Instructional media refers to the physical resources and materials that teachers use to deliver instruction and help students achieve learning objectives. This includes traditional materials like chalkboards and videos, as well as newer technologies like computers, the internet, and interactive videoconferencing. Instructional media can be categorized into different types including real objects, printed text/visuals, display boards, audio/video files, software, and web-based resources. Effective use of instructional media requires preparation from teachers, such as ensuring equipment works properly, designating time for media use, and staying up-to-date on new technologies.

1. WHAT IS INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA?
Instructional media incorporates all the
resources and physical means an instructor
may use to deliver instruction and facilitate
students' achievement of instructional
objectives. This may include traditional
materials such as chalkboards, handouts,
charts, slides, overheads, real objects, and
videotape or film, as well newer materials
and methods such as computers, DVDs, CD-
ROMs, the Internet, and interactive video
conferencing.

2. CATEGORIES OF INSTRUCTIONAL
MEDIA
 Real objects and models
 Printed text (books, handouts, worksheets)
 Printed visuals (pictures, photos, drawings, charts,
graphs)
 Display boards (chalk, bulletin, multipurpose)
 Interactive whiteboards
 Overhead transparencies

3. CATEGORIES OF INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA
CONT’D
 Slides and filmstrips
 Audio (tape, disc, voice)
 Video and film (tape, disc)
 Television (live)
 Computer software
 The Web

4. TEACHER PREPAREDNESS FOR THE USE OF &
DESIGN OF MEDIA
Looking around at society today, internet, social media and
electronic devices are dominating the environment. It is
therefore fitting that teachers adapt to their surroundings
to use what the students already know or current as
resources that can make the lessons even more interesting
and captivating to the students. The use of instructional
media within the classroom takes a considerable amount of
time and planning, however once done correctly can be
beneficial to both the teacher and students.

5. TEACHER PREPAREDNESS FOR THE USE OF &
DESIGN OF MEDIA CONT’D
 Create a class blog. Have a sessions for both parents and
students where the blog would be introduced, how it
works, what would be done, what would be expected of
the students as well as its benefits.
 Prepare access to activities related to concepts being
taught.
 Ensure all materials, laptop, computer, speaker projector
and peripheral devices, are fully functional before
attempting usage.

6. TEACHER PREPAREDNESS FOR THE USE OF &
DESIGN OF MEDIA CONT’D
 Designate allotted time for usage and interaction with
supplemental devices, materials and resources in the
computer laboratory or in the classroom whether in
peers, groups or individually. Most importantly allow the
students time to share what they have learned.
 Always research, learn and keep abreast with the latest
technological advances and strategies and how they can
be incorporated in the classroom, into the lessons or how
they can simply help aid students’ understanding.

7. REFERENCES
 Horton, W., & Horton, K. (2003). E-learning tools and
technologies: A consumer’s guide for trainers, teachers,
educators, and instructional designers. Indianapolis: John
Wiley & Sons.
 Newby, T. J., Stepich, D. A., Lehman, J. D., & Russell, J. D.
(1999). Instructional technology for teaching and learning:
Designing instruction, integrating computers, and using
media (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall
Career & Technology.
 Samaldino, S.E.,Russell, J. D., Heinich,R, and Molenda,M.
(2012). Instructional technology and media for learning.
(10th Edition). New Jersey: Pearson Merrill Prentice.