one place to another.
In general the bigger bandwidth of a certain path the higher the data
transfer.
Rates that video play and record at-
16 kbit/s – videophone quality (minimum necessary for a consumer-
acceptable "talking head" picture using various video compression
schemes)
128–384 kbit/s – business-oriented videoconferencing quality using
video compression
1.5 Mbit/s max – VCD quality (using MPEG1 compression)
3.5 Mbit/s typ — Standard-definition television quality (with bit-rate
reduction from MPEG-2 compression)
9.8 Mbit/s max – DVD (using MPEG2 compression)
8 to 15 Mbit/s typ – HDTV quality (with bit-rate reduction from MPEG-4
AVC compression)
19 Mbit/s approximate — HDV 720p (using MPEG2 compression)
24 Mbit/s max — AVCHD (using MPEG4 AVC compression)
25 Mbit/s approximate — HDV 1080i (using MPEG2 compression)
29.4 Mbit/s max – HD DVD
40 Mbit/s max – Blu-ray Disc (using MPEG2, AVC or VC-1 compression)
18. Laura Johnson
File Size
File size measures the size of a computer file. Normally it is
measured in bytes with a prefix. The amount of space on the
disk consumed by the file depends on the files system.
All files on a computer uses a certain amount of resources when
sent over the internet or stored. Kilobytes and Megabytes is
what its measured in.
19. Laura Johnson
Aspect Ratio
The aspect ratio is the ratio of the width of a shape to its height.
when the width is larger than the height, the shape is positioned
as landscape rather than portrait.
The aspect ratio is expressed as two numbers separated by a colon
(x:y). A common misunderstanding is that x and y represent actual
length and height. This is false, they actually represent the relation
between width and height. As an example, 8:5, 16:10 and 1.6:1
are the same aspect ratio.
The term is most commonly used with reference to:
Graphic / image
Image aspect ratio
Display aspect ratio: the aspect ratio for computer displays.
Standard photographic print sizes
Motion picture film format
20. Laura Johnson
Media Players
Media players is computer software used for play back multimedia
files. The majority of media plays can play both audio and video but
some focus on only one or the other. These are known as either
audio players or video players and normally have a user interface
tailored for specific media type.
Windows Media Player:
Windows media player was developed by Microsoft Windows and is
all ready pre installed. Its used for playing both audio and videos
and viewing images.
QuickTime:
QuickTime is an extensible ,multimedia framework created by
Apple. Its used to show digital video, picture, sound, panoramic
images and interactivity.
iTunes:
iTunes is a media player, library and mobile management application
created by apple. Its used to download, play store and organize
digital audio and video.
VLC:
VLC media player supports most audio and video compression
methods and file formats. For example DVD-Video, Video CD and
Streaming protocols. It can stream over computer network and
transcode multimedia files.
21. Laura Johnson
Digital Rights
UK Digital rights
Digital rights is the human rights that allow individuals to use,
access, create and publish digital media or to access and use
computers, other electronic devices and communications
networks.
Different human rights have been made relevant with regard to
the Internet. Some of these are freedom of expression, data
protection and privacy and freedom of association.
Digital restrictions management:
DRM is the practice of imposing
technological restrictions that
control what users can do with
digital media. When your
prevented from copying or
sharing a song you are being
restricted by DRM.
