5. heaÍõM bXMlfnkX
akjaä akäf bfùiuX
EqèùleChjX aobX
Mem£ejX ùhCcecõuX
hájÔeKõaclox aãe
vflõX Mgíû haæÿjû
lmõ ùhmaÿe Yibez
Mem£e bmlf cevam
YtlveL moevÌe
mqbª Ytloãehje
jìjìcue yeaue
Memxaùl lgYõX vace vcû
ãmõ OvVéjfq cele
hfle jgaùoeYfó©cû
lX MemxlejcuX baÌ
cuessboõX oãevfOfX
DvõLe MjCX vem£f
lVacb MjCX cc
lmxceox kejgCõ Yeabv
jì jì cueùhaYe!
anekbrjõX cuehtpõX
mqbª jìekjX bfYgX
heqbªlr uôoãevÌX
Mem£ejX ùhCcecõuX
bfùh htpõX bfMV bÌõX
bfóÛg MXaYeû ùhfãX mglX
ìfùh ùhmeovfjlX
Mem£ejX ùhCcecõuX
cècelXi icvX
kejgCõecôl htjflX
mqbª bfIxv ujX aobX
Mem£ejX ùhCcecõuX
DmxclxkganMVjX aobX
DmxclxMùlg bfveMvX
DmxcofóØ ùhoelejX
Mem£ejX ùhCcecõuX
becX heoX ùhmejõ ùMflogjfl ujX
oìfCX kgÂxpãflVe
pevgvõeOeã beacljcfljYgpX
aMóaYeai vfOeã
hËelx heCfoVaãv ùhlfYëMcav
MXKòùkd oOevû
aoabe Ytóeofãg©û ùlfoMhlfvglû
helghtqCÛùlãrMû
-Xm-a-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io [¿Ω-imkvXm icWw...
]mXp ]q¿Æ-{X-boix
{io ltc ax
3Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017

7. t£{XKcnbmb Xr∏qWnØpdbn¬ {io [¿ΩimkvXmhv {][m {]XnjvTbmb t£{XamWv XmacwIpfßc {io
[¿ΩimkvXm t£{Xw. Ipd®v q‰m≠pIƒ°v ap≥]v GXp ImeØpw hncn™v hnIkn®v n¬°p∂ Xmac∏q°sfs°m≠v
nd™ncp∂ AXnatmlcamb Hcp Pemibw ChnsS D≠mbncp∂p. Cu Pemibw ÿnXn sNbvXncp∂ hf∏ns‚
DSaÿmbncp∂ samc°me abnse DÆn ºqXncn Xncpmhmb t£{XØnp kao]w HmØv ]Tn°p∂Xnmbn t]mhpIbp-
≠mbn. AhnsS HmØv ]Tn°p∂ ImeØv kao]Øv Xs∂ ÿnXn sNøp∂ N{ah´w {io [¿ΩimkvXm t£{XØn¬
N{ah´Ø∏s `Pn®pw tkhn®pw Pohn®p. Imew sN∂tXmSp IqSn At±lw hm¿≤IyklPamb Zo߃°v ASns∏SpIbpw
Xncn®p kz¥w C√tØ°v aSßp∂Xns°pdn®v Nn¥n°mpw XpSßn. F∂m¬ N{ah´Ø∏tmSp≈ AXnc‰ `‡n nanØw
`Khms Hcp tcw Z¿in°mXncn°pI km[yamb Imcya√t√m F∂ Nn¥bm¬ BIpeNnØmbn Ign™p hcsh Hcp
Znhkw At±lw n{Zbnem≠t∏mƒ, kz]vØn¬ Z¿iap≠mbn.
""`´Xncn C√tØ°v aSßns°mƒI, AßbpsS IqsS Rm≥ F∂pw D≠mIpw. C√sØØn Akm[mcWabn
Fs¥¶nepw Ap`hs∏SpIbmsW¶n¬ Fs‚ km∂n[yw AhnsS Ds≠∂v hnizkn®v Bcm[n®vsImƒI''. s]mSp∂s
n{Z hn´v Fgpt∂‰ ºqXncn°v sX√pw kwibw D≠mbn√. N{ah´Ø∏s‚ `‡n hm’eyØn¬ Ba·mb hn{]t{ijvT≥
C√tØ°v aS°bm{X Bcw`n®p. C√sØØn, ta¬ {]Xn]mZn® Xmac°pfØn¬ Ipfn°p∂Xnmbn, Iønep≠mbncp∂
Hme°pS Icbn¬ h®v IpfØnte°ndßn. Ipfn Ign™v Icbv°v Ibdnb {_m“W≥ IpS FSp°phmmbn {ian®t∏mƒ,
AXv AhnsS Dd®ncn°p∂Xmbn Ap`hs∏´p. `‡intcmaWn°v N{ah´Ø∏s‚ km∂n[yw AhnsS Z¿in°phm≥ km[n®p.
H´pw sshImsX Xs∂ Ipf°cbn¬ Hcp XdsI´n, `Khms AhnsS {]XnjvTn®p. Hmeta™ Hcp {iotImhn¬
n¿Ωn°pIbpw ssZwZn ]qPmImcy߃ Bcw`n°pIbpw sNbvXp. At±lØns‚ Imetijw C√sØ A¥¿PßfmWv
nthZyw A¿∏n®ncp∂Xv.
Ime{ItaW ]qPmImcy߃ SØphm≥ C√sØ ImcWh¿°v km[n°mØXnm¬, Hcp Znhkw D®]qP°v tijw
At±lw t£{XØns‚ Xmt°m¬ sNmΔc Xos∏´ almcmPmhns Gev∏n®p. [m¿ΩnI N{Ih¿Øn F∂dnbs∏´ncp∂
almcmPmhv `‡n]q¿Δw t£{Xw Gs‰Sp°pIbpw, ]pcp≤mcWØns‚ NpaXe F°metØbpw {]K¤mb
X®pimkv{X⁄≥ Cu®chmcysc Gev∏n°pIbpw sNbvXp. sIm®n almcmPmhns‚ tcn´p≈ `cWØn≥ Iogn¬ Span‰w
tZhkzw Bbn ssZwZn Imcy߃ SØnbncp∂Xv. F∂m¬ tIcfkwÿmw cq]nIrXambtXmSpIqSn, tZhkzØnp≈
hcpamw ]cnanXamhpIbpw, t£{XØnse ]qPmImcy߃°v ho≠pw {i≤IpdbpIbpw sNbvXp.
]flktcmhcXochnlmcn...
XmacwIpfßc {io [¿ΩimkvXm t£{Xw
5Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017

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(depending upon the type of loan) | Flexible repayment options

9. 7Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
Cu ImeL´ØnemWv t£{X]cnkchmknIƒ t£{XØns‚ D∂aw mSns‚ sFizcyw BsW∂v a nem°n,
t£{XSØn∏nmbn XmacwIpfßc Aø∏ tkhm kanXn F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp kwLS cq]oIcn®Xv. tIcf Ducm◊
tZhkzØns‚ Iognep≈ Cu t£{XØnse SØn∏v NpaXe Aø∏ tkhm kanXnbn¬ n£n]vXamWv. Ign™ Acq‰m-
≠ntesd-bmbn {]h¿Øn®p hcp∂ Aø∏ tkhm kanXn nch[n {]h¿Ø߃ t£{XØn¬ SØn hcp∂p. [zP{]XnjvT,
S∏pc n¿ΩmWw, {iotImhnepw Np‰ºehpw sNtºme tabpI, Du´p]pc n¿ΩWw XpSßnb ]e _rlZv ]≤XnIfpw
`Khms‚ Ap{KlØmepw `‡PßfpsS n¿tem`amb klIcWØmepw ]q¿ØoIcn°phm≥ km[n®p.
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc t£{X-Ønse apJy-{]-XnjvT {io [¿Ω-im-kvXm-hn-t‚-Xm-Wv. Chn-SpsØ tZhsN{a-h-´-Ø-∏-mbpw `‡-
P--߃ Bcm-[n-®p-h-cp-∂p. he-Xp- I-c-Øn¬ Aar-X-I-e-i-hp-ambn IpSn-sIm-f-fp∂ {io[¿Ω-im-kvXmhv Xs‚ `‡-cpsS GX-
`n-em-jhpw km[n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dmbn Ccn-°p-I-bm-Wv. I∂n-aq-e-bn¬ KW-]Xn `K-hmpw sXs°
Xncp-ap-‰Øp≈ t£{X-Øn¬ `{Z-Imfn tZhnbpw `‡-P--߃°v Ap-{K-l-߃ ¬Ip-hm-mbn hmW-cp-fp-∂p. IqSmsX mK-
cm-Pm-hv, {_“-c-£kv F∂o D]-tZ-h-∑m-tcbpw ChnsS {]Xn-jvTn-°-s∏´n´p≠v.
tIcfØnse {]ikvXamb ]qtcm’hßfn¬ XmacwIpfßc aIchnf°p’hØnv {]tXyI ÿmap≠v.
{io ]q¿Æ{Xbois‚ {]PIƒ°v tafkwkv°mcw c‡Øn¬ Aen™p tN¿∂n´p≈XmWv. hr›ntIm’hhpw
AXntmSp_‘n®p≈ AXn{]ikvXamb Fgp∂≈n∏pIfpw tafßfpw BkzZn°phm≥ mSns‚ mm`mKØv n∂pw
BkzmZI¿ {io ]q¿Æ{Xboi k∂n[nbn¬ FØnt®cp∂p. Cu D’hkwkv°mcw NphSp]nSn®mWv XmacwIpfßc
t£{XØnse B≠ptXmdpap≈ aIchnf°p’hhpw Nn´s∏SpØnbncn°p∂Xv. F√m h¿jhpw aIcw H∂nv XmacwIpfßc
t£{XØn¬ Actßdp∂ taf{Xbw Npcpßnb Imeßfn¬ Xs∂ {]ikvXnbm¿÷n®Xn¬ kanXn°v NmcnXm¿∞yap≠v.
`Khms‚ Fgp∂≈n∏pIƒ cmPIobamhWw F∂p≈t∏mƒ AIºSnbmIp∂ hmZytaf߃°v Xnabpw imkv{XobXbpw
]q¿Æambpw D≠mIWw. Cu e£yamWv `Khm≥ {io ]q¿Æ{Xbois‚bpw {io [¿ΩimkvXmhns‚bpw Ap{KlØm¬
XmacwIpfßcbn¬ Actßdp∂Xv. D’htØmSp_‘n®v Hcp {]tXyI hnjbw am{Xw ssIImcyw sNbvXv
{]kn≤oIcn°mdp≈ F∂ kvacWnIbpw BkzmZIhrμØns‚ {]iwk ]nSn®p]‰p∂p.
“£bØn¬ n∂pw {XmWw sNøp∂Xv” (miØn¬ n∂pw c£n°p∂Xv) t£{Xw F∂ A¿∞amWv {ioi¶cmNmcy¿
`KhXv KoX°v cNn® `mjyØn¬ ¬Inbn´p≈Xv. XmacwIpfßc {io [¿ΩimkvXm t£{Xw Cu A¿∞sØ ]q¿Æam°p∂p.
Cu t£{XØnse tZhs Adn™v Bcm[n°p∂h¿°v k¿Δ sFizcyßfpw {IaØn¬ h∂ptNcp∂p. ap∂qdp
sIm√Øntesd ]g°ap≈Xpw `‡intcmaWnbpw Nn{XIemn]pWpamb tamc°me `´Xncn Bcm[n®pt]m∂Xpamb
XmacwIpfßc {io [¿ΩimkvXmhns‚ ssNXyw mƒ°pmƒ Cu tZisaßpw hym]n®psImt≠bncn°p∂p. inhXØzhpw
hnjvWpXØzhpw HØptNcp∂ H∂mWv lcnlc]p{Xs∂ k¶ev]w. Cu tZiØv F√m IpSpw_ßfnepw sFizcyhpw
kº¬kar≤nbpw nd®psIm≠v B{inXh’emb `Khm≥ {io [¿ΩimkvXmhv hncmPn°p∂p.
F√mw `Khm≥ {io [¿ΩimkvXmhns‚bpw {io ]q¿Æ{Xbois‚bpw Xr∏mZ]flßfn¬ ka¿∏n®v sIm≠v
AyYm icWw mkvXn Xztah icWw aa !
XkvamXv ImcpWy `mth c£ c£ alm{]t`m!!
mVecf MjCX
D’h Znhkßfn¬ ùMrakebfnfvgúf¬ svÖxbfäTgkW
ceùlceCx släfãfTgÿlx. FlfvebMõceã
svÖx Y©pv~WTx bBfheëeãf Dqh¥fTebgÿleCx.

11. X{¥n iin--ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv
]pen-b-∂q¿ a
P.O. Fcq¿ - 682306, Xr∏q-Wn-Øpd
Phone: 2776481
Xr∏qWnØpd XmacwIpfßc {io [¿ΩimkvXm
t£{XØnse 1192˛mw am≠v aI-c-hn-f°v atlm’htØmSv
Ap_‘n®v BIsf {]Xn-]m-Zn-®p-sIm≠p {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂
“aI-c-tPymXn” F∂ kvac-WnIbv°v F√m BiwkIfpw
tcp∂tXmsSm∏w `Khms‚ D’hw `wKnbmbn S°p∂Xnpw
{io [¿Ω-im-kvXm-hn-t‚-bpw, {io ]q¿Æ-{X-bo-i-t‚bpw Ap-{Klw
D≠m-Is´ F∂v {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.
F∂v
X{¥n iin--ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv
23-12-2016
9Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017

12. kly-]p-{X-∑m-cmb B-Iƒ°v apº-tØ-°mfpw {]m[m-yhpw {]i-kvXnbpw Gdn-h-cp∂ Ime-am-Wv.
BNm-c-ß-fpsS `mK-ambn am{Xw tIc-fob t£{X-ß-fn¬ tZh-ta-f-I-fn¬ km∂n-≤y-a-dn-bn-®n-cp∂ B-Iƒ
C∂v t£t{Xm-’-h-ß-fpsS {]uVn hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p-∂-Xn-p≈ Hcp ImgvN-h-kvXp-hm-Wv.
AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ B-Iƒ C∂v Gsd sNe-th-dnb Hcp D]-t`m-K-h-kvXp-hmbn amdn-°-gn-™p.
tImSn-Iƒ adn-bp∂ Hcp I®-hS Nc-°mbn m´m--Iƒ amdn-b-tXmsS Ah-bpsS ne-n¬∏v Xs∂
A]m-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-amdv ÿnXn-K-Xn-Iƒ ssIhn-´p-t]m-Ip∂ nebnem-Wv. B apX-em-fn-am-cn¬ n∂pw ssIa-
dn™p ssIa-dn™p ]m´-Ønp FSp-°p∂ hy‡n-I-fn-te°v B-Iƒ FØn-s∏-Sp-∂-tXmsS XpS-ßp∂p
Ah-bpsS c-I-Xp-ey-amb Pohn-Xw.
]qc-∏-d-ºn¬ n∂pw D’-h-∏-d-ºp-I-fn-te°p temdn-I-fn¬ ]mbp∂ Cu kly-]p-{X-∑m-cpsS Zn-N-cy-I-
fn¬ n∂pw `£-Whpw hn{i-ahpw A{]-Xy-£-am-hp-∂p. IqSnb ico-tcm-jvam-hp≈ Cu arK-ß-fn¬ ka-bm-k-a-
b-Øp≈ ""-°¬'' F∂ Ipfn, t£{X-Ønp kao-]sØ ss]∏n¬ n∂p≈ ""Xfn-°¬'' am{X-ambn amdpI
IqSn sNbvX-tXmsS m´m ]Ww kºm-Zn-°m-p≈ Poh-p≈ Hcp {]Z¿i hkvXp Bbn-cn-°p-∂p.
CXn-n-S-bn¬ Fgp-∂-≈n-°p∂ B-Iƒ°v ""IpS'' ]nSn-°-Ww F∂ coXn-bn-ep≈ ck-I-c-ß-fmb
m´m ]cn-]m-e N´-߃ IqSn-h-∂-tXmsS t£{Xm-Nm-c-߃ tNmZyw sNbvXp B hyh-lm-c-ß-fn¬
kzbw A`n-c-an-°p∂ Iq´-߃°v i_-cn-ae kv{Xo {]th-i-w-t]mse tImSXn tIdm-p≈ as‰mcp
hnjbw IqSn e`n°p∂p.
q‰m-≠p-I-fmbn ne-n¬°p∂ BNm-c-߃, Ap-jvTm--߃ Ch-sbms° auen-Im-h-Im-i-ß-fp-sSbpw
enwK-k-a-Xz--Øn-s‚-bp-sams° shfn-®-Øn¬ ]p¿hm-b S-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂p.
Cu Hcp kml-N-cy-Øn¬ BWv Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc Aø∏ tkhm-k-anXn aI-c-tPymXn 2017 B-I-fpsS
G‰hpw ]pXnb hnti-j-ß-fp-ambn ""Im´m--Ifn¬ n∂pw m´m--Ifnte°v'' F∂ B-°m-cy-ß-fpsS Xs∂
aq∂mw ]Xn-∏mbn ]pd-Øn-d-°p-∂Xv.
CXp-hsc ]d-bm-ØXpw N¿® sNøm-ØXpw Bb B hnti-j-߃ Dƒs∏-SpØn {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂
aI-c-tPymXn 2017, Rß-fpsS apºv Cd-ßnb B hnti-j-߃ nd™ kvac-Wn-I-Isft∏mse lrZy-ambpw
ck-I-c-am-bp-amWv cq]-I¬] sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io[¿Ω imkvXm-hns‚ Xr∏m-Z-ß-fn¬ icWtLmj-tØmsS G‰hpw ]pXnb B hnti-
j-ß-fpsS Hcp ssI∏p-kvXIw ka¿∏n-°p-∂p.
AUz. B¿. APnXv Ipam¿ h¿Ω
{]kn-U≠v
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc Aø∏ tkhm kaXn
BapJw
XmacwIpfßc Aø∏ tkhmkanXn
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc, Xr∏q-Wn-Øp-d-˛682301
10

13. 11Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
bn-eq-sS...
XmacwIpfßc Aø∏ tkhmkanXn
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc, Xr∏q-Wn-Øp-d-˛682301
A©p ]Xn-‰m-≠n-te-sd-bmbn Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io[¿Ω-imkvXm t£{X-Ønse D’-hmZn Imcy-
ß-fpw, nXy-n-Zm NS-ßp-Ifpw Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc Aø-∏-tk-hm-k-anXn F∂ `‡-P kwL-S--bmWv
SØnh-cp-∂-Xv. `K-hm≥ {io[¿Ω-im-kvXm-hn-s‚bpw tZi-m-Y-mb {io]q¿Æ-{X-bo-i-s‚bpw Ap-
{K-l-I-Sm-£-ß-fmepw, `‡-P--ß-fpsS n¿t√m-`-amb kl-I-c-W-Ømepw Cu t£{X-Øns‚ bi v Ap-Znw h¿≤n-®p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
BNm-cm-p-jvTm--߃°v {]mapJyw ¬In 2017 Pp-hcn 10 apX¬ 15 hsc S-Øp∂ Cu h¿jsØ aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLm-
j-Øn¬ {]i-kvX-amb Iem-Im-c-∑m-tcm-sSm∏w Cu cwK-tØ°p IS-∂p-h-cp∂ ]pXnb {]Xn-`-Ifpw ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂p. D’-h-tØm-
S-p-_-‘n®v S-Øp∂ NS-ßp-Ifpw BNm-c-ßfpw t£{X-Øn-se-Øp∂ `‡-P--ß-fp-sS-bpw, k¿tΔm-]cn t£{Xw
ÿnXnsNøp∂ {]tZ-i-Øn-s‚bpw sFizcy h¿≤--hnp Imc-W-amIpw F∂v R߃°v ]q¿Æ t_m[y-ap-≠v. AXn-m¬ `‡-
cpsS ico-c-tØbpw, a- n-t-bpw, t£{Xw Ccn-°p∂ {]tZ-i-tØbpw ]hn-{Xo-I-cn-°p-hm-pw, BtLm-j-Øn-em-dm-Sn-°p-hmpw
DX-Ip∂ Xc-Øn-emWv NS-ßp-Ifpw a‰pw hn`m-hw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
t£{X-Ønse D’-h-tØm-S-p-_-‘n®v {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂ kvac-Wn-I-bmb aI-c-tPymXn Cu h¿jw AXns‚ ]Xn-©mw
]Xn-∏n-te°v IS-°p-I-bm-Wv. ΩpsS kwkvIm-c-Øn-s‚bpw Ie-I-fp-sSbpw apJ-ap-{Z-I-fmb ]e hnj-b-ßfpw ap≥Im-e-ß-
fnse kvac-Wn-I-I-fn¬ {]ap-J-cmb hy‡n-Iƒ hni-I-ew sNbvXp-I-gn-™p. tIc-f-Ønse t£t{Xm-’-h-ß-fpsS Ahn-`mPy
LS-I-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw {]m[m-y-ta-dnb H∂mWv B-Iƒ. ΩpsS Pohn-X-Ønepw kaq-l-Ønepw B-sb-t∏mse Bg-Øn¬
thtcm-Sn-bn-´p≈ as‰mcp Pohnbpw C√. Ncn-{Xm-XoX Imew apX¬ `mc-X-Øn¬ B-Isf ]cn-io-en-∏n®v m´m--I-fm-°n-bn-cp-∂-
Xmbn tcJ-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂p. A¿ta-t`ym-l-kvXn]w Phm-bm-im]w ]pjvtSy tKm]mew .... (o-≠--S-∏n-p-th≠n Hcp B-]m-∏mpw
thK-Øn-p-th≠n Hcp Aiz-]-pw, t]mj-W-Øn-mbn Hcp tKm]m-e-pw.) ([-b-Pp¿thZw A≤ymbw 30 a{¥w 11) F∂p XpS-
ßp∂ a{¥hpw, amXw-K-eoe XpS-ßnb {_lXv {KŸ-ß-fpw, B-°-Y-I-fpw, B-°-hn-X-I-fp-sams° CXv km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-
∂p. D’-h-∏-d-ºp-I-fnepw B-s°m-´n-enepw ]d-™mepw tI´mepw aXn-h-cmØ B-°-Y-Iƒ°mbn mw Ct∏mgpw sNhn-sIm-
Sp-°p-∂p. ]qØp-e-bp∂ ]pcp-jm-c-ß-fpsS Sp-hn¬ tImcn-s®m-cn-bp∂ h¿Æ-Nm-Xp-cy-tØmsS Xosh-´n-bpsS Pzmem-tKm-]p-c-
߃ DXn¿°p∂ {]`m-]p-c-Øn¬ sh´n-Øn-f-ßp∂ kly-tmfw t]m∂ Xe-sb-Sp-∏p≈ kly-]p-{X≥am¿ Bbpw am-hpw
XΩn-ep≈ Bfl-_-‘-Øns‚ ]pXnb GSp-Iƒ C∂pw cNn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. ΩpsS kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ ASn-ÿmine-I-
fn-sem-∂mb B-bp-am-bp≈ ΩpsS _‘w ]e Imc-W-ß-fmepw {]Xn-k‘n tcn-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬ aq∂m-
a-sXm-cn-°¬°qSn B F∂ hnjbw aI-c-tPymXn N¿® sNøp-I-bm-Wv. Im´m--bn¬ n∂pw m´m--bn-te-°p≈ ]cn-Wmaw
F∂p-≈-XmWv Cu h¿jsØ kvac-Wn-I-bpsS CXn-hr-Øw. amXwK kaqlw Cnbpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ `mK-ambn
XpS-c-W-sa-¶n¬ mw ΩpsS B-Isf°pdn-®v, Im´m--bn¬ n∂pw m´m--bmbn ]cn-W-an-°p-tºmƒ Ah-bpsS kz`m-h-Øn¬
hcp∂ am‰-ßsf°pdn-®p-sams° Ht´sd Imcy-߃ Adn-tb-≠-Xp≠v F∂ ImgvN-∏m-SmWv Cu {]Xn-]mZy hnj-b-Øn-te°v Rßsf
bn-®-Xv. CXn¬ Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-cn-°p∂ imkv{Xob hni-I-e--߃ tIc-f-Ønse B-t{]-an-I-fp-sS, D’h S-Øn-∏p-Im-cp-sS,
B DS-a-I-fp-sS, k¿tΔm-]cn B-]m-∏m-∑m-cpsS kao-]ßfn¬ am‰w hcp-Øp-sa∂pw B-Isf tIhew D]-t`m-K-h-kvXp-
hmbn ImWp-hm-p≈ C∂sØ {]h-W-Xsb n¿Ωm¿Pw sNøp-sa∂pw R߃ Icp-Xp-∂p.
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc Aø-∏-tkhm kanXn S-Øp∂ cmam-bW amkm-N-c-Ww, k]vXm-l-߃, ]¶pn D{Xw, `K-h-Xn-bpsS Ifw-
]m-´v, ao-`-c-Wn BtLm-jw, k¿∏ _en, imkvXmw-]m´v, nthZy kZy, in-bm-gvN-I-fn¬ S-Øp∂ `P--Iƒ, t£{X hmZyIem-tI-
{μ-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ {]h¿Ø--߃, a‰p kmaqly kmwkvIm-cnI {]h¿Ø--߃, k¿tΔm-]cn aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmjw Ch-
sbms° kzm¿∞-I-am-°p-hm≥ kan-Xn°v AI-a-gn™ kl-I-c-W-߃ ¬In-h-cp∂ `‡-P--ß-fnepw {]h¿Ø-I-cnepw
{io]q¿Æ-{X-bo-i-pw, {io[¿Ω-im-kvXmhpw nXyw Ap-{K-l-h¿jw sNmcn-b-s´.
icWtLmj-ß-tfmsS
s{]m^. ]n.-F-kv. tim`≥
sk{I-´dn

15. 13Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 13Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
D≈-S°w
1. tIc-f-Ønse B-Ifpw Bhmk hyh-ÿbpw 15
tUm. ]n.-F-kv. Cukm
2. B-bpsS kz`m-hhpw kaq-lhpw 23
tUm. amh-Øq¿ B-μ-Ip-am¿
3. Rmsmcp Im´m 31
tUm. Pbv°_v hn. Noc≥
4. B- 39
Fkv. cm[m-Ir-jvW≥
5. B-I-fp-sam-Øp≈ Fs‚ Zn-߃ 45
tUm: F.-sP.-Sn. tPm¨knßv
6. Elephant— Religion, Ecology and Welfare 61
Surendra Varma
7. B-Iƒ°p-≠m-Ip∂ tcmK-߃ 67
APbv sI. tZimbv
8. B ]m∏≥am-cpsS ]cn-io-ew 73
tUm. C.-sI. Cuiz-c≥
9. B-Iƒ ]nW-ßn-b-t∏mƒ 77
tUm. _n. Ac-hnμv
10. ]meIm]y≥ Nn¥Ifpw kaImeo KPkwc£Whpw ]cn]mehpw 81
{io[¿ hnPbIrjvW≥
11. t£{Xßfnse BNmcmpjvTmßfpw Bsbgps∂≈n∏pw 91
cmtP{μ≥ Bdm´p]pg
12. hr›n-tIm-’hw ˛ KP-ho-c-∑m-cp-tSbpw D’hw 101
Fkv. lcn

17. 15Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 15Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
tUm. ]n.- F-kv. Cukm
hy-Pohn Kth-j-I≥,
tZiob hy-Pohn
t_m¿Uv AwKw
tIc-f-Ønse B-Ifpw
Bhmk hyh-ÿbpw
ssPh-ssh-hn[y kº-∂-amb ]›naL´-Øns‚ GI-tZiw 21856
NXp-c{i Intem-ao-‰¿ `mKw Dƒs∏-Sp∂ tIcfw oe-Kncn B-ae ˛ AK-
kvXy-ae `mK-߃ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ tIc-fw. sshhn-[y-am¿∂ h-`m-K-ßfpw
Ahn-sS-n∂pw D¬`-hn-°p∂ nc-h[n Acp-hn-Ifpw D≈ tIc-fw. Bhmk
hyh-ÿ-bpsS sshhn[yw kky-˛-P-¥p-Pm-e-ß-fpsS sshhn-[y-Ønepw
{]Xn-^-en-°p-∂p.
t^mdÃv k¿tΔ Hm^v C¥y-bpsS 2013-˛se IW-°p-{]-Imcw tIc-f-
Ønse `qhn-kvXr-Xn-bpsS GI-tZiw 46 iX-amw h-`m-K-ß-fp-≠v. hw-
h-Ip-∏ns‚ IW-°p-Iƒ {]Imcw GI-tZiw 9107 NXp-c{i Intem-ao-‰¿
dnk-h¿hv h-ßfpw GI-tZiw 364 N.-In.-ao-‰¿ dnk¿Δv h-ß-fmbn n¿t±-
in-°-s∏-´-h-bp-am-Wv. n£n]vX h-`q-anbpw ]mcn-ÿn-XnI {]m[m-y-ap≈
h-`m-K-ßfpw GXm≠v 1837 N.-In.ao‰-tdmfw D≠v. BsI-bp≈ 11309.5032
N.-In.ao‰¿ h-Øns‚ 34.29 iX-amw nXy-l-cnX h-ß-fm-Wv. 32 iX-
am--tØmfw B¿{Z Ce s]mgnbpw ImSp-Ifpw 3.46 iX-amtØmfw hc≠
Ce-s]m-gnbpw ImSp-I-fp-am-Wv. hfsc Db¿∂ {]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ ImWp∂
]p¬ta-Sv-˛-tNm-e-°m-Sp-Iƒ tIc-f-Ønse h-ß-fpsS 3.42 iX-am-w-h-cpw.
_m°n `mK-߃ hnhn[ C-ß-fpsS tXm´-ßfpw ]p¬ta-Sp-Ifpw
tN¿∂hbm-Wv. h-hn-kvXr-Xn-bn¬ ap≥]-¥n-bn¬ CSp-°n, ]Ø-w-Xn-´,
hb-mSv Pn√-I-fmWv ap≥]-¥n-bn¬.
]mcn-ÿn-XnI {]m[m-yw-sIm≠pw kky-˛-P-¥p-Pme sshhn-[yw-
sIm≠pw kº-∂-amb nXy-l-cn-X-h--߃ C∂pw X-Xmb coXn-bn¬
kwc-£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ kwÿm--amWv tIc-fw. ne-ºq-cnse yq Aa-c-º-
.......................................................................................................

19. 17Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 17Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
ew, Nme-°pSn˛hm-g-®m¬-˛-s-√m-bw-]Xn `mK-߃, ae-
bm-‰q¿, am¶p-fw, IÆq-cnse Bd-fw-˛-sIm-´n-bq¿, s]cn-
bm¿ ssSK¿ dnk¿Δv, dm∂n-˛-tIm-∂n-˛-A-®≥tIm-hn¬,
AK-kvXy-ae XpS-ßnb `mK-߃ nXy-l-cnX h-߃
[mcm-f-am-bp≈ `mK-ß-fm-Wv. GXm≠v F√m h-{]-tZ-
i-ß-fnepw B¿{Z Ce-s]m-gnbpw ImSp-I-fp-≠v. F∂m¬
ag ng¬ hc≠ {]tZ-i-ß-fn-emWv hc≠ Ce-s]m-gnbpw
ImSp-I-fp-≈-Xv. hb-m-Sns‚ Iptd `mK-߃, ]d-ºn-°p-
fsØ Xan-gvmSv AXn¿Øn, ad-bq¿-˛-Nn-∂m¿ h-`m-K-
߃ hc≠ Ce-s]m-gnbpw ImSp-I-fpsS DØa DZm-l-c-
W-ß-fm-Wv. aq∂m-dn-epw, {]tXy-In®v Cc-hn-°pfw tZio-
tbm-Zym--Øn¬, AK-kvXy-a-e-bpsS Db¿∂ `mK-ß-fnepw
ImW-s∏-Sp∂ hnkvXr-X-amb ]p¬ta-Sp-Ifpw tNme-°m-
Sp-Ifpw atm-lm-cn-X-sIm≠pw A]q¿Δ kky-˛-P-¥p-
°-fpsS km∂n-≤yw-sIm≠pw {i≤n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
h-hn-kvXr-Xn-sIm≠v kº-∂-am-sW-¶nepw tIc-f-
Ønse h-߃ ]eXpw XpS¿® jvS-s∏-´-h-bm-Wv. hb-
m-Spw, Bdfw, sIm´n-bq¿ `mKhpw hfsc hnkvXr-X-am-
b, I¿Æm-S-I-bnse _μn-∏q¿˛m-K¿tlm-sf, _nen-Kncn
cma-kzman h-ßfpw, Xan-gvm-´nse oe-Kn-cn-˛-ap-Xp-a-sse-
˛-k-Xy-aw-Kew h-ßfpw tN¿∂, hen-sbmcp h-`q-an-
bpsS `mK-am-Wv. GI-tZiw 12700 NXp-c-{i Intem-ao-‰¿
hcp∂ Cu h-`mKw Gjy≥ B-I-fpsS G‰hpw
henb Bhm-k-hy-h-ÿ-bm-Wv. ChnsS GI-tZiw
HºXn-m-bncw B-Iƒ kwc-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
h-hn-kvXr-Xn-sIm≠v hen-sbmcp Bhm-k-hy-h-
ÿ-bpsS `mK-am-sW-¶nepw hb-mSv nc-h[n {]iv-
߃ tcn-Sp-∂p. h-Øn-p-≈n¬ hnhn[ `mK-ß-fn¬
ap-jy-hm-k-ap-≠v. hb-mSv hy-Pohn kwc-£W tI{μ-
Øn¬Øs∂ q‰n-∏Øv "sk‰n¬sa‚p-Iƒ' F∂Xv
{]iv-Øns‚ Xo{hX hnfn-®p-]-d-bp-∂p. Cu Hmtcm ap-
jy-hmk {]tZ-i-ßfpw Np‰p-ap≈ h-Øn¬ sNep-
Øp∂ BLmXw sNdp-Xm-bn-cn-°n-√. ]Xn-m-em-bn-c-
tØmfw P-ßfpw Aøm-cn-tØmfw Ip∂p-Im-en-Ifpw
h-`m-K-߃ timjn-X-am-Ip-∂-Xnv Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p.
CtXm-sSm∏w ap-jy-˛-h-y-Pohn "kwL¿j'Ønpw
CXp Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. hy-Po-hn-Iƒ, {]tXy-In®v B-
Iƒ Irjn in-∏n-°p-∂p, ISp-h I∂p-Im-en-Isf ]nSn-
°p-∂p, apjyPohv `oj-Wn-bm-Ip∂p XpSßn nc-
h[n ]cm-Xn-I-fp-≠v. CtXm-sSm∏w hy-Po-hn-I-fpsS
sskzcy-hn-lm-c-Ønpw Cu apjy km∂n≤yw XS- -
am-Ip-∂p. ap-jy-˛-h-y-Pohn kwL¿j-Øns‚ ]cn-Wn-
X-^-e-ambn B-Isf sshZypXn D]-tbm-Kn®pw A√m-
sXbpw sIm√p-∂Xpw C∂v Hcp `oj-Wn-
bm-bn-´p-≠v.
sske‚ v hmen-˛-n-e-ºq¿-˛-a-Æm¿°mSv h-߃°v
Xan-gvm-Sp-ambn XpS¿®-bp-≠v. nXy-l-cnX h-ßfpw
B¿{Z Ce-s]m-gnbpw ImSp-Ifpw D≈ Cu h-{]-tZ-
iØv sske‚ v hmen-˛yq Aa-c-º-ew-˛-Xn-cp-hmWn {]tZ-
i-߃ Hgn®m¬ NnX-dn-°n-S-°p∂ ap-jy-hmk ÿe-
ß-fmWv IqSp-X-epw. G‰hpw √ DZm-l-cWw BZn-hmkn
taJ-e-bmb AK-fn-˛-A-´-∏mSn taJ-e-bm-Wv. BZn-hm-kn-
I-fpsS FÆsØ IS-Øn-sh-´p∂ coXn-bn¬ ChnsS a‰p
{]tZ-i-Øp-≈-h-cpsS Irjn ÿe-߃ D≠v. Hmtcm
kzImcy ÿe-ßfpw kutcm¿÷ then-I-fm¬ "kwc-
£n°'s∏´n-cn-°p-∂p. ]cm-Xn-I-fp≈ a‰p-≈-h¿°v hw-
h-Ip-∏ns‚ hI kutcm¿÷ then-Ifpw IqSn BIp-
tºmƒ B-I-fpsS k©m-c-]Yw ]e-bn-SØpw sIm´n-
b-S-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. k©m-c-]-Y-ß-fn¬ am‰w hcp-∂-
tXmsS B-Iƒ ´w-Xn-cn™v kz`mh sshIr-X-Øn-
te°v amdn P-߃°v ""{]ivw'' D≠m-°p∂p F∂
]cmXn Db-cp-∂p.
Xma-c-t»cn Npc-Ønv hS°v `mK-Ønpw hb-m-
Sv-˛-X-e-t»cn tdmUnv sX°v`m-K-Øp-ambn am-¥-hmSn
Ip‰ymSn tdmUns‚ {]iv-tØmsS Iptd h-`m-K-߃
XpS¿®-bn-√mØ Xpcp-Øm-bp-≠v. Cu `mKØpw Ipd®v
B-Iƒ D≠v. Cu B-Isf a‰v hnkvXrX h-`m-K-
hp-ambn XpS¿®-bp-≠m°n, k©m-c-]Yw kpK-a-am--°p-
hm≥ ]{Im-¥fw B-Ømc hoXn Iq´-W-sa∂
Bhiyw ne-hn-ep-≠v.
]me-°mSv Kym∏n-p-sX°v `mK-Ømbn GI-tZiw
Aøm-bncw N.-In. ao‰¿ hnkvXr-Xn-bp≈ B-a-e-˛-s-
√n-bmw-]-Xn, B-apSn `mKw hw-˛-h-y-Pohn kº-∂-am-
Wv. tIc-f-Øns‚ ]d-ºn-°p-fw, s√n-bm-º-Xn, Nme-°p-
Sn, hmg-®m¬, ]o®n, NnΩn-n, ae-bm-‰q¿, am¶p-fw, aq∂m¿,
ad-bq¿, Nn∂m¿ F∂o `mK-ßfpw Xan-gvm-Sns‚ B-
............................................................................................................................................................................

21. 19Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 19Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
ae ISphm kt¶-Xw, sImssS-°-m¬ h-`m-K-ßfpw
tN¿∂ hnkvXr-X-amb Cu h-{]-tZiw Bhmk hyh-
ÿ-bpsS sshhn-[yw-sIm≠pw kº-∂-am-Wv. Nn∂m-dnse
hc≠ Ip‰n-°m-Sp-Ifpw hc≠ Ce-s]m-gnbpw ImSp-I-
fpw, hfsc hnkvXr-X-amb GXm-s≠√m `mK-ß-fnepw
ImWp∂ B¿{Z Ce-s]m-gnbpw ImSp-Ifpw s√n-bmw-
]Xn CS-a-e-bm¿, tjmf-bm¿ XpS-ßnb `mK-ß-fnse nXy-
l-cn-X- h-ßfpw Cu h-`m-K-Øns‚ {]tXy-I-X-bm-
Wv. aq∂m-dnepw Cc-hn-Ip-fØpw kpe-`-amb hnim-e-amb
]p¬ta-Sp-Ifpw tNme-°m-Sp-Ifpw temI-{]-kn-≤-am-Wv.
]›n-a-L-´-Øn¬ am{Xw ImW-s∏-Sp∂ hc-bm-Sp-I-fpsS
G‰hpw henb kwJy ImWp∂ Cc-hn-Ipfw tZio-tbm-
Zymw {]IrXn kwc-£W cwKsØ GsXm-cm-fp-tS-bpw
A`n-am--am-Wv.
tIc-f-Øn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ kwc-£nX {]tZiw
(h-y-Pohn kwc-£W tI{μ-߃) D≈Xpw Chn-sS-bm-
Wv. ]d-ºn-°pfw ISphm kt¶-Xw, ]o®n, NnΩn-n,
Nn∂m¿, Ipdn-™n-a-e, hy-Pohn kwc-£W tI{μ-߃,
Cc-hn-Ip-fw, ]mºm-Spw-tNm-e, aXn-sI-´m≥ tNme, B-
apSn tNme, tZio-tbm-Zym--߃, Xt´-°mSv ]£n-kw-c-
£-W-tI{μw Xmc-X-tay kwc-£W {]iv-߃ Ipd-
hmb Cu {]tZ-iØv tIc-f-Ønse B-I-fpsS s√m-
cp-i-X-amw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. a‰v {]tZ-i-ßsf At]-
£n®v ap-jy-˛-h-y-Pohn "kwL¿j'hpw
Cu {]tZ-iØv Ipd-hm-Wv. F¶nepw h-Øn-eqsS IS-
∂p-t]m-Ip∂ nc-h[n tdmUp-Ifpw FÆ-a‰ Pe-ssh-
ZypXn ]≤-Xn-I-fpsS "Im-ep-Ifpw' B-IfpsSbpw a‰p
hy-Po-hn-I-fpsS k©m-c-Ønp XS- -ap-≠m-°p-∂p.
Cu hnkvXrX {]tZ-i-hp-ambpw s]cn-bm¿ ISp-hm-
k-t¶-X-hp-ambpw D≠m-bn-cp∂ XpS¿® jvS-s∏´ CSp-
°n, Hcp ]®-Øp-cp-Øm-Wv. Aø-∏≥tIm-hn¬, K-cw-
]m-d, CSp°n hy-Pohn kwc-£-W-tI-{μw, tImX-aw-K-
e-Øn-p-Io-gn¬ hcp∂ Nne {]tZ-i-߃ tN¿∂
CXns‚ hnkvXrXn GI-tZiw ap∂q-tdmfw NXp-c{i
Intem-ao-‰-dm-Wv. Np‰pw tdmUp-Ifpw P-hm-k-hp-ap≈
Cu {]tZ-iØv GI-tZiw q‰n A≥]-tXmfw B-I-
fp-≠v. ]≠p-≠m-bn-cp∂ Im´p-t]m-Øns C∂v ImWm-
n√; {]mtZ-in-I-ambn hwi-miw kw`-hn-®p. Zo¿L-Ime
ssPh sshhn[y kwc-£-W-Ønv hnkvXr-X-amb
{]iv-ß-fn-√m-Ø, XpS¿®-bmb Bhmk hyhÿ
AXym-h-iy-am-sW∂v ]T--߃ njvI¿jn-°p-∂p.
kmaqly Pohn-bmb Ft∏mgpw k©-cn®v sIm≠n-cn-
°p∂ [mcmfw `£-Whpw sh≈hpw Bh-iy-amb
B-Iƒ°v sskzc-k-©m-c-Øn-mbn qdv IW-°nv
NXp-c{i Intem-ao-‰¿ hnkvXr-Xn-bp≈ Bhmk
hyhÿ thW-sa∂v ]T--^-e-߃ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.
GsXmcp Pohn°pw Pn-XI sshI-ey-ß-fn-√msX
Zo¿L-Imew ne-n¬°-W-sa-¶n¬ G‰hpw Ipd™
..............................................................................................

23. 21Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 21Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
............................................................................................................................................................................Hcp kwJy-th-W-sa∂pw mw a- n-em-°n-bn-´p-≠v. AXp-
sIm≠v Xs∂ CSp-°n-bnse Cu ]®-Øp-cpØv B-I-
fp-sSbpw a‰p hy-Po-hn-I-fp-sSbpw kwc-£-W-Ønp
G‰hpw henb sh√p-hn-fn-bm-Wv.
GI-tZiw 4500 N.-In.-ao-‰¿ hnkvXr-Xn-bp≈ s]cn-
bm¿ ISph kt¶-Xw, dm∂n, tIm∂n, A—≥tIm-hn¬,
Fcp-taen h-ß-fpƒs∏´ {]tZiw √ nXy-l-cnX h-
Øm¬ kº-∂-am-Wv. Xan-gvm-´nse sslth aoUv,
{ioh√n ]pØq¿ XpS-ßnb Xan-gvm-´nse hyPohn
kwc-£W tI{μ-߃ Ch-bpsS XpS¿®-bm-Wv. B-
Iƒ°v {]kn-≤-amb s]cn-bm¿ ISphm kt¶-
XsØ°pdn-®p≈ GsXmcp N¿®bpw Ahn-SpsØ
B¨-˛-s]¨ Ap-]m-X-ØnemWv Iem-in-°p-I.
G‰hpw Ah-kmw S-Ønb IW-°p-Iƒ {]Imcw
s]cn-bm¿ ISp-hm-k-t¶Xw Dƒs∏-Sp∂ henb {]tZ-iØv
B¨-˛-s]¨ Ap-]mXw 1:1.3 BWv. s]cn-bm¿ ISp-
hm-k-t¶-X-Øn¬ apXn¿∂Xpw CS-Ø-c-hp-amb BWm--
Iƒ BsI B-I-fpsS 31 iX-am--tØm-fw-h-cpw.
Xo¿∞m-Sw am{X-amWv {][m kwc-£W sh√p-hn-fn.
s]cn-bm¿ hy-{]-tZ-i-߃°v sX°v `mK-Ømbn
søm¿-˛-t]-∏m-d-˛-sj-¥p-cp-Wn-˛-sX-∑-e-˛-Ip-f-Øp-∏p-g-
˛]temSv-˛-]p--eq¿-˛-A-©¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ AK-kvXy-ae h-
߃. Cu h-߃ sXm´-SpØ s]cn-bm¿-˛-A-®≥tIm-
hn¬ h-ß-fn¬ n∂pw, ]p-eq¿ sNt¶m´ tdmUpw
sdbnepw Imc-Ww, CXns‚ hi-ß-fn-ep≈ tXm´-ßfpw
ap-jy-hmkw ImcWw XpS¿® jvS-s∏-´-h-bm-Wv. ]›n-
a-L-´-Øn¬ am{Xw ImWp∂ nc-h[n
kky-˛-P-¥p-Pm-e-߃ Cu `mKØv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p.
]›n-a-L-´-Ønse Xs∂ {]tXyI {]m[m-y-ap≈
Cu h-{]-tZ-ihpw Bhmk hyh-ÿ-bpsS sshhn-
[yw-sIm≠v kº-∂-am-Wv. Xan-gvm-Sns‚ Ie-°m-Sv-˛-ap-≠-
¥pd ISphm kt¶-X-hp-am-bp≈ XpS¿® AKkvXy
ae°v Hcp Ap-{K-l-am-Wv. B-Iƒ°v, a‰p {]tZ-i-
ß-fp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-tºmƒ, kwc-£W {]iv-
߃ ChnsS Ipd-hm-Wv.
Bhmk hyh-ÿ-I-fpsS sshhn-[yw-sIm≠v
kº-∂-amb tIc-f-Ønse h-ß-fn¬ 28.4 iX-amw
hy-Po-hn-kw-c-£W nb-a-{]-Imcw kwc-£nX {]tZ-
i-ß-fm-Wv. Ccp-]-Øn-aq∂v hy-Pohn kwc-£W tI{μ-
߃ ap-°p-≠v. tIc-f-Ønse h-ß-fn¬ 6112
]pjv]nX kky-ß-fp-≠v. Ch-bn¬ 851 C-߃ ]›n-
a-L-´-Øn¬ am{Xw-Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂-h-bm-Wv. CXn¬ Xs∂
267 C-߃ tIc-f-Øns‚ kz¥w. Ch IqSmsX
GXm≠v 700 Cw ]mb-ep-Iƒ (bryophytes) 236 Cw
]∂ h¿§-߃, 422 I¬]m-b-ep-Iƒ (lichens), 1990 Cw
Ipan-fp-Iƒ (fungi) F∂nh tIc-f-Ønse h-ß-fn¬
ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´n-´p≈ 121 kkvX-n-I-
fn¬ 16 C-߃ ]›n-a-L-´-Øn¬ am{Xw ImW-s∏-Sp-
∂p. hc-bm-Sp-I-fpsS G‰hpw henb FÆw tIc-f-Øn-
em-Wv. mq‰n sXmÆq‰n H≥]Xnw ]£n-I-fn¬ 17 C-
߃ ]›n-a-L-´-Øn¬ am{X-ap-≈-h-bm-Wv. Dc-K-ß-fn¬
173 C-߃ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´-t∏mƒ Ch-bn¬ 10 FÆw
tIc-f-Øn¬am{Xw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. tIc-f-Ønse 151 Cw
D`-b-Po-hn-I-fn¬ 36 C-߃ tIc-f-Øn¬ am{Xw ImWp-
∂p. ip≤ Pe-a-’y-ß-fn¬ 32 C-߃ tIc-f-Øn¬
am{Xw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. nc-h[n AI-ti-cp-°fpw Cu
h-{]-tZ-i-ßsf kºp-jvS-am-°p-∂p.
B-Iƒ ΩpsS kwkv°m-c-Øns‚ `mK-am-b-Xp-
sIm≠pw B-I-fpsS kwc-£Ww a‰p-Po-h-Pm-e-ß-fpsS
kwc-£Ww Dd-∏m-°p-sa-∂XpsIm≠pw tI{μ-k¿°m¿
C¥y-bnse B-I-fpsS Bhmk hyhÿIƒ "Fen-
^‚ v dnk¿hv' Bbn {]Jym-]n-°p-Ibpw B {]tZ-i-
߃°v {]tXyI ]cn-c£ Dd-∏m-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
tIc-f-Ønse GI-tZiw 7470 N.-In. ao‰¿ hcp∂ 6177
B-I-fp≈ mev Fen-^‚ v dnk¿hp-Iƒ {]tXyI
]≤Xn {]Imcw ]cn-]m-en-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. F∂m¬ h-kw-
c-£Ww Hmtcm ]uc-t‚bpw IS-a-bm-sW∂pw CXn¬
n∂p≈ Hmtcm LS-I-ßfpw ΩpsS ne-n¬∏nv
AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-am-sW∂pw a- n-em°n {]h¿Øn-
®mte BXy-¥n-I-ambn Ch-bpsS kwc-£Ww Dd-∏m-°p-
hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q.

25. 23Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 23Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
tUm. amh-Øq¿ B-μ-Ip-am¿
1990-I-fpsS BZy-]m-Z-Øn¬ B-ae ImSp-I-
fnse Ipc-ßp-h¿§-Øn¬s∏´ kkvX-n-I-fpsS Kth-
j-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv tUm. B-μ-Ip-am-dns‚ hy-
Pohn kwc-£W PohnXw Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv.
2000˛amt≠mSp-IqSn At±lw B-Iƒ tcn-Sp∂
{]iv-ß-fm¬ Ae-´-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ap-jy-˛-h-y-Pohn
kwL-´--ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]Tn-°m≥ Bcw-`n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. H∂c-]-Xn-‰m-≠n-te-sd-bmbn S-∂p-
sIm≠ncn°p∂ Cu Kth-jWw ta¬∏-d™
kwL-´--ß-sf, {]tXy-In®pw Im´m--I-fp-ambp≈-
hsb sNdp-°m≥ AXy-[nIw D]-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. At±-
l-sØtØSn tZio-b-˛-A-¥¿tZ-iob AwKo-Im-c-
߃ ]e-t∏m-gmbn FØn-bn-´p-≠v. {Ko≥-Hm-kvIm¿
F∂dnb-s∏-Sp∂ hn‰ven Ahm¿Upw CXn¬ Dƒs∏-
Sp-∂p. t®¿ I¨k¿th-j≥ ^ut≠-j≥ F∂
Kth-jW ÿm]--Øn¬ apXn¿∂ hy-Pohn
imkv{X-⁄-mb Ct±lw Xs‚ Kth-j-W-Øns‚
km[y-X-I-sf, B-Iƒ tcn-Sp∂ {]iv ]cn-lm-c-
Øn-mbn C∂pw hnn-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
B-bpsS kz`m-hhpw
kaq-lhpw
B{^n-°≥˛B-Iƒ°pw Gjy≥˛B-Iƒ°pw
hfsc k¶o¿Æ-amb kaq-l-hy-h-ÿn-Xn-bm-Wp-≈-Xv.
ASn-ÿm--]-c-amb Hcp kaq-l-°q-´m-bva-bn¬ AΩ-bm-
, Ip´n-bm--Iƒ Ch-bv°p-]p-dta 6 apX¬ 8 hsc-bp≈
B-Iƒ (_-‘p-°ƒ F∂p-]-d-bmw) C{X-bp-a-S-ßp∂
Hcp IpSpw-_-am-Wp-≈-Xv. C{]-Im-c-ap≈ A-h[n IpSpw-
_-߃ tN¿∂-XmWv Hcp B-°q´w (Cw-•o-jn¬ Herd
F∂p ]d-bpw). _‘p-°-fpsS Iq´m-bva-sb∂pw CXns
]d-bmw. B-I-fpsS kaq-l-hpw, apjy kaq-lhpw
XΩn¬ ]e Imcy-ß-fnepw kam--X-I-fp-≠v. B-I-fp-
tSbpw ap-jy-cp-tSbpw icm-icn Bbq¿ssZ¿Lyw 60
apX¬ 70 hsc h¿j-am-Wv. hnIm-c-]-c-amb IpSpw-_-_-
‘-߃, Ip´n-Isf hf¿Ø¬, Zo¿L-amb K¿`-[m-c-W-
Im-ew, Ip´n-Iƒ A-h-[n-Imew amXm-hns B{i-bn®p
Ign-bpI Ch-sb√mw ap-jy-cn-epw, B-I-fnepw
Htct]mse ImWmw.
kaqlw
Gjy≥ B-I-fn¬ BWm-bv°p am{Xta sImºp-
I-fp≈q (sIm-º-m F∂t√ ]d-bp-∂-Xv) F∂m¬
B{^n-°≥ B-I-fn¬ BWn-pw, s]Ænpw sImºp-
I-fp-≠v. Gjy≥ s]Æm--Iƒ°v sNdnb sImºp-Iƒ
(tX-‰-Iƒ˛tushes F∂p-]-d-bpw) ImWp-∂p. C¥y-bnse
hS°p Ing-°≥ kwÿm--ß-fn-te-bpw, {ioe-¶-bn-tebpw
...........................................................................................................

27. 25Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 25Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
s√mcp iX-amw B-Ifpw (B-Wm--Iƒ) sImºv
Xosc-bn-√m-h-bm-Wv. tamg-bm--Iƒ F∂mWv Ch Adn-
b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Cw•o-jn¬ makhnas F∂p-]-d-bpw. tamg-
bm--Iƒ s]mXpth a‰v BWm--I-tf-°mƒ B{I-a-tWm-
’p-I-cmWv; ]t£, CXp ]q¿Æ-ambpw icn-b-√m.
s√mcp s]Æm-sb CW-bmbn In´p-I-bn√m F∂-XmWv
tamg-bm--Iƒ°p≈ Hcp {][m yq-X. Ch B{I-a-
tWm-’p-IX {]I-Sn-∏n-°m-p≈ Imc-Ww, Hcp ]t£,
CXmImw! sImº-m--I-fp-am-bp≈ a’cw Hgnhm-°m≥
tamg-bm--Iƒ B{I-a-tWm-’p-I-X-bpw, {]tXyI Xc-
Øn-ep≈ icoc Ne--ßfpw {]Z¿in-∏n-°m-dp-≠-t{X.
B-Iƒ°v Pem-i-b-ß-fn¬ IqSp-X¬ kabw InS-
°m≥ CjvS-am-Wv. Ah ico-c-Øn¬ aÆp-hm-cn-bn´pw
(""a-tØ-`w ]mwkp-kvmw sIm≠t√m kt¥m-jn-∏q,
nXyhpw kz—-Pew X∂n-te-Ip-fn-®mew''-˛ F∂p-≠t√m),
sh≈-Øn¬ Ifn-°p-I, sNhn-Iƒ B´pI ˛ ico-c-
Ønse Xm]-ne nb-{¥n-°m-m-WnXv ˛ Ch-sb√mw
B-I-fpsS ÿncw tNjvS-I-fm-Wv. B-Iƒ°v tkzZ-
{K-Ÿn-Iƒ C√m F∂Xv Ah-bpsS {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv.
BWm--Iƒ XΩn¬ bp≤w sNøpI F∂Xv Hcp
s]mXp-{]-Xn-`m-k-am-Wv. Xß-fpsS B[n-]Xyw Dd-∏n-°m-
m-Wn-Xv. B-I-fpsS kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ hnL-Sn-°pI ˛
IqSn-t®-cpI F∂Xv s]mXp-hmb Hcp Imcy-am-Wv. _‘-
ap-≈h IqSn-t®-cp-∂p. A√m-Øh Xß-fpsS hgn°v
Iq´w ]ncn-™p-t]m-Ip-∂p. B-°q-´-Øn¬ B[n-]Xyw
Imc-W-h¿Øn-°m-Wv. ]cn-N-b-k-º-∂-bmb Cu
s]Æm Iq´-Ønse {]iv-߃°v kp{]-[m Xocp-
am--߃ ssIsIm-≈pw. 6 apX¬ 8 hsc
{]mb-ap≈ BWm--Iƒ kaqlw hn´v H‰bv°p≈
PohnXw bn-°p-∂p, F∂m¬ Nne-t∏mƒ a‰p≈ B-
I-fp-ambn Iq´w tNcp-Ibpw Ch-sN-øpw. Cu Iq´-Øn¬
]e-{]m-b-°m-cp-ap-≠mIpw (A-Xm-bXv BWm--Iƒ).
{]mb-]q¿Øn-bmb BWm-m-Iƒ Iq´-Ønse s]Æm-
-I-fp-ambn CW-tN-cpw. B-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T--߃,
Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂-Xv, Chbv°p kº-∂-amb Hcp
kaql°q´m-bva-bp-s≠-∂pw, D‰-co-Xn-bn-ep≈Xpw Dd-∏p-
≈-Xp-amb Hcp Pohn-X-ap-s≠-∂p-am-Wv. Ah k¶o¿Æ-
amb kz`mh sshin-jvSy-߃ {]Z¿in-∏n-°m-dp-ap-≠v.
sNdnb B-I-fpsS kwc-£-W-Øn-p-th≠n a‰v AΩ-
bm--Iƒ Ahsb ape-bq-´pIhsc sNøpw; kz¥w Ip´n-
b-s√-¶n¬ IqSn! Nne ka-b-ß-fn¬ Ah hnNn-{X-amb
kz`mhw Imbn-I-£-a-X, sshIm-cn-I-amb ÿnXn,
F∂nh {]Z¿in∏n-°m-dp-≠v. as‰m-cp-hs‚ hy‡n-Xz-ambn
XmZmflyw {]m]n-°m-p≈ Ah-bpsS Ign-hmWv CXv
shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. C{]-Im-c-ap≈ hnI-k-w, Ahsb
XΩn-e-dn-bm-p≈ Ign-hv, a‰p B-I-fn¬ n∂pw
ss]pWyw kºm-Zn-°pI F∂n-hsb ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p-
∂p. B{^n-°≥ B-Iƒ (s]-Æm--Iƒ) IqSp-Xepw
AΩ-bm-sb B{i-bn-®mWv Pohn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬
Gjy≥ s]Æm--Iƒ CXn¬ n∂pw hfsc hyXy-ÿ-
cm-Wv. Ah-bpsS kz`mhw, {imhy Zriy kw⁄-Isf
B{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ]c-kv]-cm-{i-bXzw Ds≠-
¶n¬t∏mepw B-Isf kw_-‘n®v kaq-l-]-T-w, a‰p
P¥p-°-fp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-tºmƒ XnI®pw Zp¿∫-
e-am-Wv. C°m-cy-Øn¬ Hcp Zo¿L-Ime ]Tw Cnbpw
S-∂n-´n-√m.
........................................................................................................

29. 27Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 27Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
Bi-b-hn-n-abw
B-I-fpsS Bi-b-hn-n-abw ]e-X-c-Øn-em-Wv.
G‰hpw ck-I-c-amb hkvXpX Ah Bi-b-hn-n-abw
S-Øp-∂Xv C≥{^m-tkm-Wn¬ i_vZ-X-cw-K-ß-fn-epsS
klm-b-Øm¬ BsW-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. 10 Hz˛pw -24
Hz˛pw Xmsg Bh¿Øn-bp≈ i_vZ-X-cw-K-ß-fm-Wn-h.
]e kμ¿`-ß-fnepw B-Iƒ CØcw i_vZ-ap-≠m-°p-
∂p. Cu i_vZ-߃ Intem-ao-‰-dp-Iƒ bm{X-sNbvXp
Bib hnn-abw S-Øp-∂p. [mcmfw ]®-∏p≈ ÿe-
ß-fn¬, shtΔsd n¬°p∂ B-I-fp-ambn Bib
hnn-abw S-Øm≥ CXp klm-b-I-am-Ip-∂p.
]q¿Æ-h-f¿®-sb-Ønb BWm-bv°p GXm≠v 20
hb- m-Ip-tºmƒ ""aZw s]m´¬'' Bcw-`n-°p-∂p. 40
Znhkw apX¬ Nne-t∏mƒ 5 amkw hsc aZ-∏mSv o≠p-
n¬°mw. ""sStÃm-Ã-tdm¨'' F∂ A¥¿{KŸn {kmh-
Øns‚ G‰-amWv aZ-∏m-Sn-p≈ Imc-Ww. Cu ka-bØv
BWm--Iƒ A{I-a-hm-k {]I-Sn-∏n-°pw. sNdnb
""Bh¿Øn''bp≈ (Frequency) K¿÷--ßfpw B-
Iƒ Cu kμ¿`-Øn¬ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°pw. aZ-∏m-Sp≈
sNdnb B-I-fpsS A{Ia kz`mhw {]mb-ap-≈-tXm,
{]_-etcm Bb a‰m--Iƒ hne-°pw. s]Æm--Iƒ°v
GI-tZiw 12 hb- m-Ip-tºmƒ CW-tN-cm-p≈
Xmev]cyw D≠m-Ip-∂p. CXv Dt±iw 16 BgvN-Iƒ hsc
o≠p-n¬°mw. CXns‚ Bi-b-hn-n-
abw C≥{^m-tkm-WnIv hgn S-Øp--p. IqSm-sX, CS-
bv°nsS s]Æm-, Cu ka-bØp S-Øp∂ aq{X
hnk¿÷--Øns‚ aWw aqehpw Bi-b-hn-n-abw
km≤y-am-°p-∂p.
ta®n¬ {]tZiw
B-Iƒ, 16 apX¬ 18 hsc aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ tabm≥
sNe-h-gn-°p-∂p. Hcp Znhkw Ahbv°v 200 apX¬ 250
hsc Pew Bh-iy-ap-≠v. Ch-bpsS Zl--i‡n hfsd
Ipd-hm-Wv. AXn-m¬ Blmc kºm-Z--Ønp hf-sc-
tbsd Ae-bp-∂p. B-°q-´-ß-fpsS ta®n¬ {]tZ-i-
ß-fpw, H‰bm-∑m-cpsS ta®n¬ {]tZ-i-ßfpw XΩn¬
hfsc hyXym-k-ap-≠v. B-°q-´-ß-fpsS ta®n¬
{]tZiw 50 apX¬ 400 hsc kvIzb¿ Intem-ao-‰¿
hym]n®p InS-°p-∂p-sh∂v ]T--߃ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.
B-I-fpsS kz`mh hnti-jw, Blmc e`y-X, Pe
e`yX F∂n-hsb B{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. aZ-∏m-Sp≈ B-
Iƒ°v a‰p-≈-h-tb-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ ta®n¬∏p-d-߃
D≠m-Ipw. AXp-sIm≠pXs∂ Ahsb ap-jy-cpsS
Bhm-k-tI-{μ-ß-fn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw ImWp-∂p. AXn-m¬
Ah hnf-hp-m-in-Iƒ F∂pw Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
ap-jym-hm-k-ß-fnse B-Iƒ
Gjy≥ B-I-fpsS Bhm-k-߃ Xp≠p-I-fmbn
InS-°p-∂p. Gjy≥ P-kw-Jy-bn¬ 20%tØmfw Bfp-
Iƒ h-ß-fntem AXn--SpØ {]tZ-i-ß-fntem Pohn-
..............................................................................................

31. 29Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 29Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
°p-∂p. ChnsS B-I-fp-ap-≠v. ap-jy¿ G¬]n-°p∂
kΩ¿±-ß-fp-ambn HØpt]mIm≥ Ch {ian-°p-∂p.
F∂n-cp-∂mepw Chn-sS-bp≈ B-I-fpsS kz`mh
sshin-jvSy-sØ-∏‰n A[nIw Adn-hn√m ap-jy-cpsS
{]h¿Ø--ß-fpsS BLmXw B-I-fpsS kwJysb
_m[n-®n-´p-≠v. Hfn™p-≈-th-´, h[w F∂nh B-I-
fpsS Pohs {]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _m[n-®n-´p-≠v. hm¬∏md
{]tZ-iØp S-Ønb ]T--ß-fn¬ n∂pw e`n® hnh-c-
a-p-k-cn-®v, ap-jy-cn¬ n∂p≈ D]-{Zhw nan-Øw,
B-Iƒ ]e-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ kz`mh sshin-jvSy-ßfpw
Im´p-∂p-≠t{X! B-Iƒ ChnsS tabp-∂-Xnv Ipd-®p-
k-a-bta sNe-hn-Sp-∂p-≈q. IqSp-X¬ kabw ap-jy-
cn¬ n∂pw c£-s∏-Sm≥ PmK-cq-I-cm-bn-cn-°pw. Cu kz`m-
h-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ Xncn-®-dn-b¬ B-Ifpw ap-jycpw
XΩn-ep≈ G‰p-ap-´¬ eLq-I-cn-°m-p-]-I-cn-°pw. Cu
Xncn-®-dn-b¬, B-I-fpsS kwc-£-Wn-Ønv hfsc
{]m[myw hln-°p-∂p.
mqbªcXiäoeãkav, MjCcÖh¥!
ImWn°bnS¬ {][mw
SnâebqóbgX ckjbfäTgofbmX ceùlceCx lecjXkgä~j ùMrOqîMem£ebfsv
jeùlfãfw aìùlèfvg hgJaèsTBgÿgúfTgÿlx. DnRejYtóflveã
ipbrjszÜ cgkäfw beoõaIeó~ägsë Dkêëfaãesë SBgÿúgÿ Yibevx
keCfTãqh¥fTgÿlx GÑfóxë kejõmeíõèfvx Gèccsùl. SBgÿúfh¥x
aìùlèfvkèx ùhabMfTgaêeW Y©pv~WTx keCfTãqh¥fTgbevgú mdkjõX Gçe-
ãfjfTgÿleCx. mqbªenRejYtóflveãf SBgÿúgÿ Yibesv kQkgäfqsT oqMfòªx keCf-
Tãqh¥fòªx mdYeiõX avëgbez Y©pv~WTx bqóèfsnejg ùhebMõX ceùlX kfögÿ Dbm-
jceCflx.
..................................

33. 31Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 31Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
tUm. Pbv°_v hn. Noc≥
A¥¿t±-iob Xe-Øn¬
{]kn-≤-mb m´m
]cn-io-e-I-pw,
]cn-]m-e-I-pw.
Xriq¿ sh‰n-dn
tImtf-Pnse
ap≥ s{]m^-k¿
Rmsmcp Im´m
Ccp-]-sØm∂p amk-Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ AΩ-bpsS K¿`-]m-{X-Øn¬
InS-∂mWv Rm≥ ]pd-Øp-h-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ Fnbv°p Hcp ao‰¿
s]m°hpw 100 Intem Xq°hpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
Fs∂ {]k-hn-°p∂ ka-bØv AΩ-bpsS Np‰pw AΩm-bn-amcpw
apØ-»n-amcpw Hs° D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. BI-∏msS Hcp D’-hw-t]mse Bbn-
cp-∂p.
Pn-®-Xn-p-tijw GXmpw ann-´p-Iƒ°Iw Rm≥ ape-∏m¬ IpSn-
°m≥ {ian-®p. BZy-sams° IjvSn®p Ac-an-n-t‰mfta IpSn-°m≥ Ign-
™n-cp-∂p-≈q. ]ns∂-∏ns∂ hen®p IpSn-°m-p≈ t]in-I-fpsS i‡n-
h¿≤n-®-tXmsS IqSp-X¬ kabw IpSn-°m≥ XpS-ßn.
P--k-a-bØp th®p-th®p S-∂n-cp∂ Rm≥ c≠p Znhkw Ign-
bpw-tºm-tgbv°pw Imep-Iƒ ne-Øp-d®p Nhp-´m≥ km[n-°p∂ hn[-Øn-
em-bn. ]‰-tØm-sSm∏w S-°m≥ {]m]vX-m-Ip-∂-Xp-hsc ]‰w A[nIw AI-
e-tØ°p t]mImsX Ccp-∂n-cp-∂p. AXp-t]mseXs∂ Rß-fn¬ B¿s°-
¶nepw AkpJw h∂m¬ S-°m≥ _p≤n-ap-´m-bm¬ Gsd kabw Np‰pw
n¬°p-Ibpw FWo-∏n-°m≥ klm-bn-°p-Ibpw BtcmKyw hos≠-Sp-
Øm¬ SØw XpS-cp-Ibpw sNøpw. Rmsmcp Nm]n-≈-bm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬
AΩ-bpsS k¶Sw hfsc hep-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. ihw adhp sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse
Nm]n-≈-bpsS ico-c-Øn¬ aÆpw Ce-Ifpw C´p-aq-Sp-hm-mbn {ian-°pw.
Fn°p Hcp An-btm An-b-Øntbm D≠m-I-W-sa-¶n¬ Npcp-
ßn-bXv 4˛41-/2 h¿jw ]nSn-°pw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv kv{XoI-fn¬ Ip´n-Iƒ
XΩn-ep≈ hf-sc-Iq-Sp∂ Ah-k-c-ß-fn¬ kv{XoI-sf-°pdn®p B-{]-
khw F∂p-]-d-bp-∂-Xv.
.......................................................................................................

35. 33Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 33Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
B-∏-‰-Øns‚ IqsS Hcp XSm-I-Øn¬ sh≈w-
Ip-Sn-°m≥ R߃ t]mbn. sh≈-Øn¬ FSpØp-NmSn
aZn-°m≥ XpS-ßnb Fs∂ apXn¿∂-h¿ XSp-Øp.
""sh≈w Ie-°msX. BZyw IpSn-°mw, sXfn-o-cmbn
Ccn-°p-tºmƒX-s∂. ]n∂oSv ap°p sh≈-Øn¬
Cdßn Ipfn®p aZn-°mw.''
Rß-fpsS bm{X-bn¬ Hcp ]pg IS-t°-≠n-h-∂p.
At∏mƒ Ip´n-bm--bmb Fs∂ Sp-hn¬ ndpØn
henb B Hgp°ns‚ hi-Øpw, Aev]w hep∏w
Ipd™ Bsb IogvhiØpw ndp-ØnbpamWv
A°sc IS-Øn-b-Xv.
th¬°mew h∂-t∏mƒ ]pg h‰n hc-≠p. Rß-
fn¬ apXn¿∂h¿ ]pg-bpsS ]e-`m-KØpw Imep-Iƒ
Aa¿Øn-∏n-Sn-®p. Imep-I-fn¬ {ihWi‡n-bp≈
R߃°p aÆn--Sn-bnse oscm-gp°p {ihn-°m≥ Ign-
bpw. Nne jUv]-Z-߃°pw Cu Ign-hp-Iƒ D≠-s{X.
AhnsS Ipgn®p R߃ sh≈w IpSn-bv°pw. XpS¿∂p
a‰p arK-ßfpw B sh≈w IpSn-°pw.
AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ neØp Aa¿Øn®-hp´n Bi-
b-hn-n-abw S-Øp-∂-Xnpw ]pdta ap-jy¿°p
tIƒ°m≥ Ign-bmØ Xc-Øn-ep≈ i_vZ-X-cw-K-ß-fn-
em-Wv. A©p sl¿Svknpw 24
sl¿Svknpw CS-bv°p≈ Cu Xcw-K-߃ Im´nse ac-
߃°pw a‰pw CS-bn-eqsS Intem-ao-‰-tdmfw k©-cn-°p-
∂p. {]Ir-Xn-bn¬ CSn-ap-g-°w, `qan-Ip-ep°w F∂nh
D≠m-Ip-tºm-gmWv CØcw i_vZw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. AXp-
sIm≠v `qan-Ip-ep°w R߃°p tc-sØ-Xs∂ Imep-
sIm≠pw A√m-tXbpw Adn-bmw. AIte n∂pw
B¿Øp-e-®p-h-cp∂ Xnc-am-e-I-fpsS i_vZhpw
R߃°-dn-bmw. s]s´-∂p≈ sh≈-s∏m-°-Øn¬
n∂pw (flash flord) kpm-an-bn¬ n∂pw AXp Rßsf
c£n-°pw.
Imense sNhn-I-sf-°p-dn®p Kth-jWw SØn
I≠p-]n-Sn-®Xv ao-_n-b-bnse Ct°m-W¬ (O’connel)
F∂ Kth-j-I-bm-Wv. AXp-t]mse Xs∂ Rß-fpsS
A]q¿Δ i_vZ-X-cw-K-ß-sf-°p-dn®p Kth-jWw S-Øn-
bXv ImX-do≥ ss]≥ (Catherine Pyne) F∂ Kth-j-I-
bm-Wv. Ah¿ AXn-s-°p-dn®p ""i_vZ-an-√mØ CSn''
(Silent thunder) F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp ]pkvXIw Fgp-Xn.
Im´p-ar-K-߃°n-√mØ XqWp-t]m-ep≈ Imep-Iƒ D≈-
Xp-sIm≠v n∂p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Dd-ßm≥ Ign-bp-∂p.
hfsc ]cn-N-bhpw hnizm-khpw D≈ ÿe-Øp-am-{Xta
R߃ InS-∂p-d-ßm-dp-≈q. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ B-
In-S-∂p-d-ßp-∂Xv I≠n-´p-≈-h¿ hfsc°pd-hm-Wv.
£oWw h∂m¬ Hcp acw-Nmcn R߃ Dd-ßpw. m´n¬
........................................................................................

37. 35Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 35Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
Hcp B tcmKw-h∂v 18 amkw acw-Nmcn Dd-ßn-bXv nß-
fn¬ Nne-sc-¶nepw tI´n-cn-°pw.
Hcp ÿe-Øp-n∂pXs∂ Xo‰ FSp-Øm¬ Ahn-
sS-bp≈ kky-e-Xm-Xn-Iƒ in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-m¬
R߃ kZm- S∂p Xn∂p-Ibpw Zo¿L-Zqcw k©-cn-
°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Cu k©m-c-]-Y-ßsf B-tØ-cn-
Iƒ F∂p ap-jy¿ ]d-bp-∂p. Iq´-Øn¬ G‰hpw
{]mbw-Iq-Snb apØ-»n-bmWv Rß-fpsS tXm-hv.
Ah¿°m-Wt√m Xo‰n-sh≈w apX-em-b-h-sb-°p-dn®p
IqSp-X¬ Adn-hv.
Rß-fpsS ktlm-Z-c-߃ 14-˛15 hbkv BIp-
tºmƒ Iq´w-hn-Sp-∂p. _‘p-°ƒ XΩn¬ CW-tN-cmsX
Ccn-°p-∂-Xn-m-Ws{X CXv. Cßs t]mIp∂ sNdp-∏-
°m¿ IqSn-t®¿∂v Ahn-hm-ln-X-cpsS Iq´mbva (Bach-
elor herds) D≠m-°p-∂p.
ape-IpSn 3˛4 hb- p-hsc XpS-cpw. Xt∂bpa√ ]‰-
Øn¬ ]mep≈ BcpsS ape-bn¬ n∂pw R߃°p
IpSn-°mw. Ipd-®p-apºv {]mbw sN∂ Hcp ]nSn-bm
Am-Y-bm-b, ape-Ip-Sn-am-dmØ Hcp B-°p-´nsb
Im´n¬ n∂pw hw-h-Ip-∏ns‚ B Iymºn-te°v
(Camp)sIm≠p-h-∂p. AhnsS ape-sIm-Sp-°p∂ AΩ-
am¿ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Xan-gvm-´nse a‰p-ae B-tI-{μ-Øn-
emWv CXv kw`-hn-®-Xv.
Xo‰bv°p Ipd-hp-h-cp∂ ImeØp ]‰w ]e-Xmbn
]ncn-bp-∂p. ho≠pw agbpw Xo‰nbpw IqSp-tºmƒ ]‰w
H∂n°p-∂p. Nn∂w-hn-fnbpw neØp Nhn-´n-bpw, ap-
jy¿ ssI sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xnp kam--amb XpºnssI
as‰mcp B-bpsS hmbn¬ sImSpØv kt¥m-jn-°p-
∂p.
IqSmsX B-I-fpsS ap≥Im-ense J-Øns‚
sXm´p-ap-I-fn-ep-≈-Xpw, Ωƒ hnb¿∏p-t]mse ImWp-
∂-Xp-am-b, `mKØp aW-°p-∂p. AhnsS Hcp {]tXy-I-
K‘w (Pheromone) Ahbv°p e`n-°p-∂p.
ImgvN-i-‡n-tb-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ R߃°p
{ihW i‡n-bmWv IqSp-X¬. AXp-sIm≠v Rßsf
N° tamjvSm-°-fmbn ImWp-∂p. ImgvN i‡n Ipd-hm-
b-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Im‰ns‚ KXn-a-- n-em-°n, {]tXy-In®p
th´-°m¿, Rß-fpsS hfsc ASp-Øp-hsc hcp-hm≥
km[n-°p-∂-Xv. aZ-Im-eØp ]nSn-bm--Iƒ°p {]Xy£
e£-W-߃ Ipd-hm-sW-¶nepw aq{X-Øn¬ Hcp
{]tXyI K‘w hnk¿÷n-°p-∂p. Cu K‘w (Phero-
mone) B¨ B Xpºn-sIm≠v FSpØv hmbnse apI-
fnse AÆm-°nse ]-sm-°p-t]m-ep≈
...........................................................................................................................................................................

39. 37Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 37Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
Hcp {KŸn-hgn a- n-em-°p-∂p. an-Imew icn-bm-
sW∂p a- n-em-°nb BWm Imap-Insb hnfn-°p-
∂p. ]‰-Øn¬n∂p AI∂p amdn 3˛4 Znhkw CW-tN-
cp-∂p. CW tN¿∂ kabw ann-‰p-Iƒ am{Xta FSp-
°p-I-bp≈q F¶nepw Znh-k-Øn¬ ]e-{]m-hiyw CW-
tN-cp-∂p. km[m-cW mevIm-en-I-sf-t]mse Xs∂-bmWv
CW-tN-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ ]nSn-bpsS {]Xyp¬∏m-Z
_mly-Im-hm-S-Øn-te°p BWm--bpsS IW (enw-Kw)
IS-Øm≥ klm-bn-°p∂ Hcp {]tXyI amwk-t]-in-X-
s∂-bp-≠v. Cu t]in a‰p arK-ß-fn¬ C√. {]khw
Hcp IpSpw_ kw`-h-am-sW-¶n¬ CW-tN-c¬ Hcp
kzImcy kwK-Xn-bm-Wv. a‰p arK-ß-fnset]mse-Xs∂
R߃°pw Nne CW-Isf IqSp-X¬ CjvS-am-Wv.
mbv°-sf-t∏mse CW-tN-cp-hm-mbn {]tXyI amk-ß-
sfm-∂p-an-√.
Htc ka-bØp R߃°p c≠p AW-∏-√p-Iƒ
am{X-amWv D≈-Xv. Ah hcp-∂Xv memw amkw, Bdmw
amkw, 3 hb- v, 6 hb- v, 20 hb- v, 40 hb v F∂o
Ime-ß-fn-em-Wv. ]√p-Iƒ s]mgn™p t]mIp-∂-Xnp
]I-cw, ]pXnb ]√p-Iƒ ]n∂n¬n∂pw ]pXnb ]√p-
Iƒ ap∂nse ]√ns X≈n-am-‰p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. ]√v
s]mgn-™p-t]m-bm¬ ]√n-√mØ Hcp Ahÿ D≠m-Ip-
a-t√m. Ah-kmw 40-˛mw hb- n¬ hcp∂ ]√v 60˛mw
hb v BIp-tºm-tgbv°pw tX™n-cn-
°pw. ]n∂oSv Im´nse Xo‰n-I-sfm∂pw Ign-°m≥ ]‰mØ
Ahÿ hcp-∂p.
Im´nse ]p√v, Ce-Iƒ, h≈n-Iƒ, sXmen-Iƒ (bark)
F∂n-ßs qdn¬∏cw kky-e-Xm-Xn-I-fmWv Rß-fpsS
Xo‰n. Im´nse F√m X´n-ep≈ (tier) kky-em-Xm-Xn-Ifpw
R߃ Ign-°pw. Blmcw ]mIw-sNbvXv sImSp-°p-∂-
Xp-sIm-≠mWv m´nse B-Iƒ IqSp-X¬ Imew Pohn-
°p-∂-Xv. CuønsS 86 hb- p≈ Hcp KP-ap-Ø-»n-sb-
°p-dn®p ]{X-ß-fn¬ hm¿Ø h∂n-cp-∂p-h-t√.
]pXp-Xmbn hcp∂ ]√p-I-fnse hc-ºp-I-fpsS
(ridges) FÆhpw IqSn-IqSn hcp-∂p. BZysØ ]√p-
I-fn¬ 4˛5 hc-ºp-Iƒ BsW-¶n¬ mem-asØ ]√n¬
20-˛29 hsc hc-ºp-Iƒ ImWmw. IogvØmSn-bn¬ ta¬Xm-
Sn-bnse hc-ºp-I-tf-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ D≠m-Ipw.
Imap-In-°p-th-≠n-bp≈ bp≤hpw Rß-fn¬
A]q¿Δ-a-√. c≠p aq∂p Znh-k-ß-tfmfw Nnet∏mfXp
o≠p-n¬°pw. sImºpw tamg-bp-amb bp≤-Øn¬
sImº≥Xs∂ Pbn-°-W-sa-∂n-√. tXmt‰mSp∂ B-bpsS
]rjvT-Øn¬ at‰ B Hcp IpØpw h®p-sIm-Sp-°pw.
tXm‰p hmep-s]m°n HmSp∂ Imap-Is‚ hmepw Nne-t∏mƒ
ISn-s®-Sp-°pw. n߃ Im´n¬ hcp-tºmƒ hmep-ap-dn™
Hcp BWm-sb I≠m¬ an°-hmdpw Ah≥ Hcp ]cm-Pn-
X-mb Imap-I≥ Bhm-mWv km≤y-X.
............................................................................................

41. 39Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 39Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
B
F^n-e‚ntU (Elephantidae) F∂ IpSpw-_-Øn-emWv Ic-bnse
G‰hpw henb P¥p-hmb B Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Cu IpSpw-_-Øn-ep≈
c≠p hyXykvX Pp- p-I-fmWv ""Fen-^mkv'' (Elephas)Dw temIvtkm-
tUm¨Um (Loxodonta)bpw. ""C¥y≥ B'' F∂v ÿnc-ambn ]d-™p-
h-cp∂ ""Gjy≥ B'' (Elephas maximus) Fen-^mkv F∂ Pp- nepw
B{^n-°≥ B (Loxodonta Africane) temIvtkm-tUm¨Um Pp- n-ep-
amWv Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
]Sn-™msd sat m-s∏m-t´m-an-b-bnse bq{^m-´o-kv-˛-ssS-{Knkv Zn
apX¬ Gjy-bpsS a‰p {]tZ-i-ß-fn-epw, C≥tUm ssN, ae-b, {ioe-¶,
kpam-{X, Pmh, ssN-bpsS bmwKvkv Znhsc-bp≈ {]tZ-i-ß-fnepw Hcp
ImeØv Gjy≥ B-Isf I≠n-cp-∂p. C∂n-t∏mƒ C≥Uy, t∏mƒ,
`q´m≥, aym∑m¿, _w•m-tZ-iv, bqm≥ {]nk¿Δv (ssN--bn¬), {ioe-¶,
ate-jy, kpam-{X, Xmbve‚ v hnb-‰vmw, Iwt_m-Un-b, emthm-kv,
t_m¿Wntbm Zzo]v F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-embn am{Xw Cu B-Iƒ I≠p-h-cp-
∂p. Hcp q‰m-≠p-apºv 2 e£-tØm-f-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ Gjy≥ B-I-fpsS
FÆw C∂v Aøm-bn-c-tØm-f-ambn Ipd-™p- Im-Wp-∂p.
C≥Uy-bn¬ sX°v`m-Kw, a[y-`mKw, hS-°v ]-Sn-™m-dv, hS°v Ing°v
taJ-e-I-fn-em-bmWv B-Iƒ I≠p-h-cp-∂-Xv. Bhmk hyh-ÿm-tim-j-
Ww, XpS¿®-bmb Bhmk hyh-ÿ-bn-ep-≠mb hnS-hp-Iƒ, ap≥Im-e-
ß-fnse B ]nS-Øw, B-th´ F∂o LS-I-ß-fmWv Ic-bnse G‰hpw
Fkv. cm[m-Ir-jvW≥
sU]yq´n Ub-d-IvS¿,
ssh¬Uv sse^v
FUyp-t°-j≥,
tIcf t^mdÃv &
ssh¬Uv sse^v
Un∏m¿´vsa‚ v
.........................................................................................

43. 41Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 41Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
henb P¥p-hmb Cu B-I-fpsS FÆ-Ønse timj-
W-Ønv {][m Imc-Ww. C∂v hwi-m-i-`o-jWn tcn-
Sp∂ Hcp hy Pohn-bmWv ""Gjy≥ B'' AYhm
""C¥y≥ B''.
hy-Pohn kwc-£-W-Øn¬ mgn-I-I-√mb 1980-˛se
t^mdÃv I¨k¿th-j≥ BIvSv, 1986-˛se F≥h-
tbm¨sa‚¿ s{]m´-£≥ BIvSv, 1985-˛se mj-W¬
ssh¬Up-sse^v B£≥ πm≥, 2002-˛se I¨k¿th-
j≥ Hm^v _tbm-ssU-th-gvkn‰n BIvSv XpS-ßnb nb-
a-]-cn-c-£-Iƒ ssPh-ssh-hn[y kwc-£-W-Øn¬ {]tXy-
In®v B Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ hy-Po-hn-I-fpsS kwc-£-W-
Øn¬ FSp-Øp-]-d-b-Ø° kzm[ow sNep-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.
hf-sc-tbsd kwc-£W {]m[m-y-a¿ln-°p-∂-Xn-
m¬, {]IrXn kwc-£-W-Øn-m-bp≈ A¥¿tZ-iob
bqWn-b-n¬ (IUCN) 1986-˛¬ Xs∂ ""Endangered'' F∂
]´n-I-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠pw, B-I-fpsS hym]m-
c-Ønp hne°v Iev]n-°p-∂-Xn-m-bn, cq]w-sIm≠ hwi-
miw tcn-Sp∂ hy-Pohn hym]m-c-Øn-p≈ A¥¿tZ-
iob DS-ºSnbmb CITES˛s‚ Ap-_‘w I (Appendix
I)-˛¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠pw, C≥Uy≥ hy-Pohn
(kw-c-£-W) nbaw 1972-˛se H∂mw ]´n-I-bn¬ (“Sched-
ule I”) Dƒs°m-≈n-®pw, Gjy≥ B-I-fpsS kwc-£-
W-Ønv tZiob A¥¿tZ-iob nb-am-[n-jvTnX ]cn-
c£ Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂p.
km[m-cW S-∏n-em-°n-h-cp∂ h Bhm-k-hy-
hÿm ]cn-]m-e--߃°p-]p-dta B-I-sfbpw Ah-
bpsS Bhmk hyh-ÿ-bp-sSbpw kwc-£-Ww, ap-
jy-˛-h-y-Pohn kwL¿j-Ww eLq-I-cn-°p-I, m´m
kwc-£Ww Dd-∏m-°p-I, F∂o Dt±-i-ß-tfmsS `mcX
k¿°m¿ 1992-˛¬ {]Jym-]n®p S-∏n-em-°n-h-cp∂ Hcp
]≤-Xn-bmWv ""t{]mPIvSv Fen-^‚ v'' kwc-£-W-Øn-
mbn B Bhm-k-hy-h-ÿ-bp-sS-bpw, B k©m-c-
]-Y-ß-fp-sSbpw ]cn-]m-e {]h¿Ø--߃, B th´
XS-bp-∂-Xn-m-bp≈ kwc-£W {]h¿Ø--߃,
Im´pXo kwc-£W {]h¿Ø--߃, ap-jy-˛-B
kwL¿jWw eLq-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-p≈ {]h¿Ø--߃,
Bhmk hyh-ÿ-bn-te-°p≈ ap-jy-cpsS BLmXw
Ipd-bv°p-∂-Xn-mbn Ah-cpsS Poh-tm-]m[n sa®-s∏-
Sp-Øp∂ Ct°m-U-h-e-∏vsa‚ v {]h¿Ø--߃, s]mXp-
P--ß-fn¬ Ah-t_m[w krjvSn-°¬, h-kw-c-£W
]cn-io-e--˛-K-th-jW {]h¿Ø--߃, sh‰n-dn-dn ]cn-
c£ F∂nh ta¬kq-Nn-∏n® t{]mPIvSv Fen-^‚ v ]≤-
Xn-bn¬ hn`m-hw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
...........................................................................................................................................................................

45. 43Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 43Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
tZiob ss]Xr-I-arKw F∂-Xn-ep-]cn tIcf
kwÿm--Øns‚ HutZym-KnI arKw IqSn-bmb B-
bpsS kwc-£-W-Øn-mbn tIc-f-Øn¬, t{]mPIvSv Fen-
^‚ v ]≤-Xn-bpsS Iogn¬ mev Fen-^‚ v dnk¿Δp-Iƒ
{]Jym-]n-®n-´p-≠v. 02-˛04-˛2002-˛se No. (P) 19/2002/FQWLD
{]Im-c-am-Wv Cu Fen-^‚ v dnk¿Δp-Iƒ ne-hn¬ h∂-
Xv. Ch hb-mSv Fen-^‚ v dnk¿Δv (1200 N.-In.-ao.
hnkvXr-Xn), ne-ºq¿ Fen-^‚ v dnk¿Δv (1419 N.-In.-ao.
hnkvXr-Xn), B-apSn Fen-^‚ v dnk¿Δv (3728 N.-In.-
ao. hnkvXr-Xn), s]cn-bm¿ Fen-^‚ v dnk¿Δv (3742 N.-
In.-ao. hnkvXr-Xn) F∂n-h-bmWv tIc-f-Ønse Fen-^‚ v
dnk¿Δp-Iƒ hy‡-ambn FgpXn Xøm-dm°n AwKo-I-
cn-°-s∏´ amt-Pvsa‚ v πmp-I-fnse hyh-ÿ-Iƒ°p-
kr-X-am-bn-´mWv hyXy-kvX-ß-fmb Cu Fen-^‚ v
dnk¿Δp-I-fnse ]cn-]m-e {]h¿Ø--߃ S-Øn-h-
cp-∂-Xv. h-ta-J-e-bnse Hcp `q{]-tZ-isØ samØ-
Øn¬ IW-°n-se-Sp-ØmWv (Land scape level) Cu Fen-
^‚ v dnk¿Δp-Iƒ ho-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Hmtcm Fen-^‚ v
dnk¿Δnepw hy-Pohn kt¶-X--߃, tZiob DZym--
߃, sSdn-t´m-dn-b¬ h-˛-Un-hn-j-p-Iƒ F∂nh
Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-´p-≠m-Ipw.
Im´m--I-sf-t∏mse Xs∂ kwc-£-W-Øn¬
{]m[myw A¿ln-°p-∂-h-bmWv m´m--I-fpw. hy-Po-
hn(-kw-c-£-W) nbaw 1972-˛s‚ ASn-ÿm--Øn¬ `mc-
X-Øn¬ BZy-ambn ΩpsS kwÿm-Øv 2003-˛¬
m´m ]cn-]m-e N´w n¿Ωn-®p. Kerala
........................................................................................................
Captive Elephant (Management & Maintenance) Rule 2003
F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Cu N´-Øn¬ m´m--I-fpsS Xmakw
{Ib-hn-{I-bw, kwc-£-Ww, Blm-cw, Btcm-Ky-]-cn-N-c-
Ww, bm{X-sN-øn-°¬, ]Wn-sb-Sp-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-p≈ am¿§
tcJ-Iƒ D’-h-ß-fnepw a‰pw ]s¶-Sp-∏n-°p-tºmƒ ]men-
t°≠ hyh-ÿ-Iƒ XpS-ßnb F√m ]cn-]m-e
{]h¿Ø--ß-fp-sSbpw nb-{¥Ww nb-a-hn-t[-b-ambn
Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-´p-≠v.
ImSn-p-≈nepw hm-Xn¿ØnIfn-ep≈ P-hmk
tI{μ-ß-fnepw H‰s∏-´p-t]m-Ip∂ Im´m--I-fpsS kwc-
£-Whpw ]p-c-[n-hm-k-hpw, AXp-t]mse {]mbm-[n-Iy-
Ønepw AkpJw XpS-ßnb Imc-W-ß-fmepw ]m∏m-
∑mcpsS A{i-≤-aqew apdn-th¬°p-∂-Xn-mepw Dt]-£n-
°-s∏-Sp∂ m´m--I-fp-sSbpw kwc-£-Whpw ]p-c-[n-
hm-khpw e£y-an-´p-sIm≠v kwÿm-Øv B ]p-
c-[n-hmk tI{μ-߃ Xpd-∂n-´p-≠v. Xncp-h--¥-]pcw Pn√-
bn¬ tIm´q¿ ÿnXn sNøp∂ B ]p-c-
[nhmktI{μw CXnv Hcp DØ-a- DZm-l-c-W-am-Wv. Im´m-
-Iƒ°pw m´m--Iƒ°pw kzm`m-hnI Bhmk hyh-
ÿ-bn¬ Hcp ]p-c-[n-hm-k-tI{μw F∂-XmWv ChnsS
km[y-am-Ip-∂-Xv.
Irjn°pw kzØnpw miw-hn-X-°p∂ Im´m--Isf
tcn´v Ahsb XpcØn Im´n-te°v Ib‰n hnSm-p-ambn
Rapid Response Team ({ZpX {]Xn-I-cW tk/kwLw)
cq]o-I-cn®v kwÿm-Øv {]h¿Øn-®p-h-cp-∂p.

47. 45Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 45Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
]Zva{io tUm: F.-sP.-Sn. tPm¨knßv
tNy¿ I¨k¿th-j≥ ^ut≠-j≥,
ssakq¿
Hcp C¥y≥ imkv{X-⁄-m¬, kzX-{¥-cmbn
hnl-cn-°p∂ hy-Po-hn-I-sf-°p-dn®p≈ KthjWw
C¥y-bn¬ Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. 1970˛I-fpsS {]mcw-`-Øn¬
tUm. tPm¨knw-Kns‚ Im´p-m-bv°-sf-°p-dn-®p≈
]T--Øn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. `mc-X-Ønse G‰hpw apXn¿∂
hy-Pohn imkv{X-⁄-∑m-cn¬ Hcmfmb Ct±lw
]Zva{io Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ AwKo-Im-c-߃ Xs‚
{]K¤ kw`m-h--I-fn-eqsS ssIh-cn-®n-´p-≠v. C¥y-
bn¬ BZy-ambn tdUntbm tImf¿L-Sn-∏n®v B-I-
sf-°p-dn®v S∂ Npcp°w Nne-K-th-j-W-ß-fn-sem∂v
Ct±-l-Øn-s‚-Xm-Wv. A©v ]Xn-‰m≠po≠ Xs‚
Kth-jW A≤ym-]-I-hr-Øn-bn-eqsS At±lw
AtIw hy-Po-hnimkv{X⁄ Xe-ap-d-Isf
hm¿sØ-Sp-Øn-´p-≠v. Cu 70Ifnepw ae-I-b-‰hpw
bm{X-Ifpw Fgp-Øp-ambn kPo-h-{]-h¿Ø--Øn¬
G¿s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ At±-l-Øns‚ ]pkvI-ßfpw Cu
taJ-e-bn¬ hfsc {]i-kvX-am-Wv.
B-I-fp-sam-Øp≈
Fs‚ Zn-߃
XpS-°-°mew.
B sImº≥, oe-Kncn tm¿Øv t^mdÃv
Unhn-js‚ "NoX¬ hm°n'v kao-]-Øp≈ hmg-
ssX-tØm-´sØ knKp¿ Acphn Cdßn hcp∂
Xmgv`m-K-Øns‚ heXp hisØ Ic-bn¬ n∂v,
sh≈w IpSn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. 1975 XpS-°-Ønse
Hcp a≤ym-”w. Xmgvhc-bn¬ At∏m-gpw, Im‰v hoip-
∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. CS-Xp-h-isØ Ic-`m-KØp IqsS
sNcp-∏p-an´v S-°p-tºm-gm-bn-cp∂p Rm≥ B
sImºs {i≤n-®-Xv. Ic-bn¬ CS-Xq¿∂v s]m°-
Øn¬ hf¿∂p ]¥-en® apfwImSp-I-fp-≈-Xp-sIm-
≠v, Ah≥ ImWmsX Rm≥ ad-™p-n-∂p. tUm¬
t{]mP-IvSns‚ `mK-ambn In´nb iº-f-Øn-sm-∏-
ap≈ IymadsIm≠v Rm≥ h-Øn¬ BI¿j-I-
amb hkvXp-°-fpsS Nn{X-߃ FSp-Øn-cp-∂p. (bp.-
F-kv.-F.-bnse tUm. ssa°¬ t^mIvkntm-sSm-
∏-am-bn-cp∂p ]T-w.)
A∂v Rm≥ Fs‚ Iyma-d-bn¬ 400 ASABW
^nenw nd-®n-cp-∂p. Xs∂-bp-a√ ImSn--p-tbm-Py-
amb hkv{Xhpw [cn-®n-cp-∂p. Acp-hn- GXm≠v 15
ao‰¿ hoXn-bp-≈Xpw, sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb ]md-
Iƒ nd-™-Xpambn-cp-∂p. Hcp]t£ sImº-m
.......................................................................................................

49. 47Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 47Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
]m™p-h-∂m¬ Cu I√p-Iƒ Ahs‚ k©mcw aμ-K-
Xn-bn-em-°p-sa∂v Icp-Xn. sXfn-a-bm¿∂ Nn{X-߃ FSp-
°m≥ apfw-Im-´n¬ n∂p Rm≥ ]pd-Øp-h-∂p. B-
Iƒ°v {]tXy-In®pw {]mb-am-b-h-bv°v, Zqc-°mgvN Ipd-
hm-sW∂v Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. ]t£, Cu sImº≥
Fs∂ I≠-Xpw, sh≈w IpSn-°p-∂-Xp-n¿Øn AZv`p-
X-]q¿Δ-amb thK-X-tbmsS ]md-°q-´-߃°v apI-fn-eqsS
Fs‚ t¿°p ]m™p-h-∂p. n∂n-S-Øp-Xs∂ sNcp∏v
Dt]-£n®v tUm¬Iƒ th´-bm-Sp∂ amns‚ thK-Øn¬
HmSn 200 ao‰¿ AI-se-bp≈ ""NoX¬ hm°n''s‚ kpc-
£n-X-Xz-Øn¬ FØn-t®¿∂p. Hm´-Øn-n-S-bn¬ Xncn-™p-
tm-°n-b-t∏mƒ I≠Xv, F‚ v sNcp∏v InS-∂n-SØv B
n¬°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Hcp]t£ Cu hkvXp-°ƒ AXns‚
{i≤-Xn-cn-°p-am-bn-cn-°pw. ]n∂oSv aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ°p-
tijw Rm≥ ]Xps° Fs‚ sNcp∏v InS-∂n-S-Øp-
t]mbn Ah tiJ-cn-®p. B-Iƒ km[m-cW KXn-bn¬
ap-jy¿ Dt]-£n-°p∂ hkvXp-°ƒ FSpØv Ifn-°p-
I-tbm, sIm≠p-t]m-hp-Itbm sNtø-≠-Xn-p-]-Icw
AhnsS Dt]-£n-®Xv Fs∂ A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øn.
1973 apX¬ 1975 hsc-bp≈ Ime-b-f-hn¬ A©v
amkw Rm≥ ""NoX¬ hm°n¬'' Xma-kn-®p. ""NoX¬
hm°v'', A¥-cn® {]IrXn kvtln-bpw, h-c-£-I-p-
amb C.-B¿.-kn. Zmhn-Zm¿ F∂ h°o¬ hmcm-¥-ß-
fn¬ Xma-kn-®n-cp∂ ÿe-am-Wv. knKp¿ Zn°p kao-
]-am-bn-cp-∂-Xn-m¬ AhnsS B-Iƒ ÿnc-ambn hcp-
am-bn-cp-∂p. tUmfp-Iƒ°m-bp≈ Fs‚
Atz-jWw Im¬-S-bm-bn-´m-b-Xn-m¬ an°-t∏mgpw
B-I-sfbpw Rm≥ I≠p-ap´n-bn-cp-∂p. CXm-bn-cp∂p
Im´m--bp-am-bp≈ Fs‚ BZy Ap-`-hw. hfsc t]Sn-
tbmSpw _lp-am--tØm-Sp-am-bn-cp∂p A∂v Rm≥
Bsb kao-]n-®-Xv. Ime-{I-taW H‰bv°v S-°mpw
B-bpsS Zni
-a-- n-em°n AXns Hgnhm-°mpap≈ Ignhv Rm≥
D≠m-°n. AXn-p-tijw hy-Pohn kwc-£-I-s∂
Fs‚ tPmen-°nsS nc-h[n Ah-k-c-߃, cmPy-Øn-
-tßmfantßm-fw, B-Isf nco-£n-°m-≥ e`n-®p. B
B Ap-`-h-߃ ]n∂oSv Fn°v apX¬°q-´mbv
Xo¿∂p.
_μn-∏q¿ Zn-߃
Fs‚ Pohn-X-Ønse Hcp {it≤-b-amb Ime-b-fhv
F∂Xv ]n.-F-®v.-Un.-°m-bp≈ tUmƒ ]T--Ønpth≠n
_μn-∏q¿ ssSK¿ kwc-£nX {]tZ-iØv (1976-˛78) Xma-
kn® c≠v h¿j-ß-fm-Wv. B kwc-£n-X-hw Gjy≥
B-I-fpsS Xmh-f-am-Wv. Chn-sSbpw kwc-£nX taJ-
e-bnse (40 kvIzb¿ Intem-ao-‰¿ hnkvXo¿Æw) {]th-
i-m-p-a-Xn-bp≈ `mKØv S-Ønb Fs‚ ]T--߃
S-∂p-Xs∂ sNbvX-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-m¬ B-Isf
nco-£n-°m≥ nc-h[n Ah-k-c-߃ e`n-®ncp-∂p. B-
I-fp-am-bp≈ I≠p-ap-´¬ XpSsc D≠m-Ip-∂Xpaqew ac-
Øn¬ Ibdn c£-s∏-tS-≠n-h-cp-∂-Xn-m¬ Rm≥
Ft∏mgpw h≈ns®-cp∏v am{Xw [cn-®p. CØ-c-Ønse
sNcp∏v hen-®qcn Fdn™v ·-]m-Z-mbv HmSn-°-b-dm≥
.....................................................................................................

51. 49Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 49Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
klm-bn-®p. Fs‚ ]T--ß-fn¬ DS-ofw Fs‚ IqsS
D≠m-bn-cp∂ Io®Æ F∂ Ipdp-º-tKm-{X-h¿§ klmbn
Hcp i‡n tI{μhpw Adn-hns‚ tkm{X- p-am-bn-cp-∂p.
""sS¿an-m-enb s_te-dn°v'' ac-®p-h-´nsebpw ©--]pc
tItc(Ip-fw)Ønse sXm´v sX°p≈ as‰mcp ""sS¿an-
m-enb s_te-dn°v'' (C-∂n-√) Ic-Øn-te-bpw, Icn-K-cp-
ts´ (Ip-fw) Ing-°p≈ henb ....... ac-Øn-tebpw shSn-
h-bv°m-p≈ Hfnk-t¶Xw arK-ßsf ImØv Ccn-°mpw
nco-£n-°m-p≈ Fs‚bpw {]nb-s∏´ ÿe-am-bn-cp-∂p.
aÆp-Ip-g-®p-sI´n Sn∂p-sIm≠v ad® ta¬°q-c-bp≈
Hfnk-t¶Xw ssakq¿ alm-cmPv ]pen-Isf shSn-sh-
bv°m≥th≠n n¿Ωn-®-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Ch-sbms° C∂v
A{]-Xy-£-am-bn.
Hcn°¬ ©--]pc Ipf-Øns‚ kao-]-ap≈
""sS¿an-¬'' ac-Øn¬ Ccn-°p-tºmƒ, Hcp H‰bm≥
sh≈w IpSn-°m≥ h∂p. Rmn-cp∂ ac-Øn--Sn-
bn¬IqSn S∂v s]m¥-°m-Sp≈ `mKsØ sh≈w IpSn-
°m≥ XpS-ßn. At∂cw sImº≥ n¬°p-∂n-S-Øp-n∂v
A©v ao‰-dn¬ Ipdhv ZqcØv Hcp sh≈-sIm°v (Pon
heron Ip-f-t°m-gn) s]m¥-°m-´n-te°v ]d-∂p-h-∂n-cp-∂p.
sh≈ an∂¬t]mse h∂v s]m¥-°m-´n¬
B ]£n-sb-I≠v t]Sn® sImº≥ sNhn-ho-in, hmepw
s]m°n Io...-Io... i_vZ-ap-≠m°n HmSn-t]m-bn. B-bpsS
CØ-c-Ønse s]cp-am‰w ImWm≥ ck-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp
km[m-cW B, AXm-bXv ap-jy-p-ambv kwL¿j-
Øn¬ G¿s∏-Sm-Ø-h, ad-™n-cn-°p∂ ap-jy-m¬ `b-
N-In-X-mIpw F∂Xp Ime-{I-taW Fn°v a- n-em-
bn. Im´n-eqsS _μn-]q-cnse Fs‚ apdn-bn-te°v Xncn-®p-
h-cp∂ hgn nc-h-[n-X-hW H‰bm-sb Fs‚ hgn-bn¬
n∂v am‰m≥ Rm≥ B-bpsS Cu {]tXyI s]cp-am-‰-
coXn {]tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≠v. ]s£ B-°q-´-Øns am‰m≥
Cu hgn Rm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂n√ ImcWw Im´n-p-
≈n¬ Ah ]c-∂n-cn-°p-∂-sX-hn-sS-bm-sW∂v Adn-bm≥
km[n-°n-√.
]e-t∏mgpw B hnlm-c-tI-{μ-ß-fn¬ {]h¿Øn-
°p∂h¿ B-bn¬ n∂v ]e-X-hW c£-s∏-´-Xmbn
s]mß®w ]d-bp-∂Xv tI´n-´p-≠v. CXv kXy-a√. Hcmƒ
Ht∂m ct≠m XhW c£-s∏-Smw. ]s£, Ft∏mgpw
km≤y-a-√. B hnlmcØnse Fs‚ ]e h¿jsØ
Ae-®n-ep-I-fn¬, Fs∂ Hcp {]mhiyw am{Xta _μn-
∏q¿ ]pen kwc-£W kt¶-X-Øn¬ ]nSn-bm HmSn-®n´p-
≈p. Rm≥ c£-s∏-´-Xns‚ {][m ImcWw Fn-°v
...................................................................................

53. 51Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 51Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
B {]tZiw Fn°v kp]-cn-Nn-X-am-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xm-
Wv. CXv kw`-hn-®Xv Hcp sshIp-t∂cw apXp-asse hy-
Pohn kwc£W tI{μ-Ønse sslth-tbmSv tN¿∂v
c≠v Intem-ao-‰¿ _μn-∏q-cn--SpØv "Ac-fn-°ms´' Ipf-
Øn--Sp-tØ°v awK-f-Um-an¬ n∂v Rm≥ S-°m-n-d-
ßn-b-t∏m-gmWv. Sqdn-Ãp-Isf sIm≠p-t]m-Ip∂ t^mdÃv
Un∏m¿´p-sa‚ v h≠n Fs∂ Ib‰n "Ac-fn-°m´n'¬
sIm≠n-d-°n. Ipf-Øn--Sp-tØ°v S-∂-t∏mƒ, sh≈w
IpSn-®p-n∂ B-°q-´-Øn¬ n∂v Hcp ]nSn-°q´w hml-
-Øn--Sp-tØ°v ]m™p-h-∂p. AXns‚ hgn-bn¬
Rm≥ s]´p-t]m-bn. Ahn-sS-bp≈ ImSv]n-Sn® tXmSns‚
ASp-Øm-b-Xn-m¬ Fn°v Bsb ImWm≥ km[n-
®n-√. F∂m¬ ss{Uh¿ ]nSn-bm-sb ImWp-Ibpw
h≠n-bn-te°v aS-ßn-h-cm≥ Dds° ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Rm≥ hml--Øn-te-t°m-Sp-tºmƒØs∂ Bbpw
thK-Øn¬ hml--Ønp-t¿°v hcp-∂Xv ImWm-am-
bn-cp-∂p. tdmUntes°-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Rm≥ `b-∏m-tSmsS
I≠Xv h≠n kv]oUvIq´n Ft∂-°mƒ thK-Øn¬
]m™p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. Rm≥ tm°n-b-t∏mƒ hml-
-Øn-p-t¿°v ]m™ B Xncn™v Fs‚ t¿°v
]m™p-h-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. Rm≥ tdmUv hn´p-am-dn, Fs‚ ]pdw-
_mKpw Iym∏pw ne-Øn-´v, Ac-fn-°m-s´-bn-te°v HgpIn-
bn-d-ßp∂ Bg-ap≈ HmS-bn-te°v HmSn. tXm´nse Acn-
In-seØn Ahn-SpsØ e¥m s]m¥-°m-´n¬ ]Xpßn
Ccp-∂p-sIm-≠v {Zhn® apf-°q´w nd™ tXm´n-te°v
Cd-ßtWm th≠tbm F∂v kwi-bn-®n-cp-∂p. B
Fs‚ A©v ao‰¿ ASp-sØ-Øn. Xe-N-cn®v Fs‚
km∂n[yw a- n-em-°m≥ {ian-®p. AXns‚ Xpºn-ss°-
bpsS Hcp {]l-c-Øn¬ Fn°v amc-I-ambn apdn-
th¬°p-sa∂v a- n-em-°n, Rm≥ tXm´n-te°v NmSn-
bn-dßn ]pg-bpsS FXn¿Zn-i-bn-te°v HmSn tdmUn¬
sN∂v tN¿∂p. B kabØv ss{Uh¿ ss[cyw kw`-
cn®v h≠n ]n∂n-te°v sIm≠p-h-∂p. Hcp ]cn-°p-t]mepw
]‰msX Rm≥ h≠n-bn¬ tIdn. ]s£ Fs∂ h√msX
De® kw`-h-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. B ]m™p-h-cp-∂-Xp-
I≠v h≠n-t]m-Im≥ Ae-dn-hn-fn® aq∂v kv{Xo bm{Xn-
Isc ss{Uh¿ Ip‰-s∏-SpØn.
Fs‚ A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬ B-bm¬ acn-°m-m-Wv
ssZh n›-b-sa-¶n¬ AXv Xo¿®-bmbpw S-∂n-cn-°pw.
Rm≥ 20 h¿jw tPmen sNbvX, ssh¬Uv sse^v
C≥Ãn-‰yq-´mbn amdnb, ann-kv{Sn-bpsS ssh¬Uv dnk¿®v
B≥Uv FUyp-t°-j≥ Unhn-j-nse Ub-d-IvS-dmb IFS
DtZym-K-ÿ≥ {io. cmP-ti-J-c≥ mb-cpsS Zpc¥ ]cy-
h-kmw CXn-smcp √ DZm-l-c-W-am-Wv. AXv kw`-hn-
®Xv Unkw-_¿ 7, 1977˛se Hcp a™p-aq-Snb {]`m-X-
...........................................................................................................................................................................

55. 53Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 53Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
Øn-emWv {]n≥kn-∏mƒ No^v I¨k¿th-‰¿ Hm^v
t^mdÃv, tIc-f-ambn hnc-an® ]tc-X-mb ]n.-sI. kptc-
{μ-m-Y≥ BNmcn Dƒs∏sS 7 t^mdÃv Hm^o-k¿ s{Sbn-
n-I-fp-ambv _μn-∏q¿ h-Øn¬ FØn. At±lw h-
Øn-eqsS Im¬ S-bmbv Ahsc bn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-
Im≥ Ft∂mSv Bh-iy-s∏-´p. IFS DtZym-K-ÿ-cmb
X߃°v Im¬-S-bmbv Iq´p-hm-∂m¬ Hc]-
ISwt]mepw Fn°v kw`-hn-°n-s√∂pw, GXv Im´n-p-
≈nepw sskzc-hn-lmcw S-Øm≥ Ah-Im-i-ap-s≠∂pw
]d-™p. A©mw XobXn AhnsS s{Sbvn-Isf Im¬-
S-bmbn sIm≠p-t]m-bn, sshIp-t∂cw anÿ mbcpw
apXp-asse h-kw-c-£W kt¶-X-Øn¬ t]mIp-∂-Xnv
ap≥]mbn Bdmw XobXn cmhnse Hcn°¬°qSn S-
°m≥ t]mIm≥ At±lw Xmev]-cy-s∏-´p. NΩ-√m
tdmUn-se-Ønb R߃ tdmUnv hS-°m-bn, e¥mm
Ip‰n-°m-´n¬ n∂pw GI-tZiw 100-ao-‰¿ Zqc-Øn¬ n∂v
Ip´n-s°m-º≥ Cd-ßn-h-cp-∂-Xp-I-≠p. ]c∂ `q{]-tZ-i-
am-b-Xn-m¬ ]n¥n-cn-™v Bsb tdmUv IS-∂p-t]m-
Im≥ Ap-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw √Xv F∂pw anÿ
mb-tcmSv Rm≥ ]d-™-sX-¶nepw At±lw AXp-
tIƒ°m≥ Iq´m-°m-sX, ac-ß-fpsS ad-hn-eqsS Bsb
]n¥p-S¿∂p, At±lw Ima-^vfmjv thjw [cn-®n-cp-∂p.
H∏w 64 ASA Kodochrome ^nenapw nd® ofw-Iq-Snb
se≥kp≈ Iyma-dbpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. H∂pw sNøm-m-
hmsX tdmUn¬ Rm≥ n∂p. F¥mWv ImcWw F∂v
a- n-em-°m≥ km[n-°m-sX, 70 ao‰¿ Zqc-Øvn∂v B
ic-th-K-Øn¬ ]m™p-h-∂p. B hcp-∂Xv I≠v, ac-
Øn¬ Ib-dm≥ {ian-s®-¶nepw ]‰m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v
tdmUns‚ sX°v hi-Øp≈ e¥m s]m¥-°m-´n-te°v
HmSn-°-b-dn. Rm≥ h≈n-s®-cn-∏p-t]-£n®v hy-Po-hn-I-
fpsS CS-h-gn-bn-te°v HmSn. Fs‚ "^o¬Uv sUbvkv'
F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ apgp-h≥ IYbpw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.
BNHS-Dw sUdm-Uq¨ Zn-ßfpw
tUmƒ ]T--hpw, hmjnwKvS¨ kn.-kn.-bnse
kvant’m-Wn-b≥ C≥Ãn-‰yq-´nse I¨k¿th-j≥
dnk¿®v sk‚-dn¬ tPmen-sN-bvXp. AXn-p-tijw Rm≥
BNHSFen-^‚ v t{]mPIvSv sNøm-mbn C¥y-bn-te°v
Xncn-®p-t]m-∂p. apXp-asse ssh¬Uv sse^v kmßvNyp-
dn-bnse APbv F. tZim-bn-bpw, Fs‚ inh-K-tW-ipw
XpSßnsh®-XmWo t{]mP-IvSv. APbv C∂v cmPysØ
B kwc-£-W-Øn-pw, Kth-j-W-Ønpw t]cp-tI´ hy-
‡n-bmbn Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
Fs‚ Pohn-Ønse anI® Ime-L-´-sa∂v
Hcp]t£ hnti-jn-∏n-°m-hp-∂Xv sUdm-Un-
´-Wnse 1985 sXm´v 2005 hsc Wild Life
Institute of India- bnse Fs‚ 20 h¿j-am-Wv. Cu Ime-
b-f-hn¬, hnZym¿∞n-I-sf-bpw, t^mdÃv Hm^o-k¿
s{Sbvn-I-sfbpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-I-bpw, ]cn-io-en-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvX-Xn-tm-sSm∏w Rm≥ cmPmPn mj-W¬
]m¿°n¬ (Ct∏m ssSK¿ dnk¿®v) B-Isf-°p-dn®v
Kth-jWw S-Øn. Cu DZy-a-Øn-¬ PÃzkv tPmjzbpw,
{InÃn hneywkpw Fs∂ √-Xp-t]mse klm-bn-®p.
Cu Kth-jWw 12 B-Isf tdUntbm tImf¿ sNøm≥
Ah-kcw D≠m-°n-Ø-∂p. tImf-dnwKv S-Øn-b-t∏mgpw
]n¥p¿∂-t∏mgpw nc-h[n ck-I-c-amb aplq¿Ø-߃
D≠m-Ip-Ibpw ]Tn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu Ap-`-h-߃
B kwc-£-W-sØ-°p-dn®v {][m--s∏´ ]mT-߃
]I¿∂p-¬In.
1991-˛¬ Big Boss F∂ H‰bms tImf¿ sNbvXXv
hfsc ck-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. GXm≠v 5 SÆnpw apI-fn¬
Xq°-hpw, 10 ASn°pw ta¬ Db-c-hp-ap≈hm-bn-cp∂p
Ah≥. AºXp hb- n-tm-S-SpØv {]mbw D≈ Ahs
ASp-Øp-n∂v nco-£n-®n-´p≈ PÃzkv˛tmSv Ah≥
Hcn°¬t∏mepw A{Ia-hm-k {]I-Sn-∏n-®n-√. tImf-dnwKv
]≤-Xn-bn¬ Rßsf klm-bn® Xan-gvm-´nse {]ikvX
B tUmIvS¿, tUm. hn. IrjvW-aq¿Øn-bpsS A`n-
{]mb {]Imcw R߃ I≠-Xn¬sh®v G‰hpw henb
c≠m-asØ sImº-m-W-h≥. B-Iƒ°v sImSp-
t°≠ Immobilon˛s‚ Afhv F{X-bm-sW∂v A°m-
eØv R߃°-dn-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. henb B-Iƒ°p-
t]mepw Immobilon-˛s‚ 3ml am{Xta ¬Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p-
≈p. AXp-Im-cWw Ah-∑m¿ Intem-ao-‰dpIƒ HmSn-b-
ti-jsa abßn hogp-am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. cmPysØ anI®
arK-tUm-IvS¿amcn¬ Hcmfmb NVK Ashraf, B{^n-°≥-˛-
G-jy≥ B-I-fn¬ S-Ønb Immobilon tUmkns‚
Af-hn-s-°p-dn®v ]Tn-®-t∏mƒ, acp∂psImSp-°p∂
Afhv ]px-]-cn-tim-[n-°-W-sa∂v I≠p-]n-Sn-®p.
tImf-dnwKv sNtø≠ Znhkw R߃ _nKv
t_mkns iymw]p¿ ]¿Δ-X-n-c-bn¬ (cm-PmPn mj-
.................................................................................................................................

57. 55Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 55Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
W¬ ]m¿°nv kao-]w, KwK-bpsS Ing-°v) Is≠-Øn.
cmhn-se, im¥-mbv apf-°q-´-Øn¬ n¬°p-I-bm-bn-
cp∂p Ah≥. tUm. IrjvW-aq¿Øn, 3ml Immobilon
ab-°p-shSn shbv°p∂ tXm°n¬ temUv sNbvXn´v
shSn-sh-bv°m≥ Fn-°p-X-∂p. Rm≥, ]m¿°nse
tXmt°-¥nb kpc-£m-`-S-sbpw Iq´n ]pd-s∏-´p. Abm-
fpsS ssIøn¬ Cc-´-°p-g-ep≈ (_o®v temUnwKv
tXm°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ tXm´ ]cn-tim-[n®p. ·-
]m-Z-mbn F∂n´v S-∂p-sN-∂p. 15 ao‰¿ AI-e-Øn¬
sh®v Rm≥ H‰bv°p shSn-sh-®p. Ft¥m Imc-W-Øm¬
ab°vshSn Hcp tdm°-‰p-t]mse "iq' i_vZ-tØmsS
_nKv t_mkns‚ ]n≥Im-ep-I-fn¬ ]Xn-®p. CXv, Ahs
Rß-fpsS hi-tØ°v Xncn-™p-tm-°m≥ t{]cn-∏n-®p.
R߃ c≠p-t]cpw Ahn-Sp∂v HmSn-t]m-bn. ho≠pw 3ml
ab-°p-a-cp∂v nd® shSn-sh-®p. CØ-hW Ahs‚
heXp ]n≥`m-KØv Xd-®p. sImº≥ Xncn™p Rßsf
tm°n´v ASp-Øp≈ Nn√m nc-I-fn-te°v HmSn-t]m-bn.
Ipd-®p-tcw n∂-tijw R߃ ASn-]m-X-bn¬ Ah≥
Xo¿Ø hy‡-amb kqN tm°n ]n≥Xp-S¿∂p. A©v
Intem-ao-‰¿ A∏pdw Ncn™ ÿeØv InS-°p-∂Xv
R߃ I≠p. s©v IpØn-bmWv InS-∂n-cp-∂-sX-¶n¬
bYm-k-abw I≠p-]n-Sn-®n-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ izmkw-ap´n
Ah≥ acn-t®-s. sImº≥ DW¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-
∂p. R߃ ASp-Øp-sN-∂-t∏mƒ Rßsf ASn-°m-
s-t∂mWw Xp-ºn-ss° hoin. heXv XpS-bnse s]m´-
en¬ n∂v kpJw {]m]n-®p-h-cn-I-bm-bn-cp∂ tUm.
IrjvW-aq¿Øn AhnsS FØm≥ Ipd®p kabw ]nSn-
®p. Immobilon IqSp-X¬ ¬In sImºs ]q¿Æ-ambpw
ab-°n-b-tijw R߃ tImf-dnwKv tPmen Am-bmkw
S-Øn.
ASpØ Znhkw IqSp-X¬ B-Isf tXSn-t∏mb
R߃°v ck-I-c-amb Ap-`hw D≠m-bn. Hcp
sImº≥ R߃°v ttc ]m™p-h-∂p. Ahs Xpc-
Øm-mbv Fs‚ IqsS h∂ kpc-£m-`-S≥ BIm-i-
tØ°v Hcp {]mhiyw nd-sbm-gn-®p. ]s£ c≠pw No‰n-
t∏m-bn. H∂n®v H®bp-≠m°n R߃ Bsb Xncn-
t®m-Sn-®p.
PÃzkv _nKv t_mkns ]n¥p-S¿∂n-cp∂p. Ah≥
IqSp-X¬ ka-bhpw apf-°m-Sp-I-fp≈ iymw]p¿ nc-I-
fn¬ kabw sNe-h-gn-°p-∂Xp a- n-em-°n. CXv ]s£
cmPmPn mj-W¬ ]m¿°nv shfn-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp
kwc-£W {]tZiw Bkq-{XWw sNøp-tºmƒ, Ah-
bpsS Bhmk ]cn-ÿnXn AXn-cp-Iƒ IqSn Dƒs∏-
SpØnthWwsa∂v At∂cw R߃°v a-
n-em-bn. _nKv t_mkv Hcn°¬t∏mepw
Irjn-∏m-SØv ta™n-´n√ ImcWw Ahs‚ tabp∂
AXn¿Øn-bpsS Hcp `mKw-t]mepw Irjn-°mbv jvS-
s∏-´p-t]m-bn-´n-√. 1995 hw-_¿ 55 hb- p-Im-c-mb _nKv
t_mknv aZ-an-f-In. Hcp ]nSn-bm--bp-ambn CW-tN-cp∂
Ah-Im-i-sØ-s®m-√n, Xs∂-°mƒ Cf-∏-ap≈ Hcp
sImº-p-samØv mep-a-Wn-°q-tdmfw o≠ bp≤-
Øns‚ Ah-kmw _nKv t_mkv Ncn-™p. h-]m-e-
I¿ bp≤w Ah-km-n-∏n-°m-mbv BIm-i-tØ°v shSn-
sh-s®-¶nepw AXv klm-bn-®n-√.
cmPmPn N P-bnse sFXn-lm-knI B-bm-Wv, 1996
tdUntbm tImf¿ sNø-s∏´ Sn∏p. ÿnc-ambn Irjn-bn-
SØv miw hnX-°p∂ B-bm-bn-cp∂p Ah≥. cmPmPn
N P-bpsS CS-bn¬s∏´ Xs‚ ta®n¬∏pdw Irjn-bn-S-ambv
amdn-b-Xmbncp∂p AXn-p-Im-c-Ww. Hcn°¬t∏mepw
Ah≥ ap-jys sIm∂n-´n√ F∂m¬ Ahs tjm°-
Sn-∏n®v ac-W-Øns‚ h°Øv FØn-®p. tjm°-Sn®v
Ah≥ 7 aWn-°q¿ nt›-X--mbn InS-∂p. ss__nƒ
IYm-]m-{X-amb kmwk-sW-t∏m-se, sUeoe sI´nb
Ib-dp-Iƒ s]m´n-®v, Ah≥ FWo‰v Xs‚ Bekyw
Ipep°n°f™v Im´n-te°v S-∂p-t]m-bn. cmPmPn N
P- ([mcmfw hmls∏cp∏ap≈ ÿe-am-Wv)˛v CS-bn-
eqsS t]mIp∂ Nn√m-˛-tam-´n-bq¿ CS-mgn IS∂v c≠v
Im´nepw hnl-cn®v Ah≥ Xs‚ Bhmk tI{μsØ
GtIm-]n®p n¿Øp-∂p. {i≤-tbmsS tdmUpw,
sdbn¬]m-fhpw apdn®pIS-°p∂Xnm¬ Ahv a‰m--
Iƒ°v D≠mb amc-I-amb hn[n D≠m-bn-√.
Ah-s, {InÃn ]n¥p-S¿∂ Ime-b-f-hn¬ Ahs‚
hnlm-c-tI{μw GXm≠v 400 sq. km. BsW-∂pw, F√m
h¿jhpw mev amkw ofp∂ aZw s]m´¬ kw`-hn-
°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂v a- n-em-°n. Ipd®p h¿j-
߃°p-ti-jw, Ahs‚ tImf¿ Ducn-t∏m-sb-¶nepw Xe-
bnse apg F∂ hntij Xncn-®-dn-b¬ AS-bm-fw-sIm≠v
Ahs‚ KXn-hn-l-Xn-Iƒ Adn-bm≥ _p≤n-ap-´n-√m-bn-cp-
∂p. CXp-sIm≠v R߃°v Ahs‚ PohnX Ime-b-f-
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59. 57Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 57Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
hnse Bhmk ]cn-kcw GXm≠v 300 sq. km. BsW∂v
Duln-°m≥ ]‰n. aZw s]m´p-∂ Ime-b-fhv (B-tcm-Ky-
Øns‚ e£-Ww) GXm≠v Bdv amkw hsc o≠p-
n¬°pw. Nn√m nc-I-fnse ssItø-‰-°m-cmb, BSvamSp-
Isf tabv°p∂ Kp÷m-Isf am‰n-∏m¿∏n-°m-m-b-
XvsIm≠v iey-an-√msX Ahv hnl-cn-°m≥ km[n-®p.
GXm≠v 65 hb- p-hsc Ah≥ Pohn-®p. tam´n-bq¿
sdbn¬th ]me-Øn¬ n∂v hoWmWv Ah≥ acn-®-
sX-¶nepw c≠p Znhkw apºv CW tNcp∂ hnj-b-Øn¬
Hcp sImº-p-ambn G‰p-ap-´-en-ep-≠mb amc-I-amb apdnhv
ac-W-Im-c-W-am-Imw.
tIm¿ss_‰v ssSK¿ dnk¿®n¬ Unkw-_¿ 2000,
Pp-hcn˛s^-{_p-hcn 2001 nS-bn¬ 6 sXm´v 8
sImº≥amsc tamjvSm-°ƒ sIm∂-Xn¬ n∂p a- n-
em-hp-∂-Xv, Hcp {]tZ-isØ tIm¿ Bbn {]Jym-]n-°p-
∂-Xn¬ Imcy-an√ F∂mWv. aq¿®-bp≈ Ccpºv Xe-
bp≈ AºpsIm-≠mWv 3 sImº-∑m¿ Ncn-™-sX-∂mWv
t]mÃvam¿´w dnt∏m¿´v. Dfn-t]m-ep≈ Aºv hn√n¬ sXmSp-
Øp-hn-´mte B-bpsS I´n-Iq-Snb sXmensb Cu Aºp-
Iƒ t`Zn-°q. a‰p sXfn-hp-I-fmb apf-¥-≠n¬ Np‰nb
]cp-Øn-q-ev, s]m´nb _eq¨ (Hcp]s£ _eq-Wn-em-
bn-cn°mw hnjw k∂n-th-in-∏n-®n-cn-°p-
∂Xv) kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Acp-Wm-N¬
{]tZ-inse Lisu tKm{X-h¿§-°m-cpsS ]¶m-Wv.
Ah¿°mWv CØcw hnj-a-b-amb Aºp-I-fp-≠m-°p∂
]mc-º-cy-ap-≈-Xv. Db¿∂ {]X-e-Øn¬ D≠m-Ip∂ Ing-
ßp-I-fn¬ n∂m-bn-cn°mw Cu hnjw Ipdp-°n-sb-Sp-
Øncn°p∂-Xv. t]meo-kns‚bpw h-]m-e-I-cp-sSbpw
Xo{h-amb {]b-Xv-Øn-p-tijhpw, {]Xn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS
tamjW hkvXp-hp-ambn IS-∂p-I-f-™p.
NCF, WWF˛-C-¥ybpw tIm¿_‰v ÿm]I Znhpw
HIvtSm_¿ 2005-˛¬ Wildlife Institute of Indiabn¬
n∂v dn´-b¿ sNbvXv, 2006 s^{_p-h-cn-bn¬ _mwKvfq-
cn¬ ÿnc-Xm-a-k-am-°n. AXn-p-tijw tIm¿_‰v
^ut≠-j-s‚-bpw, ssakq¿ WWF India, NCF˛s‚ klm-
b-tØmsS cmPysØ B Bhmk hnhn[/{]tZiw
kμ¿in-°m≥ `mKy-ap-≠m-bn. C{Xbpw Zi-I-߃ o≠
N¿®-Iƒ S-∂n´pw, anI® Adnhv D≠m-bn´pw ap°v
CXp-h-scbpw {][m--s∏´ B CS-m-gn-I-fmb
AKkvXyasse-bnepw s]cn-bm-dn-s‚bpw CS-bn-ep≈
Nn√-˛-tam-´n-®q¿ CS-m-gn, tImb-º-Øq¿ t^mdÃv Unhn-
j-nse I√m¿ CS-m-gn, {_“-Kncn hy-Pohn kt¶-X-
Ønpw mKm-c-tlmtf ssSK¿ dntk¿®npw CS-bn-ep≈
Iq´ CS-mgn F∂nh kwc-£n®v ne-n¿Øm≥ Ign-
™n-´n-√. m´m ]cn-]m-e--Ønv tKm{X-h¿K-°m-cmb
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61. 59Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 59Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
Ipdp-º-Ifpw ae-a-e-º-dp-Ifpw {]m[m-y-a¿ln-°p∂p
ImcWw Ah¿ kt¥m-j-tØmsS B-tbm-sSm∏w
Pohn-°p-Ibpw hf-cp-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂v Fn-°-dn-bmw.
AXp-t]mse a[y-{]-tZ-iv t^mdÃv Un∏m¿´vsa‚ v m´m
]cn-]m-e--Øn¬ anSp-°-cm-Wv. Ah¿°v anI® sImº-
∑m¿ D≠v Xs∂-bp-a√ B-Ifpw ]m∏m-∑mcpw XΩn-ep-
≈ _‘w i‡-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v aZ∏m-Sp≈ ka-b-
ß-fn¬t∏mepw]penIsf ]n¥p-S-cm≥ sImº-∑msc D]-
tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. B-I-fpsS Bhmk tI{μ-߃ F{X-
am{Xw in-®n-´p-s≠∂v Ahsb∏‰n icn-bmbn A]-{K-
Yn-°p-∂-h¿°v a- n-em-Ipw. Cu Bhmk tI{μ-ß-fn-
sems° hnm-i-I-c-amb P¥p-˛-h¿§ßƒ Xnßn-n-
d™p n¬°p-Ibpw kmXzn-I-cmb ∑-tb-dnb h¿§-
ß-fpsS hf¿® hnc-f-am-Ip-I-bp-amWv CXnp ImcWw
F∂v a- n-em-°mw. AXn-m¬ Bbpw ap-jypw
XΩn-ep≈ kwL¿jw Db¿∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. {]Xn-
h¿jw GXm≠ 500-˛-tesd Bfp-Iƒ (F-√m-h-cpw-Xs∂
]mh-s∏-´-h¿) B-I-fm¬ sIm√-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]Xn-m-bncw
sq. km. Irjn-`qan in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. qdn-tesd B-
Iƒ sImºp-Iƒ°pth-≠n-bpw, kwL¿j-kw-_-
‘nbmb hnj-b-ß-fn¬s∏´pw acn-°p-∂p. t{]mPIvSv
Fen-^‚ns‚ Dƒ°m-gvN-tbmSpw Bflm¿∞-X-tbmSpw
Ub-d-IvSdpw IqSn {]h¿Øn-®p. dn´. IFS DtZym-K-ÿ-p-
amb {io. S.S. Bists‚ A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬, B-Iƒ ]pXnb
{]tZ-i-ß-fn-te°v IS-∂p-I-b-dp-I-bpw, AXn-m¬ Ah¿
krjvSn-°p∂ {]iv-߃ h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw
sNøpw. ]pensb hnjw-sh®v sIm∂m¬
AXns‚ ih-i-cocw Ffp-∏-Øn¬ in-∏n°mw F∂m¬
B-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ AXv km[n-°n-√. AXn-m¬
B-{]ivw XpS¿∂p sImt≠-bn-cn-°pw.
F∂mepw h-]m-e-I-cm¬ tZio-b-X-e-Øn¬ S-
∏n-em-°m≥ _p≤n-ap-t´-dnb ]≤-Xn-{]-Imcw (tªm°v
Iu≠pw UwKv Uot° satØ-Uv) R߃ kt¥m-j-
tØmsS {]Jym-]n-°s´, C∂v R߃°v 30,000 B-
kwJy D≠v, AXv Gdnbpw hcp-∂p. B-bpsS ]cn[n
ne-n¬°p∂ Bhmk {]tZ-isØ tamim-h-ÿ-bpw,
Bfp-Iƒ sIm√-s∏-Sp∂ ÿnXnbpw IW-°n-se-Sp-Øm¬
B-s∏-cp-∏-sØ-∏‰n Ωƒ Bi-¶m-Ip-e-cm-tI-≠-Xm-Wv.
B-I-fpsS h¿≤-sb nb-{¥n-°m≥ {]tXy-In®pw
tami-hy-h-ÿn-Xn-bpw, kwL¿j-ta-J-ebpw D≈ ÿe-
Øv, CΩyq-tWm-˛-tIm¨t{Sm-sk-^vj≥ hgn nb-{¥n-
°m≥ ka-b-am-bn. B-kwJym IW°v apgp-h≥ B-
I-fpsS FÆ-Øn¬ IW-°m-°m-sX, Bbn-c-Øn¬ Xmsg
am{Xw ht∂-°m-hp∂ sImº-∑m-cpsS FÆ-sa-Sp-°p-
Ibpw sNø-Ww. Hcp]-t£, Hcp tZiob {]b-Xv-sa∂
ne-bn¬, F√m sImº-∑m-tcbpw t^mt´m-sb-SpØv
Ahsb hy‡n-K-X-X-e-Øn¬ Xncn-®-dn™v FÆ-sa-Sp-
°mw. sImº-∑m¿ tamjvSm-°-fm¬ sIm√-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
AXn-m¬ kwL¿j-߃ h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw Ah A`n-
Im-ay-a-√mØ Bhmk hyh-ÿn-Xn-I-fn-te°v {]th-in-
°p-Ibpw sNøpw. sImº-∑m-cpsS Bh-iy-߃ I≠-
dn™ Bflm¿∞-bp≈ I¿Ω-]-≤Xn Bhn-jv°-cn-®m¬,
am{Xta B-I-fpsS `mhn kpc-£n-X-am-°m≥ km[n-°q.
.....................................................................................................

63. 61Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 61Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
All major religions accord significance to elephants. Animal carvings
in ancient and present day temples can be easily found in South and
South East Asian countries. Amazingly, these magnificent animals are
also mentioned in the texts and found sculpted in the Middle Eastern
countries and evidently they have been mentioned in all the major
religions. They are used for preaching and giving philosophical lessons
through stories and painted art across different religions through various
literary and visual artworks. In Islam, the Prophet was said to have been
born in the Year of the Elephant. Prior to his birth, Gautama Buddha’s
mother dreamt of a white elephant. In Christianity, it was believed that
elephants did not have knee-joints and hence, once it fell it could not get
up on its own. The fall of a mighty elephant was believed to symbolize
the fall of man due to his/her sins. In Hinduism, there are several
significant mythologies in regard to elephants and there is Lord
Ganesha— the elephant-headed God. Lord Ganesha is said to be gentle
and caring when pleased and enraged when angry— similarities can be
seen with the way elephants behave. It is believed that when the
primordial soup was churned before this world was formed, elephants
were the first animals to appear and helped hold aloft the earth. Hinduism
also accords highest form of respect based primarily on the animal’s
strength, longevity and family values. These three aspects truly match
the elephant’s ecology.
Elephant -
Religion, Ecology and Welfare
Surendra Varma
Works as a Senior Scientist in Asian
Elephant Research & Conservation
Programmes of the Asian Nature
Conservation Foundation (ANCF). He
is also a member of IUCN/SSC Asian
Elephant Specialist Group. Varma
has been working on Asian
Elephants for the last two and half
decades. His interest in elephants
focus on the 9 C’s-Counting,
Classification (population
demography), Conflict (human-
Elephant), Corridors, Culling
(Poaching), Captivity, Culture,
Capacity building & Conservation.
His work in Myanmar identifying the
first elephant reserve for the
country, the elephant habitat and
corridor studies systematically
documented some of the very crucial
elephant corridors in south and
north east India.
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65. 63Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 63Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
Family System
Truly, human beings can learn a lot from Elephant
families; elephants are known to live in cohesive groups
consisting of related females and their young ones. The
females comprise of different layers, the layer of old
age females, with a lot of experience of giving birth,
and taking care of young ones. The second layer of
females, are pregnant, currently given birth and taking
care of new born elephants. The third layer is young
female elephants, are expected to be mothers as they
attain sexual maturity. Both old and young females
provide strong support systems for the mother who are
pregnant, or are taking care of the new born elephants.
All the females are related and form the strongest
support that can be provided for the nurture of young
ones. Like humans, elephants too have strong family
bonds and are known to grieve for their dead.
The second interesting point of female based care
is elephant females exhibiting
reproductive synchrony. Thus, in a group, more than
one female will give birth. This ensures that the
newborn calves will have playmates and dependence
on baby-sitters is absent. If there are two mothers,
both will care for the calves, irrespective of their birth
to another female. The calves too get time to play with
each other; mothers thus do not have to continuously
care for the calf and get time to feed and rest. The
group is also multi-layered in terms of age, hence, there
will be different age groups with whom to play with
and be cared for. This also ensures learning for the
growing young animal of both sexes. In human families,
unrelated females are often employed to care for the
young baby; this brings in aspects of poor hygiene or
poor quality of care. If humans take elephant family as
a reference and accepting experienced and
knowledgeable support systems, their children will not
suffer psychological and physical ill-health as is often
seen in present day.
Strength
Elephants are one among the strongest animals
on earth, for example, a newborn calf itself weighs 100
kgs. Their strength come from two factors, one is of
their physical strength. As individuals they are massive
and capable of crushing huge objects. Secondly they
work as group and work in coordinated ways; this along
with individual elephant’s strength is added on as
multiple strength and their cohesion as a group ensures
this strength is exponentially increased. The strength
of elephant is evident as female elephants are known
to put extra efforts to give birth to a strong and healthy
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67. 65Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 65Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
male calf and it is also known that adult
female spends more energy and effort in
giving birth and caring for males; when
gestation is 22 months, the adult female
usually gives birth to a male calf. This
increased care ensures the calf attains
greater strength as an adult and gains more
reproductive success. Religion identified the
value being strong and its influence of
survival and it give value to elephants as
model of making human being strong.
However, if human being kills male
elephants for their ivory, they go against
the religious value of elephants. This also
result in depriving strong and healthy males
with longer life-span and this can affect the
future of the elephant population itself.
Longevity
There are reasons for elephants having
one of the longest lifespan. Elephants attain
sexual maturity when they reach 12-15
years of age. To reach sexual maturity, it is
very important to accumulate body growth
and undergo learning process. Only when
both factors are attained can successful
reproduction take place. Each adult female
can potentially give birth to 6 calves in its
life-span and each calf is nurtured for 4
years. If the life-span is reduced or learning
process vitiated, normal growth and
development of the calf will be hindered.
Elephants are long lived species who invest
in fewer offspring per life-span but with
greater care for their young ones. Thus,
both longevity and learning are integral to
their survival.
Any disturbance to three aspects will
not go well with the core identify religion
accord to elephants and also not will be
acceptable to the species’ survival. For
instance, when elephants raid crops, their
family values are broken in that mothers are
known to abandon their calves
when chased by farmers
while crop raiding. When crop raiding animals are caught and
brought in to captivity their welfare is reduced considerably. Their
sheer strength ensures that the humans, who capture them,
restrain them using chains, fetters, hobbles, etc. Captivity brings
with it a host of features that are alien to elephants’ lives— little
or too much exercise on un-natural surfaces, exposure to changing
weather without being able to manipulate one’s environment, social
isolation, persistent pressure to obey human commands— these
lead to physical and psychological ill-health and reduced life-span.
Although religion give higher degree of value and respects to this
animal, but the practices without understanding the meaning of it,
do not match with their biological design, but profoundly compromise
their welfare and conservation. Following religious principles that
understood the core of elephant society and life history will ensure
that the ecological and welfare needs of the elephants are met
with.
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69. 67Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 67Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
a‰p≈ arK-߃s°-∂-Xp-t]mse B-Iƒ°pw tcmK-߃ D≠m-Ipw.
Nneh AXn¬ amc-I-am-Impw km≤y-X-I-tf-sd. Btcm-Ky-ap≈ Hcm,
Znhkw apgp-h≥, s]mXp-th, Du¿÷-kz-e-mbn ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. ico-c-
Øn¬ aÆp-hm-cn-bn-Sp-I, ac-ß-fn¬ icocw Dc-bv°p-I, NqSp-≈-t∏mƒ sNhn-
I-fm-´pI F∂nh Btcm-Ky-ap≈ Hcm-bpsS tNjvS-I-fm-Wv. NqSØp
]I¬ ka-b-ß-fn¬ A¥-co£ Xm]-Ønpw Bhmkÿm-Ønpw
Ap-kr-X-am-bn, Ah ac-ß-fpsS XW-en¬ hn{i-an-°p-∂Xpw ImWmw;
Nne-t∏mƒ Aev]-tcw XW-en¬Øs∂ nt∂m, InSt∂m Dd-ßpw. Hcp
Znhkw Ah ]Øp apX¬ Ccp-]-Xp-hsc XhW ae-hn-k¿÷w S-
Øpw. B-∏n≠w GXm≠v tKmfm-Ir-Xn-bn-em-bn-cn-°pw. aq{X-hn-k¿÷-
hpw IrXy-am-bn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬ Btcm-Ky-an-√mØ B-I-fpsS ÿnXn
adn-®m-Wv. Ah≥ Akz-ÿ-m-bn-cn-°pw. sXmen-h-c-≠v, Nne-t∏mƒ n¿÷-
eo-I-c-Whpw D≠m-Imw. Ahs XnI®pw £oWn-X-m-bn, ico-c-Ønv
Imcy-amb Ne--ß-fn-√msX ImWp-∂p. Cu {]iv-߃ Im´n-em-sW-¶n¬,
Ah Kuc-h-am-Ip-∂-Xp-hsc ImgvN-bn-eqsS a- n-em-°m≥ {]bm-kw- X-
s∂. CXv s]Æm--bpsS Imcy-Øn-em-sW-¶n¬ tcmK-_m-[n-X-bmb Hcp
s]Æm-, Iq´-Øn¬ n∂pw th¿s]´v H‰bv°v `£Ww tXSp-∂-Xm-bn-
Im-Wmw. hfsc A]q¿Δ-am-sW-¶nepw H‰bv°v S-°p∂ s]Æm--Isf
ImWmw. B s]Æm-bv°v Btcm-Ky-]-c-amb Ft¥m {]iv-ap-≈-Xns‚
BIƒ°p-≠m-Ip∂
tcmK-߃
APbv sI. tZimbv
Im´m--I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈
Kth-jW ]TØn¬
30 h¿jsØ ]cn-N-bw.
apwss_ m®yp-d¬
lnÃdn skmssk-‰n,
WWF International,
Fauna & Flora International,
Wild life Institute of India
XpS-ßnb ÿm]--ß-fn¬
{]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≠v.
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71. 69Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 69Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
Hcp kqN--bm-Im-an-Xv. BWm--Iƒ, kztX-Iq´w IqSm-
Ø-Xn-m¬, Cu kz`mhw Im´m-dn-√m. Hcm, Xo‰n-sbm-
∂p-sa-Sp-°m-sX, IqSp-X¬ kabw sh≈-Øn¬ Ign-®p-
Iq-´n-bm¬, AXnv Kuc-h-amb tcmK-ap-s≠∂p n›-bn-
°mw. BI-fn¬ Xosc-bn-√mØ tcmKw A¿∫p-Z-am-Wv.
a‰p≈ kkvX Pohn-I-sf-t∏mse B-Iƒ°pw
]e-Xcw tcmK-߃ D≠m-Imw. Ah tcmKm-Wp-°ƒaq-e-
tam, hnjmWp-°ƒ aqe-tam, ]q∏¬ _m[-aq-e-tam, AX-
s√-¶n¬ Ch-sb√mw aqetam BImw. tcmK-߃ B¥-
cn-I-am-Imw, _mly-am-Imw. B¥-cn-I-amb tcmK-߃
s]mXpth IpS-en-emWv D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. Ic-fn¬ ImWp∂
Iran, `£-W-Øn¬ D≠m-Im-hp∂ hnjw F∂nh
CXnp Imc-W-ß-fm-Ip-∂p. Salmonellosis F∂ Hcp
DZc tcmKhpw B-I-fn¬ I≠p-h-cp-∂p. Btcm-Ky-ap≈
hy-Po-hn-I-fpsS Pohv CsXm∂pw `oj-Wn-bm-Ip-∂n√m
F∂-XmWv kXyw. F∂m¬ AXy-]q¿Δ-ambn acWw
kw`-hn-°m-dp-ap-≠v. B¥-cn-I-ambn I≠p-h-cp∂ Nne
]cm∂ Pohn-Iƒ (Parasites) B-I-fpsS kpJ-Po-hn-
XsØ {]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _m[n-°p-∂p. X∑q-ew, Zp¿∫e
ico-c-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Hcmbv°v acWw kw`-hn-°pw.
Imc-Ww, Ahbv°p tcmKw -h-cm-p≈ km≤yX IqSp-
X-em-W-t√m.?
t]≥, IoS-߃ XpSßn _mly-ambn
D]-{Z-hn-°p∂ ]cm-∂-Po-hn-Iƒ B-
Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw {]ivIm-cn-IƒX-s∂. B-
Iƒ Nne-t∏mƒ Nfn-bn¬ Ipfn-°p-I-tbm, sNfn {]tZ-
iØv InS-∂p-cp-fp-Itbm sNøm-dp-≠v. AXns‚
tZlsØ sNfn DW-ßp-tºmƒ taev]-d™ IoS-߃
AXns‚ tZlØv ]‰n-∏n-Sn-°p-∂p. ISn-°p∂ kz`m-h-
ap≈ Cu®-Iƒ, B-Iƒ°v {]ivw-X-s∂. Ah-bpsS
ISn hfsc thZ--bp-≈-Xm-Wv. Chsb AI-‰m≥ B-
Iƒ ]e hgn-Ifpw tm°p∂p ˛ sNhn-I-fm-´p-I,
Xpºnss° hoin-b-Sn-°p-I, hmep-sIm-≠-Sn-°pI F∂n-
ß-s. ac-ß-fpsS Ce-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb sNdp-im-J-Ifpw
Ch Cu®-Isf B´n-b-I-‰m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.
B{¥mIvkv F∂ tcmKw Bbv°v ]nSn-s]-Smw.
CXv Ah-bpsS ac-W-Im-cWw hsc BImw. B{¥mIvkv
h∂v ac-W-a-S™ B-I-fpsS arX-tZlw IØn-®p-I-f-
bp-Itbm, Ipgn-bn-en-´-Xn-p-tijw AXn-p-ap-I-fn¬
IpΩmbw hnXdn aÆn´p aqSp-Itbm sNømw. Foot and
Mouth disease - CXv AWp-_m-[-aqeap≠m-Ip∂ tcmK-
amWv ˛ a‰p arK-ß-fn-se-∂-t]mse Bbv°pw hcmw.
oe-Kn-cn-bn¬ Rm≥ ]Tw S-Øp-tºmƒ Cu tcmKw-
aqew ]mZw jvS-amb B-Isf I≠n-´p-≠v. B-I-
fpsS Ne--Ønp tIm´w hcn-I, Ahbv°v icn-bmbn
`£Ww Ign-°m≥ ]‰m-Xm-hpI Ch-sb√mw Cu tcmKw-
aqew D≠m-Imw. ico-c-Øn-pw, a‰-h-b-h-߃°pw ÿnc-
amb tISpw Cu tcmK-Øns‚ A-¥-c-^-e-am-Wv.
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73. 71Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 71Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
B-I-fn¬ ]pXp-Xmbn ImWp∂ Hcp tcmK-amWv
Herpes. BZyw CXv, arK-im-e-I-fn-ep≈ B{^n-°≥
B-I-fn¬ n∂pw Gjy≥ B-I-fn-tebv°v ]I¿∂-
Xmhmw F∂ nK-a--Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ tUm.
Acp¨ k°-dnb (tI-c-fw), tUm. Isse-hm-W≥ (X-an-
gvm-Sv) F∂n-h¿ ]n∂oSp S-Ønb ]T--ß-fn¬ I≠Xv
B{^n-°≥ m´m--I-fn¬ n∂√ Cu tcmK-Øns‚
D¤hw F∂m-Wv. Herpes tcmKw Xosc sNdnb B-
Iƒ°pw buΔmh-ÿ-bn-ep≈ B-Iƒ°pw D≠m-
Ip-∂p. CXp-aq-e-ap-≠m-Ip∂ ac-Whpw [mcm-f-ambn tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. as‰mcp ]pXnb Akp-J-amWv T.B.
CXpw m´m--Iƒ°p-am{Xw hcp∂ Zo-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p
BZy-n-K-a-w. F∂m¬ ]n∂o-Sv, CXv Im´m--Iƒ°pw
hcp-sa∂v ]T--ß-fn¬ sXfn-™n-´p-≠v. Cu c≠p tcmK-
ßfpw Btcm-Ky-ap≈ B-I-fn¬ Kuc-h-amb {]iv-
߃ D≠m-°p-∂n-√. F∂m¬ Am-tcm-Ky-]-c-amb Bhm-
k-ÿm--Øp≈ B-Iƒ°v Ch {]iv-߃ Xs∂.
sS‰-- v, dm_nkv XpS-ßnb Akp-J-߃ B-I-
fpsS ac-W-Im-c-W-amImw F∂v ]T--ß-fn¬ n∂pw a-
n-em-Ip-∂p. IqSm-sX, eLp-hmb tcmK-ßfpw˛]√v,
sXmen, ]mZ-߃ Chbv°p hcp-∂h˛km[m-c-W-bmbn
ImWp-∂p. ]t£ AXy-]q¿Δ-amtb Ch Kuc-h-am-Im-
dp-≈q.
Fen-Iƒ ]c-Øp∂ tcmK-amb Encephalom-
yocarditis Nne B-Iƒ°p hcm-dp-≠v. CXns kq£n-
°-Ww; ac-W-Im-c-W-am-Imw. ""nhm-cWw ∂p NnIn-’-
tb-°mƒ F∂ {]am-W-am-Wv ChnsS {]k‡w''. AXm-
b-Xv, Fen-I-fn-√mØ ÿeØv As√-
¶n¬ Fen-I-fp≈ ÿe-Øp-n∂pw Ahsb XpcØn
AhnsS m´m--Isf ]m¿∏n-°p-I. Im´m--Iƒ°p CXv
{]iv-a-s√-¶n-epw, Cu tcmKaqe-ap-≠m-Ip∂ acWw Z£n-
Wm-{^n-°-bn-ep≈ Im´m--I-fn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.
m´m--I-fn¬ ImWp∂ an°-tcm-K-߃°pw NnIn-
’-bp-≠v. NnIn-’-bn¬ √ hnP-b-i-X-am--hp-ap-≠v.
F∂m¬ Im´m--I-fn¬, Ah-bpsS kwJy IqSp-X-em-I-
sIm-≠pw, Ipd™ kuI-cy-߃ am{X-ap-≈-Xp-sIm≠pw
NnIn’ {ia-I-c-am-Ip-∂p. tcmKw Hcp km[m-cW Imcy-
am-Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Im´m--Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-
tØmfw Ahsb shdpsX hnSp-I-bmWv A`n-Im-ayw.
hnZq-c-`m-hn-bn¬, ap°v tijn-bp-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ, ΩpsS
CS-s]-S¬, B-I-fpsS sNdnb kwJy-bp≈ ÿe-ß-
fn¬ tI{μo-I-cn-°mw. Imc-Ww, Cu ÿe-ß-fnse ac-
W-n-c°v tcmKw-aqew h¿≤n-®m¬ B-I-fpsS hwi-
m-i-ØnpXs∂ Imc-W-am-Ipw.
tcmKsØ tcn-Sp-tºmƒ Ah m´m--I-fn¬
n∂pw ap-jy-cn-te°v ]I-cm-Xn-cn-°m≥˛Zoonosis
F∂p-]-dbpw ˛ {]tXyIw {i≤n-°-Ww.
ChnsS Hcp Imcyw B DS-a-ÿ-cpw, ]m∏m-∑mcpw
{]tXyIw {i≤n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. m´m nß-fpsS _‘-
-Øn-em-Wv. Ah-bpsS kzm`m-hn-I-amb Np‰p-]m-Sn¬
Pohn-°p-hm≥ Ahbv°v nh¿Øn-bn-√m. AXn-m¬
IrXy-ambpw imkv{Xo-b-am-bp-ap≈ ]cn-N-c-Ww, `£Ww
Ch ¬In-bm¬ Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc Cu an≠m-{]m-Wn-Isf
tcmK-ß-fn¬ n∂pw c£n-°m-m-Ipw. RmmZyw ]d-
™Xv H∂pIqSn Du∂n-∏-d-bs´ ""nhm-cWw ∂p NnIn-
’-tb-°mƒ''
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75. 73Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 73Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
tUm. C.-sI. Cuiz-c≥
kon-b¿ sh‰dn-dn
k¿P≥, arK kwc-£W hIp∏v
sF.-bp.-kn.-F≥. Gjy≥ B
kvs]jy-enÃv kaXn AwKw, ap≥
t^msdÃv sh‰dn-dn Hm^o-k¿
B∏m∏m≥am-cpsS
]cn-io-ew
B ]cn-]m-ew Hcp kmt¶-XnI tPmen-bm-Wv. a‰p kmt¶-XnI
sXmgn-ep-I-sf-t∏mse CXnpw IrXy-amb ]cn-io-ew Bh-iy-am-Wv. ]gb
ImeØv Ipe-sØm-gn-¬t]m-setbm IpSpw_sØmgn¬t]m-setbm Hs°
sIm≠p--S∂ ]m∏m≥ sXmgn¬ A—-s‚tbm AΩm-h-s‚tbm AXp-t]mse
D≈ ASpØ Bƒ°m-cp-sS-IqsS hfsc sNdp-∏-Øn-te-IqSn ]Tn-s®-Sp-
Øn-cp∂ Hcp Adn-hm-bn-cp-∂p. XpS-°-Øn¬ Blmcw ]mIw sNømpw
XpWn Ae-°mpw B°v ]´ sh´mpw Ipfn-∏n-°mpw a‰p kma¥
tPmen-Iƒ°v klm-bn®pw a‰pw apXn¿∂ ]m∏ms‚ hnizmkw tSn
Bsb nb-{¥n-°p-∂-Xn-p≈ kmt¶-XnI ]cn-⁄mw tSn Imcy-ti-
jn-bp≈ Hcp B-∏m-∏m-mbn amdp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p coXn. aq∂mw ]m∏mtm
c≠mw ]m∏mtm Bbn-´m-bn-cn°pw XpS-°w. F∂m¬ C∂v CXc hnZy-I-
sf-t∏mse B-∏-Wn Hcp ]cn-io-e--Øn-eqsS ttS≠ H∂mbn amdn-bn-
cn-°p-∂p. hf-sc-b-[nIw _p≤n-bpw, i‡n-bpw, I≠pw tI´pw nco-£n®pw
Ap-`-h-Øn-eq-sSbpw a- n-em-°m-p≈ Ign-hpw, £am-io-e-hpw, Ap-
I-ºbpw ]m∏m-∑m¿°v An-hm-cy-am-Wv. amdnb Pohn-X-ssien ]e-t∏mgpw
CØcw Imcy-ß-fn¬ hn´p-ho-gvN-bv°v Im-c-W-am-Ip-∂p.
B-Isf hntmZ k©m-c-Øn-pw, D’-h-Øn-pw, XSn-]n-Sn-∏n-°pI
Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ ]Wn-Iƒ°pw, arK-im-e-I-fn¬ {]Z¿i--Ønpw a‰p-amWv
Ct∏mƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®p-h-cp-∂-Xv.
B-I-fpsS Bhm-k-hy-h-ÿ, imco-cn-Ihpw am-kn-Ihpw Bb
{]tXy-I-X-Iƒ, B-bpsS ax-im-kv{Xw, a¿Ω-߃, `£-W-co-Xn-Iƒ,
.......................................................................................................

77. 75Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 75Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
t]mjWw (nutrition), Xo‰-{I-aw, ]cn-io-e apd-Iƒ,
hnhn[ nb-{¥W am¿§-߃, nb-{¥W D]-I-c-W-
ßfpw Ah-bpsS {]tbmK coXn-Ifpw Ah D≠m-°m-
hp∂ A]-I-S-ß-fpw, s]mSn-X-´¬, XWp-∏n-°¬, Ipfn-
∏n-°¬/XpS-°¬, Bbpw ]m∏mpw XΩn-¬ Bfl-
_‘w krjvSn-°p-∂-Xn-p≈ am¿§-߃, tcmK-߃ ˛
B-I-fn¬ ImWp∂ hnhn[Xcw ]cmZ tcmK-߃,
_mIvSo-cnb tcmK-߃, sshdkv tcmK-߃, ]mZ-tcm-
Kw, t{X tcmKw, k‘n-ho°w XpS-ßn-b-h-bpsS e£-
W-߃, NnIn’m coXn-Iƒ, IqSmsX a‰p m´p NnIn-
’-Iƒ, tcmK nb-{¥Ww F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Adn-
hv, B-°m-cv sXmgn¬]-c-am-bpw, PohnX ssien-bn-
eq-sSbpw D≠m-Im-hp∂ tcmK-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ t_m[-
h¬°-c-W-hpw, {]Xn-tcm[ am¿§-ß-fpw, D’-hw, Fgp-
∂-≈n-∏v, B-∏p-dØv Ib-d-epw Cd-ß-epw, _¥-h-kv,
XSn-]n-Sp-Øw, B-kw-c-£W nb-a-߃, P¥p-t£a
nb-a-߃, B-Isf bm{X sNøn-°p-tºmƒ {i≤n-
t°≠ Imcy-߃. temdn bm{X: Ib-‰p-tºmgpw Cd-°p-
tºmgpw {i≤n-t°≠ Imcy-߃ ˛ tdmUv nb-a-߃ ˛
tdmUn-eq-sS-bp≈ bm{X ˛ tdmUv kpc£ ˛ sdbn¬th
sKbn‰v apdn®v IS-Øp-tºmƒ {i≤n-t°≠ Imcy-߃ ˛
KXm-KX Nn”-߃/AS-bm-f-߃, hml--߃ hml-
-߃°p-≠m-bn--cn-t°≠ Ahiy hyh-ÿ-Iƒ, B
hnc-≠m¬ {i≤n-t°≠/sNtø≠ Imcy-߃, Fgp-∂-
≈n-∏p-I-fn¬ FSp-t°≠ ap≥ Icp-X-e-p-Iƒ, CS-®-ß-
e, S Aacw ]q´pI XpS-ßnb nb-a-߃ s]mXp-P--
߃°nS-bn¬ Bsb Fgp-∂-≈n-°p-
tºmƒ {i≤n-t°≠ Imcy-߃, B-
t{]-an-Iƒ Bsb kao-]n-°p-tºmƒ {i≤n-t°≠ Imcy-
߃, B-bp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Zpc-¥-߃, tdmUv A]-
I-S-߃, a‰v {]IrXn Zpc-¥-߃, B-°m-c≥
BcmWv?˛ F¥mWv Ahs ad-dp-≈-h-cn¬ n∂pw
hyXy-kvX-m-°p-∂Xv {]mY-anI Ah-Im-i-߃ ˛ ]ucm-
h-Im-i-߃ ˛ `c-W-L-Sm {]Im-c-ap≈ Ah-Im-i-߃
˛ Hcp ]ucs‚ IS-a-Iƒ, cmPy-Øn-tm-Sp≈ IS-a-Iƒ
˛ B∏m∏m-∑m-cpsS sXmgn¬˛thX Ah-Im-i-߃
˛ ]e sXmgn-ep-I-fpw, B {]Z¿i Ah-k-c-ß-fnepw
Ahv e`n-t°≠ Ah-Im-i-߃ ˛ IpSpw-_-Øn-tmSpw
sXmgn¬ZmXm-°-tfmSpw B-I-tfmSpw a‰p-ap≈ IS-a-
Iƒ, Ah-Imi ewL-w, Ae-`yX F∂n-h-bn¬ kzoI-
cn-t°≠ nba am¿§-߃, ap-jys‚ ax-im-kv{Xw,
a v ˛ {]tXy-I-X-Iƒ, arK-ßfpw ap-jy-cp-tSbpw
atm-hn-Im-c-߃, am-knI nb-{¥-Ww ˛ Bbp pw
a- pw-˛-k-Ω¿± nb-{¥W am¿§-߃ ˛ {]mY-anI Imcy-
߃ ˛ aZy-]m-w, ]pI-hen a‰p elcn hkvXp-°-fpsS
Zpcp-]-tbmKw, t_m-[-h¬°-c-Ww, XpS-ßn-bh ]cn-io-
e--Ønse hnj-b-ß-fm-Wv.
tIc-f-Ønse hw hy-Pohn hIp∏v ]m∏m-
∑m¿°mbn {lkz-Ime, Zo¿L-Ime ]cn-io-e ]cn-]m-
Sn-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. apXn¿∂ ]m∏m-∑m-cp-sSbpw,
sh‰dn-dn tUmIvS¿am-cp-sSbpw, nb-a-hn-Z-Kv[-cp-sSbpw,
arK-kvt-ln-I-fp-sSbpw, ax-imkv{X hnZ-Kv≤-∑m-cp-
sSbpw a‰pw Iq´m-bva-bmWv CØcw ¢mkp-Iƒ
ssIImcyw sNøp-∂-Xv. temIØv ]e-`m-K-ß-fnepw
]m∏mv ]cn-io-ew S-Øp-∂p-≠v.
.........................................................................................................

79. 77Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 77Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
B F∂p-tI-´m¬Øs∂ IuXp-I-amWv km[m-cW F√m ap-
jy¿°pw. Ahsb nco-£n-°p-∂Xn¬ bmsXmcp aSn∏pan√mØ B
t{]an-I-tfbpw ap-s°√mw ]cn-N-b-ap-≠m-Ipw. Im´m m´n-en-dßn `oXn-
]-cØn F∂ hm¿Ø-Iƒ Ct∏mƒ h¿≤n-®p-h-cp-I-bm-Wv. Poh-Pm-e-ß-
fpsS Bhmk hyh-ÿbv°p ]qc-I-ß-f-√mØ Irjn-am¿§-ßfpw
]m¿∏nS kap-®-b-ßfpw CØcw G‰p-ap-´-ep-Iƒ°v hgn-sbm-cp-°p∂p
F∂ kXzw hnth-I-im-en-Iƒ Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p.
Im´n-se-Ønb m´m--bv°v h∂ Zp¿K-Xn-bmWv ChnsS Ipdn°p-∂-
Xv. km[m-cW Nnet∏m-sg-¶nepw Xo{h- P¥p-kvt-ln-Iƒ ]d-bm-dp-≠t√m,
m´n¬ n¬°p∂ B-Isfsbms° Im´n¬ sIm≠p-t]mbn Agn®v kzX-
{¥-am-bn-hn´v kt¥m-jn-∏n-°Ww F∂v. h¿j-߃°p ap≥]mWv Cu kw`-
hw. Xncp-h--¥-]pcw Pn√-bnse imsJmen h-{]-tZ-iØv Im´nse Iq∏v
]Wn-°mbnt∏mb alm-tZ-h≥ F∂ B-bpsS n¬]pw Xe-sb-Sp∏pw
H∂pw Im´nse {]amWn sImºv Xosc ]nSn-®n√ F∂p-tXm-∂p∂p. B-
bpsS DS-a-ÿs‚ hI ]Wn-bv°m-bn-´mWv Ahn-tSbv°v F´-c-b-Sn-bn-e-
[nIw s]m°-ap≈ m´nse sImº≥ FØn-b-Xv. km[m-cW Bfp-I-fpsS
A-°hpw ]Wnbpw S-°p∂ `mK-tØ°v Im´m--°q´w hcm-dn-√. ]t£
Znhkw o≠ ]Wn-bv°p-tijw hn{i-aØn-em-bn-cp∂ alm-tZ-hs Im´m-
-h∂v B{I-an-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Iq∏nse ]Wn-°mcpw ]m∏m≥amcpw _l-
tUm. _n. Ac-hnμv
tIcf k¿°m¿
arK kwc-£W hIp-∏n¬
kon-b¿ sh‰n-dn k¿P≥
Bbn tkh--a-p-jvTn-°p-∂p.
B-Iƒ ]nW-ßn-b-t∏mƒ
.....................................................................................

81. 79Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 79Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
fw-Iq´n Hcp hn[-Øn¬ Im´m-sb ]n¥n-cn-∏n-®p. ]s£
Ft¥m H∂v a- n¬ hnNm-cn-∏n-®p-d-∏n-®-Xp-t]mse
]pe¿s® Im´p-sIm-º≥ ho≠p-saØn alm-tZ-hs
IpØp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. of-ap≈ aq¿®-tb-dnb sImºp-
I-fp≈ Im´m--bpsS B{I-a-W-Øn¬ alm-tZ-hs‚
heXp hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ°n-S-bnepw CSXp XpS-bnepw kmc-
amb apdn-hp-I-fp-≠m-bn. Iq∏nse ]Wn-°m¿ hf-sc- ]-
Wn-s∏´v Im´m-sb HmSn-bv°p-∂-Xn¬ hnP-bn-s®-¶nepw
Ah≥ ho≠pw B{I-an-°p-hm≥ Xcw-]m¿Øv kao-]-
{]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ ne-sIm-≈p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
cmhnse shfn®w IqSn-h-∂-t∏m-tgbv°pw alm-tZ-
hs‚ apdn-hp-Iƒ Kpcp-X-c-am-sW∂v ]m∏m-∑m¿°v
t_m[y-am-bn. hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ°n-S-bn-eqsS amwk-`mKw
X≈n-h-cp-Ibpw AXn-eqsS hmbp Ipan-f-Iƒ
s]mbvs°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu
hm¿Ø-b-dn™p ]cn-{`-an® BDS-a-ÿs‚ Bh-iy-
{]-Imcw c≠v aWn-°q-dn-e-[nIw k©-cn®v Rm≥ Iq∏n-
se-Øn. apdn-hp-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-®-t∏mƒ B-bpsS izmk-
tIm-i-Øn-te°p Xpf-®p-I-b-dp∂ {]tbm-K-amWv Im´m
S-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v a- n-em-bn. ]n≥`m-K-t؉
IpØnv GI-tZiw c≠-Sn-bn-e-[nIw Bg-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
Im´n¬sh-®p≈ NnIn’ _p≤n-ap-´m-b-Xn-m¬
m´n¬sIm-≠p-h∂p NnIn-’n-°p-∂-Xn-s-°p-dn®v
Btem-Nn-®p. ]s£ izmk-tImiw Xpf™ Bsb
temdn-bn¬ Ib‰n Xma-kw- h-cpØn m´n-se-Øn-bv°p-
tºmƒ B-bpsS Pohv Fs¥-¶nepw A]-ISw ]nW-
™mtem F∂p≈ Bi-¶bpw Hcp Xocp-am--sa-Sp-°p-
hm≥ _p≤n-ap-´p-≠m-°n. ]pe¿®-bv°p≈ B{I-a-W-Øn-
p-ti-jhpw Im´p-sIm-º≥ kao-]-{]-tZ-iØv ho≠pw
h∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xv alm-tZ-hv ho≠p-samcp B{I-
asØ tcn-tS-≠n-h-cptam F∂ Nn¥bpw
IqSp-X¬ `b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p.
CØcw kμ¿`-ß-fn¬ Hcp Xocp-amw FSp-°p-
∂Xv hfsc _p≤-nap-´mWv. Ah-kmw F¥p-Xs∂ kw`-
hn-®mepw Bsb Im´n-p-≈n¬sh®v ikv{X-{Inb
sNøm-sa∂pw tijw m´n-tebv°v temdn-bn¬ am‰m-sa-
∂p≈ Xocp-am--Øn¬ Rmpw DS-abpw FØn-t®¿∂p.
B-bpsS izmk-tIm-i-Øns‚ `mK-Øp≈ apdnhv Xp∂-
en´v ASp-∏n-bv°-W-sa-¶n¬ P-d¬ A-kvXo-knb
¬tI-≠-Xm-bn-´p-≠v. kztX t_m[w sISp-Øp-hm-p≈
acp-∂p-Iƒ izmk-K-Xnsb aμo-`-hn-∏n-°pw. ChnsS izkn-
bv°p-hm≥ _p≤n-ap-´p≈ B-bv°v CØcw acp-∂p-Iƒ
D≠m-°n-tb-°m-hp∂ ]m¿iz-^-e-߃ IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-
sIm≠v Rc-ºp-I-fn-eqsS ab-°-Ønpth-≠n-bp≈ acp-
∂p-Iƒ IS-Øn-hn-´p. a‰p _p≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ IqSmsX B
KmV-amb Dd-°-Øn-te°v oßn. Xp∂-ep-Iƒ B-
bpsS I´n-bp≈ sXmen-bn¬ CSp-∂Xpw tijw Ah
Iq´n-b-Sp-∏n-bv°p-∂Xpw {ia-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ Iq∏n-
ep≈ tPmen-°m-cp-sSbpw IqSn klm-b-tØmsS B
apdnhv ^e-{]-Z-ambn Xp∂n-b-S-∏n-bv°p-hm≥ Ign-™p.
B-bv°p-th≠ a‰p acp-∂p-Ifpw ¬In-b-Xn-p-tijw
]n≥`m-KsØ apdn-hp-Ifpw IgpIn hrØn-bm°n acp-
∂psh®v Bsb ab-°-Øn¬ n∂pw DW¿Øp-hm-
mbn adp-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ ¬In. a‰p _p≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ ImWn-
°msX alm-tZ-h≥ kz¥w Imep-I-fn¬ Fgp-t∂‰v n∂-
t∏m-gmWv icnbv°pw kam-[m--am-b-Xv.
]n∂oSv Hcp aWn-°q-dn-p-tijw Bsb temdn-
bn¬ Ib‰n GI-tZiw 40 Intem ao‰¿ AI-se-bp≈
DS-a-bpsS ho´n¬ FØn-bv°p-hm≥ km[n-®-tXmsS
Bsb c£-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-p≈ Bfl-hn-izmkw h¿≤n-
®p. ]n∂o-Sp≈ {ia-I-c-amb NnIn’ aq∂v amk-tØmfw
o≠p-n-∂p. B-bpsS apdn-hp-I-sf√mw t`Z-ambn Pohn-
®Xv XnI®pw A¤p-X-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. NnIn-’-bnse
CØcw c£-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Isf ssZh-Øns‚ Ir]-I-Sm-
£-ambn Rm≥ Icp-X-s´.
...........................................................................................................................

82. kzmantb ic-W-a-ø-∏........ Pp-hcn 11, 2017 ˛ `‡n Km-kp[
Sponsored by:-

83. 81Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017 81Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2017
{io[¿ hnPbIrjvW≥
hy-Pohn imkv{X-Øn¬
_ncp-Zm--μc _ncp-Z-Øn-p-tijw
Kth-jImWv. {][m
Kth-jW taJ-e-Iƒ
B-I-fpsS kmaq-lnI
Poh-Xw, hy-Pohn
FtUm{In-tm-f-Pn-.
m´m ]cn-]m-e taJ-e-
bnse Ncn-{X-kmw-kvIm-cnI
coXn-Isf Ipdn®v [mcmfw
teJ--߃ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p≠v.
]meIm]y≥ Nn¥Ifpw
kaImeo KPkwc£Whpw
]cn]mehpw
hymkvX{X kptJmjnXm hn[n himZv
{KmamhXo¿Wm KPm:
_‘mkvXo£vWISp{KhmKv`ncXnipKv
`otaml_‘mZn`n:
DZzn·m› a:icocPnssX¿
ZpxssJcXohm£am:
{]mWm≥ [mcbnXpw Nncw chiw
{]m]vX: kzbqYmZY.
Im´n¬ XßfpsS Bhmk hyhÿbn¬ kpJtemep]cmbn
Ign™ncp∂ BIƒ hn[nhim¬ {KmaØnseØn, ISp∏hpw
AXyp{Khpamb hm°pIfmepw, `bw, _‘w F∂nhbmepw, kzP
hnclØmepw, a npw, icocØnpw t¢iw h∂v A£acmbn,
{]mW≥ nen¿Øm≥ NncImew apjycpsS A[oXbn¬
hknt°≠Xmbn hcp∂p.
amXwKeoe. KPc£mZnhnNmcw t«m. 1
X¿÷a IS∏mSv: sNdph≈n mcmbW≥ ºqXncnbpsS amXwKeoe
C{]ImcamIp∂p oeIWvThNw. q‰m≠pIƒ°p apt∂
amXwKeoemImc≥ ]meIm]yhNßsf tIm¿ØnW°n,
..............................................................................................