1. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
Xncp--°-c-tØ-h-cpsS Xncp-ap-‰Øv
s{]m^. sX°pw-Iq¿ tkma-h¿Ω-cmPm
amb Ncn{X ]›m- Ø -
esØ ]cm-a¿in-°msX
hø. sIm√-h¿jm-cw-`-Im-
eØv atlm- Z - b - ] pcw
Bÿm--am°n tIcfw
`cn- ® n- c p∂ Ipe- t i- J c
s]cp-am-°-∑m¿ `c-W-ku-
I-cy-Ønv cmPysØ ]Xn-
s-´p- m-Sp-I-fmbn hn`-Pn-
®p. Cu mSp- I - f n¬
G‰hpw hnkv X r- X hpw
{]m[m- y- t a- d n- b - X p- a mb
shº- e - mSv ]n¬°m- e -
Øv, G.- U n. 1103- ˛ ¬,
sX°pw-Iq-sd-∂pw,
hS°pwIqsd∂pw
c≠mbn ]ncn- ™ p.
sX°pw-Iq-dns‚ BZy-Xe- -
Ωƒ k©-cn-°p-IbmWv. q‰m-≠p-I-fpsS ÿmw tIm´-bsØ ]mºm-Sn-°-SpØ sh∂n-a-e-
Ncn-{X-ap-dßp∂ ]c-ip-cm-at£-{X-Øns‚ S-hgn-I-
- - - bm-bn-cp-∂p.
fn-eqsS {]mNo-hpw ]hn-{X-hp-amb Xncp-hcßp-I-- -
G.-Un. 12, 13, 14 q‰m-≠p-I-fn¬ sh∂n-ae
fn-te°v F√m-sa√mw a[p-cn-∏n-°p∂ ]©m-£co-a- - Xeÿm--am°n cmPyw-`-cn-®n-cp∂ sX°pw-Iq¿
{¥-Øns‚ Aar-X_n-μp-°ƒ h¿jn-°p-∂, ip`-I-
- 15-˛mw q‰m-≠ns‚ HSphn¬ Xe-ÿmw tIm´-
chpw im¥-hp-am-b, inh-k∂n-[n-Ifn-te°v Ωƒ
- - bsØ Xfn-t°m-´-bn-te-°p- am-‰n. Ab¬m-Sp-hm-
kz—-μambn k©-cn-°p-Ibm-Wv. tKmI¿Æw apX¬
- - gnbmb sNº-I-t»-cn-bpsS IS-∂m-{I-aW `oj-Wn-
Iym-Ip-am-cn-hsc-bp≈ ]gb tIc-fØnse qs‰-
- - bm-bn-cp∂p AXnp Imc-Ww. ]t≠ Xs∂ kz¥w
´p-in-hm-e-b-ß-fpsS aln-am-Xn-tc-I-߃ h¿Æ-hn- apjv°c kwLsØs°m≠v Ir{Xn-aßfpw sIm≈- -
kvabw Xo¿°p∂ taem-∏n-p-Xm-sg, {]Pm-t£-a- b-Sn-°epw S-Øn-t∏m∂ sNº-I-t»cn cmPmhv
X¬]c-mbncps∂mcp s]cp-am-fns‚ cmP-[m-n°p sX°pw-Iq-dnv h√mØ Xe-th-Z--bm-bn. sh∂n-a-
ap∂n¬, B ]cn-kcßsf apgp-h≥ ssIem-kXpeyw
- - - e-bn-en-cp∂p `cWw S-Øn-bm¬ sNº-I-t»-cnsb
kz¿§o-bam-°p∂ alm-t£-{X-Øn-p-ap-∂n¬, Ω-
- nebv°p n¿Øm-m-hn-s√-∂-Xp-sIm≠v cmPmhv
fn- t ∏mƒ FØn- b n- c n- ° p- ∂ p. CXp Xncp- - ° - c . Xe-ÿmw Xfn-bn-te-°p- am-‰p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ao-
]≠sØ sX°pw-Iq¿ cmP-hw-iØns‚ Xne-I°p-
- - ®n-em-dns‚ Xoc-ØmWv Xfn. AhnsS tIm´-sIm-
dn-bmbn amdnb Xncp-°c alm-tZ-h¿ t£{Xw! Ø-fßfpw t£{Xhpw t£{X-°p-fhpw Kplm-am¿§-
-
ßfpw InS-ßp-Ifpw Xo¿Øv F{Xbpw kpc-£n-
tIc-f-Ønse inh-t£-{X-ß-fn¬ Gsd {]i- Xhpw Dd-∏p-≈-Xp-amb Xe-ÿm--ap-≠m-°n. tIm´-
kvX-amb tIm´-bsØ Xncp--°c t£{X-sØ-°p- bv°-I-Øp≈ cmP-[mn ""tIm´-b-I''-ambn; ]ns∂
dn®p ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXns‚ DXv]-Øn°p nZm-- ""tIm´-b-hp''-am-bn.
- 101 -

2. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
C°m-e-ØmWv sX°pw-Iq¿cmPmhv Xncp-- c≠mw hS-°pw-mY t£{Xw Xs∂-bmIpw''. k¥p-
°- c - t £{Xw n¿Ωn- ° p- ∂ - X v . X- f n- t °m- ´ - b n¬ jvS-mb cmPmhv Bÿm--amb Xfn-t°m-´bv°p
n¿Ωn® t£{X-Øn¬ hn{Kl {]Xn-jvT-bm-bn-cp- Ing-°p-h-i-ap≈ °-c-Ip-∂n¬ ]d™ e£-W-
∂p. Xncp--°-c-bn-em-hs´ kzbw-`q-hmb tXh-cm- sa√mw a- n-¬ I≠n-cn-s°, Hcp Znhkw ImSp-
Wv. At©m Btdm iXm-_vZ-߃°p-ta¬ ]g-°- n-d™ B Ip∂n≥]pdØv Irjn-∏Wn sNbvXp-
an-√mØ Cu t£{X-Øns‚ n¿Ωn-Xn°p ]n∂n¬ sIm-≠n-cp∂ Hcph≥ a¨sh-´n-sIm≠p Hcp inem-
Hcp IY-bp-≈Xv Cßs: kz¥w CjvS-tZ-h-X-bpw J-WvU-Øn¬ c‡-sam-en-®n-d-ßp∂ A¤pXw
Bcm-[-m-aq¿Øn-bp-amb ]c-a-in-hs‚ t£{Xw kzman-bm¿ aT-Ønse kzmansb h√mØ ]cn-{`-a-
tIm´- b - Ø p- X s∂ D≠m- b n- c ns° A∂sØ tØmsS Adn-bn-®p. apºv, Xºp-cms‚ n¿t±-i-{]-
sX°pw-Iq¿ Xºp-cm≥ sIcp-fcv tImX-h¿Ωcv (Cu Imcw Xs‚sbm∏w IqSn-bn-cp∂ t]tc-∏-dºp ºq-
cmPm-hns‚ t]cv t£{X-Øn-en-cn-°p∂ angm-hn¬ Xn-cn-bp-sam-∂n®v kzman-bm¿ ÿe-Øp-h-∂-t∏mƒ
hs´-gp-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.) Xrin-h-t]- kzbw-`q-hmb Hcp inh-enw-K-am-WnXv F∂p-I≠v
cq¿ hS-°pw-m-Y-n¬ AXo-h-`-‡n-hn-izm-k-ß- aT-Øn¬ n∂p-Xs∂ hnf-°v, ]qhv, DW-°-ecn
tfmsS hfsc h¿j-߃ Xn¶ƒ`Pw S-Øn-bn- XpS-ßnb ]qPm-km-a-{Kn-Iƒ hcpØn DS≥Xs∂
cp-∂p. {]mbm-[n-Iyw-sIm≠v At±-l-Ønv AXv ºq-Xn-cn-sb-s°m≠v ]qPbpw nth-Zyhpw Ign-
XpS¿∂p S-Øm≥ Ign-bm-sX-bm-bn. Xs‚ n - ∏n®v S-∂-Im-cy-ß-sfms° cmPm-hns t_m[n-
lm- b - X - b n¬ aw- s m¥v hS- ° pw- m- Y - t mSp ∏n-®p. hnIm-cm-[o-m-bn-Øo¿∂ Xºp-cm≥ Xriq¿
-
{]m¿∞n® Xºp-cm≥ atl-iz-cs‚ atm-KXw hS-°pw-m-Ys‚ Acp-f-∏mSp kXy-am-bn-Øo¿∂
kz]v-Øn¬ tI´p-hs{X: ""Cn Fs∂ ImWm≥ IrXm¿∞-X-tbmsS AhnsS h∂p-tm-°p-tºmƒ
Ctßm-´p-h∂p _p≤n-ap-t´-≠. Rm≥ °-c-°p- inh-enw-Khpw AXns‚ ap≥h-i-Ømbn hrj-`pw
∂n¬ Ah-Xcn-°mw. AhnsS Fs∂ `Pn-®m¬ aXn.
- ]n≥h-iØv Aev]w hS-°p-amdn hmbp-tIm-Wn¬
Fs‚ ]ptcm-`m-KØv hrj-`pw ]›mZv `mKØv Hcp sX®nbpw I≠v CXp hS-°pw-m-Y≥ Xs∂-
Hcp shfp-Ø-sX-®nbpw ImWpw. AhnsS Hcp sb∂p a- n-em-°n.
t£{Xw ]WnXv Fs∂ {]Xn-jvTn-°-Ww. AXv ]ns∂, [rX-K-Xn-
bn¬ Cuiz-cm-`o-jvS-a-
p- k - c n®v t£{Xw
n¿Ωn- ° p- ∂ - X n- p≈
bXvw Xºp-cm≥ XpS-
ßn. sX°pw- I q¿
cmPysØ G‰hpw
hepXpw anI-®-Xp-amb
Hcp alm-t£-{X-amWv
°-c-Ip-∂n¬ cmPmhp
]Wn-bn-®-Xv. mep-tKm-
]p-c-am-fn-I-Iƒ, IqØ-
º-ew, B-s°m-´n¬,
hnf-°p-am-Sw, Du´p-]p-c,
D]-tZ-hXm-t£-{X-߃
-
XpS-ßn-b-h-tbm-Sp-IqSn
hf- c - t hKw t£{X-
- 103 -

3. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
Øns‚ ]Wn-]q¿Øo-I-cn-
®p. sX°pw-Iq-dns‚ cXv-
In- c oSwt]mse ]cn- e -
kn® B alm- t £- { X-
Ønv DNn-X-amb coXn-bn-
ep≈ ]qPm- h n- [ m- - ß -
fmWv Xºp-cm-t¿s∏-Sp-
Øn- b - X v . Xs‚- s bm∏w
Xrin- h - t ]- c q¿ n∂v
B{in- X - m- b n- ° q- S nb
t]tc- ∏ - d ºp ºq- X n- c n-
sb- Ø s∂ At±lw
ta¬im-¥n-bmbn nb-an-
®p. X{¥w Xc-W--√q¿
ºq- X n- c n°v t£{X-
Øns‚ ssZw-Zn `c-W-
®p- a - X e sNß- g - t »- c n,
]p∂-t»cn aq -X-∑msc G¬∏n-®p. kzbw-`q-hmb hnm-i-I-c-amb Ah-ÿ-I-fp-≠m-°p-tºmƒ Xncp-
inh-enwKw sN∂p-I-≠Xv sNß-g-t»-cnbpw ]ns∂- -°-c-bn-em-hs´ AXnp hn]-co-X-am-Wv. kvtl-
°-≠Xv ]p∂-t»-cn-bp-am-sW-∂t{X ]pcm-hr-Øw. n-[n-bmb Hcp Krl-ÿs‚ ne-bn-emWv {io]-c-
kzman-bm¿ aT-Ønse the-°m-cm-bn-cp∂ ]me- ta-iz-cs‚ Chn-SpsØ Ccp-∏v. ssIem-k-irw-K-
t°m-S≥, sSp-aßm-S≥ F∂n-hcpsS Xd-hm-´n-te°v
- - Ønp apI-fn-se-∂-t]mse Xncp--°-c-°p-∂ns‚
t£{X-Øn¬ hnf-s°-Sp∏pw s√p-IpØpw S-Øp- sdp-I-bn¬ km£m¬ ]c-a-in-h≥! CSXphiØv
∂-Xn-p≈ Ah-Im-ihpw sImSp-Øp. {io]m¿Δ-Xn, H∏w {ioap-cp-Ipw he-Xp-h-iØv
CXc inh-t£-{X-ßsf At]-£n®v Xncp- KW-]-Xnbpw Aø-∏pw. Cu IpSpw-_-k-¶-ev]-
-°c t£{X-Øn-ep≈ hrj-`v {]m[myw IqSp- tØm-Sq-IqSnb Xncp-°cbnse {]Xn-jvTbpsS `mh-
- - - -
X-ep-≠v. Poh-p≈ hrj-`am-bn-´p-Xs∂-bmWv Chn-
- - sØ-°p-dn®v Cß-s-sbmcp t«mI-ap≠v:
SpsØ μn-bpsS k¶-ev]w. inh-enw-Khpw Imfbpw ""aqte Iev]-{Zp-a-ky, [rX-I--I-n`w Nmcp-]-flm-
sX®nbpw Hcp henb ine-bpsS `mK-ß-fm-sW∂p k-ÿw
]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu hrj`w kao-]-Øp≈ thfq¿ hmamw-Km-cqV Kucow n-_n-UIp-N`cm-t`m-KKm-Vm-
- - - -
F∂ ÿesØ hb-en¬s®∂v s√p-Xn-∂-t∏mƒ `n-cqVw
Hcp ]d-b≥ Is√-dn™v AXns apdn-th¬∏n-®- k¿Δm-e-¶m-c-Im¥nw hc-]-ip-ar-Km-`o-Xn-lkvXw
t{X. Hcp kz]v-Ønse n¿t±-i-{]-Imcw sX°pw- {]k∂w
Iq¿ cmPmhv Imf s-√p-Xn∂ hb¬ AXn-p-Xs∂
- htμ, _mte-μp-au-enw, KP-hZKp-lm`yma-`n-«n-jvS-
- - -
nthZyw hIbv°v hmßn-s°m-Sp-∏n-®p. A∂p-sXm´v ]m¿tiz''
B hb¬ "Imf-°≠'ambn. t£{X-Øns‚ Xncp-ap-‰Øv sX°p-h-iØv
Xncp--°-c-tØ-h-cpsS ssNX-yhpw {]kn- IqØ-º-ew. AXnp Ing°v Hcm-∏-¥-ep-≠v.
≤nbpw mƒtXmdpw h¿≤n- ® p- s Im- ≠ n- c p- ∂ Xv sXt°-Sbn-embn KW-]Xn-bp-sSbpw AXnp ]nd-
- - -
sX°pw-Iq¿ cmPy-Øn- p-X s∂ sFiz- cy- a m- bn- In¬ Aø- ∏ - s ‚bpw {]Xn- j v T - I ƒ. Ah- b psS
Øo¿∂p. kwlm- c - a q¿Øn- b mb ]c- a - i n- h s‚ Z¿iw Ing-t°m-´m-Wv. hS-°p-h-iØv kp{_-“-
ssNXyw AXn-`n-ap-Jamb ÿeØv ]e-t∏mgpw
- - Wy≥, hS-°pw-m-Y≥, Zp¿§, {_“-c-£ v F∂n-
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4. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
c-bpsS apºnepw a®nepw Iqغ-e-
Ønse rØ-aWvU]Ønepw {iotIm-
- - -
hn-ens‚ ap≥h-iØpw Nn{X-∏-Wn-Ifpw
Zmcp-in-ev]-ßfpw Hcp]m-Sp-≠v. hrj`w
InS-°p∂ aWvU-]-Ønp apI-fn¬
F´p-ssII-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb atl-iz-cs‚
Zmcp-inev]w AXoh kpμ-c-am-Wv.
t£{X-n¿Ωn-Xn-°p-tijw
sX°pw-Iq¿ cmPmhv nXy-n-Zm-w,
amk- h n- t i- j w, B´
-hn-tijw apX-em-b-h-bv°p-th≠ hI-
I-sf-√m-a-p-h-Zn-®v, ta¬im-¥n-bmb
t]tc-∏-dºp ºq-Xn-cn-tbmSpw X{¥n
Xc-W--√q¿ ºq-Xn-cn-tbmSpw Btem-
Nn®v t£{X-Im-cy-ß-sf√mw Nn´-s∏-Sp-
Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Znw-{]Xn Dj:]qP,
FXn¿Ø- ] q- P , ]¥o- c - S n, D®- ] q- P ,
AØm-g]q-P F∂n-ßs A©p ]qP,
-
FXn¿Ø-]q-P, D®-]q-P, AØm-g-]qP
F∂n-h-bv°p-tijw {io_-en. ]¥o-c-
Sn-∏q-P-bv°mWp {]m[m-yw. AXn-p-
tijw £oc-[m-cbpw Pe-[m-c-bp-ap-≠v.
AXp-I-gn-™v, D®-∏q-P-bv°p-ap-ºmbn
h-Iw. AI-tØ-°p≈ nth-Zy-tØm-
sSm∏w hrj-`-Øn-p≈ nth-Zyhpw
{][m--am-Wv. inh-enw-K-Øn--`n-ap-J-am-
bp≈ μn-bpsS ]ptcm-`mKw `‡-∑m¿
h-cpsS {]Xn-jvT-I-fm-Wv. Xncp--°-c-tØ-h-cpsS apdn-®p-I-S-°m-dn-√. amk-hn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ {]tZm-j-
enwKw kzbw-`q-hm-b-Xp-sIm≠v `‡-mb sX°pw- Øn- mWv {]m[m- yw. {]tZm- j - ] q- P - t bm- S p-
Iq¿ Xºp- c m≥ hS- ° pw- m- Y s Dt±- i n®v tN¿∂p≈ {][m--s∏´ NSßv A`n-tj-I-am-Wv.
{]tXyIambn S-Ønb {]Xn-jvT-bmWv hS-°pw- ]n-o-cv, ]mev, Icn-°v, `kvaw F∂n-h-sIm-≠p≈
m-Y-≥. hS-°pw-m-Ys‚ D]-t£-{X-Ønv as‰-ßp- A`n- t j- I - a mWv {]tZm- j - Z n- h kw S- Ø p- ∂ - X v .
an-√mØ aWvU]w cmPmhv ]Wn-bn-®n-cn°p-∂p. {]tZm- j - ß - f n¬ inh- t £- { X- Z ¿iw F{Xbpw
{_“-c-£- p-am-{X-amWv ]Sn-™mdp Z¿i--ambn ]pWy-Icambn Icp-Xs∏-Sp-∂p. inh-t£-{X-ßfn¬,
- - - -
ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂-Xv. {]tXy-In®v Xncp--°-c-bn¬, {]tZm-j-Ønv {]tXy-
t£{X-Øns‚ mep S-I-fn-ep≈ tKm]p-c- I-]q-P-Iƒ ]Xn-hp-≠v. in-bmgvN hcp∂ {]tZm-
am-fn-IIƒ°v Icn-¶-√n¬Øo¿Ø I´n-f-Ifpw ]Sn- j-Øn-mWv IqSp-X¬ amlm-flyw. PK-∑-WvU-e-
I- f p- a m- W v . t£{X- Ø nse Zmcpinev ] ßfpw amsI ssNXyw XpSn-°p∂ {]tZm-j-ß-fn¬,
Npa¿Nn-{X-ßfpw {]Xn-a-Ifpw sImØp-]-Wn-Ifpw `‡n-km-{μ-amb ]cn-k-c-ß-fn¬ `‡-P--{]-hmlw
Iem-aq-ey-ap≈ cN-Ifm-Wv. IqØ-ºeØn¬ cmam-
- - - - IqSp-X-em-hp-∂p. Xncp--°-c-t£-{X-Ønse B´-hn-
bW IY-Iƒ sImØn-h-®n-cn-°p-∂p. _en-°¬]p- ti-jßfn¬ ao-am-k-Ønse ss]¶pn D’-hw,
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5. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
anYp--Ønse BSn D’-hw, Xpem-am-k-Ønse Ip™≥ ]Wn-°¿, Nmº°pfw ]m®p-]n-≈, am¶pfw
Bn D’hw F∂n-ßs aq∂p-’-h-ß-fm-Wp-≈- hnjvWpºq-Xn-cn, hmtg-¶S Ip©p-m-b¿, Iem-a-
Xv. Ch-bn¬ {][m--s∏-´Xv ss]¶pn D’-hw-X- WvUew IrjvW≥mb¿, IpS-am-fq¿ Icp-Wm-I-
s∂. aow H∂mw XobXn sImSn-tbdn ]Ømw c≥mb¿ XpS-ßn A∂pw, Iem-aWvUew tKm]n, -
XobXn Bdm-t´msS sImSn-bn-d-ßp∂ Cu D’hw Iem-a-WvUew cma≥Ip-´n, s√n-tbmSp hmkp-tZ-
Xncp--°-c-bpsS BtLm-j-s∏-cp-a-sIm-≠m-Sp∂ h≥ºq-Xn-cn, aS-hq¿ hmkp-tZ-h≥mb¿, ^mIvSv
h¿Æ-i-_f-amb atlm-’-h-am-Wv. D’h NS-ßp- taml-≥, tIm´-bv°¬ A∏p--ºq-Xn-cn, Iem-
I-fn¬ {][m--s∏´ D’-h-_en Z¿iw sImSn- tI{μw apc- f o- [ - c ≥ºq- X ncn XpSßn C∂pw
tb‰pw Bdm-´p-sam-gn®v F´p-Zn-h-kßfn-ep-ap-≠v. AcßphmW-cp-fp∂ S-∑m-cpsS {]I-S--ßfpw
anYp amk-Ønse BSn D’hw F´p-Zn-h-k-am- tN¿Øe Ip´-∏°p-dp-∏v, XIgn Ip´≥]n-≈, tIm´-
-
Wv. Xncp-hm-Xnc Bdm-´m-bn-h-cp∂ coXn-bn-emWv bv°¬ hmkp-s-Sp-ßm-Sn, Iem-aWvUew i¶-c≥ -
BSn. Xpem- a m- k - Ø nse Bn D’hØnv F{ºm-¥n-cn, sslZ-cm-en, ]≈w am[-h≥, Iem-a-
Aev]in D’-h-sa∂pw ]d-bpw. Bdp-Zn-h-ksØ WvUew lcn-Zm-kv, ]Øn-bq¿ i¶-c≥Ip-´n, Iem-a-
Aev]in Xrt°´ sImSn-tb-‰mbn S-Øp-∂p. Bn WvUew _me-N{μ≥ XpSßn {]i-kvXcmb Kmb-
- -
BSn D’-h-ß-fn¬ {iotIm-hn-en-p-≈nse ]qPm- I-cpsS IY-Ifn-∏m´pw, sN≠, a±fw XpS-ßnb taf-
-
Zn-Im-cy-߃°p-am-{Xta {]m[m-y-ap-≈q. ß-fnse hº-∑m-cpsS {]I-S--ßfpsa√mw-sIm≠v
BZy-Imew apX¬°p-Xs∂ Xncp-°c D’- - hk-¥cm-hp-Iƒ Xo¿°p∂ D’-hImew Xncp-°-
- - -
h-Øns‚ {]ikvXn tIc-f-°-c-bmsI nd™p c- b psS ku`m- K y- a m- W v . Ip´- t ©cn mcm- b W
]S¿∂n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. a≤y-Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬s∏´ NmIym¿, ss]¶pfw cma-Nm-Iym¿, amWn-am-[h
sX°pw- I q¿ tZi- h - g n- b psS kmaq- l yhpw NmIym¿ XpS-ßn AXn-{]-ikvXcmb Iem-Im-c∑m-
- - -
kmwkv°m-cn-I-hp-amb DW¿Δns‚ {]Im-i--sa-∂- cpsS IqØpw IqSn-bm-´hpw ]mT-Ihpw, ae-_m¿
Xn-ep-]cn sFiz-cy-k-ar-≤n-I-fpsS {]Xo-I-amb hnf- cma≥mb- c psS Hm´≥Xp- ≈ epw, sNssºbpw
sh-Sp-∏ns‚ BtLm-j-ambpw, Iem-Im-bn-I-ta-J-e- siΩm-¶p-Snbpw Fw.-Fkv. kp∫-e£van-bpw, _me-
- -
I-fnse anI-hp-Iƒ a’-cn-°p∂ Ifn-b-c-ßmbpw, ap-cfo-Ir-jvWbpw, Fw.-F¬. hk-¥Ip-am-cn, Sn.-B¿.
- -
hymh-km-bnI hnI-k--ß-fpsS hnfw-_-c-th-Zn- alm-enw-Kw, tbip-Zmkv XpS-ßn-b-h-cp-sam-cp-°nb
bmbpw ]cn-e-kn-°p∂ hnkva-b-hn-ti-j-amWv Xncp- kwKoX kZ- p-Ifpw HcpIm-eØv ChnSpsØ D’-
-°c D’-hw. sImSn-tb‰p apX¬ Bdm-´p-h-sc- h-th-Zn-Isf {Xkn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. F√m hn`m-K-ß-
bp≈ Znh-k-ß-fn¬ `‡-k-l-{k-ß-fpsS A¥- fnepws∏´ G‰hpw {]K-¤-cmb Iem-Im-c-∑m¿
cw-K-ß-fn¬ B≤ym-flnI ssNX-ysØ t{]mPz- Imem-Im-eßfmbn Cu ]mc-ºcyw ImØp-t]m-cp-
- -
en-∏n-°p∂ hnti-j- ]q-PIfpw NS-ßp-Ifpw {iotIm-
- ∂p. Xncp--°-c-tØ-h-cpsS Bdm-´n--I-º-Sn-bmbn
hn-en-p-≈n¬ kl-{k-]{Xw hnS¿Øp-tºmƒ, ]pd- ]≠p-≠m-bn-cp∂ "Xncp--°c sIm®p-sIm-º≥'
Øv, B_m-ehr-≤߃°v B-μkμm-bIam-Ip∂
- - - - - - F∂ B Hmtcm tIm´bwImc-s‚bpw A`n-am--
Iem-hn-ti-j-ß-fpsS tIfn-sIm-´m-bn. t£{X-I-e- am-bn-cp-∂p. Icn-acp∂p {]tbm-KØn¬ c≠m-asXmcp
- - -
I-fmb IqØv, IqSn-bm-´w, ]mT-Iw, Xp≈¬, IY- hm°n-√msX sXmΩ≥ h¿°n-bp-≠v. sX°pw-Iq¿
Ifn XpS-ßn-b-h-bpsS D¬Ir-jvS-ß-fmb Ah-X-c- cmPm-hns‚ tkm-hn-`m-KØn¬ kvt^mS-IhkvXp
- -
W-ß-fmWv B≠p-tXmdpw ChnsS Ac-tß-dp-∂- n¿Ωm-W-Øn-mbn ntbm-Kn-®n-cp∂ IpSpw-_-
Xv. Hmtcm Iem-cq-]hpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ AXn- Ønse AwK-am-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. t£{X-tKm-]p-
{]-i-kvX-cmb Iem-Im-c-∑m-cpsS {]I-SwsIm≠v chpw D’-h∏¥epw Ae-¶cn-®n-cp∂ "]¥¬ inh-
- - -
msSßpw {]Io¿Øn-Xam-Ip-∂p. IY-Ifn-bn¬ Kpcp-
- - cm-a≥mbcpw' Xncp--°-cbv°p kz¥w.
Ip-©p-°p-dp-∏v, Ih-f-∏m-d -m-cm-b-W≥ mb¿, D’-h-Imew F√m tZi-ß-fnepw hn]-W
sh®q¿ cma≥]n-≈, sNß-∂q¿ cma≥]n-≈, Ipdn®n taf-I-fpsS Imew-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. C∂-sØ-t∏mse
- 109 -

6. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
Am-bm-k-ambn hn`-h-ti-J-c-W-߃°p hgn-bn- cbpw thZn-bm-Ip-∂p-≠v. me-©p-h¿jw apºv Cu
√m-Xn-cp∂ ImeØv D’-h-®-¥-Iƒ m´p-Im-cpsS t£{X-Øns‚ D’-htØm-Sp-_‘n®p XpS-ßnb,
- - -
Bth-iam-bn-cp-∂p. D’-htØmSp-_‘n®v ]≠p-
- - - XpS¿∂n-t∏mgpw S-Øp∂, ]I¬∏qcw Hcp ]pXnb
ap-Xte Xncp--°-c-bnse {]tXyI hn]-W thZn- kwcw-`-am-Wv. ]qc-߃°p-]qcw Xriq-cm-Wv. Ahn-
Iƒ Hcp amk-Øn-tesd Xpd-∂n-cn-°pw. aow H∂p SpsØ hS-°pw-m-Ys Chn-SpsØ Xºp-cm≥
apX¬ taSw H∂v hnjphpw taSw ]Øv ]Øm-ap- Ctßm-´m-hm-ln®p {]Xn-jvTn-®-t∏mƒ, kzm`m-hn-I-
Z-bhpw hsc o≠p-n¬°p∂ I®-h-S-߃ ""A—- am-bpw, ChnsS ]qcw {]k-‡-am-Ip-∂p. temIw
sbpw AΩ- s b- b p- s am- g n®v as‰√mw Xncp- - apgp-h≥ ]pI-gm¿∂ Xriq¿]qc-Øns‚ al-Xz-
°c®¥-bn¬In´pw'' F∂p m´p-Im¿ ]d-bp∂ apƒs°m- ≈ m≥ Xncp- - ° - c bv°p Ign-
coXn-bn-em-bn-cp∂p A∂v. Im¿jnI hnf-Ifpw bp∂sXßs? hnimekpμ-c-amb tX°n≥ImSp
hnØp-Ifpw sIm´, apdw, ]mb, ]ºv, ho´p-]-I-c- ssaXm-hpw, Xncp-h-ºm-Sn-˛-]m-d-ta-°mhv t£{X-
W-߃ XpS-ßn-b-hbpw hmßm≥ D’-h-°mew ]-›m-Ø-ehpw, Fhn-Sp-sØbpw F°m-e-sØbpw
ImØn-cp-∂-h¿ Gsd-bm-Wv. Npcp-°-Øn¬, Xncp- anI® taf-s∏-cp-°-ßfpw, Icn-a-cp∂p hnkva-b-ß-
-°-c-bnse D’hw tIm´bw ]´-WsØ apgp-h≥ fpw-sIm≠v `qanae-bm-fsØ A£-cw-{]Xn {]I-
tImƒa-bn¿s°m-≈n-°p∂ IuXp-I-ß-fp-sSbpw ºw sIm≈n- ° p∂ Xriq¿∏qc- Ø ns‚ sNdn-
kmwkv ° m- c nI hnn- a - b - ß - f p- s Sbpw I√ym- W - sbmcp ng-em-bn-´m-sW-¶nepw, Xncp--°-c-bnepw
Imew; Ip´n-Iƒ°pw sNdp-∏-°m¿°pw a≤y-h-b- ]qc-am-bn. D≈-Xp-sIm≠v HmWw F∂p-≠-t√m.
kv°¿°pw hr≤-∑m¿°p-sa√mw Ah-c-h-cpsSXmb Chn- S psØ bph- X z- Ø ns‚ NSp- e - X - I ƒ Cu
coXn-bn¬ BtLm-jn-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂, sh◊-Wn, ]qcsØ Aßs BtLm-j-am-°p-∂p. t£{X-
tNe- ∏ - d - º v , Hdh- ¶ c XpS- ß nb ]gb Pp- ssa-Xm-Øv Ing°pw ]Sn-™mdpw A`n-ap-J-ambn
n¬s∏´ {]Xn-`m-im-en-Iƒ°v ap‡-I-߃ cNn- n¬°p∂ KP-tI-k-cn-I-fpsS Xe-sb-Sp∏pw b-
°m≥ {]tNm-Zw sImSp-°p∂ Ia-ob Imew! m-`n-cm-aam-bn-Øo-cp∂ IpS-am-‰hpw Ae-¶m-cßfpw,
- - -
Sp-hn¬ a´-∂qcw s]cp-h-hpw a’-cn®p ]b-‰p∂
D’- h m- t Lm- j - ß - f nepw NS- ß p- I - f nepw
Xmf- t a- f - ß fpw C∂v tIm´bwImcn¬,
Imtem-Nn-X-amb ]cn-jv°m-c-߃°v Xncp--°-
Xriq¿Imcs‚b{X- b n-
s√-¶n-epw, Hcp sNdnb
Al- ¥ - b p- ≠ m- ° p- ∂ p-
≠v. AXns A[n-I-cn-
°m≥ Xncp-°cssaXm-
-
- Ø ns‚ sRcp°w
Ap-h-Zn-°p-∂n-s√-∂p-
≈Xv kXyw.
B´- h n- t i- j - ß -
fn¬ {][m--s∏´ H∂v
inh-cm-{Xn-bm-Wv. alm-
in-h-cm-{Xn-bpsS alXzw
nd- b p∂ Xncp- - ° - c -
bn¬ F{Xbpw ]hn-{X-
amb LrX- [ mc F∂
NSßv mep-bm-a-ß-fn-
embn S-Øp-∂p. cm{Xn
- 111 -

7. - 113 -
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87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
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Dqh¥fTebgÿleCx.
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FlfvebMõceã svÖx Y©pv~WTx bBfheëeãf
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svÖxbfäTgkW ceùlceCx släfãfTgÿlx.
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D’h Znhkßfn¬ ùMrakebfnfvgúf¬
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87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
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mVecf MjCX
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87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
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{]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. {io. cmP sX°pw-Iq¿ cmP-IpSpw-_mw-K-am-Wv.
Fgp-Øp-Im-c-p-am-Wv. ]pc-kvIm-c-߃ ]eXpw tSnb Ihn-X-Iƒ Bp-Im-en-I-ß-fn¬
hn`mKw ta[m- h n- b mbn Zo¿L- I mew tkh- - a - p- j v T n® {io tkma- h ¿Ω- cmP, Ihnbpw
s{]m^. sX°pw-Iq¿ tkma-h¿Ω- cmPm : Xr°m-°c `mc-X-amXm tImtf-Pn¬ ae-bmfw
inhmb'. sIm-≈p-∂-h¿°v kzm`m-hn-I-ambn D≠m-Ip∂ Hcp
n-∂p-sIm≠v Hcn°¬°qSn P]n-°s´: "Hmw a: hyXy-kvX-am-bn, Cu t£{X-hp-ambn Bfl-_-‘w-
Ap-{K-l-sam-∂p-sIm-≠p-am-{Xw. B Xncp-ap-‰-Øp- t]m-Ip-tºmƒ km[m-cW `‡-P--ß-fn¬n∂p
Sp-°m≥ Fn°p Ign-™Xv Xncp--°-c-tØ-h-cpsS B´-hn-ti-j-ß-fp-sams° A`w-Kp-c-ambn XpS¿∂p-
kq£n-°p∂ Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-`m-h-ßsf H∏nsb- {X-Ønse nXy-n-Zm-hpw amk-hn-ti-j-ßfpw,
Ø-dn-™-t∏mƒ Ct∏mgpw A∂sØ Xmt°m¬ mSp-hm-gn-غp-cms‚ ]pWy-w ]p-W¿∂ alm-t£-
-
Xn-sbpw ktlmZc≥ taml≥Ip-am-dn-sbpw ASp- q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°p-ap-ºv `mKy-im-en-bmb Hcp
Xns‚ C∂sØ Xe-ap-d-bnse ]c-ta-iz-c≥ aqØ- Øn¬ hnhn[ Iem-]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ Ac-tß-dp-∂p.
Øns‚ `c-W-®p-a-X-e-tb-ev]n® ]p∂-t»cn aqØ- a’c_p-≤n-tbmsS S-Øp∂ Nnd-∏p-a-tlm-’-h-
Xv. ]≠sØ Hcp sX°pw-Iq¿ cmPmhv t£{X- Ifpw ÿm]- - ß fpw kaq- l - ß fpw Dug- a n´v
t£{X-Øns‚ Imcm◊ Ah-Imiw kn≤n-°p-∂- Øp∂ Nnd-∏p-’hw ]≠p-ap-X-evtI-bp-≠v. hy‡n-
oe-I-WvT≥ aqØXv'' F∂ ÿm-t∏-cn-emWv aWvU-e-Im-eØv Aø-∏s‚ D]-t£-{X-Øn¬ S-
bmepw, ""tZh≥ tZh≥ F∂p -am-dm-t∏-cp≈ tZh≥ h¿jhpw hr›nIw H∂np XpS-ßp∂ i_-cn-ae
Ønse Imc-W-h-cmb hy‡n-bpsS t]cv a‰v F¥m- tj-I-ßfpw [mcbpw S-Øn-t∏m-cp-∂-Xv. F√m
_-Øns‚ P∑-]p-Wyw. C∂v, ]p∂-t»cn IpSpw-_- bn-emWv tZh-ssN-X-ysØ Pzen-∏n-°p∂ A`n-
ßfpw Ah¿°p-Xs∂ Gs‰-Sp-°m-m-bXv B IpSpw-
- Ønp apI-fn¬ ÿm]n-®n-´p≈ kph¿Æ-tKm-f-I-
s∂-bm-Wv. Xncp--°c t£{X-Øns‚ `c-W-Im-cy- AXn¬ tcn´v A`n-tjIw S-Øm-dn-√. enwK-
]mSIt»cn C√hpw ]p∂-t»cn C√hpw H∂pX- ≠v . kzbw`qhm- b n- c n- ° p∂ enwK- a mbXnm¬
Wy- k zman t£{X- Ø ns‚ Npa- X - e - ° m- c mb ≈n¬ S-Øp∂ A`n-tj-I-߃°v {]tXy-I-X-bp-
tIm´-b-Ønp kao-]-ap≈ B¿∏q-°c kp{_-“- hyXy-kvX-ambn Xncp--°-c-bn¬ {iotIm-hn-en-p-
ASp-Øn-S-bmWv Cu teJ-I≥ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. a‰p inh-t£-{X-ß-fn¬n∂pw
Imcm◊ ssIÿm-n-bmb ]p∂-t»cn aqØ-Xns a-Wn-tbmsS Xocpw. 60 en‰¿ sømWv CXn-p-]-
Krlm-Xp-c-Xz-ap-≠v. Xncp--°c alm-t£-{X-Øns‚ 9 aWn-tbmSpIqSn XpS-ßp∂ [mc ]pe¿s® c≠p-
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011

8. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
Zbm-aq¿Øn-bmb Xr{]-bm-d-∏≥
""Cuimhmky-anZw k¿Δw''
tImc-ºØv tKm]n-m-Y≥
tIc-f-Øn¬ F∂mWv ]d- b p- ∂ - X v .
{iocm- a - t £- { X- ß ƒ F¥m-bmepw Itmen
Xmc-X-tay Ipd-hm- Im¬ n¿Ωn- ° p- ∂ -
Wv. F∂m¬ tIc-f- Xnp hfsc apºp-
Ønse {iocma Xs∂ AhnsS t£{X-
t£{X-߃ Ncn-{X-]- hpw, t£{XsØ
›m-Øew sIm≠pw, sXm´p-cpΩn ]pg HgpIn-
sshhn-[y-am¿∂ bn-cp∂p F∂Xv nkvX
BNm- c - n- j v T - I - s f- ¿°-am-Wv. hnkvXm-c-ta-
sIm≠pw {it≤-bhpw dnb t£{X-a-Xn¬°-I-
{]kn- ≤ - ß - f p- a m- W v . hpw, B-∏-≈-a-Xn-epw,
Xncp-h-ßmSv {iocm-a- aq∂p-h-iØpw
t£-{Xw, Xncp-hn-ezm- Kmw`ocyw hnfn-®dn-bn-®p--
ae hnezm-{Zn-m-Y-t£- sIm- ≠ p- X s∂ ne-
{Xw, IS-h-√q¿ {iocm- n¬°p-∂p. ]Sn-™mdv
a-t£-{Xw, cma-]pcw tKm]p- c hpw ]n∂oSv
{iocm-at£{Xw, Xr{]- ]Wn-Xo¿Ø S-∏p-c-I-
bm¿ {iocm-a-t£{Xw fpw, {]Z-£n-W-h-cnbpw
F∂o t£{X- ß ƒ ]pg- b v ° - ` n- a p- J - a mbn
CXn¬ FSp- Ø p- ] - d - tKm]p- c - k - a m- - a mb
tb-≠-h-bm-Wv. Xr{]- apt∏m-Sp-Iq-Snb S-∏p-c-
bm¿ {iocm- a - k zman bpw, henb _en- ° -
t£{XsØ°pdn- √pw, AXn- s mØ
®mWv ChnsS {]Xn- _en- ° ¬ ]c- b pw,
]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xv. Xriq- hnkvXm-c-ta-dnb
cn¬ n∂v Ccp-]Øn hnf°pamS-hpw, Ap-_-
A©p- I ntem ao‰¿ ‘-amb me-º-e-hpw,
sX°p-]-Sn-™m-dm-bmWv Cu t£{Xw ÿnXn-sN- atm-l-c-amb Xncp-ap-
øp-∂-Xv. Kpcp-hm-bq-cn¬ n∂pw, sImSp-ß-√q-cn¬ ‰hpw, a-kvIm-c-a-WvU-]-hpw, hnim-e-amb h´-{io-
n∂pw XØp-ey-amb Zqc-amWv Chn-sS-°p-≈-Xv. tIm-hn-epw, Db¿∂ tkm]m--hpw F√mw tN¿∂v
Ing-°p-`m-KØv t£{X-Øns sXm´p-cp-Ωn-sbm-gp- Hcp ncp-]a alm-t£-{X-am-sW∂v t£{X-h-kvXp-
Ip∂ ]pg-bpsS t]cv ""Xo{hm-Zn''sb∂mWs{X. Xs∂ hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p-∂p. {io`q-an-k-ta-X-mb
a’y-]p-cm-WØn-epw, tImI-ktμ-iØn-ep-sams°
- - - NXp¿_m- l p- ° - t fm- S p- I qSnb alm- h n- j v W p-
Cu ÿm-sØ-°p-dn®v hnkvX-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xmbn ]d- hns‚XmWv {]Xn-jvT. iwJpw, N{I-hpw, tImZ-
bp-∂p. bm{Xm-ku-I-cy-Øn-mbn sh´n-bp-≠m-°nb Wv U - h pw, A£- a m- e bpw NXp¿_m- l p- ° - f n¬
Itmen Im¬ Cu Zn-tbmSv tN¿∂p-t]m-b-Xp- kv]jvS-ambn ImWmw. {ioe-I-Øns‚ sXs°
sIm≠v Ct∏mƒ ]ecpw Itmen Im¬ hiØv amXr-I-√n--`n-ap-J-ambn Z£n-Wm-aq¿Øn
- 115 -

9. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
k¶¬∏- Ø n- e p≈ inh- e nwK {]Xn- j v T - b p- ≠ v . iwJpw, N{I-hpw, A£-am-e-bpw, tImZ-WvUhpw
sX°p-]Sn-™msd aqe-bn¬ CS-tØm´v Xpºn-bpsS
- {]XnjvTm hn{K-l-Øn¬ kv]jvS-am-Wv. ssIbnse
A{Kw Xncn-®p-]n-Sn® KW-]Xn hn{K-l-hpw, Np‰- tImZ- W v U hpw, lp- a Xv km∂n- ≤ yhpw Cu
º-e-tØm-S-p-_-‘n®v {]Xn-jvTn-®n-´p-≠v. Np‰-º- sshjvWhcq]w {iocm-a-m-sW∂v ka¿∞n-°m-
e-Øn-pw, {]Z-£nW hgn°pw ]pd-Ømbn Ing- m-hpw. Z£n-Wm-aq¿Øn {]Xn-jvTbpw ]n∂n¬
t°m-´p-Xs∂ A`n-ap-J-ambn {]tXyI {ioe-IØv hnf°pw Hcp inh-t£-{X-Øns‚ BNm-c-n-jvT-
imkvXm-hns‚ {]Xn-jvT-bpw, t£{Xhpw D≠v. Isf kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Xs∂-bp-a√ cmam-b-W-
AXp- t ]mse Xs∂ hS- ° p- h - i Øv tKm]m- e - Øn¬ HcnSØv {iocm-a≥ ]c-a-in-hs‚ Ah-Xm-c-
IrjvW {]Xn-jvTbpw D≠v. sIm®n≥ tZhkzw am-sW∂v {]Io¿Øn-°p-∂p-ap-≠t√m? _mlp-°-
t_m¿Uns‚ `c- W - Ø n≥ Iogn- e p≈ {][m fn¬ H∂n¬ [cn-®n-´p≈ A£-ame {_“m-hns‚
t£{X-ß-fn¬ H∂mWv Cu t£{Xw. {]XoI hnti-j-ambn ImWmhp∂Xm-Wv. Npcp-°n-
sFXnlyw AYhm tI´p-tIƒhn ∏-d-™m¬ krjvSn-˛-ÿn-Xn-˛-e-b-ß-fpsS ka-z-b-
cq-]hpw ssNX-y-hp-ambn ncp-]-a-amb Cu {]Xn-
t{XXm-bp-K-Ønse Ah-Xm-c-ssN-X-y-ßsf jvTsb ImWm-m-Ip-sa∂v kmcw. AXp-sIm≠v
Zzm]-c-bp-K-Øn¬ {ioIr-jvW≥ Xs‚ cmP-[m-n- Xs∂-bm-bn-cn°mw n›n-X-m-a-Øn--∏pdw ""Xncp-
bn¬ h®v Bcm-[n-®n-cp-∂Xm-bpw, `K-hms‚ kz¿§m-
- ∏p-d-bm-dn-tmSv'' tN¿∂n-cn-°p∂ tZhs ""Xr{]-
tcm-l-W-tØm-Sp-IqSn {]f-b-Øn¬ ZzmcI IS-en- bm‰p tXhsc'' F∂v kakvX ka¿∏W kwt_m-
em-≠p-t]mbt∏mƒ Bgv∂p-t]mb Znhy-hn-{K-l- [--bmbn hnizm-kn-Iƒ hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. Cuizc
߃ ao≥]n-Sn-°p-hm≥ t]mb ap°p-h¿°v In´p-I- k¶¬∏sØ ""A¥w'', ""A⁄m-Xw'', ""Ah¿Æ-
bpw, Ah A∂sØ mSp-hm-gn-bm-bn-cp∂ hm°- obw'' Fs∂√mw {]Io¿Øn® Ihn a- p-Ifpw
bn¬ ssIasf G¬∏n-®-XmbpamWv hnizm-kw. {_“-ØzsØ Nn¥ hnNn-¥Ifn-eqsS ""ncm-
Ien-bp-K-Øn¬ tam£-{]m-]vXn-°mbn `‡-P-- Imcw'', ""n¿Δn- I ev ] w'', ""ncm- a bw'' F∂p
߃ FØn-t®-cp∂ Xr{]-bm-dn¬ {iocmahn{K- ka¿∞n® Ejnt{]m‡-ßfpw km£m¬°-cn-°p-
lhpw, Ccn-ßm-e-°p-S-bn¬ `cXhn{K-l-hpw, aqgn- amdv C∂pw hnizm-kn-I-fpsS a- n¬ Cf-°-an-
°p- f Øv e£v a Whn{K- l - h pw, ]mb- Ω - e n¬ √msX ne-sIm-≈p-∂p ""Xr{]-bm‰p tXhcv'' F∂
i{XpLv hn{K- l hpw {]Xn- j v T n- ® - X m- s W∂pw AXpey tZh-ssN-X-yw.
BWv tI´p-tIƒhn.
D]-tZh t£{X-߃
Xr{]-bm‰v tXhcv
tIc- f - Ø n¬ sshjv W h{]Xn- j v T - I ƒ
{]m¥{]tZ- i - Ø p≈ hnizm- k n- I - s f√mw Bcy≥am-cpsS hc-thm-sS-bmWv D≠m-b-sX∂mWv
Ah- c psS kt¥m- j - Ø n- e pw, ZpxJ- Ø nepw Nne Ncn-{X-Im-c-∑m¿ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. ae-bmf
Htct]mse Dd- s °- h n- f n- ° p∂ tZh- m- a - a mWv mSns‚ Hcp `mKØv henb ae-n-c-I-fpw, adp-`m-
""Fs‚ Xr{]-bm‰v tXhsc'' F∂-Xv. B hnfn-bn¬ KØv kap-{Z-hpam-Wt√m? kap-{ZsØ Af-sa∂pw
Hcmdpw, XXv Ap-_-‘n-ÿn-X-mb tZhpw hnfn-°m-dp-≠v. ae-Iƒ°pw Af-߃°pw CS-bn-
kphy-‡-am-Ip-∂p. tZh≥ AYhm tZhcv BWv ep≈ {]tZ-i-Ønv ae-bmfw F∂v hnfn-t∏-cp-≠m-
]n∂oSv tXhcv BbXv F∂p-IqSn hy‡-am-Wv. bXv kzm`m-hn-Iw. ae-bm-f-m-´n¬ c≠v tZh-Xm-k-
km[m-cW inh-{]-Xn-jvT-I-sf-bmWv tXhcv F∂p ¶ev]ß-em-Wv BZn-]p-cm-X--Im-eØv Bcm-[y-am-
hnfn- ® p- t ]m- c p- ∂ - X v . F∂m¬ ChnsS tXhcv bn-cp-∂-Xv. H∂v tXhn-˛-A-Yhm tZhn F∂ k¶-
NXp¿_m-lp-°-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb {io`q-an-k-ta-X-mb ev]hpw, as‰m∂v NmØmhv AYhm imkvXmhv
sshjv W hcq]- Ø n- e m- W v . Cu t£{X- Ø nse F∂ k¶¬]-hpw. ae-tbm-c-hpw, ae-ap-Ifpw Bcm-
aW¬Øcn apX¬ Xmgn-I-°pSw hsc-bp≈ ka- [-m-e-b-߃°mbn D]-tbm-Kn-®p-h-∂p. Pemib
kvXßfn-epw, lp-am≥ km∂n-≤y-ap-s≠∂v hnizm-
- - kao-]-ßfpw ]pg-tbm-c-ßfpw AXp-t]mse Xs∂
khpw ne- n¬°p- ∂ p. NXp¿_m- l p- ° - f n¬ Bcm-[-m-ÿm--߃°mbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p.
- 117 -

10. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
e- I r- j v W - s ‚- X m- W v . (tKm- i m- e - I r-
jvW≥). ""tImI-k-tμ-i-Øn¬'' Xr{]-
bm¿ t£{X- Ø nse {]Xn- j vTsb
""Iwkm- ¥ - I s‚ Bhm- k - t I{μw''
F∂mWv hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Xo¿®-
bmbpw sshjv W h {]Xnjv T tIc- f -
Øn¬ km[m-c-W-ambn S∂ kml-N-
cy-Øn¬ AhnsS BZyw D≠m-bXv Cu
tKm]m-eIrjvW t£{X-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v
-
tImI- k - t μ- i - Ø nse Cu ]cm-
a¿iØn¬ n∂pw Duln-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-
∂p. Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬ D]-tZ-h-Xm-ÿm-
Øv Bcm-[n-®p-t]m-cp∂ imkvXm-hpw,
tKm]m- e - I r- j v W pw ]q¿Δ- ÿ n- X - c m-
sW∂v [cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.
lp-am-pw, NmØpw
lp-am≥ km∂n≤yw Cu t£{X-
kt¶-X-Øn¬ aW¬Øcn apX¬ Xmgn-
I- ° pSw hsc F√m- ‰ nepw nd- ™ p-
n¬°p∂p F¶nepw a-kvImc aWvU-
]-Øn¬ kZm P]-Øn-mbn Ccn-°p∂p
F∂mWv hnizm-kw. `K-h-XvZ¿i--Øn-
s-Øp∂ `‡-∑m¿ _en-°¬]pc-bn-
eqsS Z¿i- - Ø n- mbn AI- t Ø°p
{]th-in-°p-tºmƒ {ioe-I-{]-Z-£n-W-
tØm-sSm∏w aWvU-]hpw henb _en-
AØ-c-Øn¬ BZn-a-Im-eØv Chn-sSbpw Bcm-[n- °√pw tN¿Øv {]Z-£nWw hbv°p-∂-XmWv k{º-
®n-cp-∂-Xv imkvXm-hn-s-bmWv F∂v s]mXpsh Zm- b w. {ioe- I - Ø npw aWv U - ] - Ø npw CS-
Hcp hnizm-k-ap-≠v. AXnv ]n≥_-e-ta-Im≥ Bdm- bn¬°qSn {]tXyI ka-b-ß-fn¬ hne-ßmbn IS-
´p-]p-g-bn¬ S-°p∂ {]i-kvX-hpw, AXn-]p-cm-X- ∂p-t]m-Im≥ ]mSn√ F∂v njvI¿j-bp-≠v. ap≥Im-
-hp-amb ]qcw Xs∂-bm-Wv. AhnsS ]s¶-Sp-°p∂ eØv _en-°√v Cf-In-bn-cp-∂-Xmbpw, {io m-dm-
tZh-k-¶-ev]-ß-sf√mw tZhn-am-cpw, imkvXm-°-∑m- WØp {`m¥s‚ n¿t±-im-p-k-cWw sNbvX Dd-
cp-am-Wv. (Xr-{]-bm¿ tXh-sc∂ Cu sshjvWh ∏n-°-en-emWv AXns‚ Cf°w Xo¿∂-sX∂pw]d-
ssNX- y- s am- g n- s I) Xr{]- b m- d n¬ sshjv W b-s∏-Sp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ ChnsS tXh-sc-
{]XnjvT S-°p-∂-Xn-p-apºv Hcp]t£ imkvXm- bpw, _en-°-√n-sbpw hμn-°p-∂p≠v F∂p-km-
hns Bbn-cpt∂m Bdm-´p-]p-g-bn-te°p Fgp-∂- cw. lp-ams‚ thj-a-Wn™v S-Øp∂ AwKp-
≈n-®n-cp-∂-Xv F∂pw Nn¥n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. F¥m- en-bm¶w IqØv aWvU]Øn-emWv S-°p-∂Xv. Np‰-
- - -
bmepw ne-hn-ep≈ {][m {]Xn-jvT°p ap≥]p- º-e-Øns‚ hmXn¬amS-Øn¬ h®m-bn-cp-∂s{X
Xs∂ imkvXm-hns‚ t£{Xw ne-n-∂n-cp-∂p- BZyw IqØv S-∂n-cp-∂-Xv. IqØv ImWmpw
sh∂ hnizm-k-Øn-mWv Gsd _ew. tIƒ°mpw Bcpw C√mØ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ hnj-
Æ-mb NmIym-tcmSv ""Fs‚ ap∂n¬h∂v IqØv
aXn¬°-I-Øp≈ as‰mcp t£{Xw tKm]m- S-Øn-s°m-≈mpw Fn°v ImW-W-sa∂pw''
- 119 -

11. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
Acp-f]m-Sp-≠mbn F∂pw ]d-bp-∂p. F¥m-bmepw am-e-I-fpw, Iem-kmw-kv°m-cnI BtLm-j-ßfpw
kZm-m-aP]n-cXmbn ncm-Im-c`m-hØn¬ lp-
- - - - - - - S-∂p-h-cp-∂p-≠v. Xm{¥nI NS-ßp-Iƒ han
a¬ssNXyw aWvU-]-Øn-ep-≠v F∂mWv hniz- Znhkw D®-Xn-cn™v ip≤n-tbmsS Bcw-`n-°pw.
kn-®p-h-cp-∂-Xv. Zian Znhkw D®-Xn-cn™v imkvXm-hn-s-bm-Wv
Xr{]-bm¿ t£{X-Øn¬ NmØ≥kzman-bpsS BZyw ]pd-tØ°v Fgp-s∂-≈n-°p-I. ]©-hm-Zyw,
km∂n≤yw Gsd {]kn-≤-am-Wv. _m[m-Zn-tZmj tafw, F∂n-h-°p-tijw imkvXm-hns k‘y-
]cn-lm-c-Ønv n¿t±-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw Xr{]-bm¿ tbmsS Xncn®v Fgp-s∂-≈n-°pw. XpS¿∂v Zi-an-
t£{X-Øn¬ `WvUm-c-Øn¬ ka¿∏n-°m-m-Wv. the sIm´n-bn-d-°¬ F∂ Nßm-Wv. the sIm´n-
{iotIm-hn-env tN¿∂v tkm]m--Øns‚ kao-]- b-dn-bn-®-Xn-p-tijw ho≠pw Zi-an-the°mbn
Øp≈ `WvUm-c-Øn¬ _m[m-Zn-Iƒ°v ]cn-lm-c- imkv X m- h ns Fgp- ∂ - ≈ n- ° p- I - b pw, XpS¿∂v
ambn `‡-P--߃ {Zhy-k-a¿∏Ww S-Øn-h-cp- imkvXm-hn-tm-sSm∏w tXh-sc-bpw-Iq´n Fgp-s∂-
∂Xv ]Xn-hm-Wv. ]pd-Øp≈ Ah-Wn-b-ßm´v Ifcn ≈n-°pw. the-°p-tijw imkvXm-hn-s-bpw, tXh-
XpS-ßnb NmØ≥ k¶-ev]-ap≈ hnjvWp-amb scbpw {ioe-I-ß-fn-te°v Xncn®v Fgp-s∂-≈n-°pw.
t£{X-ß-fn¬ tImacwshfn-s]-Sp-∂-Xv Xr{]-bm¿ cm{Xn ]Xn-sm-∂p-a-Wn-tbmsS ho≠pw tXhsc
t£{X-Ønse D®-]qP Ign™v S-b-S-®-Xn-p-ti- kz¿Æ-tIm-e-Øn¬ Zian hnf-°n-s-gp-∂-≈n-°pw.
j-amWv F∂Xv Gsd {it≤-b-am-Wv. `K-hms‚ hnf-°n-tm-S-p-_-‘n®v tafw Ign-™m¬ {ioe-
S Xpd-∂n-cn-°p∂ kμ¿`-ß-fn-se√mw NmØs‚ I-tØ°v Xncn®v Fgp-∂-≈n-°p-∂-tXmsS Zi-an-
km∂n≤yw Xr{]-bm¿ t£{X-Øn-emWv F∂v bpsS NS-ßp-Iƒ ]q¿Æ-am-Ipw. GIm-Zin Znhkw
hniz-kn-®p- t]m-cp-∂p. n¿Ωmey Z¿i-w, Dj-]q-P, cmhn-esØ ]qP,
]¥o-cSn ]qP F∂n-h-°p-tijw ioth-en°v Fgp-
nXy-n-Zm-ßfpw hnti-jßfpw
- - ∂-≈n-°pw. ImesØ ioth-en°v ]©m-cn-ta-f-am-
Hcp alm-t£-{X-Øns‚ F√m BNm-cn-jvT- - Wv. {]ikvX Iem-Im-c-∑mcpw, anI-hp‰ B-Ifpw
I-fpw Xr{]-bm¿ t£{X-Øn-ep-≠v. A©p-]q-P-I- ]s¶-Sp-°m-dp-≠v. iothen Ign™v Xncn-s®-gp-∂-
fpw, aq∂p-io-th-en-bpw, h-I-hpw, kmbw-k-‘y- ≈n-®m¬ nXyX NS-ßp-Iƒ°p-tijw sshIp-
°p≈ Zo]m-cm-[-bpw Nn´-{]-Imcw S-°p∂ t∂cw aq∂p-a-Wn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv ImgvN-io-th-
k∂n-[n-bm-Wn-Xv. ImesØ ioth-en°pw cm{Xn en°v Fgp-∂-≈n-°p-I. {[phw taf-amWv Cu ioth-
AØmgioth-en°pw B-∏p-dØv XnSºv Fgp-s∂- en-°v. ImgvNioth-en-°p-tijw Xncn-s®-gp-∂-≈n∏v
≈n-°-W-sa∂v Nn´-bm-Wv. Nnß-Ønse Xncp-thm- Ign-™mWv Zo]m-cm-[-. cm{Xn AØmg]qP-°p-
W-Øn-pw, taS hnjp-hn-pw, {]Xn-jvTm-Zn--Ønpw tijw GIm-Zin hnf-°n-s-gp-∂-≈n-°pw. B ka-
hnti-jm¬ Fgp-s∂-≈n-∏p-≠v. {]Xn-jvTm-Zn-tØm-- bØv aXn-ev°-IØv Fgp-∂-≈n-®p-n¬°p∂ `K-
S-p-_‘n®v {Zhy-Ieihpw S-∂p-hcp-∂p-≠v. I∂n-
- - - - hms‚ ap∂n¬ ""ImWn-°-bn´p sXmg¬'' hfsc
am-k-Ønse Xncp-thmWw mfn¬ sNΩm-∏n≈n {][m--ambn BN-cn®p hcp-∂p. tafw, ]©-hmZyw
{]tZ-iØv {iocm-a≥ Nnd-sI´v F∂ NS-ßp-≠v. F∂nh Ign™v shfp-∏n-mWv {ioe-ItØ°v Fgp- -
At∂ Znhkw t£{X-Ønse AØm-g-]qP apX- ∂-≈n-°p∂Xv. ZzmZin Znhkw ]pe¿s® hmXn¬
em-bh k‘y-tbm-S-p-_-‘n®v SØn S-b-S- amS-Øn¬ ZzmZin ]Ww hbv°pI F∂ NS-ßp-
bv°pw. Irjn Bh-iy-Øn-m-bp≈ Pew kw`-cn- ≠v. ZzmZin ka¿∏Ww kzoI-cn-°m≥ thZ-⁄-
°p-∂ Nnd-sI-´nv `K-hms‚ km∂n-≤y-ap-≠m-hp∂p cmb {_m“-W-cpsS km∂n≤yw AhnsS D≠m-
F∂mWv hnizm-kw. Im-dp-≠v.
hr›nIamk-Ønse IrjvW-]-£-Ønse ao-am-k-Ønse aI-bncw apX¬ D{Xw IqSn-
GIm-Z-in-bmWv {]kn-≤-amb Xr{]-bm¿ GIm-Z- bp≈ Znh-k-ß-fmWv ]qc-ambn BN-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
in. GIm-Zin-tbm-Sp-_‘n®v `‡-PßfpsS hgn-
- - - - - - tcmlnWn Znhkw D®-Xn-cn™v CtXm-S-p-_-‘n®v
]m-Smbn Hcp amk-tØmfw o≠p-n¬°p∂ nd- ip≤n-Iƒ Bcw-`n-°pw. aI-bncw ]pd-∏m-Snp≈
- 121 -

12. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
aplq¿Øw ap≥t]-Xs∂ tZisØ tPm’y-n¬ n∂pw ASn-b-¥ncw amcm-∑m¿ H∂nS-hn´v iwJv
n∂pw Ipdn-®p-hm-ßn-bn-cn-°pw. I¿°n-SIw cmin- hnfn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. Ings°°c-bnse Cu `K-
bmWv ]pd-∏m-Sn-mbn n›-bn-°p-I. t£{X-Øns‚ hms B-∏p-d-t؉n B Znhkw Ducm-◊-°m-
Ducm◊ ÿmn-Ifmb ⁄m-∏n-≈n, ]p∂-∏n-≈n,
- cpsS C√-ß-fn-te°pw, Ip´≥Ipfw Bdm-´n-p-amWv
tNeq¿ F∂o a-I-fnse Imc-W-h≥am¿ Ipfn®p Fgp-∂-≈n-∏v. ASpØ Znhkw D®-tbm-sS-bmWv
h∂v t£{Xw {]Z-£nWw h®v aWvU-]-Øn-en- t£{X-Øn-te°v Xncn®v Fgp-∂-≈n-s®-Øp-I.
cp∂v ta¬im-¥n°v Ap⁄ ¬In-b-Xn-p-ti- sshIp-t∂cw ho≠pw X{¥n C√-tØ°v Fgp-∂-
j-amWv ]pd-∏m-Snv Fgp-∂-≈n-°m-p≈ hnf-°p- ≈n-®p-t]m-Ipw. F√m Znh-khpw D®-tbm-sS-bmWv
h-bv°p-I. XpS¿∂v ]mWn-sIm´n {ioe-IØp-n∂pw
- t£{X-Øn-te°v Xncn-s®-gp-∂≈p-I. A∂p sshIp-
-
aWvU]Øn-te°v Fgp-∂≈n®v hbv°pw. Cu Fgp-
- - - t∂cw Zo]m-cm-[--s°m-∏w Xs∂ AØm-g-]q-P-
s∂-≈n∏v hbv°p-∂-Xn-mWv n›n-X-ap-lq¿Øw bpw, AØmgioth-enbpw Ign-™ti-jamWv Bdm-
- -
Nm¿Øp-∂-Xv. XpS¿∂v {_m“-Wn-]m-´pw, aWvU- ´p-]pg Fgp-∂-≈n-∏n-mbn ]pd-s∏-Sp-I. ]≈n-tbm-
]-Øn¬ ]dbpw. AXn-p-ti-j-amWv kz¿Æ-tIm- S-Øn¬ G‰n Ings° Ic-bn-seØn B-∏p-dØv
e-Øn¬ XnSºv B-∏p-dØv Fgp-∂-≈n-°p-∂-Xv. XnS- t º‰n ]pd- s ∏- S p- t ºmƒ t]meo- k ns‚
]Sn-™msd tKm]pcw hgn IS∂v A©m-ItfmsS- - Km¿Uv˛Hm^v˛HmW¿ AS-°ap≈ Hu]-Nm-cnI BZ-
-
tkXp-Ip-fØn-se-Øn-bmWv aI-bncw Bdm-´v. Bdm-
- c-ß-fp-ap-≠m-Ipw. AI-º-Sn-°m-cpw, hnhn[ hmZy-
´n-p-tijw ]m≠n-ta-f-tØmsS k‘y-°p-ap≥]v tLm-j-ß-fp-ambn oßp∂ Fgps∂-≈n∏v Nnd-
{]th-in-°-W-sa-∂mWv Nn´. Im´q¿]qcw, Ipd- °¬ F∂ ÿeØv, hgn-tbm-cØv Xo¿°p∂
°≥Ipfw, Bdm-´v, sh∂n-°¬ Bdm´v, C√-ßfn¬ - Xm¬°m-enI aWvU-]-Øn¬ Cd°n Fgp-∂-≈n-
]qcw F∂nh ]Sn-™msd Ic-bnse hnhn[ ÿe- °pw. Ahn-sS-n∂pw Bsb am‰n as‰m-cm-sb
ß-fn-emWv. A©mw mƒ Ings° Ic-bn-te°v ]pXnb Na-b-ß-f-Wn-bn®v AXns‚ ]pd-ØmWv
Fgp-∂≈n-°pw. ]≈n-tbm-SØn-emWv tImew Fgp-
- - Fgp-∂-≈n®p oßp-I. sImSp-ß-√q¿, Xriq¿
∂-≈n-®p-h-bv°p-I. Xrt°m¬ im¥n-°m-c-mWv tdmUp-ambn _‘n-°p∂ hgn-bn¬ Icp-a∂q¿ F∂-
]≈n-tbmSw Xpg-bp-I. ]pg-bpsS Ccp-I-c-Ifn¬ ÿe-Øp-sh®v s]m≥tIm-e-Ønv aIpSw Nm¿Øn
- 123 -

13. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
]´p-IpS ]nSn-°pw. AXp-hsc Hme-°p-S-bmWv B- ∂≈pw. A∂p cm{Xn Ggp aWn-°p-X-s∂ D{Xw
∏p-dØp ]nSn-°p-I. ]√n-t»cn F∂ ÿe-sØ- hnf-°nv ho≠pw Fgp-∂≈n-°pw. aI-bncw ]pd-∏m-
-
Øp-tºmƒ mev B-IƒIqSn AI-ºSn-°p-tN-cpw.
- Snv XØp-ey-amb NS-ßp-IfmWv Cu Znh-khpw.
- -
Ahn-sS-n∂pw ]©-hm-Zy-tØm-Sp-IqSn Fgp-∂≈n®v
- A©m-ItfmsS ]Sn-™msd tKm]p-cØnp ]pd-
- - -
oßp∂ tXhcv tNmXn--£{Xw D®-ÿ-am-hp- Øp-IS°p∂ tXhsc ]©-hm-Zy-Øns‚ AI-ºSn-
- - -
tºmƒ, AXm-bXv Dt±iw ]pe¿s® aq∂p-a-Wn- tbmsS tkXp-Ip-fØn-seØn Bdm-´n-p-tijw taf-
-
tbm-Sq-IqSn, ssIXhf∏v F∂ ÿmØv FØpw. tØmsS t£{XaXn¬°-ItØ°p Fgp-∂≈n-°pw. - -
AhnsS tXh-sc-Øp-tºmƒ IXn--sh-Sn-Iƒ apg- aXn¬°-IØv Ggm-ItfmsSbp≈ hnf-°ns‚ NS-
- -
ßpw. Cu ka-b-ØmWv Duc-Iw, tN¿∏v t£{X- ßp- I - f m- W v . hnf- ° m- N m- c w- sIm´n∏mSn tkh,
ß-fn¬ n∂v tZhn-amsc Fgp-∂-≈n®v ]pd-s∏Smdp- CSbv°m {]Z-£nWw F∂n-ßs XpS-ßp∂ NS-
≈-Xv. CS-Xp-`m-KØv Duc-I-Ø-Ω-Xn-cp-h-Snbpw, he- ßp-Iƒ°p-tijw {ioe-ItØ°v Xncn-s®-gp-∂≈p-
- -
Xp-`m-KØv tN¿∏n¬ `K-h-Xn-bp-ambn Iq´n Fgp-∂- ∂-tXm-sS-bmWv ]qc-Øns‚ NS-ßp-Iƒ ]q¿Æam-
≈n-°p-∂XmWv {]ivXamb Bdm-´p-]pg ]qc-Øns‚
- - Ip-∂Xv.
-
]c-a-{]-[m-hpw `‡n-km-{μ-hp-amb NSßv. Bdm- taS-am-k-Ønse ]pW¿Xw £-{X-amWv
´p-]pg aμmcw IS-hnse Bdm-´pw, imkvXm-hp-ambn Ct∏mƒ {]Xn-jvTm-Zn--ambn BN-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]¥o-
D]-Nmcw (Hm-Nm-cw) ¬In ]ncn-bepw Gsd lrZy- cm- ≠ p- I ƒ ap≥]p- - S ∂ ho- I - c WIe- i sØ
am-Wv. ASpØ h¿j-sØ-∏qcw B ka-bØmWv - Bkv]-Z-s∏-Sp-Øn-bmWv {]Xn-jvTm-Znw Ct∏mƒ
hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p-I. Xncn-s®-gp-∂-≈p∂ tXhcv Nnd- BN-cn-®p-t]m-cp-∂-Xv. ip≤n, {Zhy-I-e-iw, Fgp-∂-
°¬ sh≠vdt»cn inh t£{X-Øn¬ ´p-®tbm-
- - ≈n- ∏ v, nd- a me F∂n- ß - s - b mWv {]Xn-
sS-bmWv FØn-t®-cp-I. Fgp-∂≈n-∏ns Ap-K-
- jvTmZnmNcWw S-°p-∂-Xv.
an-°p∂ F√m-h¿°pw AhnsS tZh-kzw- hI I™n-
bpw, ]pgp-°pw, sh∂n-bp-sams° Hcp°n-bn-cn-°pw. I¿°n-SI amk-Øn-emWv nd-bpw, ]pØ-cn-
AhnsS n∂pw Fgp-∂-≈n-®p-t]m-cp∂ tXhcv bpw, CXn-p≈ aplq¿Ø-ßfpw tZisØ tPm’y-
sshIp-t∂-ctØmsS t£{X-Øn-te°v Xncn®v Fgp-
- mWv Ipdn-°p-I.
- 125 -

14. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
hgn-]mSv AXp-t]mse Xs∂ kt¥m-j-Ønepw {]m¿∞-
ChnsS G‰hpw {][mw shSn hgn-]m-Sm- m-]q¿Δw ka¿∏n-°p-∂-XmWv Xr{]-bm¿ t£{X-
Wv. Ahn¬, ]mbkw F∂n-hbpw If`wNm¿Øpw Ønse shSnhgn-]m-Sv.
ao∂p-´p-sams° {]m[m-y-ap≈ hgn-]m-Sp-I-fm-Wv. kwt£]w
Ahn¬ nthZyw lp-am-p≈ ka¿∏WambmWv
ΩpsS t£{X-ß-fn¬ D≈Xv sshhn-[y-
hniz-kn-®p-t]m-cp-∂-Xv. nb-a-shSn F∂ {]tXy-
I-am-sbmcp k{º-Zmbw Xs∂ ChnsS D≠v. shfp- am¿∂ BNm-cßfpw, Ap-jvTm-ßfpamWv. Gsd
- - -
∏nv aq∂paWn°pw kmbw-k-‘y-°p-amWv nb-a- {i≤m-]q¿Δw ho£n-®m¬ IuXp-I-ap-W¿Øp∂
sh-Sn-Iƒ. CXn-mbn hen--∏-ta-dnb IXn--Iƒ Cu njvT-I-fn¬ ]c-a-amb H∂p ImWm≥ ap°v
Xs∂ D≠v. ]g-b-Im-eØv aZn-cmin kwÿm-- Ign- b pw. CsX√mw ∑- b psS am¿§- ß - f m- W v .
Øns‚ `mK-am-bn-cp∂ ae-_m¿ {]tZ-iØv shSn- ChnsS ka¿∏-W-amWv apJy-amb hnj-bw. a-
acp∂v Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°m-p≈ XXp ssek≥kp- p-sIm-≠v, hb- p-sIm-≠v, I¿Ωw-sIm≠v, _p≤n-
t]mepw Xr{]-bm¿ tZh-kz-Øn-p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. sIm≠v k¿Δhpw ka¿∏n- ° m- p≈ Hcp Xzc
Hcn°¬ Xr{]-bm¿ kμ¿i--Øn-s-Ønb Hcp ChnsS ImWmw. IdpI]p√p apX¬ Im©w hsc-
kmbv∏v s]Sp-∂s s]m´nb shSn-bpsS i_vZw bp≈ {]Ir-Xn-ZØ hn`-h-ß-fn¬ Bhm-ln-s®-Sp-
tI´v sR´p-Ibpw B IXn--Iƒ FSpØp sh≈- °p∂ ssNX-ysØ X∂n-te-°pw, XZzmc hn{K-
Øn-en-Sm≥ B⁄m-]n-®-Xm-bpw, sh≈-Øn¬ InS- l-Øn-te-°p-ambn Cuizc {]Xo-I-ambn {]Xn-jvTn-
∂p-s]m-´n-b IXn Xncn®p Ic-bn-te°p sXdn-®p- °p-tºmƒ mw a- n-em-t°-≠-Xv H∂mWv. {]Ir-
ho-W-Xmbpw Hcp m´p-I-Y-bp-≠v. ap≥Im-eØp Xn-bmWv Cuiz-c-s∂ kXyw. ChnsS mw B¿P-
shSn-bq´p apX¬]nSn Fs∂mcp XkvXnI Xs∂ Pn-°p∂ ku`m-Ky-ßsfm∂pwXs∂ Ωp-sS-X-√.
tZh-kz-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw kzbw Pohn-°p-Ibpw AtXm-sSm∏w a‰p≈ ka-
GXp ka- b Øpw shSn- h - g n- ] m- S n- mbn `‡¿ kv X - ß - s fbpw Pohn- ° m- pw, ne- n¬°mpw
h∂m¬ S- Ø n- s °m- S p- ° p- ∂ - X nv shSn- b q´p Ap-h-Zn-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. kvtl-`m-hhpw
apX¬]nSn- t£-{X-Øn¬ Xs∂ Xma-kn-°Wsa∂v - - ka¿∏W a- p-amWv ap-jy-p-≠m-tI-≠-Xv.
n¿_-‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp shSn-h-bv]p-Im-cpw AXmIWw ΩpsS Cuiz-cm-cm-[-. AXmWv D]-
kZm-kabw t£{X-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. shSn hgn-
- n-j-Øp-°-fpw, thZ-ßfpw tΩmSv ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
]mSphgn- h - c p∂ hcp- a m- - Ø ns‚ an®w- s Im≠v
t£{X-Øn¬ ntXy Du´p--S-Ømpw A∂v ""Cuimhm-ky-anZw k¿Δw''
kwhn-[m--ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂-s{X. GXp ZpxJ-Ønepw ""CZw aa''
tImc-ºØv tKm]n-m-Y≥ : sIm®n≥ tZhkzw t_m¿Unse Hm^o-k-dmbn 15 sIm√-tØmfw
Xr{]- b m¿ {iocm- a - k zman t£{X- Ø n¬ tkh- - a - p- j v T n- ® n- ´ p- ≠ v . 22 h¿j- ß ƒ°v ap≥]v
IS-h-√q¿ Atymw ]p-cm-cw-`n-®-Xnv Atym ]cn-jXv ""thZ-_‘p'' ]pc-kv°mcw ¬In
BZ-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Ct∏mƒ s]cp-hw kwkvIrXn t£{Xw F∂ IemkmwkvIm-cnI tI{μ-Øns‚
{]kn-U‚m-Wv. DucIØv IpSpw-_-tØm-sSm∏w ÿnc-Xm-a-kw.
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
t£{X ho-I-cW b⁄ ]¶m-fnØ ^e-{ipXn
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
t£{X n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø--ß-fn¬ [-k-a¿∏Ww S-Øn-bm¬
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
Ign™ Ggv P∑-ß-fn-tebpw hcp∂ Ggp-P-∑-ß-fn-tebpw ]m]w C√m-
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
Xm-Ip-sa∂v sshjvWh kwln-X-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂p.
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
87654321098765432109876543212109876543210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
- 127 -

15. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
`c-tXm-’hw
C.-sI. tIi-h≥ ºq-Xncn
DXv°¿j-Øn-te-°p≈ {]bm-W-amWv D’- henb _en-°¬]p-cbpw, 2 ne-bn¬ hrØm-Im-
hw. t£{X-am-Ip∂ ]m{X-Øn¬ Xm{¥nI ˛ Xm{¥n- c-Øn-ep≈ _rl-Ømb {iotIm-hnepw, hnkvXr-
tI-Xc {Inb-I-fm¬ ]q¿Æ-X-bp-≠m°n ssNX-y- X-amb a¨U-]hpw, 2 hnim-e-amb S-∏p-c-Ifpw
Øm¬n-d-°p-∂-XmWv t£t{Xm-’-hw. `mc-X- mSy-e-£-W-samØ IqØ-º-ehpw Dƒs°m-≈p-
Ønse Ejo-iz-c-∑m¿ km[m-c-W-°m¿°mbn sXc- ∂p. ]tØ-°-dn-te-sd-bp≈ t£{X-`q-an-bn¬ aq∂n-
s™-SpØ B≤ym-flnI ]≤-Xn- sem∂v `mKØv ÿnXn- s N-
bm-Wn-Xv. Ccn-ßm-e-°p-S-bpsS øp∂ Iqeo-]nn Xo¿∞-°p-f-
kwkvIr-X-Øn-ep≈ ma-amWv Øn¬ n∂mWv t£{Xm-h-iy-
kwK-a-{Km-aw. h-hm-k-a-p-jvTn- ߃°p≈ Pew FSp-°p-∂-
°p∂ {iocm-as‚ Ap-P≥ `c- Xv. mep-ssI-Ifpw he-Xp-I-
X≥ ]mZp-I]qP sNbvXv μn-{Km-
- øn¬ tImZ-WvUphpw, c≠m-
a- Ø n¬ k∂ym- k - X p- e y- a mb asØ he-Xp-I-øn¬ A`-b-ap-
PohnXw bn-°p-∂Xv cmam-b-W- {Zm- ¶ n- X hpw Db¿Øn- ∏ n- S n®v
Øn¬ h¿Æn-®n-´p-≠t√m? B CS- X p- I - ø n¬ N{Ihpw XpS-
μn-{Km-a-amWv Cc-ßm-e-°p-S- tbmSv tN¿Øp-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂-
sb∂pw kwK- a - { Km- a - s a∂pw Xn¬ iwJpw, ]ns∂ ac-X-I-
kwK-ta-i`q-an-sb∂pw Adn-bs∏-
- - ∏- X - ° hpw s]m≥am- e - I fpw
Sp-∂-Xv. tIc-f-Ønse ]Øv ]≤- AWn™ ico-chpw, PSm-`m-
Xn-t£-{X-ß-fmb hnjvWp-t£- c- Ø nv apI- f n- e qsS AWn-
{X-ßfn¬ F¥p-sIm≠v tm°n-
- ™n- c n- ° p∂ Xma- c -
bmepw {]ap-J-ÿmw Ae-¶-cn- amebpambn-´mWv BdSn Db-
°p∂ {ioIp- S ¬am- W nIy c-ap≈ IqS¬am-Wn-Iy-kzm-an-
t£{Xw tIc-f-Øns‚ Xne-I- bpsS inem-hn-{K-lw. D]-tZ-h-
°p-dn-bm-Wv. 14 h¿jsØ h- X- I - f n- √ mØ Cu t£{X-
hm-k-Øn-p-tijw Xncn®ph-tc≠ tPyjvTs Øn¬ Xma- c - b pw sX®nbpw Xpf- k n- b pamWv
ImWm™v A·n-{]-th-i-Øn-sm-cp-ßp∂ `c-X≥ ]qPm]pjv]߃. A`ojvSkn-≤n°v Xma-cam-ebpw
- -
{iocm-as‚ BK-a hm¿Ø lp-am-m¬ Adn™v DZ-c-tcm-K-Ønv hgp-X-ßm nth-Zyhpw ChnsS
k¥pjvSNnØ-mbn hncm-Pn-°p∂ Ah-ÿbmWv- {][m--a-s{X. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ cmPm-hns‚ {]Xn-
Chn-SpsØ tZh-{]-Xn-jvT. ]p-cp-j-mb X®p-S-b-ssI-a-fm-bn-cp∂p. Ime-ß-
sIm√-h¿jw 941-˛¬ sIm®n-cmPyw `cn-®n- tfmfw IqS¬am-WnIyw tZh-kz-Øns‚ `c-Wm-[n-
cp∂ i‡≥ Xºp- c m- mWv C∂p- I m- W p∂ Im-cn-bm-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
IqS¬amWnIyw D’hw cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-sb-Sp-Ø- `c-tXm-’hw
sX∂v {]ikvX kmln-Xy-Im-c-mb ]ptØ-g-Øp-
cm-a≥ tatm≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. {]mNo IqS¬am- W nIyw t£t{Xm- ’ - h - Ø nv
tIc-f-Ønse 32 alm-{Km-a-ß-fn¬ H∂mb Cc-ßm- sshhn-[y-ap-≈Xpw {Inbm-k-ºp-jvS-hp-amb Ht´sd
e-°p-S-bnse Cu alm-t£{Xw AXn-hn-im-e-amb Xm{¥nI NS-ßp-I-fm-Wp-≈-Xv. ]≤Xn t£{X-ß-
aXn¬°-Ihpw, Kw`o-c-ß-fmb 2 me-º-e-ßfpw, fn¬ {]map- J y- a p- ≈ - X p- s Im≠pw tIc- f - Ø nse
- 129 -

16. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
∂p. 40tesd B-IfpsS Fgp- -
∂-≈n∏v Chn-SpsØ {]uV-
Kw- ` o- c - a mb D’- h - Ø nv
D≠m-bn-´p-≈-Xmbpw ]d-bp-
∂p. s‰n- ∏ - ´ - a - W n™ 21
B- I sf Fgp- ∂ - ≈ n- ® n- ´ p-
≈Xv I≠- h - c n- ∂ p- a p- ≠ v.
Ingt° S-∏p-c-°¬ s‰n-∏-
´- a - W n™ 21 B- I sf
sXt°m- ´ - ` n- a p- J - a mbpw 21
B- I sf sX°v `mKØv
n∂pw hS-t°m-´`n-ap-Jambpw
- -
apΩq∂v B- I sf Ing°v
n∂v ]Sn-™m-´p-`n-ap-J-ambpw
Xncn®pw Fgp-∂p-≈n-®-Xmbn
]g- a - ° m¿ ]d- b m- d p- ≠ v.
Xm{¥nI IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS BZn-cq-]-sa∂v hnti- CXn¬ 27 B-Iƒt° s‰n-∏-´-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q-
jn-∏n-°m-hp-∂-Xp-amb "Xc-W-s-√q¿' IpSpw-_- h-t{X. 4 `mKØpw B-I-fm¬ Np‰-s∏-´-n-e-bn¬
Øns‚ tI{μ-am-b-Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn°mw Cu khn- Sp°v hmZy-°mcpw tafm-kzm-ZIcpw! sImSn-∏p-dØv
-
ti-jXIƒ. 6 X{¥n IpSpw-_߃°mWv IqS¬am-
- - - hnf-°nv `K-hm≥ ]pd-tØ-s°-gp-∂≈∂Xv kz¥w - -
Wn-Iy-Ønse X{¥-Øn--h-Im-iw. shfp-tØ-SØv B-∏p-d-Øm-bn-cn-°-Ww F∂ BNmcw C∂pw
]Sn-™msd a, sSp-ºn-≈n, sX°n-n-b-Øv, InS- I¿i- - a mbn ]men- ® p- t ]m- c p- ∂ p. `mc- X - Ø nse
ß- t »cn XpS- ß nb Xc- W - s - √ q¿ hn`mK- h pw, Xs∂ G‰hpw henb KP-ho-c≥am-cn-sem-∂mb
AWn-aw-K-ew, K-c-aÆv XpS-ßn-b-h¿°pw taS-am- henb chn, Ih-f-∏md sImº≥am¿, sNß-∂q-
k-Ønse D{Xw mfn¬ sImSn-I-bdn Xncp-thmWw cnse KP-cm-P≥, Inc-ßm-´p-tI-i-h≥, AI-hq¿
Bdm-´mbn 11 Znh-ksØ D’-h-amWv IqS¬am- tKmhn-μ≥, a∂m-Sn-bm-cpsS B, IqS-em-‰p-]p-dw,
WnIyw t£{X-Øn¬ S-°p-∂-Xv. ]-a-, Kpcp-hm-bq¿ tIi-h≥, Xncp-h-ºmSn N{μ-
ti-J-c≥, sX®n-t°m´v Imhv cma-N-{μ≥, ]mºmSn
B-s∏-cp-a-bp-sS D’hw
cmP≥, Ip´≥Ip-f-ßc A¿÷p-≥, awK-emw-Ip∂v
sImSn-tb-‰-Øns‚ ]nt‰∂v D®-sXm´v Xe- Aø-∏≥, Xncp-h-ºmSn inh-kp-μ¿ XpSßn ]g-
s∏m-°-ap≈ KP-ho-c-∑m¿ Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cmbn Ccn- bXpw ]pXn-b-Xp-amb Xe-ap-d-bn¬s∏´ KP-ho-c-∑m-
ßm-e-°p-S-bn-se-Øn-Xp-S-ßp-∂Xv Xs∂ atm-l- cmWv Ccn-ßm-e-°pS D’-h-Ønv ]s¶-Sp-°m-dp-
c-amb ImgvN-bm-Wv. Xriq¿, ]me-°mSv Pn√-I-fn¬ ≈-Xv. XnS-tº-‰p∂ KP-cm-Ps‚ Xe-s°-´p-am-{X-a-
S-°p∂ ]qc-߃°v ]s¶-Sp-°p∂ B-Iƒ ]qc- √, tIme-hpw, IpSbpw sh©m-a-chpw Xn kz¿Æ-
Zn-hkw am{Xta m´n¬ D≠m-Iq. Ccn-ßm-e-°pS Øn¬Øs∂ n¿Ωn-®-Xm-Wv. kz¿Æ-Ø-In-Sp-Iƒ
D’- h - Ø nv ]Øv Znh- k hpw {]uVn- t bmsS ]Xn® tIme-Øns‚ aIp-Shpw hn√o-kns‚ IpS-
n¬°p∂ Cu KP-ho-c-∑m¿ ]´-W-Ønepw kao- bnse aIp-Shpw ioe-bpsS Xpºp-I-fnse sNdnb
]-{Km-a-{]-tZ-i-ß-fnepw Bthiw hnXdn hnl-cn- h´- ß fpw sh©m- a - c - Ø ns‚ ]nSnbpw kz¿Æ-
°p∂ ImgvN H∂p thsdXs∂-bm-Wv. B-s∏-cp- Ønepw Be-h´Øns‚ ]nSn sh≈nbnepw Xo¿Ø-
- -
a-bpsS D’-hamWv IqS¬amWnIyw D’-hw. ]≠v
- Xm-Wv. ]≠v XnS-tº-‰p∂ B-°p≈ IpS-bpsS
ImeØv IqS¬am-WnIyw tZh-kz-Ønv kz¥-ambn ioe ]®-n-d-Øn-ep-≈Xpw c≠-‰-Øp≈ B-
21 B-Iƒ hsc-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp- Iƒ°v a™-°p-Sbpw _m°n-bp-≈-h°v ISpw-Np-
- 130 -

17. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
h∏v IpS-bp-a-t{X. C∂v AXn-sems° am‰-߃ 17 B-Iƒ H‰hcn-bn¬ Ingt° S-∏p-c-bn-te°v
h∂n-´p-≠v. XnS-tº-‰p∂ B-bpsS {]m[myw ]cn- t]mIp∂ ImgvN tm°n-bm¬ Xo¿∞-Ip-f-Øn¬
K-Wn-®v, sXm´v Aip-≤-am-°m-Xn-cn-°m-s{X 2 CXns‚ {]Xn-^-ew ImWmw. Xriq¿ ]qc-Øns‚
`mKØpw Ip´n-bm--Iƒ (D-≈m-) Nph∂ {]X-e- sXt°m-´n-d°hpw Kpcp-hm-bq-cn¬ Kpcp-hm-bq¿ tIi-
-
Øn¬ kz¿Æw ]Xn® sNdnb Xe-s°-´p-I-tf¥n hs‚ {]Xn-asb KP-cmP]n≥Km-an-Iƒ h¿j-Øn-
Fgp- ∂ - ≈ n- ∏ n¬ tNcp∂Xv . IqS¬am- W nIyw sem-cn-°¬ A`n-hmZyw sNbvXv {]Z-£nWw sh®v
t£{X-Øns‚ aXn¬°-IsØ hnkvXr-Xnbpw ]n≥hm-ßp∂ Aym-Zr-iy-amb Imgv®bpw Ccn-ßm-
Ing°pw ]Sn-™m-dp-ap≈ hnim-eamb S-∏p-cIfpw
- - e-°p-S-bnse Xo¿∞-°c sNº-S°v nc-n-c-bmbn
sXt° `mKsØ ]p¬ssa-Xm-hpw C{X-b-[nIw aμw aμw oßp∂ KP-ho-c∑mcpsS ImgvNbpw
B-I-fpsS Iq´n-sb-gp-∂-≈n-∏nv hfsc tbmPn-®- h√m-sØm-c-p-`q-Xn-bm-Wv.
Xm-Wv. 2 XqWp-I-fpsS CS°v 2 B-Iƒ hoXw
taf-I-e-bpsS D’hw
Hcp {]tXyI AIew ]men®v sIm≠v n¬°p∂
kº- Z mbw S- ∏ p- c - I - f n¬ Fgp- ∂ p- ≈ n- ∏ ns‚ Ccn-ßm-e°pS D’hw taf-IebpsS D’hw
- - -
BI¿j-IXzw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂p. sX°v hiØv Fgp- IqSn-bm-Wv. ]©m-cn-tafw ]nd∂v hoW a≤y-tI-c-
f- Ø n¬ AXns ]n®-
sh®p hf¿Øn- b - X n¬
IqS¬am-Wn°yw
t£t{Xm-’-h-Øn-p≈
]¶v sNdp-X-√. taf-Ønv
cq]- I - e v] sNbvX
BNm-cy-]cºcbnse ]g-
- - - -
b- X - e - a p- d - b n¬s∏- ´ - h ¿
apX¬°n-tßm-´p≈ {]K-
¤-ta-f-I-em-Im-
c≥amscms° Chn-SsØ
taf- ß ƒ°v {]am- W n-
amcpw ]¶m-fn-I-fp-am-bn-´p-
≠v. 17 KP-ho-c-∑m-cpsS
∂-≈n∏v FØp∂ ka-b-Øn¶¬ tcsØ ]pd- AI-º-Sn-tbmsS `K-hms‚ BZysØ Fgp-∂-≈n-
tØ°v tI´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ taf-Øns‚ i_vZ- ∏nv Ipg¬, sImºv, a±fw ]‰p-Iƒ°v tijw ]©m-
hn-ym-kØnv am‰w hcp-∂p-≠v. S-∏p-cIfn¬ taf-
- - - cn-bpsS t¿t°m¬ hogpw. taf-Øns‚ ]Xn-Imew
Øns‚ i_vZw Hcp hiØv B-I-fmepw apI- Ingt° S-bnepw c≠mw-Imew IqØ-º-e-Ønv
fn¬ ta¬°q-c-bmepw AS-°-s∏´v n¬°p-tºmƒ, sX°pw aq∂mw Imew sXt° tKm]p-c-S-h-gn-
sX°v Xpd∂ ssaXm-Øv taf-hn-ymkw as‰mcp bnepw memwImew sX°v ]Sn-™m-sd-`m-K-Øp≈
Xc-Øn-em-Ip-∂p. ]Sn-™msd S-∏p-c-bn¬ tafw Iøm-Wn-h-gn-bnepw A©mw-Imew ]Sn-™m-sd--S-
Iem-in®v Xo¿∞-°c sNº-S°v KP-ho-c≥am¿ ∏p-c-bn-ep-am-bn-´mWv ChnsS ]≠v Ac-tß-dn-bn-cp-
Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cmbn AWn-tN¿∂v S-°p∂ ImgvN ∂-Xv. Ime-Øns‚ am‰ƒ°-p-k-cn®v Nne hyXym-
H∂p thsd-Ø-s∂-bm-Wv. t£{X-Øns‚ aq∂n- k- ß - s fms° h∂n- ´ p- s ≠- ¶ nepw ]Xn- I mew
sem∂v `mK-Øp≈ Ipeo-hnn Xo¿∞-°p-f-Øns‚ Ingt° S-∏p-c-bnepw 5˛mw Imew ]Sn-™msd S-
Hmc-ØqsS Hcm-°v S-°m-p≈ IrXy-amb Af- ∏p-c-bn-ep-am-bn-´mWv Ct∏mgpw sIm´n-Øo¿°p-∂-
hn-ep≈ S-∏m-X-bn-eqsS hepXpw sNdp-Xp-amb Xv. ]©mcn kam-]n-®m¬ AS-¥-bn¬ hI-s°m´n
- 131 -

18. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
sNº- S - s Im- ´ n- ° - e m- i n- ° p∂
]gb coXn-bn¬ n∂pw hyXy-
kvX-ambn tcn´v sNº-S-bn¬
hI-sIm-´p-∂Xm-Wv Ct∏m-gsØ
-
ssien. ]Sn-™msd S-∏p-c-
bn¬ 5˛mw Imew B¿Øn-cºn
Iem-i-Øn-e-a¿∂-tijw
Xo¿∞- I c sNºS
amcm≥am¿°v hy‡n
sshKv≤yw {]I-Sn-∏n-°m-p≈
thZn-bmbn amdp-∂p. taf-Øns‚
Iq´n- ° n- s °m- ´ - e n¬ n∂pw
Xmb- º I D¤- h n- ® - t ]mse
Xo¿∞-°q-f-tafw taf-I-em-Im-
cs‚ GIm-Zn-b {]I-S--th-Zn-
bmbn amdp-∂p. Ingt° S-∏p-
c-bn-te°v Iq´n-sb-gp-∂-≈n∏v
Xncn®v hcp-∂-tXmsS sNºS sIm´n-I-em-in-°pw. A∏p-am-cm¿, XpSßn {]K-¤¿ XpS-ßn-b-h¿ ]©-
cm{Xn hnf-°nv Iq´n-sb-gp-∂-≈n∏v taf-Ønv hm-Zy-Ønv ChnsS h∂n-´p-s≠-¶nepw Ccn-ßm-e-
tijw ]©-hm-Zy-k-am--amb Hcp CS-°m-{]-Z-£n- °p- S - b psS ]©m- c n- { ]- k n- ≤ n°v apºn¬ Ah
Whpw XpS¿∂v H‰-s®-≠bpw mZ-kz-c-tØm-Sp-Iq- njv{]-`am-Ip-IbmWv ]Xn-hv. 2010-se D’-hØns‚
- -
Sn-b-Xp-amb 2 {]Z-£n-Whpw S-°pw. cmhnse taf-{]-amWn s]cp-hw Ip´≥am-cmcmbn-cp-∂p. 89
iothen Fgp-∂-≈n-∏nv ]pd-tØ-s°-gp-∂p-≈n- hb- ns‚ nd-hnepw hmZy-{]-K-¤≥ Xrt∏-°pfw
®m¬ 5˛masØ {]Z-£n-W-Øn-mWv tafhpw Iq´n- A®p-X-am-cm¿ BZy-io-th-en°v {]am-Wn-®Xv taf
sb-gp-∂-≈n-∏pw. XpS¿∂v AI-tØ-s°-gp-∂-≈n- t{]an-Isf B-μ-e-l-cn-bn-em-dm-Sn-®p. Ccp-]-Øn-
°pw. s]cp-h-w, Xr∏q-Wn-Øp-d, Bdm-´p-]p-g, FS- c-t≠mfw Ipg-a-dn-b¬, Iem-i-߃sIm-≠mWv
°p-∂n, Ip´-s-√q¿, Kpcp-hm-bq¿ XpSßn ]©m-cn- ]©m-cn-bpsS A©m-Im-e-Øns‚ mZ-{]-]©w
tafw ]qØp-e™m-Sp∂ {]ap-Jÿe߃s°m∏w
- - - - Xrt∏-°pfw {]mbw Icp-Øm°n Xo¿Ø-Xv. D’-
Xs∂-bmWv Ccn-ßm-e-°p-S-bp-tSbpw ÿmw. h- t a- f - Ø n≥sc kzm[o- hpw DÆm- b n- h m- c y¿
]pXnb Xe- a p- d - b n- s e {]K- ¤ - c mb s]cp- h w kvamcI Iem-n-e-bhpw hnhn[ kmwkv°m-cnI
Ip´≥am-cm¿, kXo-i≥, sNdp-t»-cn-Ip-´≥ XpS-ßn- kwL-S--I-fp-tSbpw nd™ km∂n-≤yhpw aqew
b- h ¿°mWv Ct∏m¬ {]am- W w. Bth- i - Ø n- Ccn-ßm-e°p-Sbn¬ C∂pw qdn-SpØv hnZym¿∞n-
- - -
an¿∏n¬ Ic-߃ BIm-itØ-s°-dn™v aXn-ad∂v
- - Iƒ sN≠-]-T--Øn-ep-≠v. ck-I-c-amb Imcyw
Xp≈p-∂-Xn-ep-]cn IrXy-ambn taf-Ønv Xmfw GsX-¶nepw Hcp hmZy-Øns‚ i_vZw Ccn-ßm-e-
]nSn-°p∂ Bkzm-Z-Icpw Chn-SsØ taf-s∏-cp-a°v °pS t£{X kao-]Øv nt∂m AIØv nt∂m
Imc-W-°m-cm-Wv. hen-b-hn-f-°n-s‚-b∂v cm{Xn- Ft∏mgpw apg-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv.
bnepw ]≈n-th´ ioth-en-°p-amWv G‰hpw Kw`o- t£{X- Ø n¬ n∂v sN≠- t bm, CS- ° tbm
chpw kab ssZ¿Ly-hp-amb taf-߃ Ac-tß- angmthm Iem-n-e-b-Øn¬ n∂v IY-Ifn hmZy-
dp-I. ]≈n-th-´°pw Bdm-´npw cm{Xn 5 A-I- ßtfm AΩ-∂q¿ NmIym¿ Kpcp-Ip-e-Øn¬ n∂v
tfmSv IqSnb Fgp- ∂ - ≈ n- ∏ nv ]©- h m- Z yhpw angmthm Hs°-bm-bn-´mWv Cßs hmZy-i_vZw
XpS¿∂v ]m≠n-ta-fhpw D≠m-Im-dp-≠v. ]√m-hq¿ an°-hmdpw apg-ßp-∂-Xv.
- 132 -

19. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
cm{Xn Ac-ßp-I-fmbn amdn-bn-´p-≠v. 2˛mw D’-h-
Znw apX¬ cm{Xn hnf-s°-gp-∂-≈n-∏ns‚ ]m©m-
cn-tafw ]Sn-™msd S-∏p-c-bn¬ Ah-km-n-®m¬
IY-I-fn°v kvs]j¬ ]¥-en¬ hnf°v sImfp-
Øpw. tIc-fØns‚ imIp-¥fsa-∂dn-bs∏-Sp∂ f-
- - - - -
N-cnXw 4 Znh-k-ß-fnse GsX-¶nepw Hcp IY
F√m- h ¿jhpw D’- h - Ø nv Ah- X - c n- ∏ n- ° pw.
2010se D’-h-Ønv 4 Znh-khpw f-N-cn-tXm-’-
h-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´p hen-b-hn-f-°n‚-b∂v
{iocm-a-]-´m-`n-tjIw IY-I-fn-bmWv ChnsS Ime-
ß-fmbn Ah-X-cn-∏n®v hcp-∂-Xv. IqS¬am-WnIyw
t£{Xhpw Ccn-ßm-e-°p-Sbpw IY-I-fnsb ne-
n¿Ømpw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°mpw sNbvX tkh-
-ßsf F{X ]d-™mepw aXn-bm-hn-√. 1955¬
ÿm]n-Xamb DÆm-bn-hm-cy¿ kvamcI Iem-n-ebw
-
ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂Xv IqS¬am-Wn°yw tZhkzw kuP-
y-ambn ¬Inb `qan-bn-em-Wv. Bcw-`Øn¬ {]Xn-
-
amkw 150 cq] {Km‚pw ]Sn-™msd Du´p-]p-cbpw
CXn-mbn tZhkzw Ap-hZn-®n-cp-∂p. Ign™ 5
-
h¿j- ß - f mbn kZw Irjv W ≥Ip- ´ n- b m- i m≥
tXrXzw ¬Ip∂ mSy-kZamWv sImSn∏pdsØ
- - -
hnf-°nv hgn-]m-Smbn IY-Ifn S-Øp-∂Xv.
-
cmhnse iothen Ign-™m¬ Xte-s°-´gn®v -
B-Iƒ t£{X-Øn-te°v Xncn-®p-h-∂-Xnv tij-
amWv Hm´≥ Xp≈¬ Bcw-`n-°p-I. BZy-Im-e-ß-
fn¬ D’-h-Ønv c≠pw aq∂pw Xp≈¬ kwL-
t£{X-I-e-I-fpsS kwK-tam-’hw ߃ Iem-{]-I-Sw ImgvN-sh-°m-dp-≠-t{X. tIc-
IqS¬am-Wn°yw t£t{Xm-’hw t£{X-I- f-Ønse {]K¤ Hm´≥Xp-≈¬ Iem-Im-c≥ ae-
e-I-fpsS kwK-tam-’hw IqSn-bm-Wv. IpS¬am- _m¿ cma≥m-b-sc∂ {]Xn-`-bpsS {]I-Sw 1950-
WnIyw t£{X-Ønse Ig-I-°m-c-m-bn-cp∂ DÆm- Iƒ°v apºv S-∂-Xmbn Iem-kzm-Z-I¿ ]d-bp-∂p.
bn-hm-cy¿ mcm-b-Wo-b-Øns‚ coXn-bn¬ 50 Zi- A°m-eØv BZy D’-h-Zn--ß-fn¬ Hm´≥Xp-
I-fn-embn cmam-b-W-IY hnh-cn-°p∂ {iocma]©- ≈epw XpS¿∂p≈ Zn-ßfn¬ ioX-¶≥, ]d-b≥Xp-
-
K-Xn-sb-gp-Xn-b-Xnv tij-amWv IY-Ifn B´-°-Y- ≈epw S-∂n-cp-∂p-sh∂v ChnsS Xp≈-e-h-X-cn-
bnse alm-¤pXw “f-N-cn-X-sa-gp-Xn-bXv”. kI-e- ∏n-®n-cp∂ sI.-]n. ¥n-]p-e-sa∂ Iem-Im-c≥
I-em-m-Y-mb kwK-ta-is‚ Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ Hm¿Ωn-°p-∂p. h¿j-ß-tfmfw Kpcp-hm-bq¿ tiJ-
B´-°-em-cw-KsØ A-z-b-sa∂v hnti-jn-∏n- c-s∂ Iem-Im-cpw XpS¿∂v sI. ]n. ¥n-]p-
°p∂ DÆm-bn-hm-cy-cpsS ]qc-Ø-d-bpsS sXm´p-h- ehpw Ct∏mƒ ]n. sI. oe-I-WvT≥m-b-sc∂
S-°p-In-S°p∂ D’-h°fn-Iƒ Ccn-ßm-e°pS D’-
- - - - Iem-Im-c-p-amWv Ct∏mƒ ChnsS Xp≈¬ Ah-
h-Øns‚ {][m BI¿j-W-am-Wv. BZy-Im-eØv X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. D’-h-Zn--ß-fn¬ am{Xw t£{X-
7 cm{Xn-I-fn-embn S-Øn-bn-cp∂ IY-Ifn C∂v 8 Øn-e-h-X-cn-∏n-®p-h-cp∂ Iem-cq-]-amWv Ipd-Øn-bm-
- 133 -

20. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
´w. Im°-c-»n-m-S-I-sa∂v hS-
°p- ≈ - h ¿ hnti- j n- ∏ n- ° p∂
Ipd- Ø n- b m´w Hm´≥Xp- ≈ ¬
Ah- X - c n- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ - h ¿ Xs∂-
bmWv S- Ø m- d p- ≈ - X v.
k‘y°v ]Sn-™msd S-∏p-c-
bn¬ 2 amS-ºn-hn-f°v sImfpØn
sh®n-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw. Ac-
ßns‚ Hcp aqe-bn¬ n∂pw
Hcp hr≤ thjw sI´n ]gb
kw`m-j-W-ssi-en-bn¬ {]I-S-
-am-cw-`n-°p-∂-tXmsS Ipd-Øn-
bm´w ImWm≥ Pw IqSpw.
I≠-I-»n _m[n® inhpw
]m¿Δ-Xnbpw Ipd-h-t‚bpw Ipd-
Øn-bp-tSbpw thj-Øn¬ Ifn-
IqS¬am-WnIyw D’-h°m-esØ Rmb-dm-gvNbn¬
- -
°p-∂Xpw CXns‚ XpS¿®-bm-Wv. t£{X-Øn--
AJn-etI-cf A£-ct«m-Ia’cw S-Øn-hcp-∂p.
- - - - -
IØv {iotIm-hn-en¬ n∂pw ]pd-tØ-s°-gp-∂-≈n-
IqS¬am-WnIyw t£t{Xm-’-h-Øns‚ Db¿∂
°p-∂Xnv apºv Ipd-Øn-bm´w Ign-™n-cn-°pw. ]Sn-
-
ne-hm-chpw atm-lm-cn-Xbpw t£{X-I-e-I-fpsS
™msd S-∏p-c-bpsS hS°v ]Sn-™mdv `mKØv
kwK-tam-’-h-Øn-eqsS ImØp-kq-£n-°p-hm≥
]mTIw Ac-tß-dpw. Ingt° S-°¬ k‘y°v
kwLm-S-I¿ C∂v {ian-®p-h-cp-∂p.
mZ-kz-c-°-t®-cn, hmXn¬am-S-Øn¬ {_m“-Wn-∏m-
´v, tkm]m-Øv hni-Z-amb AjvS-]-Zn, k‘y°v ]≈n-th-´-m-fn¬ cm{Xn `K-hm≥ ]pd-tØ-
IqØ-º-e-Øn-s‚bpw Ing-t°--S-∏p-c-bp-tSbpw CS- s°-gp-∂≈n Ccn-ßm-e-°pS ]´-W-Øns‚ lrZ-b-
bn-ep≈ ]¥-en¬ Ipg¬, sImºv, a±-fw ]‰p-Iƒ, `m-Ksa∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°m-hp∂ TmWbnse ]≈n-
Bdm´v mƒ `K-hm≥ t£{X-Øn-te°v aS-ßpw- th´ B¬Ø-d-°¬ ]≈n-m-bm´v SØn ]©-
apºv A£-c-t«mIw XpS-ßn-bXpw t£{X-Øns‚ hm-Zy-tØmsS Xncn-s®-gp-∂-≈Øv S-Øp-∂Xv
]e-`m-K-ß-fn-embn S-°pw. CXn¬ {_m“-Wn-∏m´v ImWp-hm≥ P-kl{k-ßfmWv K-cØn-te-s°m-
- - - -
c≠mw D’-h-Zn-hkw apX¬ `K-hms AI-tØ- gp-Ip-I. B-bpsS Igp-Ønse aWn-Iƒt]mepw
s°-gp-∂-≈n-°p-∂-Xnv apºmbn hS°v sX°v i_vZn-°msX B¬Ø-d-°-te°v kzman Fgp-∂-
hmXn¬am-S-ß-fn¬ k¶¬]n-®n-cn-°p∂ `{Z-Im-fn, ≈p-tºmƒ Ben-e-Iƒt]mepw New n¿Øn-b-
Zp¿§ tZh-X-Iƒ apºmsI Ah-X-cn-∏n®p Ign-™n- Xp-t]mse tXm∂pw. ]©-hm-Zy-Øn-p-tijw ]m-
cn-°pw. F∂m¬ Bdm-´p-Zn--Øn¬ ]pd-tØ-s°- ≠n- t afw Ip´≥Ipfw ]¥- e n¬n- ∂ p- a m- c w- ` n®v
gp-∂-≈-Ønv apºmWv ]m´v. km£m¬ ambm-am- t£{X-Øns‚ apºn-seØn {Xn]p-S-sIm´n t£{X-
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ta-dv, sN∏-Sn-hnZy XpSßn P-ßsf ckn-∏n-°p∂ bv°m-{]-Z£nWw SØn AI-tØ-s°-gp-∂≈n-°p-
- -
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]pdØpw D’-h-tØmSp-_-‘n®v Ac-tß-dn-bn- £nWw Ign-®v t]mIp-∂-Xn-m¬ _m°n 12 {]Z-
cp-∂p. 1990 apX¬ sNß-a-m-Sns‚ kvac-Wm¿∞w £nWw Bdm´v Ign™v aXn¬°-I-tØ-s°-gp-∂-
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21. - 135 -
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Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011

22. Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2011
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t£{Xhpw tZh-kw-K-ahpw
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S°n CS-Xp-]m-Z-tØmSv tN¿Øp-sh-®v, CS-XpssI ÿm-ap≈ t£{X-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. C∂pw B ne-
X-s∂-bmWv Cu t£{X-Øn-
p-≈-Xv.
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nd, AjvS-{Z-hy-a-lm-K-W-]-
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kmckzXm¿®, ]Ø-map-Z-
bm-tLmjw, ]qcw F∂n-h-
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- 145 -