SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 36
Download to read offline
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation          Case Study           Summary           Outlook




      Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures
                 in Mathematical Knowledge
                       Summary of my work at DERI (Apr–Oct 2008)
                                    EECS Seminar


                                             Christoph Lange

                                      Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany
                      KWARC – Knowledge Adaptation and Reasoning for Content


                                             October 14, 2008



          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 1
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation          Case Study           Summary           Outlook



My Home: Mathematical Knowledge Management



        Ph. D. student with Prof. Michael Kohlhase
        Our group does “Mathematical Knowledge Management”
                dealing with mathematical knowledge
                formality ranges from human-friendly to computer-verifiable

My Project
        Collaboration on semiformal knowledge
        Using semantic web technologies (a semantic wiki, in particular)




          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 2
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation          Case Study           Summary           Outlook



What I Wanted to Learn About the Semantic Web




        engineering ontologies for scientific documents
        user interfaces for annotating and browsing
        relation of social interaction to knowledge

Where?
At DERI, they do this (and more)




          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 3
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation          Case Study           Summary           Outlook



DERI (Digital Enterprise Research Institute)
Largest semantic web research institute worldwide (130 members)

Applied Research
       eLearning
       semantic reality (sensor networks, ubiquitous computing)
       web services
       industrial applications
       Semantic Information Systems and Language Engineering
       Social Software

Foundational Research
       data intensive infrastructures
       information mining and retrieval
       reasoning and querying
          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 4
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation          Case Study           Summary           Outlook



Before: SWiM, a Semantic Wiki for Mathematics




          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 5
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation          Case Study           Summary             Outlook



Ontologies for Mathematical Documents (1)

Previous State
                                                                                                       notDef
I had a basic ontology that modelled structures of
                                                                                                              renders-
mathematical knowledge; mainly statements (definition,                                                         Symbol
theorem, proof, examples)                                                                                  sym
       used in SWiM for navigation, queries, internal                                              uses-          uses-
                                                                                                  Symbol         Symbol
       bookkeeping
                                                                                                     fmp ex
                                                                                                     fmp ex
                                                                                                      fmp ex
                                                                                                   contains    contains

                                                                                                       symDef
                                                                                                       symDef
                                                                                                        symDef
                                                                                                               contains

                                                                                                           cd
                                                                                                           cd
                                                                                                           cd


          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 6
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation          Case Study           Summary             Outlook



Ontologies for Mathematical Documents (1)

Previous State
                                                                                                       notDef
I had a basic ontology that modelled structures of
                                                                                                              renders-
mathematical knowledge; mainly statements (definition,                                                         Symbol
theorem, proof, examples)                                                                                  sym
       used in SWiM for navigation, queries, internal                                              uses-          uses-
                                                                                                  Symbol         Symbol
       bookkeeping
                                                                                                     fmp ex
                                                                                                     fmp ex
                                                                                                      fmp ex
Next Challenge
                                                                                                   contains    contains
       Semi-formal knowledge often comes in documents that
       also contain text                                                                               symDef
                                                                                                       symDef
                                                                                                        symDef
       There is a document structure (chapter, section,                                                        contains
       cross-reference), and a rhetorical structure, both of
                                                                                                           cd
                                                                                                           cd
                                                                                                           cd
       which can be independent from the mathematical
       structure.
          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 6
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation          Case Study           Summary           Outlook



Ontologies for Mathematical Documents (2)
Getting the Model Right
                                                                           rhetorical ont.
                document ont. ↔ annotation ont. ↔
                                                                          mathematical ont.
(following the SALT approach)

                             A
SALT (Semantically Annotated LTEX)
semantic authoring framework for creating scientific publications

Implementation

       Expansion of the ontology
       Rules for extracting these concepts from
       OMDoc documents to RDF
               Krextor XML→RDF extraction library
          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 7
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation          Case Study           Summary           Outlook



User Interfaces for Annotating and Browsing
Improved Annotation Support
More and easier annotation support in the editor
        toolbars for easy selection of types of mathematical knowledge
        from phrase to theory level
        deleting annotations
        auto-completion of link targets (prepared)




          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 8
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation          Case Study           Summary           Outlook



User Interfaces for Annotating and Browsing
Improved Annotation Support
More and easier annotation support in the editor
        toolbars for easy selection of types of mathematical knowledge
        from phrase to theory level
        deleting annotations
        auto-completion of link targets (prepared)

Rhetorical Annotation and Visualisation
        improved and extended syntax for annotating SALT-/RST-like
        rhetorical structures in OMDoc
                                                                    A
        using the SALT ontology within the host language OMDoc, not LTEX
        ideas for an editing interface
        visualisation of rhetorical relations and blocks implemented
        → active documents
          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 8
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation          Case Study           Summary           Outlook



Annotation




Sections in the editor




          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 9
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation          Case Study           Summary           Outlook



Annotation




                                                                   The toolbar

Sections in the editor
(Implementation by Gordan Ristovski)



          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 9
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



Visualisation of Rhetorical Structures



                                                           Rhetorical Blocks (SALT)




          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 10
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



Visualisation of Rhetorical Structures



                                                           Rhetorical Blocks (SALT)




Rhetorical Relations
(SALT, implementing RST)



(Implementation by Jana Giceva)
          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 10
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



Argumentation about Mathematical Knowledge

Idea
Need for structured wiki discussions, well-defined workflow for solving
problems with knowledge in a wiki

My Case
        a wiki page is an item of mathematical knowledge, e. g. a theorem
        issues discussed will be quite specific: e. g. “This theorem is hard to
        understand” (or wrong, or inadequately presented, . . . )




          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 11
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



Argumentation about Mathematical Knowledge

Idea
Need for structured wiki discussions, well-defined workflow for solving
problems with knowledge in a wiki

My Case
        a wiki page is an item of mathematical knowledge, e. g. a theorem
        issues discussed will be quite specific: e. g. “This theorem is hard to
        understand” (or wrong, or inadequately presented, . . . )

Related Topic
There is also argumentation within artifacts of scientific knowledge, but so
far I focused more on argumentation about them.


          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 11
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation         Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook

  Resource       Edit      Discussion        History




          Lange (Jacobs University)            Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12
                                                                                                         October Knowledge
Introduction          Ontologies/Annotation         Argumentation           Case Study           Summary           Outlook

  Resource        Edit      Discussion        History

   Issue               Alice              2008–05–30             [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision]

   It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis




           Lange (Jacobs University)            Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12
                                                                                                          October Knowledge
Introduction          Ontologies/Annotation         Argumentation           Case Study           Summary           Outlook

  Resource        Edit      Discussion        History

   Issue               Alice              2008–05–30             [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision]

   It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis
         Agree               Bob                2008–05–31
         Indeed, besides automated approaches it’s hard to get focused feedback from users.




           Lange (Jacobs University)            Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12
                                                                                                          October Knowledge
Introduction          Ontologies/Annotation         Argumentation           Case Study           Summary            Outlook

  Resource        Edit      Discussion        History

   Issue               Alice              2008–05–30             [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision]

   It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis
         Agree               Bob                2008–05–31
         Indeed, besides automated approaches it’s hard to get focused feedback from users.
         Idea                Claire             2008–06–01                  [Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision]

         So let’s make wiki discussions semantic!




           Lange (Jacobs University)            Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12
                                                                                                          October Knowledge
Introduction          Ontologies/Annotation         Argumentation           Case Study           Summary            Outlook

  Resource        Edit      Discussion        History

   Issue               Alice              2008–05–30             [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision]

   It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis
         Agree               Bob                2008–05–31
         Indeed, besides automated approaches it’s hard to get focused feedback from users.
         Idea                Claire             2008–06–01                  [Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision]

         So let’s make wiki discussions semantic!
                Argument           Dave               2008–06–02                                       [Agree][Disagree]

                We could take types from an argumentation ontology for the posts.




           Lange (Jacobs University)            Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12
                                                                                                          October Knowledge
Introduction          Ontologies/Annotation         Argumentation           Case Study           Summary            Outlook

  Resource        Edit      Discussion        History

   Issue               Alice              2008–05–30             [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision]

   It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis
         Agree               Bob                2008–05–31
         Indeed, besides automated approaches it’s hard to get focused feedback from users.
         Idea                Claire             2008–06–01                  [Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision]

         So let’s make wiki discussions semantic!
                Argument           Dave               2008–06–02                                       [Agree][Disagree]

                We could take types from an argumentation ontology for the posts.
                Argument           Eric               2008–06–03                                       [Agree][Disagree]

                And every discourse should be connected to resources corresponding to the wiki
                page, and there should be domain-specific Idea and Issue subclasses.




           Lange (Jacobs University)            Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12
                                                                                                          October Knowledge
Introduction          Ontologies/Annotation         Argumentation           Case Study           Summary            Outlook

  Resource        Edit      Discussion        History

   Issue               Alice              2008–05–30             [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision]

   It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis
         Agree               Bob                2008–05–31
         Indeed, besides automated approaches it’s hard to get focused feedback from users.
         Idea                Claire             2008–06–01                  [Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision]

         So let’s make wiki discussions semantic!
                Argument           Dave               2008–06–02                                       [Agree][Disagree]

                We could take types from an argumentation ontology for the posts.
                Argument           Eric               2008–06–03                                       [Agree][Disagree]

                And every discourse should be connected to resources corresponding to the wiki
                page, and there should be domain-specific Idea and Issue subclasses.
                Agree              Anonymous          2008–06–04
                That’s great, then the wiki could assist with the realisation of an approved idea.
                And old decisions would be documented.




           Lange (Jacobs University)            Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12
                                                                                                          October Knowledge
Introduction          Ontologies/Annotation         Argumentation           Case Study           Summary            Outlook

  Resource        Edit      Discussion        History

   Issue               Alice              2008–05–30             [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision]

   It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis
         Agree               Bob                2008–05–31
         Indeed, besides automated approaches it’s hard to get focused feedback from users.
         Idea                Claire             2008–06–01                  [Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision]

         So let’s make wiki discussions semantic!
                Argument           Dave               2008–06–02                                       [Agree][Disagree]

                We could take types from an argumentation ontology for the posts.
                Argument           Eric               2008–06–03                                       [Agree][Disagree]

                And every discourse should be connected to resources corresponding to the wiki
                page, and there should be domain-specific Idea and Issue subclasses.
                Agree              Anonymous          2008–06–04
                That’s great, then the wiki could assist with the realisation of an approved idea.
                And old decisions would be documented.
                Decision           Christoph          2008–06–05
                So let’s do it! (Available in SWiM)

           Lange (Jacobs University)            Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12
                                                                                                          October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



Domain-Specific Argumentation

Assumptions
        Possible problems depend on the type of knowledge item
        Possible solutions depend on the type of knowledge item and the type
        of problem
        Standard problems have standard solutions, with which software can
        assist




          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 13
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



Domain-Specific Argumentation

Assumptions
        Possible problems depend on the type of knowledge item
        Possible solutions depend on the type of knowledge item and the type
        of problem
        Standard problems have standard solutions, with which software can
        assist

Survey (tinyurl.com/5qdetd)
        Common issues: wrong, incomprehensible, uncommon style,
        underspecified, redundant, truth uncertain
        Common solutions: directly improve affected knowledge item, split it
        When issues remain unresolved, it’s mostly due to insufficient
        restructuring support

          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 13
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



Domain-Specific Argumentation (Example)




                  User Interface



          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 14
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation                    Case Study                         Summary                             Outlook



Domain-Specific Argumentation (Example)



                                                                                                hasDiscussion
                                                                forum1                                                                      theorem
                                                                                              (IkeWiki ontology)
                                                          has_container                                                                    exemplifies
                                                                                       post1: Issue
                                                                                   (Incomprehensible)                                       example
                                                                                                   responseTo
                                                                         has_reply                                       resolvesInto
                                                                                       post2: Idea
                                                                                    (ProvideExample)
                                                                                              positionOn                                   knowledge
                                                                                      post3: Agree                                            items
                                                                                                                                        (OMDoc ontology)
                                                                                                                                          on wiki pages
                                                                                     post4: Disagree            onIdea


                                                                                      post5: Agree                 onIssue
                                                                                            withPositions
                                                                                     post6: Decision
                                                         physical structure                                 argumentative
                                                              (SIOC)            discussion page                structure


                                                                                        RDF Graph
                  User Interface



          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 14
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation              Argumentation               Case Study           Summary            Outlook



General Argumentation on Social Media Sites
        developing an argumentation module for SIOC
        (ontology for Semantically Interlinking Online Communities)
        joint work with Uldis Boj¯rs (SIOC) and Tudor Groza (SALT)
                                 a
        use cases, model, guidelines for usage
        implementation and evaluation to be done
                      refers_to
                                                                  supports/
                                  Statement                                                 Argument
                                                                 challenges

                                                                   agrees_with/
                                  subClassOf                      disagrees_with/           subClassOf
                                                                  neutral_towards
                         arises_from
                    Issue             Idea         Elaboration                Example       Evaluation      Justification

          proposes_solution_for         elaborates_on


                            decides                              Position


                                             supported_by

                         Decision

          Lange (Jacobs University)                 Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 15
                                                                                                              October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



OpenMath Case Study



        lightweight mathematical ontology engineering
        (http://wiki.openmath.org)
                no rhetorical structures, no documents
                but still a lot of structures to annotate!
                definitions, formal properties, examples, notations
                local argumentation
        small group of knowledge engineers (domain experts)
        specialised editors: structured definitions, formulas, metadata
        evaluation needed




          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 16
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



Summary

What I hope(d) to learn – to use it for mathematical knowledge
management:
        engineering ontologies for scientific documents                            !
        user interfaces for annotating and browsing  !
        relation of social interaction to knowledge !




          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 17
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



Summary

What I hope(d) to learn – to use it for mathematical knowledge
management:
        engineering ontologies for scientific documents                            !
        user interfaces for annotating and browsing  !
        relation of social interaction to knowledge !
What I hope to contribute to the semantic web:
        mathematics as a complex use case pointing out limits of the
        semantic web
        an ontology for a complex domain, with document structure,
        mathematical structure, and rhetorical structure
        domain-specific argumentation


          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 17
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



Further Work

Active Documents
Interactive editing and previewing of notations




          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 18
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



Further Work

Active Documents
Interactive editing and previewing of notations

Argumentation
Study relationship between argumentation within and about documents




          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 18
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



Further Work

Active Documents
Interactive editing and previewing of notations

Argumentation
Study relationship between argumentation within and about documents

Ontologies
    1   Scalable metadata syntax and semantics for OMDoc
        → import metadata vocabularies as theories
    2   Document these vocabularies in OMDoc
    3   Model them in OMDoc
    4   Export them back to the semantic web


          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 18
                                                                                                       October Knowledge
Introduction         Ontologies/Annotation       Argumentation           Case Study          Summary            Outlook



Further Work

Active Documents
Interactive editing and previewing of notations

Argumentation
Study relationship between argumentation within and about documents

Ontologies
    1   Scalable metadata syntax and semantics for OMDoc
        → import metadata vocabularies as theories
    2   Document these vocabularies in OMDoc
    3   Model them in OMDoc
    4   Export them back to the semantic web

                         Semantic Web Empowering MKM
          Lange (Jacobs University)          Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 18
                                                                                                       October Knowledge

More Related Content

What's hot

Constructive Description Logics 2006
Constructive Description Logics 2006Constructive Description Logics 2006
Constructive Description Logics 2006Valeria de Paiva
 
Utilising wordsmith and atlas to explore, analyse and report qualitative data
Utilising wordsmith and atlas to explore, analyse and report qualitative dataUtilising wordsmith and atlas to explore, analyse and report qualitative data
Utilising wordsmith and atlas to explore, analyse and report qualitative dataMerlien Institute
 
Semantic Relatedness for Evaluation of Course Equivalencies
Semantic Relatedness for Evaluation of Course EquivalenciesSemantic Relatedness for Evaluation of Course Equivalencies
Semantic Relatedness for Evaluation of Course EquivalenciesBeibei Yang
 
ConNeKTion: A Tool for Exploiting Conceptual Graphs Automatically Learned fro...
ConNeKTion: A Tool for Exploiting Conceptual Graphs Automatically Learned fro...ConNeKTion: A Tool for Exploiting Conceptual Graphs Automatically Learned fro...
ConNeKTion: A Tool for Exploiting Conceptual Graphs Automatically Learned fro...University of Bari (Italy)
 
Functional and Structural Models of Commonsense Reasoning in Cognitive Archit...
Functional and Structural Models of Commonsense Reasoning in Cognitive Archit...Functional and Structural Models of Commonsense Reasoning in Cognitive Archit...
Functional and Structural Models of Commonsense Reasoning in Cognitive Archit...Antonio Lieto
 
Ireland
IrelandIreland
Irelandanesah
 
Which Rationality For Pragmatics6
Which Rationality For Pragmatics6Which Rationality For Pragmatics6
Which Rationality For Pragmatics6Louis de Saussure
 
Use of ontologies in natural language processing
Use of ontologies in natural language processingUse of ontologies in natural language processing
Use of ontologies in natural language processingATHMAN HAJ-HAMOU
 
Statistics-based Approaches to Lexical Semantics
Statistics-based Approaches to Lexical SemanticsStatistics-based Approaches to Lexical Semantics
Statistics-based Approaches to Lexical SemanticsMartin Thorsen Ranang
 
A Constructive Mathematics approach for NL formal grammars
A Constructive Mathematics approach for NL formal grammarsA Constructive Mathematics approach for NL formal grammars
A Constructive Mathematics approach for NL formal grammarsFederico Gobbo
 
Heterogeneous Proxytypes as a Unifying Cognitive Framework for Conceptual Rep...
Heterogeneous Proxytypes as a Unifying Cognitive Framework for Conceptual Rep...Heterogeneous Proxytypes as a Unifying Cognitive Framework for Conceptual Rep...
Heterogeneous Proxytypes as a Unifying Cognitive Framework for Conceptual Rep...Antonio Lieto
 
El leon no es como lo pintan
El leon no es como lo pintanEl leon no es como lo pintan
El leon no es como lo pintannomcoc
 
Improving Robustness and Flexibility of Concept Taxonomy Learning from Text
Improving Robustness and Flexibility of Concept Taxonomy Learning from Text Improving Robustness and Flexibility of Concept Taxonomy Learning from Text
Improving Robustness and Flexibility of Concept Taxonomy Learning from Text University of Bari (Italy)
 
Rethinking Critical Editions of Fragments by Ontologies
Rethinking Critical Editions of Fragments by OntologiesRethinking Critical Editions of Fragments by Ontologies
Rethinking Critical Editions of Fragments by OntologiesMatteo Romanello
 

What's hot (19)

Constructive Description Logics 2006
Constructive Description Logics 2006Constructive Description Logics 2006
Constructive Description Logics 2006
 
Utilising wordsmith and atlas to explore, analyse and report qualitative data
Utilising wordsmith and atlas to explore, analyse and report qualitative dataUtilising wordsmith and atlas to explore, analyse and report qualitative data
Utilising wordsmith and atlas to explore, analyse and report qualitative data
 
Semantic Relatedness for Evaluation of Course Equivalencies
Semantic Relatedness for Evaluation of Course EquivalenciesSemantic Relatedness for Evaluation of Course Equivalencies
Semantic Relatedness for Evaluation of Course Equivalencies
 
ConNeKTion: A Tool for Exploiting Conceptual Graphs Automatically Learned fro...
ConNeKTion: A Tool for Exploiting Conceptual Graphs Automatically Learned fro...ConNeKTion: A Tool for Exploiting Conceptual Graphs Automatically Learned fro...
ConNeKTion: A Tool for Exploiting Conceptual Graphs Automatically Learned fro...
 
Functional and Structural Models of Commonsense Reasoning in Cognitive Archit...
Functional and Structural Models of Commonsense Reasoning in Cognitive Archit...Functional and Structural Models of Commonsense Reasoning in Cognitive Archit...
Functional and Structural Models of Commonsense Reasoning in Cognitive Archit...
 
Ireland
IrelandIreland
Ireland
 
postersimbolos
postersimbolospostersimbolos
postersimbolos
 
J79 1063
J79 1063J79 1063
J79 1063
 
Which Rationality For Pragmatics6
Which Rationality For Pragmatics6Which Rationality For Pragmatics6
Which Rationality For Pragmatics6
 
Use of ontologies in natural language processing
Use of ontologies in natural language processingUse of ontologies in natural language processing
Use of ontologies in natural language processing
 
Statistics-based Approaches to Lexical Semantics
Statistics-based Approaches to Lexical SemanticsStatistics-based Approaches to Lexical Semantics
Statistics-based Approaches to Lexical Semantics
 
A Constructive Mathematics approach for NL formal grammars
A Constructive Mathematics approach for NL formal grammarsA Constructive Mathematics approach for NL formal grammars
A Constructive Mathematics approach for NL formal grammars
 
Parsing techniques
Parsing techniquesParsing techniques
Parsing techniques
 
Heterogeneous Proxytypes as a Unifying Cognitive Framework for Conceptual Rep...
Heterogeneous Proxytypes as a Unifying Cognitive Framework for Conceptual Rep...Heterogeneous Proxytypes as a Unifying Cognitive Framework for Conceptual Rep...
Heterogeneous Proxytypes as a Unifying Cognitive Framework for Conceptual Rep...
 
El leon no es como lo pintan
El leon no es como lo pintanEl leon no es como lo pintan
El leon no es como lo pintan
 
Seminar CCC
Seminar CCCSeminar CCC
Seminar CCC
 
Improving Robustness and Flexibility of Concept Taxonomy Learning from Text
Improving Robustness and Flexibility of Concept Taxonomy Learning from Text Improving Robustness and Flexibility of Concept Taxonomy Learning from Text
Improving Robustness and Flexibility of Concept Taxonomy Learning from Text
 
Ma
MaMa
Ma
 
Rethinking Critical Editions of Fragments by Ontologies
Rethinking Critical Editions of Fragments by OntologiesRethinking Critical Editions of Fragments by Ontologies
Rethinking Critical Editions of Fragments by Ontologies
 

Viewers also liked

Towards a Semantic Wiki for Science
Towards a Semantic Wiki for ScienceTowards a Semantic Wiki for Science
Towards a Semantic Wiki for ScienceChristoph Lange
 
Arguing on Issues with Mathematical Knowledge Items in a Semantic Wiki
Arguing on Issues with Mathematical Knowledge Items in a Semantic WikiArguing on Issues with Mathematical Knowledge Items in a Semantic Wiki
Arguing on Issues with Mathematical Knowledge Items in a Semantic WikiChristoph Lange
 
Making Heterogeneous Ontologies Interoperable Through Standardisation
Making Heterogeneous Ontologies Interoperable Through StandardisationMaking Heterogeneous Ontologies Interoperable Through Standardisation
Making Heterogeneous Ontologies Interoperable Through StandardisationChristoph Lange
 
Machine Support for Interacting with Scientific Publications Improving Inform...
Machine Support for Interacting with Scientific Publications Improving Inform...Machine Support for Interacting with Scientific Publications Improving Inform...
Machine Support for Interacting with Scientific Publications Improving Inform...Christoph Lange
 
Processing and Publishing Content Math with JOMDoc and JOBAD
Processing and Publishing Content Math with JOMDoc and JOBADProcessing and Publishing Content Math with JOMDoc and JOBAD
Processing and Publishing Content Math with JOMDoc and JOBADChristoph Lange
 
Research Careers in Applied Computer Science
Research Careers in Applied Computer ScienceResearch Careers in Applied Computer Science
Research Careers in Applied Computer ScienceChristoph Lange
 

Viewers also liked (6)

Towards a Semantic Wiki for Science
Towards a Semantic Wiki for ScienceTowards a Semantic Wiki for Science
Towards a Semantic Wiki for Science
 
Arguing on Issues with Mathematical Knowledge Items in a Semantic Wiki
Arguing on Issues with Mathematical Knowledge Items in a Semantic WikiArguing on Issues with Mathematical Knowledge Items in a Semantic Wiki
Arguing on Issues with Mathematical Knowledge Items in a Semantic Wiki
 
Making Heterogeneous Ontologies Interoperable Through Standardisation
Making Heterogeneous Ontologies Interoperable Through StandardisationMaking Heterogeneous Ontologies Interoperable Through Standardisation
Making Heterogeneous Ontologies Interoperable Through Standardisation
 
Machine Support for Interacting with Scientific Publications Improving Inform...
Machine Support for Interacting with Scientific Publications Improving Inform...Machine Support for Interacting with Scientific Publications Improving Inform...
Machine Support for Interacting with Scientific Publications Improving Inform...
 
Processing and Publishing Content Math with JOMDoc and JOBAD
Processing and Publishing Content Math with JOMDoc and JOBADProcessing and Publishing Content Math with JOMDoc and JOBAD
Processing and Publishing Content Math with JOMDoc and JOBAD
 
Research Careers in Applied Computer Science
Research Careers in Applied Computer ScienceResearch Careers in Applied Computer Science
Research Careers in Applied Computer Science
 

Similar to Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical Knowledge

Model-Driven Software Development with Semantic Web Technologies
Model-Driven Software Development with Semantic Web TechnologiesModel-Driven Software Development with Semantic Web Technologies
Model-Driven Software Development with Semantic Web TechnologiesFernando Silva Parreiras
 
Cognitive Agents with Commonsense - Invited Talk at Istituto Italiano di Tecn...
Cognitive Agents with Commonsense - Invited Talk at Istituto Italiano di Tecn...Cognitive Agents with Commonsense - Invited Talk at Istituto Italiano di Tecn...
Cognitive Agents with Commonsense - Invited Talk at Istituto Italiano di Tecn...Antonio Lieto
 
Aspects of Mathematical Knowledge on the Semantic Web
Aspects of Mathematical Knowledge on the Semantic WebAspects of Mathematical Knowledge on the Semantic Web
Aspects of Mathematical Knowledge on the Semantic WebChristoph Lange
 
SWiM – A wiki for collaborating on mathematical ontologies
SWiM – A wiki for collaborating on mathematical ontologiesSWiM – A wiki for collaborating on mathematical ontologies
SWiM – A wiki for collaborating on mathematical ontologiesChristoph Lange
 
Mathematical Semantic Markup in a Wiki: the Roles of Symbols and Notations
Mathematical Semantic Markup in a Wiki: the Roles of Symbols and NotationsMathematical Semantic Markup in a Wiki: the Roles of Symbols and Notations
Mathematical Semantic Markup in a Wiki: the Roles of Symbols and NotationsChristoph Lange
 
Different Semantic Perspectives for Question Answering Systems
Different Semantic Perspectives for Question Answering SystemsDifferent Semantic Perspectives for Question Answering Systems
Different Semantic Perspectives for Question Answering SystemsAndre Freitas
 
Semantics and Computational Semantics
Semantics and Computational SemanticsSemantics and Computational Semantics
Semantics and Computational SemanticsMarina Santini
 
Towards Scientific Collaboration in a Semantic Wiki
Towards Scientific Collaboration in a Semantic WikiTowards Scientific Collaboration in a Semantic Wiki
Towards Scientific Collaboration in a Semantic WikiChristoph Lange
 
SWiM – A Semantic Wiki for Mathematical Knowledge Management
SWiM – A Semantic Wiki for Mathematical Knowledge ManagementSWiM – A Semantic Wiki for Mathematical Knowledge Management
SWiM – A Semantic Wiki for Mathematical Knowledge ManagementChristoph Lange
 
Challenges in transfer learning in nlp
Challenges in transfer learning in nlpChallenges in transfer learning in nlp
Challenges in transfer learning in nlpLaraOlmosCamarena
 
Lean Logic for Lean Times: Varieties of Natural Logic
Lean Logic for Lean Times: Varieties of Natural LogicLean Logic for Lean Times: Varieties of Natural Logic
Lean Logic for Lean Times: Varieties of Natural LogicValeria de Paiva
 
Combining Data Mining and Ontology Engineering to enrich Ontologies and Linke...
Combining Data Mining and Ontology Engineering to enrich Ontologies and Linke...Combining Data Mining and Ontology Engineering to enrich Ontologies and Linke...
Combining Data Mining and Ontology Engineering to enrich Ontologies and Linke...Mathieu d'Aquin
 
Introduction to Distributional Semantics
Introduction to Distributional SemanticsIntroduction to Distributional Semantics
Introduction to Distributional SemanticsAndre Freitas
 
Jana Diesner, "Words and Networks: Considering the Content of Text Data for N...
Jana Diesner, "Words and Networks: Considering the Content of Text Data for N...Jana Diesner, "Words and Networks: Considering the Content of Text Data for N...
Jana Diesner, "Words and Networks: Considering the Content of Text Data for N...summersocialwebshop
 
A cognitive approach for Modelling and Reasoning on Commonsense Knowledge in...
A cognitive  approach for Modelling and Reasoning on Commonsense Knowledge in...A cognitive  approach for Modelling and Reasoning on Commonsense Knowledge in...
A cognitive approach for Modelling and Reasoning on Commonsense Knowledge in...Antonio Lieto
 
Possible Word Representation
Possible Word RepresentationPossible Word Representation
Possible Word Representationchauhankapil
 
Meaning Extraction - IJCTE 2(1)
Meaning Extraction - IJCTE 2(1)Meaning Extraction - IJCTE 2(1)
Meaning Extraction - IJCTE 2(1)IT Industry
 
Extracting semantics from crowds
Extracting semantics from crowdsExtracting semantics from crowds
Extracting semantics from crowdsMarkus Strohmaier
 
OpenWN-PT: a Brazilian Wordnet for all
OpenWN-PT: a Brazilian Wordnet for allOpenWN-PT: a Brazilian Wordnet for all
OpenWN-PT: a Brazilian Wordnet for allAlexandre Rademaker
 

Similar to Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical Knowledge (20)

Model-Driven Software Development with Semantic Web Technologies
Model-Driven Software Development with Semantic Web TechnologiesModel-Driven Software Development with Semantic Web Technologies
Model-Driven Software Development with Semantic Web Technologies
 
Cognitive Agents with Commonsense - Invited Talk at Istituto Italiano di Tecn...
Cognitive Agents with Commonsense - Invited Talk at Istituto Italiano di Tecn...Cognitive Agents with Commonsense - Invited Talk at Istituto Italiano di Tecn...
Cognitive Agents with Commonsense - Invited Talk at Istituto Italiano di Tecn...
 
Aspects of Mathematical Knowledge on the Semantic Web
Aspects of Mathematical Knowledge on the Semantic WebAspects of Mathematical Knowledge on the Semantic Web
Aspects of Mathematical Knowledge on the Semantic Web
 
SWiM – A wiki for collaborating on mathematical ontologies
SWiM – A wiki for collaborating on mathematical ontologiesSWiM – A wiki for collaborating on mathematical ontologies
SWiM – A wiki for collaborating on mathematical ontologies
 
Mathematical Semantic Markup in a Wiki: the Roles of Symbols and Notations
Mathematical Semantic Markup in a Wiki: the Roles of Symbols and NotationsMathematical Semantic Markup in a Wiki: the Roles of Symbols and Notations
Mathematical Semantic Markup in a Wiki: the Roles of Symbols and Notations
 
Different Semantic Perspectives for Question Answering Systems
Different Semantic Perspectives for Question Answering SystemsDifferent Semantic Perspectives for Question Answering Systems
Different Semantic Perspectives for Question Answering Systems
 
Semantics and Computational Semantics
Semantics and Computational SemanticsSemantics and Computational Semantics
Semantics and Computational Semantics
 
Towards Scientific Collaboration in a Semantic Wiki
Towards Scientific Collaboration in a Semantic WikiTowards Scientific Collaboration in a Semantic Wiki
Towards Scientific Collaboration in a Semantic Wiki
 
SWiM – A Semantic Wiki for Mathematical Knowledge Management
SWiM – A Semantic Wiki for Mathematical Knowledge ManagementSWiM – A Semantic Wiki for Mathematical Knowledge Management
SWiM – A Semantic Wiki for Mathematical Knowledge Management
 
Information Quality in the Web Era
Information Quality in the Web EraInformation Quality in the Web Era
Information Quality in the Web Era
 
Challenges in transfer learning in nlp
Challenges in transfer learning in nlpChallenges in transfer learning in nlp
Challenges in transfer learning in nlp
 
Lean Logic for Lean Times: Varieties of Natural Logic
Lean Logic for Lean Times: Varieties of Natural LogicLean Logic for Lean Times: Varieties of Natural Logic
Lean Logic for Lean Times: Varieties of Natural Logic
 
Combining Data Mining and Ontology Engineering to enrich Ontologies and Linke...
Combining Data Mining and Ontology Engineering to enrich Ontologies and Linke...Combining Data Mining and Ontology Engineering to enrich Ontologies and Linke...
Combining Data Mining and Ontology Engineering to enrich Ontologies and Linke...
 
Introduction to Distributional Semantics
Introduction to Distributional SemanticsIntroduction to Distributional Semantics
Introduction to Distributional Semantics
 
Jana Diesner, "Words and Networks: Considering the Content of Text Data for N...
Jana Diesner, "Words and Networks: Considering the Content of Text Data for N...Jana Diesner, "Words and Networks: Considering the Content of Text Data for N...
Jana Diesner, "Words and Networks: Considering the Content of Text Data for N...
 
A cognitive approach for Modelling and Reasoning on Commonsense Knowledge in...
A cognitive  approach for Modelling and Reasoning on Commonsense Knowledge in...A cognitive  approach for Modelling and Reasoning on Commonsense Knowledge in...
A cognitive approach for Modelling and Reasoning on Commonsense Knowledge in...
 
Possible Word Representation
Possible Word RepresentationPossible Word Representation
Possible Word Representation
 
Meaning Extraction - IJCTE 2(1)
Meaning Extraction - IJCTE 2(1)Meaning Extraction - IJCTE 2(1)
Meaning Extraction - IJCTE 2(1)
 
Extracting semantics from crowds
Extracting semantics from crowdsExtracting semantics from crowds
Extracting semantics from crowds
 
OpenWN-PT: a Brazilian Wordnet for all
OpenWN-PT: a Brazilian Wordnet for allOpenWN-PT: a Brazilian Wordnet for all
OpenWN-PT: a Brazilian Wordnet for all
 

More from Christoph Lange

Faire Datenökonomie für Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft: Was brauch...
Faire Datenökonomie für Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft: Was brauch...Faire Datenökonomie für Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft: Was brauch...
Faire Datenökonomie für Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft: Was brauch...Christoph Lange
 
OSCOSS: Opening Scholarly Communication in Social Sciences
OSCOSS: Opening Scholarly Communication in Social SciencesOSCOSS: Opening Scholarly Communication in Social Sciences
OSCOSS: Opening Scholarly Communication in Social SciencesChristoph Lange
 
WDAqua ITN – Answering Questions using Web Data
WDAqua ITN – Answering Questions using Web DataWDAqua ITN – Answering Questions using Web Data
WDAqua ITN – Answering Questions using Web DataChristoph Lange
 
Interlinking Data and Knowledge in Enterprises, Research and Society with Lin...
Interlinking Data and Knowledge in Enterprises, Research and Society with Lin...Interlinking Data and Knowledge in Enterprises, Research and Society with Lin...
Interlinking Data and Knowledge in Enterprises, Research and Society with Lin...Christoph Lange
 
Linked Open (Geo)Data and the Distributed Ontology Language – a perfect match
Linked Open (Geo)Data and the Distributed Ontology Language – a perfect matchLinked Open (Geo)Data and the Distributed Ontology Language – a perfect match
Linked Open (Geo)Data and the Distributed Ontology Language – a perfect matchChristoph Lange
 
Linking Big Data to Rich Process Descriptions
Linking Big Data to Rich Process DescriptionsLinking Big Data to Rich Process Descriptions
Linking Big Data to Rich Process DescriptionsChristoph Lange
 
The Distributed Ontology Language (DOL): Use Cases, Syntax, and Extensibility
The Distributed Ontology Language (DOL): Use Cases, Syntax, and ExtensibilityThe Distributed Ontology Language (DOL): Use Cases, Syntax, and Extensibility
The Distributed Ontology Language (DOL): Use Cases, Syntax, and ExtensibilityChristoph Lange
 
Bringing Mathematics To the Web of Data: the Case of the Mathematics Subject ...
Bringing Mathematics To the Web of Data: the Case of the Mathematics Subject ...Bringing Mathematics To the Web of Data: the Case of the Mathematics Subject ...
Bringing Mathematics To the Web of Data: the Case of the Mathematics Subject ...Christoph Lange
 
Semantic Web Technology: The Key to Making Scientific Information Systems Social
Semantic Web Technology: The Key to Making Scientific Information Systems SocialSemantic Web Technology: The Key to Making Scientific Information Systems Social
Semantic Web Technology: The Key to Making Scientific Information Systems SocialChristoph Lange
 
TCP – zuverlässiger Ende-zu-Ende-Datenstrom
TCP – zuverlässiger Ende-zu-Ende-DatenstromTCP – zuverlässiger Ende-zu-Ende-Datenstrom
TCP – zuverlässiger Ende-zu-Ende-DatenstromChristoph Lange
 
Previewing OWL Changes and Refactorings Using a Flexible XML Database
Previewing OWL Changes and Refactorings Using a Flexible XML DatabasePreviewing OWL Changes and Refactorings Using a Flexible XML Database
Previewing OWL Changes and Refactorings Using a Flexible XML DatabaseChristoph Lange
 
JOBAD – Interactive Mathematical Documents
JOBAD – Interactive Mathematical DocumentsJOBAD – Interactive Mathematical Documents
JOBAD – Interactive Mathematical DocumentsChristoph Lange
 
Publishing Math Lecture Notes as Linked Data
Publishing Math Lecture Notes as Linked DataPublishing Math Lecture Notes as Linked Data
Publishing Math Lecture Notes as Linked DataChristoph Lange
 
sTeX+ – a System for Flexible Formalization of Linked Data
sTeX+ – a System for Flexible Formalization of Linked DatasTeX+ – a System for Flexible Formalization of Linked Data
sTeX+ – a System for Flexible Formalization of Linked DataChristoph Lange
 
Krextor – An Extensible Framework for Contributing Content Math to the Web of...
Krextor – An Extensible Framework for Contributing Content Math to the Web of...Krextor – An Extensible Framework for Contributing Content Math to the Web of...
Krextor – An Extensible Framework for Contributing Content Math to the Web of...Christoph Lange
 
Mathematical Semantics of Statistical Data
Mathematical Semantics of Statistical DataMathematical Semantics of Statistical Data
Mathematical Semantics of Statistical DataChristoph Lange
 
Enabling Collaboration on Semiformal Mathematical Knowledge by Semantic Web I...
Enabling Collaboration on Semiformal Mathematical Knowledge by Semantic Web I...Enabling Collaboration on Semiformal Mathematical Knowledge by Semantic Web I...
Enabling Collaboration on Semiformal Mathematical Knowledge by Semantic Web I...Christoph Lange
 
Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...
Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...
Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...Christoph Lange
 
Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...
Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...
Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...Christoph Lange
 
TNTBase – a Versioned Database for XML (Mathematical) Documents
TNTBase – a Versioned Database for XML (Mathematical) DocumentsTNTBase – a Versioned Database for XML (Mathematical) Documents
TNTBase – a Versioned Database for XML (Mathematical) DocumentsChristoph Lange
 

More from Christoph Lange (20)

Faire Datenökonomie für Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft: Was brauch...
Faire Datenökonomie für Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft: Was brauch...Faire Datenökonomie für Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft: Was brauch...
Faire Datenökonomie für Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft: Was brauch...
 
OSCOSS: Opening Scholarly Communication in Social Sciences
OSCOSS: Opening Scholarly Communication in Social SciencesOSCOSS: Opening Scholarly Communication in Social Sciences
OSCOSS: Opening Scholarly Communication in Social Sciences
 
WDAqua ITN – Answering Questions using Web Data
WDAqua ITN – Answering Questions using Web DataWDAqua ITN – Answering Questions using Web Data
WDAqua ITN – Answering Questions using Web Data
 
Interlinking Data and Knowledge in Enterprises, Research and Society with Lin...
Interlinking Data and Knowledge in Enterprises, Research and Society with Lin...Interlinking Data and Knowledge in Enterprises, Research and Society with Lin...
Interlinking Data and Knowledge in Enterprises, Research and Society with Lin...
 
Linked Open (Geo)Data and the Distributed Ontology Language – a perfect match
Linked Open (Geo)Data and the Distributed Ontology Language – a perfect matchLinked Open (Geo)Data and the Distributed Ontology Language – a perfect match
Linked Open (Geo)Data and the Distributed Ontology Language – a perfect match
 
Linking Big Data to Rich Process Descriptions
Linking Big Data to Rich Process DescriptionsLinking Big Data to Rich Process Descriptions
Linking Big Data to Rich Process Descriptions
 
The Distributed Ontology Language (DOL): Use Cases, Syntax, and Extensibility
The Distributed Ontology Language (DOL): Use Cases, Syntax, and ExtensibilityThe Distributed Ontology Language (DOL): Use Cases, Syntax, and Extensibility
The Distributed Ontology Language (DOL): Use Cases, Syntax, and Extensibility
 
Bringing Mathematics To the Web of Data: the Case of the Mathematics Subject ...
Bringing Mathematics To the Web of Data: the Case of the Mathematics Subject ...Bringing Mathematics To the Web of Data: the Case of the Mathematics Subject ...
Bringing Mathematics To the Web of Data: the Case of the Mathematics Subject ...
 
Semantic Web Technology: The Key to Making Scientific Information Systems Social
Semantic Web Technology: The Key to Making Scientific Information Systems SocialSemantic Web Technology: The Key to Making Scientific Information Systems Social
Semantic Web Technology: The Key to Making Scientific Information Systems Social
 
TCP – zuverlässiger Ende-zu-Ende-Datenstrom
TCP – zuverlässiger Ende-zu-Ende-DatenstromTCP – zuverlässiger Ende-zu-Ende-Datenstrom
TCP – zuverlässiger Ende-zu-Ende-Datenstrom
 
Previewing OWL Changes and Refactorings Using a Flexible XML Database
Previewing OWL Changes and Refactorings Using a Flexible XML DatabasePreviewing OWL Changes and Refactorings Using a Flexible XML Database
Previewing OWL Changes and Refactorings Using a Flexible XML Database
 
JOBAD – Interactive Mathematical Documents
JOBAD – Interactive Mathematical DocumentsJOBAD – Interactive Mathematical Documents
JOBAD – Interactive Mathematical Documents
 
Publishing Math Lecture Notes as Linked Data
Publishing Math Lecture Notes as Linked DataPublishing Math Lecture Notes as Linked Data
Publishing Math Lecture Notes as Linked Data
 
sTeX+ – a System for Flexible Formalization of Linked Data
sTeX+ – a System for Flexible Formalization of Linked DatasTeX+ – a System for Flexible Formalization of Linked Data
sTeX+ – a System for Flexible Formalization of Linked Data
 
Krextor – An Extensible Framework for Contributing Content Math to the Web of...
Krextor – An Extensible Framework for Contributing Content Math to the Web of...Krextor – An Extensible Framework for Contributing Content Math to the Web of...
Krextor – An Extensible Framework for Contributing Content Math to the Web of...
 
Mathematical Semantics of Statistical Data
Mathematical Semantics of Statistical DataMathematical Semantics of Statistical Data
Mathematical Semantics of Statistical Data
 
Enabling Collaboration on Semiformal Mathematical Knowledge by Semantic Web I...
Enabling Collaboration on Semiformal Mathematical Knowledge by Semantic Web I...Enabling Collaboration on Semiformal Mathematical Knowledge by Semantic Web I...
Enabling Collaboration on Semiformal Mathematical Knowledge by Semantic Web I...
 
Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...
Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...
Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...
 
Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...
Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...
Ontology Integration and Interoperability (OntoIOp) – Part 1: The Distributed...
 
TNTBase – a Versioned Database for XML (Mathematical) Documents
TNTBase – a Versioned Database for XML (Mathematical) DocumentsTNTBase – a Versioned Database for XML (Mathematical) Documents
TNTBase – a Versioned Database for XML (Mathematical) Documents
 

Recently uploaded

How to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyes
How to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyesHow to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyes
How to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyesThousandEyes
 
Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™
Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™
Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™Adtran
 
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024SkyPlanner
 
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfDaniel Santiago Silva Capera
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding TeamAdam Moalla
 
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1DianaGray10
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxGDSC PJATK
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7DianaGray10
 
RAG Patterns and Vector Search in Generative AI
RAG Patterns and Vector Search in Generative AIRAG Patterns and Vector Search in Generative AI
RAG Patterns and Vector Search in Generative AIUdaiappa Ramachandran
 
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...Aggregage
 
Things you didn't know you can use in your Salesforce
Things you didn't know you can use in your SalesforceThings you didn't know you can use in your Salesforce
Things you didn't know you can use in your SalesforceMartin Humpolec
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureEric D. Schabell
 
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online CollaborationCOMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaborationbruanjhuli
 
Cloud Revolution: Exploring the New Wave of Serverless Spatial Data
Cloud Revolution: Exploring the New Wave of Serverless Spatial DataCloud Revolution: Exploring the New Wave of Serverless Spatial Data
Cloud Revolution: Exploring the New Wave of Serverless Spatial DataSafe Software
 
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationUsing IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationIES VE
 
Introduction to Quantum Computing
Introduction to Quantum ComputingIntroduction to Quantum Computing
Introduction to Quantum ComputingGDSC PJATK
 
COMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a Website
COMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a WebsiteCOMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a Website
COMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a Websitedgelyza
 
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfVideogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfinfogdgmi
 
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024D Cloud Solutions
 
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLDesigning A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLRuncy Oommen
 

Recently uploaded (20)

How to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyes
How to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyesHow to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyes
How to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyes
 
Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™
Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™
Meet the new FSP 3000 M-Flex800™
 
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
 
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
 
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
 
RAG Patterns and Vector Search in Generative AI
RAG Patterns and Vector Search in Generative AIRAG Patterns and Vector Search in Generative AI
RAG Patterns and Vector Search in Generative AI
 
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
 
Things you didn't know you can use in your Salesforce
Things you didn't know you can use in your SalesforceThings you didn't know you can use in your Salesforce
Things you didn't know you can use in your Salesforce
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
 
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online CollaborationCOMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
 
Cloud Revolution: Exploring the New Wave of Serverless Spatial Data
Cloud Revolution: Exploring the New Wave of Serverless Spatial DataCloud Revolution: Exploring the New Wave of Serverless Spatial Data
Cloud Revolution: Exploring the New Wave of Serverless Spatial Data
 
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationUsing IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
 
Introduction to Quantum Computing
Introduction to Quantum ComputingIntroduction to Quantum Computing
Introduction to Quantum Computing
 
COMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a Website
COMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a WebsiteCOMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a Website
COMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a Website
 
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfVideogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
 
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
 
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLDesigning A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
 

Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical Knowledge

  • 1. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical Knowledge Summary of my work at DERI (Apr–Oct 2008) EECS Seminar Christoph Lange Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany KWARC – Knowledge Adaptation and Reasoning for Content October 14, 2008 Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 1 October Knowledge
  • 2. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook My Home: Mathematical Knowledge Management Ph. D. student with Prof. Michael Kohlhase Our group does “Mathematical Knowledge Management” dealing with mathematical knowledge formality ranges from human-friendly to computer-verifiable My Project Collaboration on semiformal knowledge Using semantic web technologies (a semantic wiki, in particular) Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 2 October Knowledge
  • 3. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook What I Wanted to Learn About the Semantic Web engineering ontologies for scientific documents user interfaces for annotating and browsing relation of social interaction to knowledge Where? At DERI, they do this (and more) Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 3 October Knowledge
  • 4. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook DERI (Digital Enterprise Research Institute) Largest semantic web research institute worldwide (130 members) Applied Research eLearning semantic reality (sensor networks, ubiquitous computing) web services industrial applications Semantic Information Systems and Language Engineering Social Software Foundational Research data intensive infrastructures information mining and retrieval reasoning and querying Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 4 October Knowledge
  • 5. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Before: SWiM, a Semantic Wiki for Mathematics Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 5 October Knowledge
  • 6. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Ontologies for Mathematical Documents (1) Previous State notDef I had a basic ontology that modelled structures of renders- mathematical knowledge; mainly statements (definition, Symbol theorem, proof, examples) sym used in SWiM for navigation, queries, internal uses- uses- Symbol Symbol bookkeeping fmp ex fmp ex fmp ex contains contains symDef symDef symDef contains cd cd cd Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 6 October Knowledge
  • 7. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Ontologies for Mathematical Documents (1) Previous State notDef I had a basic ontology that modelled structures of renders- mathematical knowledge; mainly statements (definition, Symbol theorem, proof, examples) sym used in SWiM for navigation, queries, internal uses- uses- Symbol Symbol bookkeeping fmp ex fmp ex fmp ex Next Challenge contains contains Semi-formal knowledge often comes in documents that also contain text symDef symDef symDef There is a document structure (chapter, section, contains cross-reference), and a rhetorical structure, both of cd cd cd which can be independent from the mathematical structure. Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 6 October Knowledge
  • 8. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Ontologies for Mathematical Documents (2) Getting the Model Right rhetorical ont. document ont. ↔ annotation ont. ↔ mathematical ont. (following the SALT approach) A SALT (Semantically Annotated LTEX) semantic authoring framework for creating scientific publications Implementation Expansion of the ontology Rules for extracting these concepts from OMDoc documents to RDF Krextor XML→RDF extraction library Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 7 October Knowledge
  • 9. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook User Interfaces for Annotating and Browsing Improved Annotation Support More and easier annotation support in the editor toolbars for easy selection of types of mathematical knowledge from phrase to theory level deleting annotations auto-completion of link targets (prepared) Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 8 October Knowledge
  • 10. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook User Interfaces for Annotating and Browsing Improved Annotation Support More and easier annotation support in the editor toolbars for easy selection of types of mathematical knowledge from phrase to theory level deleting annotations auto-completion of link targets (prepared) Rhetorical Annotation and Visualisation improved and extended syntax for annotating SALT-/RST-like rhetorical structures in OMDoc A using the SALT ontology within the host language OMDoc, not LTEX ideas for an editing interface visualisation of rhetorical relations and blocks implemented → active documents Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 8 October Knowledge
  • 11. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Annotation Sections in the editor Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 9 October Knowledge
  • 12. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Annotation The toolbar Sections in the editor (Implementation by Gordan Ristovski) Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 9 October Knowledge
  • 13. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Visualisation of Rhetorical Structures Rhetorical Blocks (SALT) Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 10 October Knowledge
  • 14. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Visualisation of Rhetorical Structures Rhetorical Blocks (SALT) Rhetorical Relations (SALT, implementing RST) (Implementation by Jana Giceva) Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 10 October Knowledge
  • 15. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Argumentation about Mathematical Knowledge Idea Need for structured wiki discussions, well-defined workflow for solving problems with knowledge in a wiki My Case a wiki page is an item of mathematical knowledge, e. g. a theorem issues discussed will be quite specific: e. g. “This theorem is hard to understand” (or wrong, or inadequately presented, . . . ) Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 11 October Knowledge
  • 16. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Argumentation about Mathematical Knowledge Idea Need for structured wiki discussions, well-defined workflow for solving problems with knowledge in a wiki My Case a wiki page is an item of mathematical knowledge, e. g. a theorem issues discussed will be quite specific: e. g. “This theorem is hard to understand” (or wrong, or inadequately presented, . . . ) Related Topic There is also argumentation within artifacts of scientific knowledge, but so far I focused more on argumentation about them. Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 11 October Knowledge
  • 17. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Resource Edit Discussion History Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12 October Knowledge
  • 18. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Resource Edit Discussion History Issue Alice 2008–05–30 [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision] It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12 October Knowledge
  • 19. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Resource Edit Discussion History Issue Alice 2008–05–30 [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision] It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis Agree Bob 2008–05–31 Indeed, besides automated approaches it’s hard to get focused feedback from users. Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12 October Knowledge
  • 20. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Resource Edit Discussion History Issue Alice 2008–05–30 [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision] It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis Agree Bob 2008–05–31 Indeed, besides automated approaches it’s hard to get focused feedback from users. Idea Claire 2008–06–01 [Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision] So let’s make wiki discussions semantic! Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12 October Knowledge
  • 21. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Resource Edit Discussion History Issue Alice 2008–05–30 [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision] It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis Agree Bob 2008–05–31 Indeed, besides automated approaches it’s hard to get focused feedback from users. Idea Claire 2008–06–01 [Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision] So let’s make wiki discussions semantic! Argument Dave 2008–06–02 [Agree][Disagree] We could take types from an argumentation ontology for the posts. Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12 October Knowledge
  • 22. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Resource Edit Discussion History Issue Alice 2008–05–30 [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision] It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis Agree Bob 2008–05–31 Indeed, besides automated approaches it’s hard to get focused feedback from users. Idea Claire 2008–06–01 [Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision] So let’s make wiki discussions semantic! Argument Dave 2008–06–02 [Agree][Disagree] We could take types from an argumentation ontology for the posts. Argument Eric 2008–06–03 [Agree][Disagree] And every discourse should be connected to resources corresponding to the wiki page, and there should be domain-specific Idea and Issue subclasses. Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12 October Knowledge
  • 23. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Resource Edit Discussion History Issue Alice 2008–05–30 [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision] It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis Agree Bob 2008–05–31 Indeed, besides automated approaches it’s hard to get focused feedback from users. Idea Claire 2008–06–01 [Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision] So let’s make wiki discussions semantic! Argument Dave 2008–06–02 [Agree][Disagree] We could take types from an argumentation ontology for the posts. Argument Eric 2008–06–03 [Agree][Disagree] And every discourse should be connected to resources corresponding to the wiki page, and there should be domain-specific Idea and Issue subclasses. Agree Anonymous 2008–06–04 That’s great, then the wiki could assist with the realisation of an approved idea. And old decisions would be documented. Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12 October Knowledge
  • 24. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Resource Edit Discussion History Issue Alice 2008–05–30 [Idea][Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision] It’s hard to find out how to improve content (= resources) in wikis Agree Bob 2008–05–31 Indeed, besides automated approaches it’s hard to get focused feedback from users. Idea Claire 2008–06–01 [Argument][Agree][Disagree][Decision] So let’s make wiki discussions semantic! Argument Dave 2008–06–02 [Agree][Disagree] We could take types from an argumentation ontology for the posts. Argument Eric 2008–06–03 [Agree][Disagree] And every discourse should be connected to resources corresponding to the wiki page, and there should be domain-specific Idea and Issue subclasses. Agree Anonymous 2008–06–04 That’s great, then the wiki could assist with the realisation of an approved idea. And old decisions would be documented. Decision Christoph 2008–06–05 So let’s do it! (Available in SWiM) Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 12 October Knowledge
  • 25. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Domain-Specific Argumentation Assumptions Possible problems depend on the type of knowledge item Possible solutions depend on the type of knowledge item and the type of problem Standard problems have standard solutions, with which software can assist Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 13 October Knowledge
  • 26. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Domain-Specific Argumentation Assumptions Possible problems depend on the type of knowledge item Possible solutions depend on the type of knowledge item and the type of problem Standard problems have standard solutions, with which software can assist Survey (tinyurl.com/5qdetd) Common issues: wrong, incomprehensible, uncommon style, underspecified, redundant, truth uncertain Common solutions: directly improve affected knowledge item, split it When issues remain unresolved, it’s mostly due to insufficient restructuring support Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 13 October Knowledge
  • 27. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Domain-Specific Argumentation (Example) User Interface Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 14 October Knowledge
  • 28. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Domain-Specific Argumentation (Example) hasDiscussion forum1 theorem (IkeWiki ontology) has_container exemplifies post1: Issue (Incomprehensible) example responseTo has_reply resolvesInto post2: Idea (ProvideExample) positionOn knowledge post3: Agree items (OMDoc ontology) on wiki pages post4: Disagree onIdea post5: Agree onIssue withPositions post6: Decision physical structure argumentative (SIOC) discussion page structure RDF Graph User Interface Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 14 October Knowledge
  • 29. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook General Argumentation on Social Media Sites developing an argumentation module for SIOC (ontology for Semantically Interlinking Online Communities) joint work with Uldis Boj¯rs (SIOC) and Tudor Groza (SALT) a use cases, model, guidelines for usage implementation and evaluation to be done refers_to supports/ Statement Argument challenges agrees_with/ subClassOf disagrees_with/ subClassOf neutral_towards arises_from Issue Idea Elaboration Example Evaluation Justification proposes_solution_for elaborates_on decides Position supported_by Decision Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 15 October Knowledge
  • 30. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook OpenMath Case Study lightweight mathematical ontology engineering (http://wiki.openmath.org) no rhetorical structures, no documents but still a lot of structures to annotate! definitions, formal properties, examples, notations local argumentation small group of knowledge engineers (domain experts) specialised editors: structured definitions, formulas, metadata evaluation needed Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 16 October Knowledge
  • 31. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Summary What I hope(d) to learn – to use it for mathematical knowledge management: engineering ontologies for scientific documents ! user interfaces for annotating and browsing ! relation of social interaction to knowledge ! Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 17 October Knowledge
  • 32. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Summary What I hope(d) to learn – to use it for mathematical knowledge management: engineering ontologies for scientific documents ! user interfaces for annotating and browsing ! relation of social interaction to knowledge ! What I hope to contribute to the semantic web: mathematics as a complex use case pointing out limits of the semantic web an ontology for a complex domain, with document structure, mathematical structure, and rhetorical structure domain-specific argumentation Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 17 October Knowledge
  • 33. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Further Work Active Documents Interactive editing and previewing of notations Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 18 October Knowledge
  • 34. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Further Work Active Documents Interactive editing and previewing of notations Argumentation Study relationship between argumentation within and about documents Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 18 October Knowledge
  • 35. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Further Work Active Documents Interactive editing and previewing of notations Argumentation Study relationship between argumentation within and about documents Ontologies 1 Scalable metadata syntax and semantics for OMDoc → import metadata vocabularies as theories 2 Document these vocabularies in OMDoc 3 Model them in OMDoc 4 Export them back to the semantic web Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 18 October Knowledge
  • 36. Introduction Ontologies/Annotation Argumentation Case Study Summary Outlook Further Work Active Documents Interactive editing and previewing of notations Argumentation Study relationship between argumentation within and about documents Ontologies 1 Scalable metadata syntax and semantics for OMDoc → import metadata vocabularies as theories 2 Document these vocabularies in OMDoc 3 Model them in OMDoc 4 Export them back to the semantic web Semantic Web Empowering MKM Lange (Jacobs University) Annotating Rhetorical and Argumentative Structures in Mathematical 14, 2008 18 October Knowledge