Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products

Kissmetrics on SlideShare
Kissmetrics on SlideSharePresenter at Kissmetrics.com
Nir Eyal!
Hooked: How to Build Habit-
Forming Products
April 2014!
@DanielMcgaw #KISSwebinar
Join us on Twi er!
@nireyal #KISSwebinar
Join us on Twi er!
Nir Eyal
Author
@nireyal!
Presenter!
Nir Eyal writes, consults, and teaches about the
intersection of psychology, technology, and
business. Nir founded and sold two companies
since 2003 and has taught the "Using
Neuroscience to Influence Human Behavior"
course as a lecturer at the Stanford Graduate
School of Business.
WATCH THIS WEBINAR RECORDING NOW
Hooked
@nireyal!
Products!can!profoundly!!
CHANGE'OUR'BEHAVIORS.!
100 s!of!millions!of!
users…!
…and!100 s!of!!
millions!of!dollars.!
P!A!
A'BEHAVIOR'DONE'WITH!
CONSCIOUS'!
THOUGHT!
LITTLE'OR'NO''!
hab·it!
HEALTHTAP!
REV!
POCKET!
BIA!
LUMO!
7CUPS!
EMODT!
PANTRYLABS!
Habitscanbeusedforgood.!
REFRESH.IO!
Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products
Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products
Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products
Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products
HABITS'ARE''
BUILT'UPON''
like!the!layers!of!a!
pearl.!
Triggers!come!in!two!flavors:!
EXTERNAL'&''
INTERNAL!
EXTERNAL'TRIGGERS'
The!informa@on!for!what!to!do!next!!
is!within!the!trigger.!
Billboards! SODA!
INTERNAL'TRIGGERS'
The!informa@on!for!what!to!do!next!is!informed!!
through!an!associa@on!in!the!user s!memory.!
Nega@ve!emo@ons!are!POWERFUL'INTERNAL'TRIGGERS.!
lost!
indecisive!
tense!
faDgued!inferior!
bored!
confused!
fear!of!loss!
dissaDsfied!
powerless!
discouraged!
lonesome!
People!who!are!DEPRESSED'CHECK'EMAIL'MORE'OFTEN.!
!!Source:(Ko*kalapudi(et(al(2012!
When!we!feel!LONELY!we!use!
When!we!feel!UNSURE!we!!use!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
When!we!are!BORED!we!use!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Do you know your customer s !
INTERNAL TRIGGER?!
What!triggers!make!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!so!habitIforming?!
!external!triggers!
of!losing!the!moment.!
solves!the!pain!
But!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!is!also!
a!social!network.!
Urgeto
preserve!
Stressed!
Lonely!
Curious!
Insecurity!
Bored!
Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products
The!
SIMPLEST'BEHAVIOR!
in!an@cipa@on!of!a!reward.!
Scroll!
Search!
Play!
According!to!BJ!Fogg,!for!any!behavior!to!occur,!
we!need!MOTIVATION,'ABILITY,'and!a!TRIGGER!
b=m+a+t!
THE'ENERGY'FOR'ACTION !
mo·ti·va·tion!
5Edward(Deci!
THERE'ARE'SIX'FACTORS'
THAT'CAN'INCREASE'
MOTIVATION.!
SeekingPleasure
AvoidingPain
SeekingHope
AvoidingFear
SeekingAcceptance
AvoidingRejection!
Source:!Dr.!BJ!Fogg,!Stanford!University!!!
ABILITY!
the capacity to do
a particular action!
Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products
Fogg!Behavior!Model!
MOTIVATION!
ABILITY!
Level'of'moDvaDon'and'ability'
determines'if'acDon'will'occur.!
Source:!Dr.!BJ!Fogg,!Stanford!University!
TRIGGER'!
SUCCEEDS!
TRIGGER'!
FAILS!
through'the'years!
2009!
2010! 2011! 2012! 2014!
2009!
2010!
2011! 2012!
through'the'years!
2014!
2009! 2010! 2011! 2012!
2014!
through'the'years!
LOG IN WITH GOOGLE
Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products
studied!by!Olds!&!Milner.!
NUCLEUS'!
It!all!starts!with!the!
ACCUMBENS!
!!Source:!Olds!and!Milner,!1945!
The!nucleus!accumbens!!
is!ac@vated!when!!
we!crave.!
Olds & Milner!
Notexactly.!
stimulating!
pleasure?!
Were!
They!were!s@mula@ng!the!!
STRESS'OF'DESIRE.!
Our!reward!system!ac@vates!!
with!an@cipa@on!
Source:!Knutson!et!al!2001!!!
…!and!calms!when!!
we!get!what!we!want.!
Source:!Knutson!et!al!2001!
That s!the!ITCH!
we!seek!to!SCRATCH.!
There!is!a!way!to!supercharge!the!stress!of!desire.!
Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products
IS'FASCINATING.!
THE'UNKNOWN!
Variability!causes!us!to!!
focus!and!engagement!
…and!increases!behavior.!
The!nucleus!accumbens!is!s@mulated!
by!variability.!
3'types'of'VARIABLE'REWARDS!
TRIBE! HUNT! SELF!
HabitIforming!tech!uses!1'OR'MORE!
TRIBE!
SEARCH'FOR!
SOCIAL'REWARDS!
partnership!empatheticjoy! competition!
We!Like!social!rewards.!
We!value!recogni@on!and!coopera@on!
HUNT!
SEARCH'FOR!
RESOURCES!
Stems!from!the!hunt!for!food!and!resources!
Hunt!for!variable!material!rewards!
Hunt!!
for!variable!
informa@on!!
rewards.!
SELF!
SELFVACHIEVEMENT!
SEARCH'FOR!
LevelingIup!reflects!MASTERY'and'COMPETENCY.!
Inbox!or!task!management!reflects!!
CONSISTENCY'and'COMPLETION.!
WARNING!
Variable!rewards!are!not!a!free!pass.!!
Your!product!s@ll!must!address!the!itch.!
Build!variable!rewards!that!scratch!the!users!itch,!
but!leave!them!wan@ng!more.!
Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products
Users! invest !for!future!benefits.!
Social
Capital!
Money!
Time!
Effort!
Emotional
Commitment!
Personal
Data!
Investments increase the
likelihood of the next pass
through the Hook in
TWO
ways.!
1.!
INVESTMENTS'
LOAD'THE'!
NEXT'TRIGGER''''!
'''OF'THE'HOOK.!
Each!new!message!posted!on!
is!an!open!
invita@on!for!an!
external!trigger!to!
be!returned.!
Loading!the!next!trigger!with!Pin!It!bu^on!!
INVESTMENTS'STORE'VALUE,''
improving!the!product!with!use.!2.!
CONTENT!
DATA!
FOLLOWERS!
REPUTATION!
30!
Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products
Each!pass!through!the!Hook!helps!!
SHAPE'USER'PREFERENCES'AND'ATTITUDES.!
That!was!a!lot!!
…!more!at:!
NirAndFar.com!
The'HOOK'Canvas!
1.!What!internal!trigger!is!!!!!!!
the!product!addressing?!
2.!What!external!trigger!!!!!!!!
gets!the!user!to!the!product?!
4.!Is!the!reward!
fulfilling,!yet!leaves!the!
user!wan@ng!more?!
3.!What!is!the!simplest!
behavior!in!an@cipa@on!
of!reward?!
5.!What! bit!of!work !is!done!
to!increase!the!likelihood!of!
returning?!
THE'MORALITY!
OF'MANIPULATION!
Designing!!
habitIforming!!
products!is!a!form!
of!manipula@on.!
Users!take!our!technologies!to!bed.!
They!check!our!devices!before!saying! good!
morning !to!loved!ones.!
Quite!possibly,!the!!!
CIGARETTE'OF''
THIS'CENTURY. '
5(Ian(Bogust!
What!!
RESPONSIBILITY!!
do!we!have!when!!
changing!user!behavior?!
THE'WORLD'IS'FULL'OF'PROBLEMS'TO'FIX.!
Help!others!find!meaning.!Engage!them!in!
something!important.!
Build!the!!
THE'WORLD.!
you!want!to!see!in!
CHANGE!
THANK YOU!
Nir Eyal
@nireyal!
1 of 96

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