도시 설계와 GIS 기술의 관계

도시건축설계와 GIS
Ph.D, Tae wook, kang. Senior Researcher, KICT
Interests – BIM, GIS, Interoperability
laputa99999@gmail.com www.facebook.com/laputa999

laputa99999@gmail.com
Introduce
Name - Tae Wook, Kang
Ph.D, Senior Research, ICT Lab, KICT
Email – laputa99999@gmail.com
Blog - https://sites.google.com/site/bimprinciple/
Interests – BIM, GIS, CAD, PLM, Interoperability
Specialty – Civil Engineering, Software Engineering
Books - BIM principle, BIM interoperability and platform, Civil BIM with Autodesk Civil3D, Collaborative Architecture
Design with BIM, BIM-based Facility Management, Smart Building System, Arduino-based Smart Home Automation
Experiences
BIM on GIS R&D (1, 2) Project, KICT
BIM-based Railway System Planning Project, MLIT
VDC Support System Development Planning Project, KICT
World Best Software BIM Modeler and Check Development, Ministry of Knowledge Economy (2012)
BIM Division Head Manager, Hangil IT (2011)
Adjunct Professor, Chung-Ang University (2010)

CONTENTS
3BIM on GIS
1Overview Lesson &
Learn
2Urban design
& GIS

GIS
Geographic information system
E. W. Gilbert's version (1958) of John Snow's 1855 map of the Soho cholera outbreak
showing the clusters of cholera cases in the London epidemic of 1854 (map analysis results
– relationship between cholera and water)

GIS
http://www.healthmap.org/ebola/#

GIS
Geographic information system
•Crime mapping
•Landscape Analysis
•Civil engineering
•Remote sensing applications
•Knowledge gis
•Public Participation GIS
•Road networking
•Wastewater and stormwater systems
•Waste management
Pedestrian zones
Incorporation of nature within a city
Aesthetics
Urban structure
Urban typology, density and sustainability
Accessibility
Legibility and wayfinding
Function and fit
Interaction between uses
Character and meaning between places
Order
Continuity and change considering culture
Civil society
Decision
Support
System
Brooklyn

GIS
http://www.oilandgasbmps.org/resources/gis.php
Decision support system

GIS
Crime mapping
visualize, and analyze crime incident patterns

GIS
Remote sensing application
Air photo of a military target used to
evaluate the effect of bombing
generating geographic information from satellite and airborne sensor data.

GIS
Landscape Analysis
www.esri.com
KICT & GAIA3D
Thornton North Structure Plan
(http://www.maitland.nsw.gov.au/Planning
Devel/CityStrategy/ThorntonNorthPlan)
Land use, visibility, DEM, Open space, Stormwater Drainage etc

GIS
P 12
precisionhawk.com precisionhawk.com
Riegl Announce Break-Through LiDAR Sensor Technology For UAVs (AU)
UAV & Lidar based
Remote survey
-Mine
-Gas
-Farm
…
Landscape Analysis

GIS
Spatial network analysis
various graph-based analysis of spatial networks
Goodchild on Spatial Analysis and GIS(www.csiss.org) www.esri.com

GIS
Fig. BIM Platform concept(BIM의 원리, 2011)
Civil engineering
Integrated Modeling
framework
Civil engineering

GIS
www.innovativegis.com
3D GIS

GIS
InteroperabilityBased on Web Cloud Computing
GIS Cloud System

GIS– google map / earth (video)

GIS
satellite image
aerial photograph
Paper map
Analysis
decoding
Scanning
decoding
Digitizing
Digitizing
Vectorizing
Thematic map
development
Properties Input administrative area map
Traffic map
Spatial DB
development
DEM
Vegetation map
Weather map
River/Soil map
Topographical map
Survey
Topographic drawing

GIS database & data mining
RDBMS
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relational_model

RDBMS

Shapefile
.shp — shape format; the feature geometry
itself
.shx — shape index format; a positional index
of the feature geometry to allow seeking
forwards and backwards quickly
.dbf — attribute format; columnar attributes
for each shape, in dBase IV format
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapefile
Yu Xia, Bisong Hu ,
Spatial Buffer Query for Geospatial Database

Vector / Raster
Spatial Analysis Using ArcGIS 10

DEM delaunay triangulation
en.wikipedia.org/wiki

DEM
en.wikipedia.org/wiki

Shapefile
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapefile

Arcgis
Yu Xia, Bisong Hu ,
Spatial Buffer Query for Geospatial Database

ETL & Data mining
https://str.llnl.gov/str/Kamath.html

ETL & Data mining
Data mining, betterevaluation.org

ETL & Data mining
Requirement definition
Data selection
Data pre-processing
Data conversion
Data mining model
Knowledge representation
docs.oracle.com

ETL & Data mining
semanticommunity.info/Data_Science/Data_Science_Symposium_2013

Query
http://manual.linfiniti.com/en/postgis/spatial_queries.html
CREATE VIEW vw_select_location AS
SELECT a.gid, a.name, a.the_geom FROM
building a, region b WHERE
WITHIN(a.the_geom, b.the_geom) AND
b.name = 'KwaZulu';

Query
CREATE VIEW vw_hokkaido_buffer AS SELECT gid
, ST_BUFFER(the_geom, 100) as the_geom FROM
region WHERE name = 'Hokkaido';
This creates a buffer of 100 meters around the
region Hokkaido.

Query
CREATE VIEW vw_hokkaido_buffer_select AS SEL
ECT b.gid, b.name, b.the_geom FROM ( SELECT *
FROM vw_hokkaido_buffer ) a, region b WHERE
ST_INTERSECTS(a.the_geom, b.the_geom) AND b
.name != 'Hokkaido';
the original buffer view is used as any other table wo
uld be. It is given the alias a, and its geometry field,a.
the_geom, is used to select any polygon in the regio
n table (alias b) that intersects it.

Automation
http://www.qgis.nl/tag/tips1/?lang=en
Layers.Add(new Layer(“City.tiff”), new Style(“Gray.xml”))
Layers.Add(new Layer(“Traffic.shp”))
Layers.Add(new Layer(“People.shp”, “Properties.dbf”))
…
R = Query(“SELECT * FROM BUFFER(VIEW_GEOM, 100)”)
Layers.Add(new Layer(R))
…

GIS Coordination system
(박희구, 2014.1, QGIS Tutorial, Gaia3D)
[전지구 좌표계]
WGS84 경위도
• EPSG:4326, EPSG:4166 (Korean 1995): +proj=longlat +ellps=WGS84 +datum=WGS84 +no_defs
Bessel 1841 경위도
• EPSG:4004, EPSG:4162 (Korean 1985): +proj=longlat +ellps=bessel +no_defs +towgs84=-115.80,474.99,674.11,1.16,-2.31,-1.63,
6.43
GRS80 경위도
• EPSG:4019, EPSG:4737 (Korean 2000): +proj=longlat +ellps=GRS80 +no_defs
Google Mercator, 구글지도/빙지도/야후지도/OSM 등 에서 사용중인 좌표계
• EPSG:900913(통칭), EPSG:3857(공식): +proj=merc +a=6378137 +b=6378137 +lat_ts=0.0 +lon_0=0.0 +x_0=0.0 +y_0=0 +k=1.0 +
units=m +nadgrids=@null +no_defs
www.gpspassion.com
Universal Transverse Mercator (en.wikipedia.org)

GIS tools
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_geographic_information_systems_software

GIS tools
Hundreds of tools for performing spatial analysis are included in ArcGIS
With support for more than 70 data formats
Manipulate data with a minimum number of clicks and automate your editing workflow
with powerful editing tools
With geocoded addresses, you can display the address locations and see patterns
within the information
Initial release
December 27, 1999; 15 years ago

GIS tools
Spatial ETL
Extract, Transform, Load (ETL) software

GIS tools
Spatial ETL
GeoKettle is a “spatially-enabled” version of Pentaho Data Integration (also known as
Kettle).

GIS tools
OpenGeo Suite Architecture (boundlessgeo.com)
GeoExt is built on top of
the robust OpenLayers
JavaScript mapping library
and the rich graphical
components of ExtJS.
GeoWebCache is a Java web application
used to cache map tiles coming from a
variety of sources such as OGC Web Map
Service (WMS) including Google Maps KML.
allows users to share and edit geospatial data.
PostGIS provides spatial objects for the
PostgreSQL database,
Open soucre GIS

GIS tools
QGIS
A Free and Open Source Geographic Information System
http://www.qgis.org/

GIS tools
OpenLayers
is an open source (provided under the 2-clause BSD License[2]) JavaScript library for
displaying map data in web browsers.

GIS tools
OpenLayers

GIS tools
GeoServer
GeoServer is an open source software server written in Java that allows users to share and
edit geospatial data. Designed for interoperability, it publishes data from any major spatial
data source using open standards.
GeoServer is the reference implementation of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)
Web Feature Service (WFS) and Web Coverage Service (WCS) standards, as well as a high
performance certified compliant Web Map Service (WMS).
GeoServer Archives (boundlessgeo.com)

GIS tools
www.cartography.at

GIS tools
PostGIS
a spatial database extender for PostgreSQL object-relational database. It adds support
for geographic objects allowing location queries to be run in SQL.
SELECT superhero.name FROM city, superhero WHERE
ST_Contains(city.geom, superhero.geom) AND city.name = 'Gotham';
PostgreSQL, often simply "Postgres", is an object-relational database management
system (ORDBMS) with an emphasis on extensibility and standards-compliance
SELECT first_name,
last_name,
email
FROM customer;
http://www.postgresqltutorial.com/
PostgreSQL

GIS tools
Civil 3D
InRoad

GIS tools
ONOMABIM
system
ONUMACloud system
ONUMAGIS system
(Googleearth plugin 제공)
BIMXML
(ONUMA BIM 표준 파일 포맷)
OGC GIS-BIM 포맷
(OGCGIS/BIM상호운용 포맷)
ONUMAModel 서버
모델 Import / Export
(IFC, Revit , Archicad , BIMXML, KMZ …)
Report 생성기
Javascript 기반 UI
SaaS
(Web serivce Open API 지원)
ONUMA플랫폼
BIM Bomb
-폭발해석 시뮬레이션 응용프
로그램
-Archicad 에너지 해석 결과 시
뮬레이터 기반
VR system
- FMS, BEMS 프로그램
- VROS 기반 프로그램
ONUMA
Exchange
-프로젝트 협업 프
로그램
모델 쿼리 엔진
(조건에 의한 모델 정보 쿼리 및 생성 엔진)
Auotomaiton
using IFC, Revit , Archicad plugin
ONUMA

GIS tools - ONUMA (video)

GIS tools
Natural Earth is a public domain map dataset available at 1:10 million (1 cm = 100 km), 1:50
million, and 1:110 million map scales

Open source community
FOSS4G - Free Open Source Software for Geo-Spatial
FOSS4G-2014, Asian Institute of Technology,
Thailand. 112 participants from 18 countries
www.oslandia.com/retour-sur-le-foss4g-2013-
partie-3.html

BIM on GIS Use-cases
To describe the requirement. identifying common use-cases between BIM and GIS
GIS
Use-cases
BIM
Use-cases
Common
Use-cases
BIM-GIS based FM in KICT
Fig. KICT buildings and FM documents
KICT FM office
manages 3 Sites and 24
Buildings in one site.

BIM on GIS platform requirement for KICT FM
SELECT * FROM Alignment, Building WHERE Buffer(Alignment, Building, ‘1km’) AND
Building.Pset(‘FM’).PCI < ‘50%’ ORDERBY Building.Pset(‘FM’).PCI
BIM (ex - IFC)GIS (ex - CityGML)
SELECT * FROM Building, Pipe WHERE Overlap(Pipe, Building,
‘1m’) AND Building.Pset(‘FM’).Owner = ‘LH’
…
•Geographic Data Model
But
•No Detailed Building FM
Data
•Rich Data Model
But
•No LOD
•No Perspective Definition Method to define the
needed FM application data for user viewpoint

BIM on GIS interview results in KICT FM
Owner
FM Office
Work Site
FM Documents
Archive
MIS (Management
Information System)
1. Defect Confirmed
2. Request Maintenance
3. Verify defect
4. Check
construction/ma-
intenance history
5. Check location/structure/history of the
construction/maintenance (using
blueprints))
6. Draft work
plans
FM
Subcontractors
7. Request cost estimation
11. Deliver cost estimation
12. Examine cost
estimation
13. Request
operation
commencement
approval
14. Send approval
15. Request company-
contracted work
8. Perform site
verification of the
company
16. Perform
maintenance18. Submit product and results
before and after maintenance 17. Check status
before and after
maintenance
22. Request
expense
sanction
19. Confirm the results of maintenance on site
23. Approve payment
and register the
historical record
20. Renew blueprints,
documents, and historical
records
DB DB
24. Send notification of maintenance result
21. Request payment
9. Request site
operation related
data
10. Deliver
relevant data
25. Authorize payment
RequestPlace / System
Data
Acquisition
Repetitive Work
User
Worker
Facility
Manager
Administrative Manager
Archive
Manager
Actor
Self-
execution
In KICT FM, there are 25 activities
from the FM issue arise to resolve.
Minimum FM data acquisition
repetitive number in legacy system
= 28

BIM on GIS interview responses in KICT FM
BIM-
based FM
Work Site
MIS
(Management
Information System)
1. Defect Confirmed
2. Request Maintenance
3. Verify defect
4. Check construction/maintenance
history using BIM-based FM system
5. Check location/structure/history of
the construction/maintenance
6. Draft work plans
FM
Subcontractors7. Request cost estimation
11. Deliver cost estimation
12. Examine cost estimation
13. Request operation
commencement approval 14. Send approval
15. Request company-
contracted work
8. Perform site
verification of
the company
16. Perform
maintenance
18. Submit product and results
before and after maintenance
17. Check status
before and after
maintenance
22. Request expense sanction
19. Confirm the results of maintenance on site
23. Approve payment
and register the
historical record
20. Renew blueprints, documents,
and historical records
DB
24. Send notification of maintenance result
21. Request payment
9. Request site
operation related
data
10. Deliver relevant data
25. Authorize payment
User
WorkerFacility
Manager
Administrative Manager
FM DBMS
RequestPlace / System
Data
Acquisition
Repetitive Work
Actor
Self-
execution
Underlined tasks which can be
replaced as BIM-based FM work to
improve the effectiveness
BIM DB
Item Traditional FM work scenario BIM-based FM work scenario Improvement
Minimum Repetitive Number 28 = 15 + 5 × 2 + (1 × 3) 21 = 15 + 5 × 1 + 1 25%
Minimum FM data acquisition repetitive
number in legacy system = 21

BIM on GIS
•Seamless BIM-GIS information rendering and exchange
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-kSDCYWMRQg

Case study : Data Query using BIM on GIS-based Platform (video)
Prototype version

GIS standard
Fig. IFC (http://www.iai-tech.org/)
IfcProject – Activity to make product
IfcProcess – Process and activity in project
IfcResource – Used resource object definition in process
IfcActor – Human resource definition in process
IfcProduct – Physical representation object
IfcControl – Control object
IfcGroup – Object set
Kernel
3개 기본 확장 패키지
5개 AEC/FM 공통 패키지
AEC/FM 도메인별 9개의 패키지
26개의 리소스 패키지
IFC2x3
Building
Oriented
Format
IFC4
GIS CRS
NURBS
…
but
Heavy
Complex
Ambiguous

GIS standard
•Developed by OGC
•Open 3D urban object model for interoperability(ISO TC211)
•Shape, material, feature information support
•Focusing city Infrastructure object model
•Model abstraction support(LOD)Version 2.0
CityGML
GIS Oriented
Format
LOD
Features
But
Detailed
Building
Information?

GIS standard
•Developed by Autodesk & US DOT EAS-E
•Integrated as LandGML(Geography Markup Language) in OGC(Open Geospatial
Consortium, 1994)
•Civil engineering Industry Standard
•Engineering object(DTM, Alignment, Profile, X-section etc) model support
•Open API SDK and converter(ex - LandXML to SVG) support
DTM surface(Autodesk Civil 3D)
Schema 1.2
(2008.8)
IHSDM(Interactive Highway Safety Design Model , FHWA )

GIS standard
Parameter set
Civil engineering
object
Detailed object
information
related to civil
engineering
ex - superelevation
LandXML
Civil
Engineering
Oriented
Format
But
Detailed
Building
Information?
GIS Topology
Element?

GIS standard
Item IFC LandXML CityGML
Use Architecture Engineering
3D urban object
representation
Limitation
Architectural Object
Model
No asset information
BIM & engineering
information shortage
Development BuildingSmart Autodesk OGC
Characteristic
Detailed arhictectural
element / material /
parameter set
Civil engineering
information
representation
GIS object information
representation as LOD
Support object
Product, Process,
Organization object(ex
- Wall, Door, Beam,
Relationship etc.)
Digital Terrain model,
Alignment, Profile, X-
Section, superelevation
etc.
CityModel, Abstact
Building, Tin, Road,
Surfaces(ex - Wall,
Floor) etc.
Format STEP, XML XML GML
Issue based on file format specification
• Information usage viewpoint dependency
• Performance(ex - Heavy size)
• Commercial product compatibility

opportunities
Open source initiative

opportunities
Open source-based GIS contents generation Drone, Balloon, LiDAR, Stereo camera, RGB-D
Open source-based modeling tools
Tango project (google)
Cloud
Compare

opportunities
BUSINESS opportunities using
Cloud-based GIS

opportunities
Urban design for client

opportunities
SMART Building & City
- Facility Management & Operation
ONUMA systems
commons.wikimedia.org

opportunities
SMART Building & City
- Facility Management & Operation
GSA Vision for Smart Buildings

Opportunities – smart building / city

프레젠테이션 주제Thanks for your interest
Tae Wook, Kang(www.facebook.com/laputa999)

도시 설계와 GIS 기술의 관계

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