RockTrib partnes are hard rock tribology experts within the area of mining, drilling and rock excavation. The first RockTrib seminar was arranged at Tampere University of Technology in November 2014. More info: http://www.tut.fi/en/rocktrib

2. RockTrib
Nordic Hard Rock Tribology Network
ž The network is formed to support Nordic
collaboration
ž Norway, Sweden and Finland have now high
focus on use of natural resources, thermal
energy, gas and oil drilling
ž The participating groups have a long experience
in complementary tribology research
ž This collaboration will strengthen the position of
Nordic countries in the EU and globally within the
area of mining, drilling and rock excavation with
emphasize in hard rock tribology

3. Participating groups
ž Dalarna University
ž Luleå University of Technology
ž Norwegian University of Science
and Technology
ž SINTEF
ž Tampere University of Technology
Tampere Wear Center
ž Uppsala University
ž VTT Technical Research Centre of
Finland

4. Research focus areas
ž Fundamental understanding of wear mechanisms
• Modeling and simulation of wear processes
• Development of wear characterization methods
• Development and characterization of materials for hard rock
applications
• Properties of rocks and minerals
• Abrasiveness, crushability, strength, …
• Tribocorrosion in drilling and rock excavation
ž Development of wear testing methods
• Industrial applications
ž Multiscale approach to laboratory tests and simulations

5. Activities
žResearch
• Collaborative projects
• Researcher exchange
ž Basic courses
ž Seminars
ž Planned researcher networks
• Nordic Centre of Excellence
• Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) -
Initial Training Network (ITN)

6. Dalarna University
ž Has long experience in both fundamental and applied
tribology research
ž Has access to a wide range of:
• Mechanical test equipment
• Tribological test equipment
• Equipment for microscopy and surface analysis
ž Current projects in the RockTrib area covers;
• Wear of cemented carbide in rock drilling
• Tribological performance of wear resistant steels in mining and
earth moving equipment

7. Tribo test equipment
ž Micro- / Nano-indenter
(CSM, Micro Combi Tester)
ž Scratch tester
(CSM, Revetest)
žTribometer
(CSM, HT-Tribometer)
ž Abrasion tester
(Gatan, Dimple Grinder)
ž Impact tester
(BYK-Gardner ISO Tester)
žRheometer
(Anton Paar, Physica MCR 301)
Tribo testing and post test characterization for understanding
the fundamental surface failure and wear mechanisms
of cemented carbide in rock tribology

8. Microscopy and Surface analysis
ž Ion beam cutter for sample preparation (Leica EM TIC 3x)
ž Optical surface profilometer (WYKO NT 9100)
ž FEG-SEM (Zeiss Ultra 55)
ž EDS-system (INCA Energy)
ž EBSD-system (Ultrafast Nordlys F400)
ž SEM testing stage (Gatan Microtest 5000W)
ž SAM (PHI 700Xi Auger Nanoprobe)
ž ToF-SIMS (PHI TRIFT II)
ž FTIR (Perkin Elmer Spectrum I)
ž LOM (Leica DMRME)
Cross section of worn
cemented carbide drill bit button

9. Tribology research at
Luleå University of Technology
The Machine Elements research group
ž 5 Professors (Erik Höglund, Braham Prakash, Roland Larsson, Elisabet
Kassfeldt, Ichior Minami)
ž 4 Associate professors (Andreas Almqvist, Nazanin Emami, Pär Marklund,
Jens Hardell)
ž 1 Associate Senior Lecturer (Kim Berglund)
ž 2 Researchers (Anders Pettersson, Marcus Björling)
ž 2 Post-doctoral researchers
ž 17 Doctoral students
ž 1 Research Engineer (Tore Serrander)
Multi-national!
Bangladesh, China, Ethiopia, Germany, India,
Iran, Japan, Mexico, Spain, Sweden, USA

10. Research areas
ž Lubrication and lubricants
• Boundary, mixed and full film
lubrication
• Base fluid properties
• Lubricant rheology
• EALs
ž Tribology of machine
components
• Gears, bearings, seals,
clutches, wheels/rails,
hydraulic motor components,
and many more ….
ž Modelling
• Contact between real rough
surfaces
• Lubrication in all regimes
• ….
ž Friction & wear of materials
— Metals, ceramics, polymers
— Unlubricated/lubricated
— High and low temperature
ž Tribomaterials
— Engine bearing materials
— Tool steels
— Nano-bainitic steels
ž Surface modification
— Self-lubricating coatings
— Wear resistant coatings
ž Tribotesting
ž High temperature tribology
— Hot forming
ž Biotribology

11. Tribolab – established in 2003
Equipment
ž Surface analysis (3D optical surface profiler and stylus instrument)
ž Rolling/sliding twin-disc tribometer
ž Rotary tribometer (rolling/sliding four ball, thrust washer configurations)
ž Pin on disc tests
ž Bearing tests (rolling and sliding, thrust and journal, oscillating)
ž Reciprocating friction and wear tests (R.T. to 900°C)
ž Viscometers, rheometers, ball-on-bar apparatus
ž Rolling/sliding ball-on-disc tribometer incorporating optical interferometry (WAM)
ž FZG gear test rig
ž High temperature tribometer for hot sheet metal forming simulation
ž High temperature nanoindenter

12. NTNU & SINTEF: TribologyLab
ž The TribologyLab is a collaboration between NTNU and
SINTEF and integrally linked with the activities of the
Gemini Centre "Tribology"
ž The lab is well equipped to fulfill a wide range of research
and industrial needs.
• Pin on disk
• Multi-station friction and wear test machine
• Rubber Wheel
• Erosion-corrosion
• Tribocorrosion
• Surface characterization - Confocal microscopy, SEM, optical
microscopy, profilometry, FIB, XRD, XPS, EPMA
• Microhardness and nanoindentation

13. The goals of the TribologyLab
ž Research on tribocorrosion: sliding-corrosion and erosion-corrosion
ž Research on tribological problems related with dry and
lubricated systems
ž Research on modelling tribology
ž Research on in-situ tribology
ž To support the industries in finding solutions related to
wear, lubrication, friction, and maintenance
ž To function as a meeting point between the industries and
European research centres and universities
ž To educate engineers and scientists in tribological aspects

14. Tampere Wear Center
ž Tampere Wear Center (TWC) concentrates on both basic and applied
aspects of wear and tribology
• Bridges the gap between scientific basic research and applied industrial
research and product development
• Provides in-depth insight into the mechanisms of wear and thereby facilitate
the development of new wear resistant materials and to find solutions to the
practical wear problems constantly faced by the industry
• Wear and tribology research is conducted in close collaboration with several
internationally recognized partners
ž Recent projects in the RockTrib focus area:
• FIMECC BSA, Design beyond present codes: Materials in Mining Industry
• Optimization, prediction and design guidelines for improved wear life of novel steels
and metallic multimaterials
• FIMECC HYBRIDS, Multifunctional thick coatings and composites
• FIMECC DEMAPP, Wear resistant materials and solutions (2009-2014)
• Characterization and development of the microstructure, properties and
performance of wear resistant materials for selected environments
• Modeling and simulation of wear processes

15. Tampere Wear Center has excellent
infrastructure for wear research
ž Wear testing: Pin-on-disk/Ball-on-disk, Crushing
pin-on-disk, Uniaxial crusher, Dual pivoted jaw
crusher, Impeller-tumbler, Erosion tester, High-speed
slurry-pot type erosion tester, Cavitation
erosion tester, High velocity particle impactor, Ball-on-
block, Hammer mill, High-speed sliding test rig,
Single disc refiner, crusher, Block-on-ring, Rubber
wheel abrasion testers, etc.
ž Tribology and machine elements test rigs: Test rigs
for journal, thrust, and rolling bearings, FZG, Twin-disc
test rig, Fretting wear and fatigue test rigs,
Vibration Testing, etc.
ž Electron microscopes (UHR FEG-SEM, TEM)
ž Hopkinson Split Bar & mechanical testing
ž Digital image correlation system
ž Thermal spraying
ž Other equipment: http://www.tut.fi/twc/en

16. Ångström Tribomaterials Group
at Uppsala University
ž 40 years of experience in Tribology
ž Applied and fundamental research
ž 56 PhD theses, > 420 journal publications
žWide range of tribotest equipment (> 20 rigs)
ž Very well equipped for electron microscopy,
surface composition and microstructure
analysis, surface topography, etc.
ž More information:
www.angstrom.uu.se/tribomaterials/

17. Ångström Tribomaterials Group

18. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
VTT provides applied research
of friction, wear and lubrication
- design and processing of
tribomaterials
- characterization
- evaluation
- computer modeling
processing
properties
structure
performance
PSPP
methodology
for
tribological
solutions

19. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
VTT provides research and solutions for
wear and friction applications:
§ Internationally top level technical experts
with more than 30 years experience in the
field of tribology and materials science
§ The VTT Tribology Laboratory has a broad
range of advanced wear and friction
simulating devices and test beds.
§ Wear and friction control and tribomaterial
design with computer based modelling
and simulation software tools combined
with experimental research provides
understanding and solution – also tailored
directly for customer needs and
applications.

20. VTT Tribology laboratory and facilities
The VTT Tribology Laboratory with a broad range of advanced wear and friction
simulating devices and test beds for basic and application oriented research and
for analyses and characterisation:
ž Model wear and contact simulating tests: Rotational sliding contact (pin-on-disc),
Reciprocating linear sliding contact (rec-tester, Piston ring tribometer),
Static Friction Tribometer, Twin-disc tribometer
• Dry and lubricated tests, elevated temperature tests, controlled laboratory
conditions (relative humidity, temperature)
ž Abrasive and erosion wear tests: Rubber wheel test, Micro abrasion, Scratch
test, Slurry erosion test
ž Component tests: Journal bearing, Rolling element bearing, Piston ring
tribometer
ž Characterization: Nanoindentation, Micro-scratch test, Profilometry (3D and
2D), hardness, Microscopy (SEM/EDS, AFM), Coating thickness (ball cratering
test), chemical analyses.

21. www.tut.fi/rocktrib