1. KAASHIV INFOTECH
The Asia, India, Tamil Nadu Book Of Record
Holders
SQL SERVER –Booklet 6
- Gives you the interview tips in SQL Server
SQL SERVER Interview Questions-2014
2. KAASHIV INFOTECH
Welcomes you to the Expert Voice Corner
Mr.J.Venkatesan Prabu
Venkatesan Prabu Jayakantham (venkat) has more than 8 years experience in the
Microsoft Technologies such as VB.Net, ASP.Net, C#.net, SSIS, SSAS, ADO.Net,
etc., He is the Managing Director of KAASHIVINFOTECH
(http://www.kaashivinfotech.com/),a software company in Chennai. Before that,
he worked in HCL Technologies (India and Australia) for six years as Project
Lead. As a service motive, Venkat contributed more than 700 articles which is
read by the developers in 170 countries (400 developers per day)
(http://venkattechnicalblog.blogspot.com/). Aligned with KaaShiv InfoTech’s
mission,he met more than 20,000 young minds and spreaded Microsoft
Technologies / Career guidance programs. Venkat won many awards in his
career, which includes Prestigious Microsoft MVP (Most Valuable Professional)
award for the years 2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013 and won many awards.
List of other awards in his career,
3. Microsoft certified Smart .Net Candidate in 2004
Most valuable member for dotnetspider site in 2007
HCL SQL Subject Matter expert (SME - SQL Server) for the year
(2008,2009)
HCL Special contribution award winner on Dotnet skills for year(2008)
HCL SQL Knowledge Champion for the year 2009
Mind Cracker MVP on SQLServer –2010 for the year 2010,2011
INETA champion - Gold Member – 2010 for the year 2010 HCL Service
Contribution Award for the year 2010
Leading Lights "Rising Star" award from Common Wealth Bank, Australia
for the year 2010
TECHNICAL CERTIFICATION
Cisco certified Network Associate (CCNA) – 2004
Microsoft Certified Application Developer (MCAD) – 2005
4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to thank my family members for their support and
encouragement. Without their support it would be impossible for me to
publish this e-book. I would also like to thank my KaaShiv InfoTech team
for their support to publish this e-book.
DISCLAIMER
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be copied, adapted,
abridged or stored in any retrieval system, computer system,
photographic or other system or transmitted in any form or by any means
without the prior written permission of the copyright holders. Any breach
will entail legal action and permission without further notice.
5. 1.What is the difference between a “Local Temporary Table” and
“Global Temporary Table”?
A Local Temporary Table is created by giving it a prefix of # whereas a
Global Temporary Table is created by giving it a prefix of ##.
A Local Temporary Table cannot be shared among multiple users whereas
a Global Temporary Table can be shared among multiple users.
A Local Temporary Table is only available to the current DB connection for
the current user and are cleared when the connection is closed whereas a
Global Temporary Table is available to any connection once created. They
are cleared when the last connection is closed.
2.What are DMVs?
Dynamic Management Views (DMVs), are functions that give you
information on the state of the server. DMVs, for the most part, are used
to monitor the health of a server. They really just give you a snapshot of
what’s going on inside the server. They let you monitor the health of a
server instance, troubleshoot major problems and tune the server to
increase performance.
6. 3.What are DBCC commands?
In very basic terms the Database Consistency Checker (DBCC) is used to
aid in server maintenance. DBCC commands, many of which are
completely undocumented, provide a set of commands that let you
perform routing maintenance, status and validation checks. The most
common DBCC commands are: DBCC CHECKALLOC (Lets you check disk
allocation); DBCC OPENTRAN (Lets you check any open transactions); and
DBCC HELP (shows a list of available DBCC commands to aid your server
maintenance processes).
4. What are the basic functions for master, msdb, model, tempdb and
resource databases?
1. The master database holds information for all databases located on
the SQL Server instance and is theglue that holds the engine together.
Because SQL Server cannot start without a functioning masterdatabase,
you must administer this database with care.
2. The msdb database stores information regarding database backups,
SQL Agent information, DTS packages, SQL Server jobs, and some
replication information such as for log shipping.
3. The tempdb holds temporary objects such as global and local
temporary tables and stored procedures.
7. 4. The model is essentially a template database used in the creation of any
new user database created in the instance.
5. The resoure Database is a read-only database that contains all the
system objects that are included with SQL Server. SQL Server system
objects, such as sys.objects, are physically persisted in the Resource
database, but they logically appear in the sys schema of every database.
The Resource database does not contain user data or user metadata.
5. What is Service Broker?
Service Broker is a message-queuing technology in SQL Server that allows
developers to integrate SQL Server fully into distributed applications.
Service Broker is feature which provides facility to SQL Server to send an
asynchronous, transactional message. it allows a database to send a
message to another database without waiting for the response, so the
application will continue to function if the remote database is temporarily
unavailable.
6. Where SQL server user names and passwords are stored in SQL server?
They get stored in System Catalog Views sys.server_principals and
sys.sql_logins.
8. 7. What is Policy Management?
Policy Management in SQL SERVER 2008 allows you to define and enforce
policies for configuring and managing SQL Server across the enterprise.
Policy-Based Management is configured in SQL Server Management Studio
(SSMS). Navigate to the Object Explorer and expand the Management node
and the Policy Management node; you will see the Policies, Conditions, and
Facets nodes.
8. What is Replication and Database Mirroring?
Database mirroring can be used with replication to provide availability for
the publication database. Database mirroring involves two copies of a
single database that typically reside on different computers.
9. 9. What are Sparse Columns?
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Designing-Live Template Designing, CSS A sparse column is another
tool used to reduce the amount of physical storage used in a database.
They are the ordinary columns that have an optimized storage for null
values. Sparse columns reduce the space requirements for null values at
the cost of more overhead to retrieve nonnull values.
10. 10. What does TOP Operator Do?
The TOP operator is used to specify the number of rows to be returned by
a query. The TOP operator has new addition in SQL SERVER 2008 that it
accepts variables as well as literal values and can be used with INSERT,
UPDATE, and DELETES statements.
11. What is CTE?
CTE is an abbreviation Common Table Expression. A Common Table
Expression (CTE) is an expression that can be thought of as a temporary
result set which is defined within the execution of a single SQL statement.
A CTE is similar to a derived table in that it is not stored as an object and
lasts only for the duration of the query.
12. What is MERGE Statement?
MERGE is a new feature that provides an efficient way to perform multiple
DML operations. In previous versions of SQL Server, we had to write
separate statements to INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE data based on certain
conditions, but now, using MERGE statement we can include the logic of
such data modifications in one statement that even checks when the data
is matched then just update it and when unmatched then insert it. One of
the most important advantages of MERGE statement is all the data is read
and processed only once.
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13. What is Filtered Index?
Filtered Index is used to index a portion of rows in a table that
means it applies filter on INDEX which improves query performance,
reduce index maintenance costs, and reduce index storage costs
compared with full-table indexes. When we see an Index created
with some where clause then that is actually a FILTERED INDEX.
12. 14. Which are new data types introduced in SQL SERVER 2008?
The GEOMETRY Type: The GEOMETRY data type is a system .NET common
language runtime (CLR) data type in SQL Server. This type represents data
in a two-dimensional Euclidean coordinate system.
The GEOGRAPHY Type: The GEOGRAPHY datatype’s functions are the same
as with GEOMETRY. The difference between the two is that when you
specify GEOGRAPHY, you are usually specifying points in terms of latitude
and longitude.
New Date and Time Datatypes: SQL Server 2008 introduces four new
datatypes related to date and time: DATE, TIME, DATETIMEOFFSET, and
DATETIME2.
DATE: The new DATE type just stores the date itself. It is based on the
Gregorian calendar and handles years from 1 to 9999.
TIME: The new TIME (n) type stores time with a range of
00:00:00.0000000 through 23:59:59.9999999. The precision is
allowed with this type. TIME supports seconds down to 100
nanoseconds. The n in TIME (n) defines this level of fractional second
precision, from 0 to 7 digits of precision.
The DATETIMEOFFSET Type: DATETIMEOFFSET (n) is the time-zone-
aware version of a datetime datatype. The name will appear less odd
when you consider what it really is: a date + a time + a time-zone
offset. The offset is based on how far behind or ahead you are from
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) time.
13. The DATETIME2 Type: It is an extension of the datetime type in earlier
versions of SQL Server. This new datatype has a date range covering
dates from January 1 of year 1 through December 31 of year 9999.
This is a definite improvement over the 1753 lower boundary of the
datetime datatype. DATETIME2 not only includes the larger date
range, but also has a timestamp and the same fractional precision
that TIME type provides
15. What are the Advantages of using CTE?
Using CTE improves the readability and makes maintenance of complex
queries easy.
The query can be divided into separate, simple, logical building blocks
which can be then used to build more complex CTEs until final result set
is generated.
CTE can be defined in functions, stored procedures, triggers or even
views.
After a CTE is defined, it can be used as a Table or a View and can
SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE Data.
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19. Address:
KAASHIV INFO TECH
Shivanantha Building,
X41, 5th Floor,2nd Avenue,
(Near Ayyappan Temple)
Anna Nagar, Chennai = 600040.
Send Us Your Request Email To arun@kaashivinfotech.com,
kaashiv.info@gmail.com,
venkat@kaashivinfotech.com
Contact Number : 9840678906 ;; 9003718877 ;; 9962345637 ;
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